CN112856395A - System and method for controlling heavy metal in furnace suitable for circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents

System and method for controlling heavy metal in furnace suitable for circulating fluidized bed boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112856395A
CN112856395A CN202110316467.7A CN202110316467A CN112856395A CN 112856395 A CN112856395 A CN 112856395A CN 202110316467 A CN202110316467 A CN 202110316467A CN 112856395 A CN112856395 A CN 112856395A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
furnace
fluidized bed
circulating fluidized
bed boiler
conveying pipeline
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202110316467.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张茂龙
张伟强
刘冠杰
钟犁
张庆
吕海生
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Huaneng Group Technology Innovation Center Co Ltd
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Huaneng Group Technology Innovation Center Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute, Huaneng Group Technology Innovation Center Co Ltd filed Critical Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Priority to CN202110316467.7A priority Critical patent/CN112856395A/en
Publication of CN112856395A publication Critical patent/CN112856395A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18Details; Accessories
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/24Devices for removal of material from the bed
    • F23C10/26Devices for removal of material from the bed combined with devices for partial reintroduction of material into the bed, e.g. after separation of agglomerated parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/28Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J7/00Arrangement of devices for supplying chemicals to fire
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2206/00Fluidised bed combustion
    • F23C2206/10Circulating fluidised bed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for controlling heavy metal in a furnace suitable for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which comprises a chemical bin for storing an adsorbent, wherein the bottom outlet of the chemical bin is connected to the bottom of a hearth through a stokehole conveying pipeline and a post-furnace conveying pipeline respectively, one side of the upper part of the hearth is connected to a cyclone separator, the bottom of the cyclone separator is connected to the post-furnace conveying pipeline, the top of the cyclone separator is connected to a tail flue, the outlet end of the tail flue is connected with an environment-friendly discharge device, the top of the hearth is connected to an environment-friendly dust removal device, and the bottom of the hearth is also provided with a slag discharge system and a coal supply system. The invention can effectively reduce the heavy metal concentration of the smoke discharged by the thermal power plant.

Description

System and method for controlling heavy metal in furnace suitable for circulating fluidized bed boiler
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heavy metal adsorption, in particular to a system and a method for controlling heavy metal in a furnace, which are suitable for a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Background
Heavy metals are secondary dust and SO due to characteristics of mobility, bioaccumulation, high harmfulness and the like2And NOxThe fourth largest pollutant of the following coal burning is gradually a focus of attention in recent years. Arsenic, selenium and lead elements in coal are heated and volatilized into gaseous heavy metals, the gaseous heavy metals can perform homogeneous reaction with smoke components and further perform morphological change, meanwhile, the gaseous heavy metals can also generate granular heavy metals through heterogeneous reaction with inorganic minerals and other processes, and part of the heavy metals are finally discharged into the atmosphere in the form of fine particles and gas-phase free states, so that environmental pollution is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for controlling heavy metal in a furnace, which are suitable for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art, and the system and the method can effectively reduce the concentration of heavy metal in flue gas discharged by a thermal power plant.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a heavy metal control system in stove suitable for circulating fluidized bed boiler, is including the medicine storehouse that is used for saving the adsorbent, and the bottom export in medicine storehouse is connected to the bottom of furnace through stokehold pipeline and after-furnace pipeline respectively, upper portion one side of furnace is connected to cyclone, cyclone's bottom is connected to after-furnace pipeline, cyclone's top is connected to the afterbody flue, the exit end of afterbody flue is connected with environmental protection discharging equipment, furnace's top is connected to environmental protection dust collector, furnace's bottom still is provided with slag discharge system and coal feed system.
Further, the bottom outlet of the medicine bin is connected to a conveying pipeline through a rotary feeding device, and the conveying pipeline is connected to a furnace front conveying pipeline and a furnace rear conveying pipeline respectively.
Further, the rotary feeding device adopts a star-shaped feeding machine or an impeller feeding machine.
Further, still include the fan, the exit end of fan is provided with the tee bend, the export of tee bend is connected to the bottom awl fill of pipeline and medicine storehouse respectively.
Furthermore, a gasification device is arranged on the inner side of the conical hopper at the bottom of the medicine bin in the circumferential direction and is connected with one outlet of the tee joint.
Furthermore, the inlet and the two outlets of the tee joint are provided with control valves, and the three control valves jointly form a control valve group.
Furthermore, the inner sides of the conveying pipeline, the furnace front conveying pipeline and the furnace rear conveying pipeline are all provided with an anti-abrasion layer.
Further, a dust remover is arranged at the top of the medicine bin.
Furthermore, the bottom of the cyclone separator is connected with a material returning device, and the material returning device is connected to a furnace rear conveying pipeline.
A method for controlling heavy metal in boiler suitable for circulating fluidized bed boiler, the adsorbent in the chemical bin is delivered to the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through the delivery pipe in front of the boiler, after the adsorption reaction in the hearth, the adsorbent is delivered to the tail environment-friendly discharge device through the cyclone separator and the tail flue, the cyclone separator can effectively complement the fly ash in the flue gas and send the adsorbent delivered by the delivery pipe in the rear of the boiler back to the hearth for combustion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the invention, the heavy metal adsorbent is fed into the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the heavy metal content in the flue gas is effectively reduced through the adsorption and agglomeration effects of the adsorbent, and the pollution of the coal-fired power plant to the atmospheric environment is reduced.
Furthermore, in order to prevent the adsorbent from adhering to the conical hopper at the bottom of the medicine bin and hindering the normal feeding of the adsorbent, a gasification device is added at the conical hopper position of the medicine bin, and an air source of the gasification device is provided by a fan and is adjusted by a control valve set.
Further, in order to fill the adsorbent into the medicine bin conveniently, a dust remover is installed at the top of the medicine bin, the dust remover is opened before medicine adding, and pressurized air in the medicine bin is discharged from the dust remover.
Furthermore, because the adsorbent is a dusty solid, the pipeline abrasion prevention problem needs to be paid attention to in the pneumatic transmission process, and pipeline abrasion prevention designs such as a tortoise shell type design and a back-applied elbow are added.
Furthermore, the cyclone separator can effectively supplement and collect fly ash in the flue gas and send the fly ash back to the hearth for combustion through the material returning device, and the reaction efficiency of the adsorbent can be directly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for controlling heavy metals in a furnace of a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to the present invention.
The system comprises a fan 1, a medicine bin 2, a rotary feeding device 3, a coal feeding system 4, a hearth 5, a cyclone separator 6, a tail flue 7, a control valve group 8, a gasification device 9, a dust remover 10, a slag discharging system 11, a furnace front conveying pipeline 12 and a furnace rear conveying pipeline 13.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below:
through research, kaolin, square shaft stone, bentonite and other particles with large specific surface area can effectively adsorb gaseous free heavy metal in smoke at 700-1000 ℃, and by combining with the operation characteristics of a circulating fluidized bed, the invention provides a furnace heavy metal control system suitable for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, and referring to figure 1, the furnace heavy metal control system comprises a chemical bin 2 for storing an adsorbent, a bottom outlet of the chemical bin 2 is connected to a conveying pipeline through a rotary feeding device 3, the conveying pipeline is respectively connected to the bottom of a hearth 5 through a furnace front conveying pipeline 12 and a furnace rear conveying pipeline 13, the rotary feeding device 3 adopts a star-shaped feeding machine or an impeller feeding machine, the furnace heavy metal control system also comprises a fan 1, an outlet end of the fan 1 is provided with a tee joint, outlets of the tee joint are respectively connected to the conveying pipeline and a bottom cone of the chemical bin 2, a gasification device 9 is arranged on the inner side of the bottom cone of the chemical, gasification equipment 9 with an exit linkage of tee bend, tee bend entry and two exports all are provided with control flap, and three control flap constitutes control flap group 8 jointly, upper portion one side of furnace 5 is connected to cyclone 6, cyclone 6's bottom is connected to conveyer pipe 13 behind the stove through the returning charge device, cyclone 6's top is connected to afterbody flue 7, the exit end of afterbody flue 7 is connected with environmental protection discharging equipment, furnace 5's top is connected to environmental protection dust collector, furnace 5's bottom still is provided with slag discharge system 11 and coal feeding system 4, conveyer pipe, preceding conveyer pipe 12 of stove and 13 inboards of conveyer pipe all are provided with the wearing layer, the top of medicine storehouse 2 is provided with dust remover 10.
The following examples are given to further illustrate the practice of the present invention:
(1) the adsorbent is stored in the medicine bin 2 and is delivered to the conveying pipeline by the bottom rotary feeding device 3 under the action of gravity;
(2) the absorbent dust is sent to a circulating fluidized bed boiler hearth 5 in a pneumatic conveying mode by taking a fan 1 as a power source;
(3) after the adsorption reaction in the hearth 5, the mixture is sent to a tail environment-friendly discharge device through a cyclone separator 6 and a tail flue 7.
The step (1) specifically comprises the following steps:
(1-1) in order to prevent the adsorbent from adhering to a conical hopper at the bottom of the medicine bin 2 and prevent the adsorbent from normally feeding, a gasification device 9 is added at the position of the conical hopper of the medicine bin, an air source of the gasification device 9 is provided by a fan 1, and the air flow is adjusted by a control valve group 8;
(1-2) the rotary feeding device 3 can adopt a star-shaped feeding machine or a vane feeding machine;
(1-3) in order to conveniently fill the adsorbent into the medicine bin 2, a dust remover 10 is installed at the top of the medicine bin 2, the dust remover 10 is opened before medicine adding, and pressurized air in the medicine bin 2 is discharged from the dust remover 10;
(1-4) feeding can be carried out by pouring feeding through an opening at the top part or by adopting pneumatic conveying of a powder tank truck;
the step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(2-1) the coal-fired boiler is provided with factory compressed air, instrument compressed air or other high-pressure fluidizing gas, if the device can directly utilize the original gas source of the boiler, a fan can be omitted, only the quality of the gas source needs to be noticed, a large amount of water cannot be carried in the air, and a drying device can be additionally arranged behind the fan for carrying out corresponding dehumidification;
(2-2) the temperature ranges of the flue gas of the circulating fluidized bed boiler hearth 5 and the cyclone separator 6 are 800-1000 ℃, and the polymerization reaction temperature of the adsorbent and the heavy metal is 700-1000 ℃, so that the adsorbent can be directly fed into the hearth 5 through a stokehole conveying pipeline 12, and can also be fed into the hearth 5 through a material returned after being supplemented with the cyclone separator 6 through a stokehole conveying pipeline 13;
(2-3) because the adsorbent is a dusty solid, the pipeline abrasion prevention problem needs to be paid attention to in the pneumatic conveying process, and pipeline abrasion prevention designs such as a tortoise shell type design and a back application elbow are added.
The step (3) specifically includes:
(3-1) the adsorbent can effectively capture free heavy metal gas and dust in the flue gas, particles which can be supplemented are formed through adsorption and aggregation, and the particles are supplemented through an original environment-friendly dust removal device of a coal-fired power plant, such as a bag-type dust remover, an electric dust remover or an electric bag dust remover, so that the particles are effectively prevented from being directly discharged into the atmospheric environment;
(3-2) the cyclone separator 6 can effectively supplement and collect the fly ash in the flue gas and send the fly ash back to the hearth for combustion through the material returning device, and the reaction efficiency of the adsorbent can be directly improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. The in-furnace heavy metal control system suitable for the circulating fluidized bed boiler is characterized by comprising a chemical bin (2) used for storing an adsorbent, wherein a bottom outlet of the chemical bin (2) is connected to the bottom of a hearth (5) through a stokehole conveying pipeline (12) and a stokehole conveying pipeline (13) respectively, one side of the upper portion of the hearth (5) is connected to a cyclone separator (6), the bottom of the cyclone separator (6) is connected to a stokehole conveying pipeline (13), the top of the cyclone separator (6) is connected to a tail flue (7), an outlet end of the tail flue (7) is connected with an environment-friendly discharge device, the top of the hearth (5) is connected to an environment-friendly dust removal device, and the bottom of the hearth (5) is further provided with a slag discharge system (11) and a coal feeding system (4).
2. The in-furnace heavy metal control system suitable for the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom outlet of the chemical bin (2) is connected to conveying pipes through a rotary feeding device (3), and the conveying pipes are respectively connected to a stokehole conveying pipe (12) and a post-furnace conveying pipe (13).
3. The system for controlling the heavy metals in the furnace suitable for the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that the rotary feeding device (3) adopts a star-type feeding machine or a vane feeding machine.
4. The system for controlling the heavy metal in the furnace suitable for the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 2, further comprising a blower (1), wherein an outlet end of the blower (1) is provided with a tee joint, and outlets of the tee joint are respectively connected to the conveying pipeline and a bottom cone of the chemical bin (2).
5. The system for controlling the heavy metal in the furnace suitable for the circulating fluidized bed boiler is characterized in that a gasification device (9) is circumferentially arranged on the inner side of a bottom cone of the chemical bin (2), and the gasification device (9) is connected with one outlet of the tee joint.
6. The system for controlling the heavy metals in the furnace suitable for the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 4, wherein the inlet and two outlets of the tee are provided with control valves, and the three control valves jointly form a control valve group (8).
7. The system for controlling the heavy metals in the furnace suitable for the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 2, wherein the inner sides of the conveying pipeline, the stokehole conveying pipeline (12) and the after-furnace conveying pipeline (13) are provided with an anti-wear layer.
8. The system for controlling heavy metals in a furnace suitable for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, wherein a dust collector (10) is provided at the top of the hopper (2).
9. The system for controlling the heavy metals in the furnace suitable for the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, wherein a material returning device is connected to the bottom of the cyclone separator (6), and the material returning device is connected to the after-furnace conveying pipeline (13).
10. A method for controlling heavy metal in a furnace suitable for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which adopts the system for controlling heavy metal in a furnace suitable for a circulating fluidized bed boiler of any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized in that an adsorbent in a chemical bin (2) is conveyed to a hearth (5) of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a stokehole conveying pipeline (12), the adsorbent is conveyed to a tail environment-friendly discharge device through a cyclone separator (6) and a tail flue (7) after adsorption reaction occurs in the hearth (5), and the cyclone separator (6) can effectively supplement fly ash in flue gas and collect the adsorbent conveyed by a post-furnace conveying pipeline (13) and return the adsorbent to the hearth for combustion.
CN202110316467.7A 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 System and method for controlling heavy metal in furnace suitable for circulating fluidized bed boiler Pending CN112856395A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110316467.7A CN112856395A (en) 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 System and method for controlling heavy metal in furnace suitable for circulating fluidized bed boiler

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110316467.7A CN112856395A (en) 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 System and method for controlling heavy metal in furnace suitable for circulating fluidized bed boiler

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112856395A true CN112856395A (en) 2021-05-28

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ID=75992890

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110316467.7A Pending CN112856395A (en) 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 System and method for controlling heavy metal in furnace suitable for circulating fluidized bed boiler

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112856395A (en)

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