CN112855436B

CN112855436B - Safety device for wind driven generator

Info

Publication number: CN112855436B
Application number: CN202110330432.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘文晋; 严伟龙; 孙山; 朱贝尔
Original assignee: Envision Energy Co Ltd
Current assignee: Envision Energy Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-25
Filing date: 2021-03-25
Publication date: 2022-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-25
Also published as: CN112855436A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and provides a safety device for a wind driven generator.

Description

Safety device for wind driven generator

Technical Field

The present invention relates generally to the field of wind power generation. In particular, the present invention relates to a safety device for a wind turbine.

Background

In the prior art, the control of the safety circuit of the wind turbine is mainly accomplished by a modular safety relay (for example, a Pilz X4 relay). Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a safety circuit of the prior art, in which the input ports of the modular safety relay are serially connected to the output contacts of the respective control switches and sensors, and the output ports thereof are respectively connected to actuators for bringing the wind turbine into a safe state, the actuators including, for example, the main circuit breaker trip circuit of the converter, the power supply circuit of the nacelle rotating part, and the pitch EFC circuit.

However, the modular safety relay is used as a general-purpose safety relay, and the structure and the circuit of the safety relay are complicated and the cost is high because the safety relay needs to be applied to various different occasions. When a modular safety relay is used in a safety circuit of a wind driven generator, the functions and ports involved are limited, and 100% of the functions and ports are not utilized. Based on the two points, the wind driven generator safety circuit uses the modularized safety relay, so that the problems of high cost and low utilization rate exist.

In addition, in the safety circuit of the wind driven generator, some monitored switches or sensors are installed in the cabin which is in continuous vibration in the air, so that the contacts of the switches or sensors can be separated very briefly due to vibration, and then the input of the safety relay is interrupted in milliseconds. These interruptions may cause malfunction of the safety relay, causing the safety circuit to be accidentally opened, affecting the continuous operation of the wind turbine.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to at least partially solve the problems of the prior art that the safety circuit of the wind driven generator is high in cost and low in utilization rate due to the use of a modular safety relay, and the vibration can cause the accidental disconnection of the safety circuit and influence the continuous operation of the wind driven generator, the invention provides a safety device for the wind driven generator, which comprises:

controlling a power supply;

a forced guided relay; and

a safety circuit connected to the control power source through a forced-directed relay, the safety circuit comprising:

a start/reset circuit having a start/reset means, the start/reset circuit being configured to start or reset the safety circuit by triggering the start/reset means;

a mechanical safety circuit having a detection device, the mechanical safety circuit being configured to detect a state of the wind turbine through the detection device and to automatically trigger to open the mechanical safety circuit when an abnormal state is detected; and

an artificial safety circuit having an emergency stop switch, the artificial safety circuit configured to disconnect the artificial safety circuit and the mechanical safety circuit by manually triggering the emergency stop switch.

In the present invention, the term "forced guide type relay" refers to a relay in which opening and closing of contacts is forcibly performed by a guide means, that is, opening and closing of the contacts thereof must be forcibly performed by the guide means, but cannot be performed by de-energizing the relay.

The term "reset" refers to returning the state of an element in the circuit, such as the open and closed states of contacts, the open and closed states of a switch, to an initial state.

In one embodiment of the invention, provision is made for:

the forced guided relays include first to fifth forced guided relays, and each forced guided relay includes N0(normal open) contacts, NC (normal close) contacts, and a coil; and/or

Wherein the start/reset circuit includes a first circuit in which the first N0 contact of the first forced guided relay, the first NC contact of the third forced guided relay and the first NC contact of the fourth forced guided relay are connected in series, and the first circuit is connected in parallel to the first N0 contact of the second forced guided relay, the first NC contact of the fifth forced guided relay and the first NC contact of the sixth forced guided relay which are connected in series, and the first circuit is connected in parallel to the start/reset device and is connected to the coil of the first forced guided relay and the coil of the second forced guided relay which are connected in parallel, and the start/reset circuit is connected to both poles of the control power source; and/or

Wherein the artificial safety circuit comprises a second circuit, wherein the first N0 contact of the third forced directional relay is connected in series with the first N0 contact of the fourth forced directional relay, and is in parallel with the second N0 contact of the first force directed relay, and the second circuit is in series with the emergency stop switch, and is connected to coils of a third and fourth forced directional relays, and the artificial safety circuit is connected to both poles of a control power source, and the second N0 contact of the third forced guiding relay, the second N0 contact of the fourth forced guiding relay and the first NC contact of the first forced guiding relay are connected with a tripping accessory of the converter main circuit breaker, the third N0 contact of the third forced guiding relay, the third N0 contact of the fourth forced guiding relay and the second NC contact of the first forced guiding relay are connected with the yaw controller; and/or

Wherein the mechanical safety circuit comprises a third circuit, wherein the first N0 contact of the fifth force guided relay is connected in series with the first N0 contact of the sixth force guided relay and in parallel with the second N0 contact of the second force guided relay and connected with the second circuit, and the third circuit is connected in series with the detection means and connects the coils of the fifth force guided relay and the sixth force guided relay in parallel, and the mechanical safety circuit is connected to both control power supply poles, and the second N0 contact of the fifth force guided relay, the second N0 contact of the sixth force guided relay are connected with the pitch EFC controller.

In the present invention, the term "tripping accessory of the main circuit breaker of the converter" refers to an accessory that is operated remotely and can separate the circuit breaker and protect the circuit when the voltage of the control power supply reaches a certain rated value.

In the present invention, the term "yaw controller" refers to a system for automatically bringing a wind power generator into power generation against the wind and the wind. Automatic wind facing may be achieved, for example, by adjusting the yaw angle of the blades or rotor.

In the present invention, the term "pitch EFC controller" refers to a system for controlling a wind turbine blade, which may for example adjust the pitch angle of the blade, for example for emergency handling when the blade enters the EFC state.

In one embodiment of the invention, when the emergency stop switch is triggered manually, the manual safety circuit and the mechanical safety circuit are disconnected, the tripping accessory of the main breaker of the converter is activated, the main breaker of the converter trips, the yaw controller loses power, the yaw action cannot be carried out, the pitch-variable EFC controller loses power, and the blade enters an EFC state; and/or

When the detection device detects an abnormal state, the mechanical safety circuit is disconnected, the variable-pitch EFC controller is powered off, and the blade enters the EFC state.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the second force-guided relay is replaced by a non-force-guided relay.

In one embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the second circuit is connected in series with the emergency stop switch, and the coil connected to the third and fourth relays includes:

when the emergency stop switch is a single contact, the emergency stop switch is connected to coils of a third forced guiding relay and a fourth forced guiding relay which are connected in parallel; and

when the emergency stop switch is a double contact, the first contact of the emergency stop switch is connected with the coil of the third forced guiding relay in series, and the second contact of the emergency stop switch is connected with the coil of the fourth forced guiding relay in series.

In one embodiment of the invention, the third N0 contact of the third forced guiding relay, the third N0 contact of the fourth forced guiding relay and the third NC contact of the first forced guiding relay are connected with a tripping accessory of the converter main breaker.

In one embodiment of the invention, the control power supply is connected to the interface board of the wind driven generator by branches, wherein the second NC contact of the third forced guidance relay and the second NC contact of the fourth forced guidance relay which are connected in parallel are connected in the first branch, and the second NC contact of the fifth forced guidance relay and the second NC contact of the sixth forced guidance relay which are connected in parallel are connected in the second branch.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the start/reset device comprises a start/reset button on the wind turbine and/or a force-guided relay for start/reset of the wind turbine control system.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the detection device comprises a detection switch and/or a sensor.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that one or more force-guided relays are connected in parallel with a time delay capacitor, so that when the emergency stop switch and/or the detection device is opened due to a vibration during a first time period, the time delay capacitor supplies the force-guided relay connected in parallel with the time delay capacitor with its stored charge during at least the first time period.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the capacitance value of the delay capacitance is determined such that the first time period is greater than 10 ms.

The invention also provides a wind driven generator which is provided with the safety device for the wind driven generator in the embodiments of the invention.

The invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the modular safety relay in the prior art is replaced in the safety circuit of the wind driven generator by applying the plurality of relays, the same function and the same safety can be realized, the use cost is greatly reduced, the utilization rate of the relays is improved, the relay has higher reliability, and meanwhile, because the coil of the relay is connected with the delay capacitor in parallel, the misoperation of the relays caused by the vibration of the wind driven generator during working can be avoided.

Drawings

To further clarify the advantages and features that may be present in various embodiments of the present invention, a more particular description of various embodiments of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts will be denoted by the same or similar reference numerals for clarity.

Fig. 1 shows a safety circuit schematic of a prior art wind turbine.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a safety circuit of a wind turbine generator with a single contact for an emergency stop switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a safety circuit of a wind turbine generator when the emergency stop switch is a double contact according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of the main circuit breaker trip accessory circuit in an embodiment of the present invention when a redundant circuit is used.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of an interface board for controlling a power supply to be connected to a wind turbine via two branches according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a safety circuit of a combination of a plurality of start/reset means in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of a wind power generator to which the present invention is applied.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the components in the figures may be exaggerated and not necessarily to scale for illustrative purposes. In the figures, identical or functionally identical components are provided with the same reference symbols.

In the present invention, "disposed on …", "disposed over …" and "disposed over …" do not exclude the presence of an intermediate therebetween, unless otherwise specified. Further, "disposed on or above …" merely indicates the relative positional relationship between two components, and may also be converted to "disposed below or below …" and vice versa in certain cases, such as after reversing the product direction.

In the present invention, the embodiments are only intended to illustrate the aspects of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting.

In the present invention, the terms "a" and "an" do not exclude the presence of a plurality of elements, unless otherwise specified.

It is further noted herein that in embodiments of the present invention, only a portion of the components or assemblies may be shown for clarity and simplicity, but those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, given the teachings of the present invention, required components or assemblies may be added as needed in a particular scenario. Furthermore, features from different embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other, unless otherwise indicated. For example, a feature of the second embodiment may be substituted for a corresponding or functionally equivalent or similar feature of the first embodiment, and the resulting embodiments are likewise within the scope of the disclosure or recitation of the present application.

It is also noted herein that, within the scope of the present invention, the terms "same", "equal", and the like do not mean that the two values are absolutely equal, but allow some reasonable error, that is, the terms also encompass "substantially the same", "substantially equal". By analogy, in the present invention, the terms "perpendicular", "parallel" and the like in the directions of the tables also cover the meanings of "substantially perpendicular", "substantially parallel".

The numbering of the steps of the methods of the present invention does not limit the order of execution of the steps of the methods. Unless specifically stated, the method steps may be performed in a different order.

The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawings in conjunction with the detailed description.

A schematic diagram of a safety circuit in one embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 2.

The safety circuit includes: the control system comprises a control power supply, relays (K20, K30, K31, K32, K21 and K22), a starting/resetting button RS, an emergency stop switch (S1-Sn), time delay capacitors (A20 and A30), a detection switch or sensor output contact (C1-Cn), a tripping accessory of a converter main breaker, a yaw controller and a pitch EFC controller.

Of the relays, relays (K20, K31, K32, K21, and K22) are safety relays with forced guide contacts, and relay K30 is a safety relay with forced guide contacts or a general type control relay.

The components of the above-described safety circuit constitute three parts of the safety circuit, including: a start/reset circuit, an artificial safety circuit, a mechanical safety circuit.

The start/reset circuit includes:

circuit 1: an N0 contact of the relay K20, an NC contact of the relay K21 and an NC contact of the relay K22 are connected in series;

the circuit 1 is connected in parallel to one N0 contact of the relay K30, one NC contact of the relay K31 and one NC contact of the relay K32 which are connected in series;

the circuit 1 is connected in parallel to the start/reset means;

the circuit is connected to the coil of the relay K20 and the coil of the relay K30 which are connected in parallel; and

the start/reset circuit is connected to both poles of the control power supply.

The artificial safety circuit includes:

a circuit 2: the 1N 0 contact of relay K21 is in series with the 1N 0 contact of K22 and in parallel with the 1N 0 contact of relay K20;

the circuit 2 is connected in series with the emergency stop switches S1-Sn and to the coils of the relays K21 and K22, wherein:

when the emergency stop switch S1-Sn is a single contact, the relay K21 is connected with the coil of the K22 in parallel and is connected with a capacitor in parallel; and

when the emergency stop switches S1-Sn are double contacts, as shown in FIG. 3, the coil of the relay K21 is connected to the circuit of the first contacts of the emergency stop switches S1-Sn in series and is connected with a capacitor in parallel, and the coil of the relay K22 is connected to the circuit of the second contacts of the emergency stop switches S1-Sn in series and is connected with a capacitor in parallel;

the artificial safety circuit is connected to two poles of the control power supply;

the 1N 0 contact of the relay K21, the 1N 0 contact of the relay K22 and the 1 NC contact of the relay K20 are connected in series to the trip accessory of the converter main breaker, wherein the circuit may take the form of dual redundancy as shown in fig. 4: two branches with the same form are connected to the tripping accessory in parallel; and

1N 0 contact of the relay K21, 1N 0 contact of the relay K22 and 1 NC contact of the relay K20 are connected in series between the control power supply and the yaw controller.

The mechanical safety circuit comprises:

a circuit 3: 1N 0 contact of the relay K31 is connected in series with each 1N 0 contact of K32, then is connected in parallel with 1N 0 contact of the relay K30, and is connected with the circuit 2;

the circuit 3 connects a plurality of detection switches or sensor output contacts C1-Cn in series and connects the coils and capacitors of relays K31, K32 in parallel;

the mechanical safety circuit is connected to two poles of a control power supply; and

the 1N 0 contact of relay K31 and the 1N 0 contact of K32 are connected in series between the control power supply and the border EFC controller.

The safety circuit in the above embodiment replaces the modular safety relay in the prior art with a relay using a forced guiding contact, so as to create an innovative circuit design, reduce the use cost, and achieve the same function and the same safety.

Meanwhile, the safety relay and the delay capacitor of the safety circuit in the embodiment are connected in parallel, when the emergency stop switch and/or the detection switch are instantaneously disconnected due to vibration, the delay capacitor supplies power to the safety relay through charges stored in the delay capacitor, so that a coil of the relay can bear the power supply flash-off, the misoperation of the relay cannot be caused, and the wind driven generator is accidentally shut down.

The working principle of the safety circuit in this embodiment for implementing the safety function can be divided into different modes according to different start/reset modes, as shown in the following tables 1 to 3.

The starting/resetting mode and the safety circuit triggering flow of the safety circuit are recovered after the reset button is pressed firstly as shown in table 1:

TABLE 1

The start/reset mode of first restoring the safety circuit and then pressing the reset button and the safety circuit triggering flow are shown in table 2:

TABLE 2

The start/reset mechanical safety circuit only and mechanical safety circuit only trigger flow is shown in table 3:

TABLE 3

In another embodiment of the present invention, the NC contacts using relays K21/K22/K31/K32 are additionally wired as shown in FIG. 5, providing status information of the manual safety circuit and the mechanical safety circuit to the control system.

In another embodiment of the invention, the start/reset device RS as shown in fig. 6 may be a combination of a plurality of start/reset devices, such as RS1 at the nacelle position, RS2 at the tower bottom position, and a relay K50 for remote start/reset of the wind turbine control system.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of a wind turbine 100 to which the present invention is applied. The wind turbine 100 shown in FIG. 7 includes a tower 101, a nacelle 102 rotatably connected to the tower 101 and supporting a hub 103. Two or more blades 104 are arranged on the hub 103, wherein the blades 104, under the influence of wind, rotate a rotor (not shown) arranged in the hub 108 around an axis (not shown), wherein rotation of the rotor of the generator relative to the stator will generate electrical energy.

While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not limitation. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art that various combinations, modifications, and changes can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the breadth and scope of the present invention disclosed herein should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A safety device for a wind turbine, comprising:

controlling a power supply;

a forced guided relay, wherein the forced guided relay includes first to fifth forced guided relays, and each forced guided relay includes an NO contact, an NC contact, and a coil; and

an artificial safety circuit having an emergency stop switch, the artificial safety circuit configured to disconnect the artificial safety circuit and the mechanical safety circuit by manually triggering the emergency stop switch;

wherein the mechanical safety circuit is connected to both poles of a control power supply, the mechanical safety circuit includes: a third circuit; a detection device; the coils of a fifth forced guiding type relay and a sixth forced guiding type relay are connected in parallel; and a pitch EFC controller.

2. The safety device for a wind power generator according to claim 1,

wherein the start/reset circuit is connected to both poles of a control power supply, the start/reset circuit including:

the first circuit is used for connecting the first NO contact of the first forced guiding relay, the first NC contact of the third forced guiding relay and the first NC contact of the fourth forced guiding relay in series;

a first NO contact of a second forced guiding type relay, a first NC contact of a fifth forced guiding type relay and a first NC contact of a sixth forced guiding type relay which are connected in series, wherein the first NO contact of the second forced guiding type relay, the first NC contact of the fifth forced guiding type relay and the first NC contact of the sixth forced guiding type relay which are connected in series are connected with the first circuit in parallel;

a start/reset device connected in parallel with the first circuit; and

a coil of a first forced guiding relay and a coil of a second forced guiding relay which are connected in parallel, wherein the coil of the first forced guiding relay and the coil of the second forced guiding relay which are connected in parallel are connected with the first circuit, connected with a first NO contact of the second forced guiding relay, a first NC contact of a fifth forced guiding relay and a first NC contact of a sixth forced guiding relay which are connected in series, and connected with the starting/resetting device; and/or

Wherein artificial safety circuit is connected to the two poles of the earth of control power supply, artificial safety circuit includes:

a second circuit in which the first NO contact of the third forced guided relay is connected in series with the first NO contact of the fourth forced guided relay and is connected in parallel with the second NO contact of the first forced guided relay;

an emergency stop switch in series with the second circuit;

the coils of the third forced directional relay and the fourth forced directional relay are connected with the second circuit;

the tripping accessory of the converter main circuit breaker is connected with the second NO contact of the third forced guiding relay, the second NO contact of the fourth forced guiding relay and the first NC contact of the first forced guiding relay; and

the yaw controller is connected with a third NO contact of the third forced guiding relay, a third NO contact of the fourth forced guiding relay and a second NC contact of the first forced guiding relay; and/or

Wherein the mechanical safety circuit is connected to both poles of a control power supply, the mechanical safety circuit includes:

a third circuit in which the first NO contact of the fifth forced guided relay is connected in series with the first NO contact of the sixth forced guided relay, and is connected in parallel with the second NO contact of the second forced guided relay, and is connected to the second circuit;

a detection device in series with the third circuit;

the coils of the fifth forced guiding relay and the sixth forced guiding relay are connected in parallel, and the coils of the fifth forced guiding relay and the sixth forced guiding relay are connected with the third circuit; and

and the variable pitch EFC controller is connected with the second NO contact of the fifth forced guiding type relay and the second NO contact of the sixth forced guiding type relay.

3. The safety device for a wind power generator of claim 2, wherein upon manual triggering of the emergency stop switch, the manual safety circuit and the mechanical safety circuit are open, the trip accessory of the converter main breaker is activated, the converter main breaker trips, the yaw controller is de-energized, no yaw action is enabled and the pitch EFC controller is de-energized, the blade enters the EFC state; and/or

4. Safety device for wind power generator according to claim 2 characterized in that the second forced guided relay is replaced by a non-forced guided relay.

5. The safety device for a wind power generator according to claim 2, wherein the second circuit is connected in series with the emergency stop switch, and the coils connected to the third and fourth forced directional relays comprise:

6. The safety device for wind power generator according to claim 2, wherein the third NO contact of the third forced guiding relay, the third NO contact of the fourth forced guiding relay, and the third NC contact of the first forced guiding relay are connected with the trip accessory of the converter main breaker.

7. The safety device for a wind power generator according to claim 2, wherein the control power source is connected to the interface board of the wind power generator through branches, wherein the second NC contact of the third forced guided relay and the second NC contact of the fourth forced guided relay connected in parallel are connected in the first branch, and the second NC contact of the fifth forced guided relay and the second NC contact of the sixth forced guided relay connected in parallel are connected in the second branch.

8. Safety device for wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that said start/reset means comprise a start/reset button on the wind turbine and/or a forced piloted relay for start/reset of the wind turbine control system.

9. Safety device for wind power generator according to claim 1 characterized in that said detection means comprise detection switches and/or sensors.

10. Safety device for a wind turbine according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein one or more force guided relays are connected in parallel with a time delay capacitance such that when the emergency stop switch and/or the detection device is opened for a first period of time due to a vibration, the time delay capacitance supplies the force guided relay connected in parallel with the time delay capacitance for at least the first period of time by its stored charge.

11. Safety arrangement for a wind power generator according to claim 10, wherein the capacitance value of the delay capacitance is determined such that the first time period is larger than 10 ms.

12. A wind power generator having a safety device for a wind power generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.