CN112854121A - Foldable floating breakwater - Google Patents
Foldable floating breakwater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112854121A CN112854121A CN202110264332.0A CN202110264332A CN112854121A CN 112854121 A CN112854121 A CN 112854121A CN 202110264332 A CN202110264332 A CN 202110264332A CN 112854121 A CN112854121 A CN 112854121A
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- wave
- blocking
- airbags
- curtain
- floating breakwater
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- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
Abstract
The invention provides a foldable floating breakwater which comprises two wave-blocking airbags, wherein a plurality of plate-shaped airbags are connected between the two wave-blocking airbags and are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the wave-blocking airbags, a plurality of wave-blocking devices are detachably connected to the bottom of each wave-blocking airbag, the plurality of wave-blocking devices are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the wave-blocking airbags, each wave-blocking device comprises two wave-blocking curtains symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the wave-blocking airbags, each wave-blocking curtain is provided with a plurality of through holes, the bottom end of each wave-blocking curtain is provided with a suspension device, each suspension device comprises a first cable and a hanging block, the top end of the first cable is connected with the wave-blocking curtain, the bottom end of the first cable is connected with the hanging block, and each wave-blocking airbag is connected with a plurality of anchoring devices. The invention has small required storage space, can be quickly installed and can effectively consume the wave energy on the surface layer of the water body and at a certain depth under the water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering, and particularly relates to a foldable floating breakwater.
Background
The breakwater is a common port and coast engineering structure, is mainly used for defending waves transmitted from the open sea, providing a stable ship loading and unloading operation environment and protecting other port engineering structures. Conventional breakwaters, such as vertical breakwaters and slope breakwaters, can be used to better cover the harbor waters, and corresponding engineering techniques have been considerably developed and applied. However, research and experiments on wave theory show that the energy of waves is concentrated on the surface layer of the water body, and 98% of the energy of all waves is concentrated in a water depth range with three times of wave height below the water surface. The breakwater with the traditional structure form is not completely adaptive to the distribution rule of wave energy in the aspect of material use. Such as a slope breakwater, uses a minimum amount of materials at a place where wave energy is most concentrated, and consumes a large amount of materials at a place where wave energy is least, and construction becomes very difficult as the construction water depth increases and the construction cost sharply increases. And the circulation of the water in the shield area is limited, so that the problems of sediment deposition, shoreline movement, water pollution in the harbor and the like are easily caused, and the structure is unreasonable.
The floating breakwater is a special breakwater which is concentrated on the surface layer of the water body by utilizing wave energy distribution and is adopted for overcoming various adverse factors caused by the foundation breakwater. All manufacturing materials of the existing floating breakwater are mostly steel and concrete, the size is large, the dead weight of the floating breakwater is also large, and therefore the existing floating breakwater is inconvenient to transport for a long distance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a foldable floating breakwater which has small required storage space, can be quickly installed and can effectively consume wave energy on the surface layer of a water body and at a certain depth under water.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a collapsible floating breakwater, including two unrestrained gasbags that keep off, be connected with a plurality of plate-like gasbags between two unrestrained gasbags that keep off, a plurality of plate-like gasbags set up along the length direction interval that keeps off unrestrained gasbags, every bottom that keeps off unrestrained gasbags can be dismantled and is connected with a plurality of unrestrained devices that keep off, a plurality of unrestrained devices set up side by side along the length direction that keeps off unrestrained gasbags, every keeps off unrestrained device and includes two wave curtains that keep off unrestrained gasbag width direction symmetry and set up, a plurality of through-holes have been seted up on every wave curtain, every bottom that keeps off unrestrained curtain is equipped with pendulous device, pendulous device includes first hawser and hangs the piece, the top of first hawser is connected with the wave curtain that keeps off, its bottom.
Furthermore, the top end of the wave-blocking curtain is provided with an upper steel pipe, the bottom end of the wave-blocking curtain is provided with a lower steel pipe, and the top end of the mooring rope is connected with the lower steel pipe.
Further, the number of the suspension devices arranged on each wave curtain is at least two.
Further, the through holes are circular, and the opening area ratio of each wave blocking curtain is 11.8%.
Further, the wave-blocking air bag, the plate-shaped air bag and the wave-blocking curtain are all made of rubber materials.
Furthermore, mounting holes are respectively formed in two ends of the plate-shaped air bag, and the wave-blocking air bag is in interference fit with the mounting holes.
Further, the anchoring device comprises a second cable and an anchor block, wherein the top end of the second cable is connected with the wave-stopping air bag, and the bottom end of the second cable is connected with the anchor block.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the structure design is simple, when the wave-blocking air bag and the plate-shaped air bag are not inflated, the wave-blocking air bag, the plate-shaped air bag and the wave-blocking device can be folded and stored, the required storage space is small, the transportation is convenient, when the wave-blocking air bag and the plate-shaped air bag are required to be used on site, the wave-blocking air bag can be used by being inflated and spliced, the installation speed is high, and the wave-blocking air bag is particularly suitable for emergency situations;
(2) the wave-blocking air bag dissipates waves by reflecting waves on the surface layer of the water body, the wave-blocking curtains are distributed at a certain depth underwater, and a plurality of through holes in the wave-blocking curtains are utilized to interfere with external wave trains such as the waves, so that disordered water flow is generated underwater, the energy of the underwater waves is effectively dissipated, and the surface layer of the water body of the breakwater and the wave-dissipating performance of the underwater certain depth are guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a foldable floating breakwater according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view of the collapsible floating breakwater of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of the collapsible floating breakwater of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a wave-blocking curtain in the foldable floating breakwater according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1-wave-blocking air bag, 2-plate-shaped air bag, 3-wave-blocking curtain, 31-through hole, 4-first cable, 5-hanging block, 6-upper steel pipe, 7-lower steel pipe, 8-second cable and 9-anchor block.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships conventionally put in use of products of the present invention, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a foldable floating breakwater according to the present invention, fig. 2 is a side view of the foldable floating breakwater according to the present invention, and fig. 3 is a top view of the foldable floating breakwater according to the present invention. The utility model provides a collapsible floating breakwater, including two fender wave gasbags 1, be connected with a plurality of plate gasbags 2 between two fender wave gasbags 1, a plurality of plate gasbags 2 set up along the length direction interval that keeps off wave gasbags 1, every bottom that keeps off wave gasbags 1 can be dismantled and is connected with a plurality of unrestrained device, a plurality of unrestrained devices set up side by side along the length direction that keeps off wave gasbags 1, every keeps off unrestrained device includes two fender wave curtains 3 along keeping off wave gasbags 1 width direction symmetry setting, a plurality of through-holes 31 have been seted up on every fender wave curtain 3, every bottom that keeps off wave curtain 3 is equipped with pendulous device, pendulous device includes first hawser 4 and hanging piece 5, the top of first hawser 4 is connected with fender wave curtain 3, its bottom is connected with hanging piece 5, be connected with a plurality of anchor devices on every fender wave gasbags 1.
The sizes of the wave-baffling air bags 1 and the plate-shaped air bags 2 are selected according to the wave conditions of the engineering site, so that the length and the width of the whole foldable floating breakwater are determined. The length of the plate-shaped air bag 2 is twice the diameter of the wave-blocking air bag 1 and the distance between the two wave-blocking air bags 1 and the surplus length, the height is twice the diameter of the wave-blocking air bag 1 and the surplus height, the length and the width of the plate-shaped air bag 2 are both required to be reserved with the surplus length, the surplus length and the surplus height are calculated according to wave conditions during strength design, and the general surplus length and the surplus height can be twice the diameter of the wave-blocking air bag 1. When the wave-blocking airbags 1 and the plate-shaped airbags 2 are not inflated, the two wave-blocking airbags 1, the plurality of plate-shaped airbags 2 and the plurality of wave-blocking devices can be folded and stored, the required storage space is small, the transportation is convenient, the wave-blocking airbags 1 and the plate-shaped airbags 2 are inflated and assembled when the device is used on site, and the plurality of wave-blocking devices are connected to the corresponding wave-blocking airbags 1, in one embodiment, the number of the plate-shaped airbags 2 is four, and the four plate-shaped airbags 2 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the wave-blocking airbags 1. In one embodiment, the wave-restraining airbag 1, the plate-shaped airbag 2, and the wave-restraining curtain 3 are made of rubber materials. Under natural disasters weather, even if the anchoring device suffers damage, because the breakwater main part is rubber construction, elasticity is good, and the counter-force is little with object collision, so can not cause the secondary to destruction to the ocean engineering around. Further, in order to facilitate the installation of the breakwater, in an embodiment, the two ends of the plate-shaped airbag 2 are respectively provided with an installation hole, and the wave-blocking airbag 1 is in interference fit with the installation holes. Before the air inflation, the wave-blocking air bag 1 is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole of the plate-shaped air bag 2, then the wave-blocking air bag 1 and the plate-shaped air bag 2 are inflated, and the wave-blocking air bag 1 and the plate-shaped air bag 2 are assembled and embedded when the air inflation is finished due to the interference fit of the wave-blocking air bag 1 and the mounting hole, and the wave-blocking air bag 1 and the plate-shaped air bag 2 are made of rubber materials and have large friction coefficients, so that the overall stability of the assembled and embedded wave-blocking air bag 1 and the plate-shaped air bag 2 is high.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a wave-blocking curtain in the foldable floating breakwater according to the present invention. According to the foldable floating breakwater, the energy dissipation design fully utilizes the wave energy distribution characteristic that the wave energy is concentrated on the surface layer of a water body and 98% of the total wave energy is concentrated in the water depth range with the wave height of three times below the water surface, the two wave-blocking airbags 1 are arranged on the wave-facing side and the back wave side, the wave energy is reduced by applying the reflection action of the wave-blocking airbags 1 on waves on the surface layer of the water body, and the reflection energy dissipation effect is obvious. Aiming at an area with a certain depth underwater, a plurality of wave retaining devices arranged in parallel are used for dissipating energy, each wave retaining device comprises a wave retaining curtain 3 symmetrically arranged on a wave retaining air bag 1, a plurality of through holes 31 are formed in the wave retaining curtain 3, when waves act on the wave retaining curtain 3, part of wave trains act and reflect with the wave retaining curtain 3, part of wave trains are transmitted through the through holes 31 in the wave retaining curtain 3, the original motion path of the waves is damaged, and turbulent water flow is generated underwater, so that the wave retaining curtain 3 has the energy dissipation characteristics of reflection energy dissipation, turbulent energy dissipation and the like, the incident wave energy dissipation is obvious when the waves are incident to a breakwater under the action, the transmitted wave height is greatly reduced, the wave dissipating effect is obvious, and meanwhile, in the wave flowing direction, the energy dissipation is combined step by step through the plurality of wave retaining curtains 3, and the underwater wave energy dissipation is further effectively dissipated. Further, in order to facilitate the deployment of the wave-blocking curtain 3 to achieve the maximum area wave-breaking and improve the wave-breaking effect of the wave-blocking curtain 3, in an embodiment, an upper steel tube 6 is disposed at the top end of the wave-blocking curtain 3, a lower steel tube 7 is disposed at the bottom end of the wave-blocking curtain, and the top end of the cable is connected with the lower steel tube 7. The upper steel pipe 6 is bound to the corresponding wave-blocking air bag 1 through a rope, so that the detachable connection of the wave-blocking device and the wave-blocking air bag 1 is realized. The open area of the wave-blocking curtain 3 can be adjusted according to the actual wave conditions. In the present embodiment, the through holes 31 are circular, and the open area ratio of each wave-blocking curtain 3 is 11.8%.
The wave curtain 3 is vertically hung on the wave-stopping air bag 1 by the gravity of the hanging block 5, and the arrangement can allow the wave curtain 3 to swing under the action of waves, thereby reducing the concentrated rigid stress of the wave-resisting curtain 3, reducing the possibility of the wave-resisting curtain 3 being damaged by stress, avoiding the damage of the wave-resisting structure, the cable and the hanging block 5 are used as the downward extension structure of the wave-blocking curtain 3, so that the problem that the traditional floating breakwater design for reducing underwater waves usually adopts overlong wave-blocking plates, the rotation radius of the underwater structure of the floating breakwater is too large, the underwater structure is easy to swing under the action of waves to generate radiation waves is solved, therefore, the wave protection effect is influenced, the possibility of structural instability caused by the stress damage of the breakwater structure is reduced as much as possible through the structural design, compared with the traditional floating breakwater, the structural stress and wave dissipation principle of the invention is more reasonable in design, and the durability and reliability of the breakwater structure are greatly improved. In order to ensure that the wave-shielding curtains 3 can be perpendicular to the water surface to spread the maximum area for wave-shielding, in one embodiment, the number of the pendants arranged on each wave-shielding curtain 3 is at least two. In one embodiment, the hanging block 5 is made of metal or cement.
The anchoring device is connected with the wave-stopping air bag 1, is positioned in the sea area below the wave-stopping air bag 1 and is used for anchoring the position of the wave-stopping air bag 1 on the sea surface, so that the breakwater is positioned, and the motion response amplitude of the breakwater in the working process is reduced. In one embodiment, the anchoring device comprises a second cable 8 and an anchor block 9, the second cable 8 being connected at its top end to the wave-breaking airbag 1 and at its bottom end to the anchor block 9. Preferably, the number of the anchoring devices is six, the six anchoring devices are two groups, and the two groups of the anchoring devices are respectively connected with the two wave-stopping airbags 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the structure design is simple, when the wave-blocking air bag 1 and the plate-shaped air bag 2 are not inflated, the wave-blocking air bag 1, the plate-shaped air bag 2 and the plurality of wave-blocking devices can be folded and stored, the required storage space is small, the transportation is convenient, when the wave-blocking air bag is used on site, the wave-blocking air bag can be used by inflating and splicing, the installation speed is high, and the wave-blocking air bag is particularly suitable for emergency situations needing temporary wave blocking and wave dissipation;
(2) the wave-blocking air bag 1 is used for eliminating waves by reflecting waves on the surface layer of a water body, the wave-blocking curtains 3 are distributed at a certain depth underwater, and a plurality of through holes 31 in the wave-blocking curtains 3 are used for interfering external wave trains such as waves and the like, so that turbulent water flow is generated underwater, the energy of underwater waves is effectively dissipated, and the surface layer of the water body of the breakwater and the wave-eliminating performance of the certain depth underwater waves are guaranteed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, so that any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention will still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The foldable floating breakwater is characterized by comprising two wave-blocking airbags, wherein a plurality of plate-shaped airbags are connected between the two wave-blocking airbags, the plate-shaped airbags are arranged along the length direction of the wave-blocking airbags at intervals, each wave-blocking airbag is detachably connected with a plurality of wave-blocking devices, the wave-blocking devices are arranged side by side along the length direction of the wave-blocking airbags, each wave-blocking device comprises two wave-blocking curtains symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the wave-blocking airbags, each wave-blocking curtain is provided with a plurality of through holes, each wave-blocking curtain is provided with a suspension device at the bottom end, each suspension device comprises a first cable and a hanging block, the top end of the first cable is connected with the wave-blocking curtains, the bottom end of the first cable is connected with the hanging block, and each wave-blocking airbag is connected with a plurality of anchoring devices.
2. The collapsible floating breakwater of claim 1, wherein the wave curtain is provided with an upper steel pipe at a top end thereof and a lower steel pipe at a bottom end thereof, and the cable is connected to the lower steel pipe at a top end thereof.
3. The collapsible floating breakwater of claim 1, wherein each of said wave curtains comprises at least two pendants.
4. The collapsible floating breakwater of claim 1, wherein said through holes are circular and each of said wave deflectors has an open area ratio of 11.8%.
5. The collapsible floating breakwater of claim 1, wherein the wave-arresting bladder, the plate bladder and the wave-arresting curtain are all made of a rubber material.
6. The foldable floating breakwater according to claim 5, wherein the plate-shaped air bag is provided at both ends thereof with mounting holes, respectively, and the wave-blocking air bag is in interference fit with the mounting holes.
7. The collapsible floating breakwater of claim 1, wherein the anchoring means comprises a secondary cable and an anchor block, the secondary cable being connected at a top end thereof to the wave-breaking bladder and at a bottom end thereof to the anchor block.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110264332.0A CN112854121A (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Foldable floating breakwater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110264332.0A CN112854121A (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Foldable floating breakwater |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112854121A true CN112854121A (en) | 2021-05-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110264332.0A Pending CN112854121A (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Foldable floating breakwater |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115247406A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-10-28 | 奕江山环境科技(北京)有限公司 | Wave-absorbing revetment desilting structure |
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2021
- 2021-03-11 CN CN202110264332.0A patent/CN112854121A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115247406A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-10-28 | 奕江山环境科技(北京)有限公司 | Wave-absorbing revetment desilting structure |
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