CN112853746A - Method for preparing flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film based on waste leather scrap hydrolysate - Google Patents
Method for preparing flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film based on waste leather scrap hydrolysate Download PDFInfo
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- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
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- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/02—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from cellulose, cellulose derivatives, or proteins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
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- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/10—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
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- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
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- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
- H05K9/009—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding comprising electro-conductive fibres, e.g. metal fibres, carbon fibres, metallised textile fibres, electro-conductive mesh, woven, non-woven mat, fleece, cross-linked
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- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film based on waste leather scraps hydrolysate, which solves the problems of poor flexibility and high density of a metal electromagnetic interference shielding material in the prior art, and has simple process, and the conductivity and the maximum electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the prepared flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film are obviously improved. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method comprises the steps of performing acidification dechroming and hydrolysis on wet blue leather waste produced in the leather making process to obtain waste leather waste hydrolysate, mixing the waste leather waste hydrolysate with polyvinyl alcohol, preparing a waste leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film through an electrostatic spinning method, dipping the waste leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film into a silver nanowire solution, and drying to obtain the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of flexible electronic materials, and relates to a method for preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film based on waste leather scrap hydrolysate.
Background art:
with the explosive development of communication and electronic devices, electromagnetic wave radiation pollution is attracting attention as it causes harm to living things including human beings. Therefore, the development of high performance emi shielding materials has become one of the current research hotspots. The metal material has the characteristics of good conductivity, high density, high rigidity and the like, can effectively reflect electromagnetic waves, and is always the preferred material for electromagnetic shielding. However, metal materials have poor flexibility and high density, and are difficult to meet the increasing demands of the emerging fields such as flexible electronic devices.
As a biomass material, the leather has wide source, good degradability and wide application. However, a large amount of leather waste is generated during the leather production process and is difficult to dispose of, and the conventional disposal method is incineration or landfill, which causes serious environmental problems, so it is necessary to properly dispose of the leather waste. Researchers hydrolyze waste leather scraps to obtain the collagen derivative which has good affinity and contains a plurality of ionizable groups, and the collagen derivative is beneficial to crosslinking modification of the collagen derivative to realize functionalization.
The silver nanowires have the characteristics of low resistivity, good conductivity, strong oxidation resistance, good flexibility and the like, and can be used as conductive fillers to improve the conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance of the nano composite material. Researchers often combine silver nanowires with nanocomposite materials to prepare flexible electromagnetic shielding materials by using in-situ methods, suction filtration methods, dipping methods, and the like.
Electrostatic spinning, as a relatively easy nanofiber preparation method, has the potential for large-scale continuous production of nanofibers. The prepared nanofiber membrane has a porous structure and a high specific surface area. Zhang et al prepared a lightweight, flexible PAN-PU (P @ Ni-Co) nanofiber membrane coated with Ni-Co alloy nanoparticles by combining an electrostatic spinning method and a chemical deposition method, and used the membrane as an effective electromagnetic interference shielding material.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a method for preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film based on waste leather scraps hydrolysate, which overcomes the problems of poor flexibility and high density of a metal electromagnetic interference shielding material in the prior art, and has the advantages of simple process and obviously improved conductivity and maximum electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the prepared flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film based on waste leather scraps hydrolysate is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of leather waste hydrolysate:
first pretreatment: weighing 25-30 g of sheepskin blue wet leather waste, adding 250-300 g of water, 12-15 g of sulfuric acid and 25-30 g of oxalic acid, stirring in a water bath at 30-35 ℃ for 6-7 h, performing suction filtration, collecting a product, and placing in a refrigerator for cold storage;
and (3) second pretreatment: adding 300-350 g of water, 16-20 g of sulfuric acid and 25-30 g of oxalic acid into the product collected after the first pretreatment, stirring in a water bath at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 6-7 h, performing suction filtration, collecting the product, and placing the product in a refrigerator for cold storage;
acid hydrolysis and extraction: adding 100-150 g of water and 9-12 g of glacial acetic acid into the product collected after the second pretreatment, stirring for 6-7 h in a water bath at 70-75 ℃ to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution, adding sodium chloride into the waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution for salting out, standing, collecting a waste leather scrap hydrolysate, and drying the waste leather scrap hydrolysate for later use;
(2) preparing a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film:
dissolving 0.1-0.3 g of waste leather scraps hydrolysate in 10-15 mL of formic acid, dissolving 0.1-0.3 g of polyvinyl alcohol in 10-15 mL of hot water, mixing 3-5 parts of waste leather scraps hydrolysate solution and 1-3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol solution to form uniform spinning solution, and then performing electrostatic spinning to obtain the waste leather scraps hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film;
(3) preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film:
soaking the leather scrap hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film in 8-10 wt% of silver nanowire dispersion liquid for 1-3 min, taking out the leather scrap hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film soaked with the silver nanowires, and drying in a drying oven at 50-70 ℃ to obtain the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film.
In the step (2), in the preparation of the waste leather scrap hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film, the electrostatic spinning conditions are as follows: the spinning solution is placed in a 10mL injector, the needle of the injector is 0.4-0.7 mm, the receiving screen is connected with a negative electrode through aluminum foil for receiving, and the distance between the needle and the receiving screen is 10-15 cm.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of leather waste hydrolysate:
first pretreatment: weighing 25g of sheep skin waste leather scraps, adding 250g of water, 12g of sulfuric acid and 25g of oxalic acid, stirring for 6 hours in a water bath at 35 ℃, performing suction filtration, collecting a product, and placing the product in a refrigerator for cold storage;
and (3) second pretreatment: adding 350g of water, 16g of sulfuric acid and 25g of oxalic acid into the product collected after the first pretreatment, stirring for 6 hours in a water bath at 35 ℃, performing suction filtration, collecting the product, and placing the product in a refrigerator for cold storage;
acid hydrolysis and extraction: adding 100g of water and 12g of glacial acetic acid into the product collected after the second pretreatment, stirring for 6 hours in a water bath at 75 ℃ to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution, adding sodium chloride into the waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution for salting out, extracting the precipitate, and drying to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysate;
(2) preparing a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film:
dissolving 0.1g of waste leather scraps hydrolysate in 10mL of formic acid, dissolving 0.1g of polyvinyl alcohol in 10mL of hot water, mixing 3 parts of waste leather scraps hydrolysate solution with 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol solution to form uniform spinning solution, and then performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a waste leather scraps hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film; the spinning conditions were: putting the spinning solution into a 10mL injector, wherein the needle head of the injector is 0.5mm, the jet flow rate in the electrostatic spinning process is 0.1mL/h, the receiving screen adopts aluminum foil to receive the spinning solution by connecting a negative electrode, and the distance between the needle head and the receiving screen is 15 cm;
(3) preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding film:
soaking the leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film in 8 wt% silver nanowire dispersion liquid for 3min, taking out the leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film, and drying in a 60 ℃ oven to obtain the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of leather waste hydrolysate:
first pretreatment: weighing 30g of sheep skin waste leather scraps, adding 300g of water, 15g of sulfuric acid and 20g of oxalic acid, stirring for 6 hours in a water bath at 35 ℃, performing suction filtration, collecting a product, and placing the product in a refrigerator for cold storage;
and (3) second pretreatment: adding 350g of water, 16g of sulfuric acid and 30g of oxalic acid into the product collected after the first pretreatment, stirring for 7 hours in a water bath at 35 ℃, performing suction filtration, collecting the product, and placing the product in a refrigerator for cold storage;
acid hydrolysis and extraction: adding 150g of water and 12g of glacial acetic acid into the product collected after the second pretreatment, stirring for 7 hours in a water bath at 75 ℃ to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution, adding sodium chloride into the waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution for salting out, extracting the precipitate, and drying to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysate;
(2) preparing a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film:
dissolving 0.15g of waste leather scraps hydrolysate in 12mL of formic acid, dissolving 0.15g of polyvinyl alcohol in 12mL of hot water, mixing 2 parts of waste leather scraps hydrolysate solution and 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol solution to form uniform spinning solution, and then performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a waste leather scraps hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film; the spinning conditions were: putting the spinning solution into a 10mL injector, wherein the needle head of the injector is 0.5mm, the jet flow rate in the electrostatic spinning process is 0.1mL/h, the receiving screen adopts aluminum foil to receive the spinning solution by connecting a negative electrode, and the distance between the needle head and the receiving screen is 15 cm;
(3) preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding film:
immersing the leather scrap hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film in silver nanowire dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 10 wt% for 3min, taking out the leather scrap hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film, and drying in a 60 ℃ drying oven to obtain the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film prepared by the invention can be applied to flexible electronic devices, can protect the normal operation of circuits and equipment, and has wide application in the field of flexible electronics. Meanwhile, a new idea is provided for resource utilization of the leather-making waste scraps.
2. The method recycles the blue wet leather waste scraps generated in the leather making process, has simple process, and can prepare the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film with the conductivity of 100s/cm and the maximum electromagnetic shielding efficiency of 46 dB.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a digital photograph of a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film prepared by electrospinning;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film prepared by electrostatic spinning;
fig. 3 is a graph of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The implementation conditions used in the examples can be further adjusted according to the specific experimental environment, and the implementation conditions not mentioned are generally the conditions in routine experiments.
The invention relates to a preparation method for preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film based on a waste leather scrap hydrolysate. According to the invention, wet blue leather waste produced in the leather making process is subjected to dechroming and hydrolysis by an acidification method to obtain a waste leather waste hydrolysate, the waste leather waste hydrolysate and polyvinyl alcohol are mixed with polyvinyl alcohol to prepare a waste leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film by an electrostatic spinning method, the waste leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film is immersed in a silver nanowire solution, and the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film is obtained after drying.
The specific technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of leather waste hydrolysate:
first pretreatment: weighing 25-30 g of sheepskin blue wet leather waste, adding 250-300 g of water, 12-15 g of sulfuric acid and 25-30 g of oxalic acid, stirring in a water bath at 30-35 ℃ for 6-7 h, performing suction filtration, collecting a product, and placing in a refrigerator for cold storage;
and (3) second pretreatment: adding 300-350 g of water, 16-20 g of sulfuric acid and 25-30 g of oxalic acid into the product collected after the first pretreatment, stirring in a water bath at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 6-7 h, performing suction filtration, collecting the product, and placing the product in a refrigerator for cold storage;
acid hydrolysis and extraction: adding 100-150 g of water and 9-12 g of glacial acetic acid into the product collected after the second pretreatment, stirring for 6-7 h in a water bath at 70-75 ℃ to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution, adding sodium chloride into the waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution for salting out, standing, collecting a waste leather scrap hydrolysate, and drying the waste leather scrap hydrolysate for later use;
(2) preparing a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film:
dissolving 0.1-0.3 g of waste leather scraps hydrolysate in 10-15 mL of formic acid, dissolving 0.1-0.3 g of polyvinyl alcohol in 10-15 mL of hot water, mixing 3-5 parts of waste leather scraps hydrolysate solution and 1-3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol solution to form uniform spinning solution, and then performing electrostatic spinning to obtain the waste leather scraps hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film; the electrostatic spinning conditions were: the spinning solution is placed in a 10mL injector, the needle of the injector is 0.4-0.7 mm, the receiving screen is connected with a negative electrode through aluminum foil for receiving, and the distance between the needle and the receiving screen is 10-15 cm.
(3) Preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film:
soaking the leather scrap hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film in 8-10 wt% of silver nanowire dispersion liquid for 1-3 min, taking out the leather scrap hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film soaked with the silver nanowires, and drying in a drying oven at 50-70 ℃ to obtain the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film.
Example 1:
(1) preparation of leather waste hydrolysate:
first pretreatment: 25g of sheep skin waste leather scraps are weighed, then 250g of water, 12g of sulfuric acid and 25g of oxalic acid are added, the mixture is stirred for 6 hours in a water bath at the temperature of 35 ℃, and products are collected by suction filtration and placed in a refrigerator for refrigeration and preservation.
And (3) second pretreatment: and adding 350g of water, 16g of sulfuric acid and 25g of oxalic acid into the product collected after the first pretreatment, stirring for 6 hours in a water bath at 35 ℃, filtering, collecting the product, and refrigerating and storing in a refrigerator.
Acid hydrolysis and extraction: adding 100g of water and 12g of glacial acetic acid into the product collected after the second pretreatment, stirring for 6 hours in a water bath at 75 ℃ to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution, adding sodium chloride into the waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution for salting out, extracting the precipitate, and drying to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysate.
(2) Preparing a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film:
0.1g of waste leather scraps hydrolysate is dissolved in 10mL of formic acid, 0.1g of polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in 10mL of hot water, 3 parts of waste leather scraps hydrolysate solution and 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol solution are mixed to form uniform spinning solution, and then electrostatic spinning is carried out to prepare the waste leather scraps hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber membrane. Spinning conditions are as follows: the spinning solution is placed in a 10mL injector, the needle of the injector is 0.5mm, the jet flow rate in the electrostatic spinning process is 0.1mL/h, the receiving screen adopts aluminum foil to receive the spinning solution by connecting a negative electrode, and the distance between the needle and the receiving screen is 15 cm.
(3) Preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding film:
the method comprises the steps of dipping a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film in a silver nanowire dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 8 wt% for 3min, taking out the leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film, and drying the leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film in a drying oven at 60 ℃ to obtain a flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film, wherein the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film is shown in figure 3, and the maximum electromagnetic shielding effectiveness can reach 46 dB. FIG. 1 is a digital photograph of a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film prepared by electrospinning; FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film prepared by electrostatic spinning.
Example 2:
(1) preparation of leather waste hydrolysate:
first pretreatment: 30g of sheep skin waste leather scraps are weighed, then 300g of water, 15g of sulfuric acid and 20g of oxalic acid are added, the mixture is stirred for 6 hours in a water bath at the temperature of 35 ℃, and products are collected by suction filtration and placed in a refrigerator for refrigeration and preservation.
And (3) second pretreatment: and adding 350g of water, 16g of sulfuric acid and 30g of oxalic acid into the product collected after the first pretreatment, stirring for 7 hours in a water bath at 35 ℃, filtering, collecting the product, and refrigerating and storing in a refrigerator.
Acid hydrolysis and extraction: adding 150g of water and 12g of glacial acetic acid into the product collected after the second pretreatment, stirring for 7 hours in a water bath at 75 ℃ to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution, adding sodium chloride into the waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution for salting out, extracting the precipitate, and drying to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysate.
(2) Preparing a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film:
0.15g of waste leather waste hydrolysate is dissolved in 12mL of formic acid, 0.15g of polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in 12mL of hot water, 2 parts of waste leather waste hydrolysate solution and 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol solution are mixed to form uniform spinning solution, and then electrostatic spinning is carried out to prepare the waste leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber membrane. Spinning conditions are as follows: the spinning solution is placed in a 10mL injector, the needle of the injector is 0.5mm, the jet flow rate in the electrostatic spinning process is 0.1mL/h, the receiving screen adopts aluminum foil to receive the spinning solution by connecting a negative electrode, and the distance between the needle and the receiving screen is 15 cm.
(3) Preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding film:
soaking the leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film in silver nanowire dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 10 wt% for 3min, taking out the leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film, and drying the leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film in a drying oven at 60 ℃ to obtain the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film based on waste leather scraps hydrolysate is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of leather waste hydrolysate:
first pretreatment: weighing 25-30 g of sheepskin blue wet leather waste, adding 250-300 g of water, 12-15 g of sulfuric acid and 25-30 g of oxalic acid, stirring in a water bath at 30-35 ℃ for 6-7 h, performing suction filtration, collecting a product, and placing in a refrigerator for cold storage;
and (3) second pretreatment: adding 300-350 g of water, 16-20 g of sulfuric acid and 25-30 g of oxalic acid into the product collected after the first pretreatment, stirring in a water bath at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 6-7 h, performing suction filtration, collecting the product, and placing the product in a refrigerator for cold storage;
acid hydrolysis and extraction: adding 100-150 g of water and 9-12 g of glacial acetic acid into the product collected after the second pretreatment, stirring for 6-7 h in a water bath at 70-75 ℃ to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution, adding sodium chloride into the waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution for salting out, standing, collecting a waste leather scrap hydrolysate, and drying the waste leather scrap hydrolysate for later use;
(2) preparing a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film:
dissolving 0.1-0.3 g of waste leather scraps hydrolysate in 10-15 mL of formic acid, dissolving 0.1-0.3 g of polyvinyl alcohol in 10-15 mL of hot water, mixing 3-5 parts of waste leather scraps hydrolysate solution and 1-3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol solution to form uniform spinning solution, and then performing electrostatic spinning to obtain the waste leather scraps hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film;
(3) preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film:
soaking the leather scrap hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film in 8-10 wt% of silver nanowire dispersion liquid for 1-3 min, taking out the leather scrap hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film soaked with the silver nanowires, and drying in a drying oven at 50-70 ℃ to obtain the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film.
2. The method for preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber membrane based on the leather waste hydrolysate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), in the preparation of the waste leather scrap hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film, the electrostatic spinning conditions are as follows: the spinning solution is placed in a 10mL injector, the needle of the injector is 0.4-0.7 mm, the receiving screen is connected with a negative electrode through aluminum foil for receiving, and the distance between the needle and the receiving screen is 10-15 cm.
3. The method for preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber membrane based on the leather waste hydrolysate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of leather waste hydrolysate:
first pretreatment: weighing 25g of sheep skin waste leather scraps, adding 250g of water, 12g of sulfuric acid and 25g of oxalic acid, stirring for 6 hours in a water bath at 35 ℃, performing suction filtration, collecting a product, and placing the product in a refrigerator for cold storage;
and (3) second pretreatment: adding 350g of water, 16g of sulfuric acid and 25g of oxalic acid into the product collected after the first pretreatment, stirring for 6 hours in a water bath at 35 ℃, performing suction filtration, collecting the product, and placing the product in a refrigerator for cold storage;
acid hydrolysis and extraction: adding 100g of water and 12g of glacial acetic acid into the product collected after the second pretreatment, stirring for 6 hours in a water bath at 75 ℃ to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution, adding sodium chloride into the waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution for salting out, extracting the precipitate, and drying to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysate;
(2) preparing a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film:
dissolving 0.1g of waste leather scraps hydrolysate in 10mL of formic acid, dissolving 0.1g of polyvinyl alcohol in 10mL of hot water, mixing 3 parts of waste leather scraps hydrolysate solution with 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol solution to form uniform spinning solution, and then performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a waste leather scraps hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film; the spinning conditions were: putting the spinning solution into a 10mL injector, wherein the needle head of the injector is 0.5mm, the jet flow rate in the electrostatic spinning process is 0.1mL/h, the receiving screen adopts aluminum foil to receive the spinning solution by connecting a negative electrode, and the distance between the needle head and the receiving screen is 15 cm;
(3) preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding film:
soaking the leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film in 8 wt% silver nanowire dispersion liquid for 3min, taking out the leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film, and drying in a 60 ℃ oven to obtain the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film.
4. The method for preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber membrane based on the leather waste hydrolysate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of leather waste hydrolysate:
first pretreatment: weighing 30g of sheep skin waste leather scraps, adding 300g of water, 15g of sulfuric acid and 20g of oxalic acid, stirring for 6 hours in a water bath at 35 ℃, performing suction filtration, collecting a product, and placing the product in a refrigerator for cold storage;
and (3) second pretreatment: adding 350g of water, 16g of sulfuric acid and 30g of oxalic acid into the product collected after the first pretreatment, stirring for 7 hours in a water bath at 35 ℃, performing suction filtration, collecting the product, and placing the product in a refrigerator for cold storage;
acid hydrolysis and extraction: adding 150g of water and 12g of glacial acetic acid into the product collected after the second pretreatment, stirring for 7 hours in a water bath at 75 ℃ to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution, adding sodium chloride into the waste leather scrap hydrolysis solution for salting out, extracting the precipitate, and drying to obtain a waste leather scrap hydrolysate;
(2) preparing a leather waste hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film:
dissolving 0.15g of waste leather scraps hydrolysate in 12mL of formic acid, dissolving 0.15g of polyvinyl alcohol in 12mL of hot water, mixing 2 parts of waste leather scraps hydrolysate solution and 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol solution to form uniform spinning solution, and then performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a waste leather scraps hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film; the spinning conditions were: putting the spinning solution into a 10mL injector, wherein the needle head of the injector is 0.5mm, the jet flow rate in the electrostatic spinning process is 0.1mL/h, the receiving screen adopts aluminum foil to receive the spinning solution by connecting a negative electrode, and the distance between the needle head and the receiving screen is 15 cm;
(3) preparing a flexible electromagnetic shielding film:
immersing the leather scrap hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film in silver nanowire dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 10 wt% for 3min, taking out the leather scrap hydrolysate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber film, and drying in a 60 ℃ drying oven to obtain the flexible electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film.
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