CN112852046A

CN112852046A - Preparation method of modified plastic

Info

Publication number: CN112852046A
Application number: CN202110265383.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐海峰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Zhejiang Tuopu Daily Necessities Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-11
Filing date: 2021-03-11
Publication date: 2021-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-11
Also published as: CN112852046B

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of modified plastic, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a resin material blend (2), burdening according to parts by weight (3), and conveying all burdening into a double-screw extruder through a precision feeding device; the precision feeding device mentioned in (3) above includes an installation base, a plurality of storage barrels detachably installed on the installation base, a feeding pipe disposed above the storage barrels, a support barrel fixedly connected to the installation base, a stirring mechanism fixedly connected to the support barrel, a feeding mechanism disposed on the upper portion of the support barrel, a power device disposed on the upper portion of the support barrel, and a discharging hole disposed on the lower portion of the stirring mechanism; the special precise feeding device is arranged, so that the weight ratio of multi-component materials can be automatically carried out, the metering error is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Preparation method of modified plastic

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plastic processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of modified plastic.

Background

Plastics (plastics) refers to a Plastic (flexible) material formed by processing and molding a synthetic resin having a high molecular weight as a main component, adding appropriate additives such as plasticizers, stabilizers, flame retardants, antibacterial agents, colorants, etc., or a rigid material formed by curing and crosslinking. As the use of plastics is becoming more and more widespread, so is the variety of plastic articles. The fields of application and the territory of plastics are becoming more and more widespread due to the properties exhibited by plastics themselves, such as lightness, excellent chemical stability and electrical insulation, and poor thermal conductors. The use temperature range of the plastic products used at present is narrow, and the plastic products are limited to be used in areas with large temperature difference. Along with the change of seasons, the temperature difference between winter and summer is large in some areas, the temperature in summer is very high, plastic products are easy to soften, and the plastic products become very hard and brittle at about minus 30 ℃ in winter.

Polyethylene is one of five synthetic resins, and is classified into high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene and linear low density polyethylene according to polymerization methods, molecular weights and chain structures. In industry, copolymers of ethylene with small amounts of alpha-olefins are also included. The polyethylene is odorless and nontoxic, feels like wax, has excellent low-temperature resistance (the lowest use temperature can reach-100 to-70 ℃), has good chemical stability, and can resist corrosion of most of acid and alkali (cannot resist acid with oxidation property).

The modified plastic belongs to an intermediate product in a petrochemical industry chain, is mainly processed by taking five general plastics and five engineering plastics as plastic matrixes, and has the characteristics of flame retardance, impact resistance, high toughness, easy processability and the like. The modified plastic is a plastic product which is processed by filling, blending, reinforcing and other methods on the basis of general plastics and engineering plastics and has improved flame retardance, strength, impact resistance, toughness and other aspects. The low-temperature resistant plastic in the prior art is modified by adopting polyethylene as a main raw material, but with the addition of a flame retardant, the impact toughness and the thermal stability of the low-temperature resistant modified plastic in the prior art are obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the forming processability is influenced, and particularly, a series of problems such as glue shortage, gas decomposition marks, workpiece embrittlement and the like are easy to occur when a large workpiece or a thin-wall workpiece is formed.

In the preparation process of modified plastics, many materials are proportioned according to mass ratio, but the physical properties of various materials and additives are different greatly, the existing equipment cannot automatically perform mass proportioning through a machine, the mass of the materials is often required to be calculated manually and converted into volume proportioning, the materials are stirred and mixed before being fed according to calculated data before being fed, and finally, feeding is performed, so that manpower is greatly consumed, meanwhile, additional stirring equipment is required, procedures are increased invisibly, the cost is improved, and the efficiency is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of modified plastic, which can solve the problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation method of modified plastic comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a resin material blend, namely mixing polyethylene resin, ABS resin and polystyrene resin according to the mass ratio (8-10): (3-6): (1-3) uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding a compatilizer accounting for 2.5-4% of the mass of the mixture, carrying out melt blending at the temperature of 215-230 ℃, and then carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain a resin material blend; the ABS resin is prepared by a bulk polymerization method and has viscosity average molecular weight of 90000-130000, the rubber content formed by butadiene in the ABS resin is 7-15 wt.%, the chain segment content formed by acrylonitrile is 8-25 wt.%, the rest is the chain segment formed by styrene, and the number average particle diameter of the rubber formed by butadiene in the ABS resin is 100-150 nm;

(2) the formula comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 83 to 91 parts of the resin material blend

7.5-9 parts of composite flame-retardant system, 0.2-0.5 part of nano tin antimony oxide, 0.5-1.5 parts of antioxidant, 1.5-3 parts of flexibilizer, 0.5-0.8 part of antibacterial agent, 2.5-4 parts of anti-cracking agent and 0.2-0.5 part of weather-resistant agent;

(3) conveying all the ingredients into a double-screw extruder through a precision feeding device;

the temperature of the mixed material in each section of the double-screw extruder is respectively as follows: the first zone is 200-210 ℃, the second zone is 210-220 ℃, the third zone is 220-230 ℃, the fourth zone is 220-230 ℃, the fifth zone is 210-220 ℃, the sixth zone is 200-210 ℃, the seventh zone is 190-200 ℃, the eighth zone is 220-230 ℃, the ninth zone is 220-230 ℃, the tenth zone is 200-210 ℃, the length-diameter ratio of the double-screw extruder is 30-45: 1, the rotating speed of a screw is 400-600r/min, materials are fully melted and compounded under the shearing, mixing and conveying of the screw, and then the materials are extruded, granulated and dried to obtain low-temperature-resistant modified plastic;

the precision feeding device mentioned in (3) above includes an installation base, a plurality of storage barrels detachably installed on the installation base, a feeding pipe disposed above the storage barrels, a support barrel fixedly connected to the installation base, a stirring mechanism fixedly connected to the support barrel, a feeding device disposed on the upper portion of the support barrel, a power device disposed on the upper portion of the support barrel, and a discharging hole disposed on the lower portion of the stirring mechanism; the materials are respectively stored in the discharge barrel, the power device is started, the feeding device extracts and distributes the quality of the materials, further, the stirring mechanism mixes the materials, and the mixed materials are output from the discharge hole.

The main material level ternary mixed resin material has good low-temperature resistance, the mechanical property of the modified plastic is improved by introducing ABS resin into the polyethylene resin, the defect of poor solvent resistance of the ABS resin is overcome by using a compatilizer with specific components, and the low-temperature impact resistance of the modified plastic is greatly improved by introducing the polystyrene resin; meanwhile, a special precise feeding device is arranged, so that a multi-material premixing process before feeding can be omitted, the working process is simplified, the working efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved.

The storage cylinder comprises a storage bin, a material guide plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage bin, a material guide inclined plane arranged on the upper part of the material guide plate, a fixed cover fixedly connected to the upper part of the storage cylinder, a movable cover rotatably connected to the fixed cover, a dredging hole arranged on the wall of the storage cylinder and a feeding pipe slidably connected to the fixed cover; the material bin is provided with the plurality of material bins, the movable cover is opened upwards, each material additive can be stored independently, the movable cover is put down, negative pressure synchronous feeding of various materials can be carried out through the feeding pipe, large-batch premixing of the materials is not needed, each material can be recycled even though the material redundancy is still achieved, the material redundancy risk caused by mixing in advance is reduced, and the effective utilization rate of the materials is improved; the material guide inclined plane can guide materials, so that the materials are automatically gathered to the bottom of the feeding pipe, and the materials are clamped and conveyed; the dredging hole can keep the air pressure in the storage cylinder stable under the state that the movable cover is closed, so that negative pressure adsorption can be continuously performed, and meanwhile, the opening on the side edge can reduce the accumulation of dust in the storage cylinder, so that the purity of the material is kept.

The power device comprises a working motor fixedly connected to the supporting cylinder, an upper output shaft rotatably connected to the rotating motor, a rotating bin arranged below the working motor, a balance bin communicated with the rotating bin and the outside, an air suction fan fixedly connected to the upper output shaft and rotatably connected to the rotating bin, a ventilating plate fixedly connected to the supporting cylinder, a ventilating hole arranged in the ventilating plate, a plurality of buffer bins arranged at the lower part of the ventilating plate, a flow guide bin arranged at the lower part of the buffer bins and a plurality of material collecting bins arranged at the lower part of the buffer bins; the working motor rotates to drive the output shaft to rotate, the exhaust fan is further driven to rotate, airflow is driven to flow to the outside from the rotating bin and the product constant bin, the air pressure in the rotating bin is reduced, the airflow in the diversion bin and the buffer bin starts to continuously flow to the rotating bin through the vent holes and is exhausted, the air pressure in the diversion bin is continuously reduced, negative pressure is generated in the feeding pipe, the airflow drives materials to ascend along the feeding pipe together, the materials reach the diversion bin, the space is enlarged, the gas flow is slowed down, and the materials fall into the material collecting bin under the action of gravity; the rotation through the fan realizes the material loading when a plurality of materials, realizes volumetric expansion through the water conservancy diversion storehouse to reduce the gas flow rate, make the material fall into the realization gas-object separation in the storehouse of collection by oneself under the effect of gravity.

The feeding mechanism comprises a bracket fixedly connected with the supporting cylinder, a plurality of calibration rods slidably connected with the bracket, a sealing bottom plate fixedly connected with the lower part of the calibration rods, a communication hole arranged at the lower part of the bracket, a sealing plate fixedly connected with the upper part of the calibration rods, a plurality of calibration holes arranged on the bracket, a quantifying mechanism arranged in the calibration holes, and a baffle fixedly connected with the lower part of the buffer bin, the device comprises a pressure plate, a pressure spring, a rotary groove, a rotary ring, a plurality of first magnetic blocks, a second magnetic block, a drive plate, a drive rail and a plurality of return springs, wherein the pressure plate is connected to a baffle plate in a sliding manner; the calibration plate comprises a main calibration plate and a plurality of auxiliary calibration plates; the main calibration plate comprises a connecting rod fixedly connected to the lower part of the sealing plate and a driving pin fixedly connected to the connecting rod; the drive pin slides in the drive track; the main material resin material blend is calibrated by a main calibration rod, other additives are calibrated by an auxiliary calibration rod, the proportional mass of each material is set by a quantifying mechanism, after the material loading is started, the materials in a material collecting bin are gradually accumulated and generate pressure on a sealing bottom plate, when the materials in the material collecting bin reach a certain amount, the sealing bottom plate is driven to move downwards, the auxiliary calibration rod is further driven to move downwards until the lower surface of the auxiliary calibration rod is contacted with the upper surface of a pressure plate, the auxiliary calibration rod stops moving under the action of a pressure spring, at the moment, a sealing plate is positioned at the lower part of a communicating hole but is not communicated with a stirring mechanism, but because the sealing plate is buckled with the pressure plate at the moment, the air flow cannot pass through, the gas flow in a corresponding diversion bin is greatly slowed down, the materials cannot be adsorbed by the action of negative pressure, the corresponding material loading pipe stops the material loading, and the corresponding material collecting bin keeps certain material mass, similarly, after other material collecting bins reach certain quality, the corresponding auxiliary calibration rods drive the sealing plate and the sealing bottom plate to descend, and the continuous feeding is stopped, because the main material resin material blend is in more demand and is often finished at last, when the main material reaches certain collecting quality, the sealing bottom plate is driven to descend, the main calibration rods descend, further, the sealing plate descends to be buckled with the pressure plates, meanwhile, the sealing plate drives the connecting rods to descend to drive the driving pins to descend, the driving pins slide in the driving tracks to drive the rotary rings to rotate, further, the upper and lower positions of the first magnetic blocks and the second magnetic blocks are correspondingly superposed, under the action of magnetic force, the plurality of pressure plates are driven to descend, the pressure springs are compressed, the main calibration rods and the auxiliary calibration rods further descend to be communicated with the stirring mechanism, and the materials in the material collecting bins start to be gradually discharged until the main material is discharged, under the action of the pressure spring, the quantitative mechanism and the return spring, the main calibration rod rises to the original position, and the auxiliary calibration rod rises to the original position; the air inlet and the material outlet are synchronously controlled through the calibration rod, so that the feeding can be stopped in time after the calibrated mass is reached, and the metering accuracy of the mass of the material is ensured; the rotary ring is arranged, so that the linkage of the main meter ejector rod and the auxiliary calibration rod is realized, the uniform discharge of all materials after the materials reach the rated quality is realized, the accurate proportioning of the materials is ensured, and the materials are mixed in time; when gathering materials by the collection feed bin in advance, the demarcation pole can drive the air current flow that the board will correspond and block, because the power of work motor is certain, the required air current of suction fan can distribute other collection feed bins of not accomplishing the collection material, leads to the air current velocity of flow to increase in the water conservancy diversion storehouse that corresponds and the material loading pipe, and the material loading speed accelerates to improve the speed of gathering materials, formed positive feedback adjustment mechanism.

The quantitative mechanism comprises a lifting thread arranged in the calibration hole, a pressure bolt rotatably connected to the calibration hole, a telescopic hole arranged in the pressure bolt, a calibration spring connected to the telescopic hole and the sealing plate, a driven bevel gear slidably connected to the pressure bolt, a driving bevel gear meshed with the driven bevel gear, a driving rod fixedly connected to the driving bevel gear, and an adjusting knob fixedly connected to the driving rod; the adjusting knob is rotated, the driving bevel gear is driven to rotate through the driving rod, the driven bevel gear is further driven to rotate, the pressure bolt is driven to rotate, the pressure bolt rises under the action of the threads, the calibration spring is lengthened, and the tension required by the descending of the calibration rod is increased; when the material loading is started, the mass of the required main material resin material blend is taken as a standard unit, and the added ingredients are adjusted according to the proportion; the material ratio can be flexibly adjusted, the quality of the material can be automatically calculated, manual calculation is not needed, the labor force is saved, and the processing efficiency is improved.

The stirring mechanism comprises a lower output shaft fixedly connected with the upper output shaft, an integration bin arranged at the lower part of the material collecting bin, and a hollow stirring paddle fixedly connected with the lower output shaft; the stirring rake can mix the material that falls in time to carry out real-time ejection of compact.

The composite flame retardant system comprises: the flame retardant is prepared by mixing tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (butoxyethyl) phosphate and tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and the mass ratio of the tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate to the flame retardant is 1: (1-2) and (1-4); the flame-retardant auxiliary agent is one or a mixture of more of antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide, zinc borate, ammonium octamolybdate and aluminum oxide; the heat stabilizer is one or a mixture of more of bisphenol A, hydrotalcite, a composite heat stabilizer and stearate; wherein the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the flame retardant auxiliary to the heat stabilizer is (8-10): (2-5): (0.5-1.5)

7. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the nano tin antimony oxide is treated according to the following process before use: placing nanometer antimony tin oxide in 40-50KHz ultrasonic cleaning instrument, and performing ultrasonic treatment with anhydrous ethanol for 30-50 min; after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, washing the mixture for 4 to 6 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the mixture at 70 to 80 ℃ to constant weight, wherein the compatilizer is one of styrene-acrylonitrile-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene grafted maleic anhydride polymer and polyacrylate-allyloxy glyceride comb polymer, the weather-resistant agent is TINUVIN 234, the anti-cracking agent is a hydrogenated block copolymer of styrene and butadiene, the toughening agent is a methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer prepared by an emulsion polymer method, the particle size of the methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer is 150-200nm, and the content of rubber formed by butadiene is 45 to 75 wt.%; the antioxidant is one or a mixture of N-isopropyl-N ' -phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N ' -phenyl-p-phenylenediamine and N, N ' -di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine; the antibacterial agent is any one or the combination of more than two of zinc oxide, copper oxide, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and lithium carbonate.

In summary, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the main material level ternary mixed resin material has good low-temperature resistance, the mechanical property of the modified plastic is improved by introducing ABS resin into the polyethylene resin, the defect of poor solvent resistance of the ABS resin is overcome by using a compatilizer with specific components, and the low-temperature impact resistance of the modified plastic is greatly improved by introducing the polystyrene resin;

(2) the composite flame-retardant system can keep good mechanical property of the plastic and has good flame-retardant property;

(3) the toughness and the weather resistance of the modified plastic are further improved by selecting proper weather resisting agent, toughening agent and anti-cracking agent, so that the applicable temperature direction of the modified plastic is greatly improved;

(4) the addition of the nano antimony tin oxide subjected to ultrasonic treatment can enhance the low-temperature resistance of the plastic and maintain the due service life and functions of the plastic; (5) by adding the antibacterial agent, the modified plastic has good antibacterial performance;

the precise feeding device capable of automatically performing mass proportioning is arranged, the working efficiency is obviously improved, the process is simplified, the proportioning of materials is more accurate, and the performance of modified plastics is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along a-a of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a first front view of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a second front view of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional perspective view along C-C of fig. 8.

Detailed Description

Example 1

A preparation method of modified plastic comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a resin material blend, namely mixing polyethylene resin, ABS resin and polystyrene resin according to a mass ratio of 10: 6: 3, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding a compatilizer accounting for 4% of the mass of the mixture, carrying out melt blending at 230 ℃, and then carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain a resin material blend; the ABS resin is prepared by a bulk polymerization method and has a viscosity average molecular weight of 130000, the rubber content formed by butadiene in the ABS resin is 15 wt.%, the chain segment content formed by acrylonitrile is 25 wt.%, and the rest is a chain segment formed by styrene, and the number average particle diameter of the rubber formed by butadiene in the ABS resin is 150 nm;

(2) the formula comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 91 parts of the above resin material blend

9 parts of composite flame retardant, 0.5 part of nano tin antimony oxide, 1.5 parts of antioxidant, 3 parts of toughening agent, 0.8 part of antibacterial agent, 4 parts of anti-cracking agent and 0.5 part of weather resistant agent;

the temperature of the mixed material in each section of the double-screw extruder is respectively as follows: a first zone 210 ℃, a second zone 220 ℃, a third zone 230 ℃, a fourth zone 230 ℃, a fifth zone 220 ℃, a sixth zone 210 ℃, a seventh zone 200 ℃, an eighth zone 230 ℃, a ninth zone 230 ℃, a tenth zone 210 ℃, and the length-diameter ratio of the twin-screw extruder is 45: 1, the rotating speed of a screw is 600r/min, materials are fully melted and compounded under the shearing, mixing and conveying of the screw, and then the materials are extruded, granulated and dried to obtain low-temperature-resistant modified plastic;

the precision feeding device mentioned in the above (3) includes an installation base 1, a storage barrel 2, a feeding pipe 11, a support barrel 12, a stirring mechanism 3, a feeding mechanism 4, a power device 5, and a discharge hole 13; the material storage cylinders 2 are detachably arranged on the mounting base 1; the feeding pipe 11 is arranged above the material storage barrel 2; the supporting cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 1; the stirring mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the supporting cylinder 12; the feeding mechanism 4 is arranged at the upper part of the supporting cylinder 12; the power device 5 is arranged at the upper part of the support cylinder 12; the discharge hole 13 is arranged at the lower part of the stirring mechanism 3; the materials are respectively stored in the discharge barrel, the power device 5 is started, the feeding mechanism 4 extracts and distributes the quality of the materials, further, the stirring mechanism 3 mixes the materials, and the mixed materials are output from the discharge hole 13.

The storage cylinder 2 comprises a storage bin 21, a material guide plate 22, a material guide inclined surface 23, a fixed cover 24, a movable cover 25, a dredging hole 26 and a feeding pipe 11; the material guide plate 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage bin 21; the material guide inclined plane 23 is arranged at the upper part of the material guide plate 22; the fixed cover 24 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the storage barrel 2; the movable cover 25 is rotatably connected to the fixed cover 24; the dredging hole 26 is arranged on the wall of the storage cylinder 2; the feeding pipe 11 is slidably connected to the fixed cover 24.

The power device 5 comprises a working motor 51, an upper output shaft 52, a rotating bin 53, a balance bin 54, an air extracting fan 55, a ventilating plate 56, a ventilating hole 57, a buffer bin 58, a diversion bin 59 and a material collecting bin 510; the working motor 51 is fixedly connected to the support cylinder 12; the upper output shaft 52 is rotatably connected to the working motor; the rotating bin 53 is arranged below the working motor 51; the balance bin 54 is communicated with the rotating bin 53 and the outside; the suction fan 55 is fixedly connected to the upper output shaft 52 and rotatably connected to the rotating bin 53; the ventilation plate 56 is fixedly connected to the support cylinder 12; the ventilation holes 57 are formed in the ventilation plate 56; five buffer bins 58 are arranged at the lower part of the ventilating plate 56; the diversion bin 59 is arranged at the lower part of the buffer bin 58; five aggregate bins 510 are arranged at the lower part of the buffer bin 58; work motor 51 rotates, drive the output shaft and rotate, further drive the extraction fan and rotate, it is external to drive the air current from rotating storehouse 53 and the permanent storehouse of article flow direction, the atmospheric pressure in rotating storehouse 53 reduces, air current in water conservancy diversion storehouse 59, the surge bin 58 begins to flow to rotating storehouse 53 through ventilation hole 57 constantly, and be discharged, air pressure constantly reduces in water conservancy diversion storehouse 59, produce the negative pressure in the material loading pipe 11, the air current drives the material and rises along the material loading pipe 11 together, the material reachs water conservancy diversion storehouse 59, the space grow, gas flow slows down, the material falls into in the aggregate bin 510 under the action of gravity.

The feeding mechanism 4 comprises a bracket 41, a calibration rod 42, a bottom sealing plate 43, a communication hole 44, a sealing plate 45, a calibration hole 46, a dosing mechanism 47, a baffle plate 48, a pressure plate 49, a pressure spring 410, a rotary groove 411, a rotary ring 412, a first magnetic block 413, a second magnetic block 414, a driving plate 415, a driving rail 416 and a return spring 417; the bracket 41 is fixedly connected to the support cylinder 12; the calibration rods 42 are slidably connected to the bracket 41 in total five; the bottom sealing plate 43 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the calibration rod 42; the communication hole 44 is provided at the lower portion of the holder 41; the sealing plate 45 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the calibration rod 42; five calibration holes 46 are arranged on the bracket 41; the quantitative mechanism 47 is arranged in the calibration hole 46; the baffle plate 48 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the surge bin 58; the pressure plate 49 is slidably connected to the baffle plate 48; the pressure spring 410 is arranged at the lower part of the pressure plate 49; the rotary groove 411 is arranged in the baffle plate 48; the revolving ring 412 is rotatably connected to the revolving groove 411; five first magnetic blocks 413 are fixedly connected to the rotating ring 412; the second magnetic block 414 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the pressure plate 49; the driving plate 415 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the slewing ring 412; the driving track 416 is disposed on the driving plate 415; five return springs 417 are arranged in the slewing ring 412; the calibration rod comprises a main calibration rod 421 and a plurality of auxiliary calibration rods 422; the main calibration lever 421 includes a connection lever 423, a drive pin 424; the connecting rod 423 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the sealing plate 45; the driving pin 424 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 423; the drive pin 424 slides in the drive track 416; the material drives the bottom sealing plate 43 to move downwards, drives the auxiliary calibration rod 422 to move downwards until the lower surface of the auxiliary calibration rod 422 contacts with the upper surface of the pressure plate 49, the auxiliary calibration rod 422 stops moving under the action of the pressure spring 410, at this time, the sealing plate is positioned at the lower part of the communicating hole 44 but is not communicated with the stirring mechanism 3, the auxiliary calibration rod 422 drives the sealing plate 45 and the bottom sealing plate 43 to descend, and the continuous feeding is stopped; after the materials reach a certain collection quality, the sealing bottom plate 43 is driven to descend, the main calibration rod 421 descends, the sealing plate 45 descends to be buckled with the pressure plate 49, meanwhile, the sealing plate 45 drives the connecting rod 423 to descend to drive the driving pin 424 to descend, the driving pin 424 slides in the driving track 416 to drive the rotary ring 412 to rotate, the first magnetic block 413 and the second magnetic block 414 are correspondingly overlapped in the vertical position, the pressure plates 49 are driven to descend under the action of magnetic force, the pressure spring 410 is compressed, the main calibration rod 421 and the auxiliary calibration rod 422 further descend to be communicated with the stirring mechanism 3, the materials in the material collecting bin 510 start to be gradually unloaded until the main materials are completely unloaded, the main calibration rod 421 ascends to the original position, and the auxiliary calibration rod 422 ascends to the original position under the action of the pressure spring 410, the quantifying mechanism 47 and the reset spring 417.

The quantitative mechanism 47 comprises a lifting thread 471, a pressure bolt 472, a telescopic hole 473, a calibration spring 474, a driven helical gear 475, a driving helical gear 476, a driving rod 477 and an adjusting knob 478; the lifting screw 471 is arranged in the calibration hole 46; the pressure bolt 472 is rotatably connected to the calibration hole 46; the telescopic hole 473 is provided in the pressure bolt 472; the calibration spring 474 is connected to the telescopic hole 473 and the sealing plate 45; the driven helical gear 475 is slidably coupled to the pressure bolt 472; the driving bevel gear 476 is engaged with the driven bevel gear 475; the drive rod 477 is fixedly connected to the drive bevel gear 476; the adjustment knob 478 is fixedly coupled to the drive rod 477; the adjusting knob 478 is rotated to drive the driving bevel gear 476 to rotate through the driving rod 477, the driven bevel gear 475 is further driven to rotate, the pressure bolt 472 is driven to rotate, the pressure bolt 472 rises under the action of the threads, the calibration spring 474 is lengthened, and the pulling force required by the descending of the calibration rod 42 is increased.

The stirring mechanism 3 comprises a lower output shaft 31, an integration bin 32 and a stirring paddle; the lower output shaft 31 is fixedly connected to the upper output shaft 52; the integration bin 32 is arranged at the lower part of the aggregate bin 510; the hollow stirring paddle 33 is fixedly connected to the lower output shaft 31.

Before the nanometer tin antimony oxide is used, the nanometer tin antimony oxide is treated according to the following process: placing nanometer antimony tin oxide in 40-50KHz ultrasonic cleaning instrument, and performing ultrasonic treatment with anhydrous ethanol for 30-50 min; after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, washing the mixture for 4 to 6 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the mixture at 70 to 80 ℃ to constant weight, wherein the compatilizer is one of styrene-acrylonitrile-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene grafted maleic anhydride polymer and polyacrylate-allyloxy glyceride comb polymer, the weather-resistant agent is TINUVIN 234, the anti-cracking agent is a hydrogenated block copolymer of styrene and butadiene, the toughening agent is a methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer prepared by an emulsion polymer method, the particle size of the methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer is 150-200nm, and the content of rubber formed by butadiene is 45 to 75 wt.%; the antioxidant is one or a mixture of N-isopropyl-N ' -phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N ' -phenyl-p-phenylenediamine and N, N ' -di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine; the antibacterial agent is any one or the combination of more than two of zinc oxide, copper oxide, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and lithium carbonate.

Example 2

A preparation method of modified plastic comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a resin material blend, namely mixing polyethylene resin, ABS resin and polystyrene resin according to a mass ratio of 9: 5: 2, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding a compatilizer accounting for 3% of the mass of the mixture, carrying out melt blending at 220 ℃, and then carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain a resin material blend; the ABS resin is prepared by a bulk polymerization method and has a viscosity average molecular weight of 110000, the rubber content formed by butadiene in the ABS resin is 11 wt.%, the chain segment content formed by acrylonitrile is 16 wt.%, the rest is the chain segment formed by styrene, and the number average particle diameter of the rubber formed by butadiene in the ABS resin is 120 nm;

(2) the formula comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 87 parts of the above resin material blend

8 parts of composite flame retardant, 0.4 part of nano tin antimony oxide, 1.0 part of antioxidant, 2 parts of toughening agent, 0.6 part of antibacterial agent, 3 parts of anti-cracking agent and 0.4 part of weather resistant agent;

the temperature of the mixed material in each section of the double-screw extruder is respectively as follows: the first zone is 205 ℃, the second zone is 210-: 1, the rotating speed of a screw is 500r/min, materials are fully melted and compounded under the shearing, mixing and conveying of the screw, and then the materials are extruded, granulated and dried to obtain low-temperature-resistant modified plastic;

the structure of the precision feeding device in the above (3) is the same as that in embodiment 1, and is not described again.

Example 3

A preparation method of modified plastic comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a resin material blend, namely mixing polyethylene resin, ABS resin and polystyrene resin according to a mass ratio of 8: 3: 1, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding a compatilizer accounting for 2.5 percent of the mass of the mixture, carrying out melt blending at 215 ℃, and then carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain a resin material blend; the ABS resin is prepared by a bulk polymerization method and has a viscosity average molecular weight of 90000, the rubber content formed by butadiene in the ABS resin is 7 wt.%, the chain segment content formed by acrylonitrile is 8 wt.%, the rest is the chain segment formed by styrene, and the number average particle diameter of the rubber formed by butadiene in the ABS resin is 100 nm;

(2) the formula comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 83 parts of the above resin material blend

7.5 parts of composite flame retardant, 0.2 part of nano tin antimony oxide, 0.5 part of antioxidant, 1.5 parts of toughening agent, 0.5 part of antibacterial agent, 2.5 parts of anti-cracking agent and 0.2 part of weather resistant agent;

the temperature of the mixed material in each section of the double-screw extruder is respectively as follows: 200 ℃ in the first zone, 210 ℃ in the second zone, 220 ℃ in the third zone, 220 ℃ in the fourth zone, 210 ℃ in the fifth zone, 200 ℃ in the sixth zone, 190 ℃ in the seventh zone, 220 ℃ in the eighth zone, 220 ℃ in the ninth zone, 200 ℃ in the tenth zone, and the length-diameter ratio of the twin-screw extruder is 30: 1, the rotating speed of a screw is 400r/min, materials are fully melted and compounded under the shearing, mixing and conveying of the screw, and then the materials are extruded, granulated and dried to obtain low-temperature-resistant modified plastic;

While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A preparation method of modified plastic is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(2) the formula comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 83-91 parts of the resin material blend, 7.5-9 parts of a composite flame-retardant system, 0.2-0.5 part of nano tin antimony oxide, 0.5-1.5 parts of an antioxidant, 1.5-3 parts of a toughening agent, 0.5-0.8 part of an antibacterial agent, 2.5-4 parts of an anti-cracking agent and 0.2-0.5 part of a weather-resistant agent;

the precision feeding device mentioned in the above (3) includes an installation base (1), a plurality of storage barrels (2) detachably installed on the installation base (1), a feeding pipe (11) arranged above the storage barrels (2), a support barrel (12) fixedly connected to the installation base (1), a stirring mechanism (3) fixedly connected to the support barrel (12), a feeding mechanism (4) arranged on the upper portion of the support barrel (12), a power device (5) arranged on the upper portion of the support barrel (12), and a discharging hole (13) arranged on the lower portion of the stirring mechanism (3); the materials are respectively stored in the discharge barrel, the power device (5) is started, the feeding mechanism (4) extracts and distributes the quality of the materials, further, the stirring mechanism (3) mixes the materials, and the mixed materials are output from the discharge hole (13).

2. The method for preparing a modified plastic according to claim 1, wherein: the storage cylinder (2) comprises a storage bin (21), a material guide plate (22) fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage bin (21), a material guide inclined plane (23) arranged on the upper portion of the material guide plate (22), a fixed cover (24) fixedly connected to the upper portion of the storage cylinder (2), a movable cover (25) rotatably connected to the fixed cover (24), a dredging hole (26) arranged on the wall of the storage cylinder (2) and a feeding pipe (11) slidably connected to the fixed cover (24).

3. The method for preparing a modified plastic according to claim 2, wherein: the power device (5) comprises a working motor (51) fixedly connected to the supporting cylinder (12), an upper output shaft (52) rotatably connected to the working motor, a rotating bin (53) arranged below the working motor (51), a balancing bin (54) communicated with the rotating bin (53) and the outside, an air suction fan (55) fixedly connected to the upper output shaft (52) and rotatably connected to the rotating bin (53), a ventilating plate (56) fixedly connected to the supporting cylinder (12), a ventilating hole (57) arranged on the ventilating plate (56), a plurality of buffer bins (58) arranged on the lower portion of the ventilating plate (56), a flow guide bin (59) arranged on the lower portion of the buffer bin (58) and a plurality of material collecting bins (510) arranged on the lower portion of the buffer bin (58); work motor (51) rotate, it rotates to drive the output shaft, further drive the extraction fan and rotate, it is external from rotating storehouse (53) and the permanent storehouse of article flow direction, the atmospheric pressure in the storehouse of rotating (53) reduces, water conservancy diversion storehouse (59), the air current in surge bin (58) begins to flow to rotating storehouse (53) constantly through ventilation hole (57), and be discharged, air pressure constantly reduces in water conservancy diversion storehouse (59), produce the negative pressure in material loading pipe (11), the air current drives the material and rises along material loading pipe (11) together, the material reachs water conservancy diversion storehouse (59), the space grow, gas flow slows down, the material falls into in collection feed bin (510) under the action of gravity.

4. The method for preparing a modified plastic according to claim 3, wherein: the feeding mechanism (4) comprises a support (41) fixedly connected with the support cylinder (12), a plurality of calibration rods (42) slidably connected with the support (41), a bottom sealing plate (43) fixedly connected with the lower part of the calibration rods (42), a communication hole (44) arranged on the lower part of the support (41), a sealing plate (45) fixedly connected with the upper part of the calibration rods (42), a plurality of calibration holes (46) arranged on the support (41), a quantifying mechanism (47) arranged in the calibration holes (46), a baffle plate (48) fixedly connected with the lower part of the buffer bin (58), a pressure plate (49) slidably connected with the baffle plate (48), a pressure spring (410) arranged on the lower part of the pressure plate (49), a rotary groove (411) arranged in the baffle plate (48), and a rotary ring (412) rotatably connected with the rotary groove (411), A plurality of first magnetic blocks (413) fixedly connected to the rotating ring (412), a second magnetic block (414) fixedly connected to the lower part of the pressure plate (49), a driving plate (415) fixedly connected to the lower part of the rotating ring (412), a driving track (416) arranged on the driving plate (415), and a plurality of return springs (417) arranged in the rotating ring (412); the calibration rod (42) comprises a main calibration rod (421) and a plurality of auxiliary calibration rods (422); the main calibration rod (421) comprises a connecting rod (423) fixedly connected to the lower part of the sealing plate (45) and a driving pin (424) fixedly connected to the connecting rod (423); the drive pin (424) slides in the drive track (416); the material drives the bottom sealing plate (43) to move downwards, drives the auxiliary calibration rod (422) to move downwards until the lower surface of the auxiliary calibration rod (422) is contacted with the upper surface of the pressure plate (49), the auxiliary calibration rod (422) stops moving under the action of the pressure spring (410), at the moment, the sealing plate is positioned at the lower part of the communicating hole (44) but is not communicated with the stirring mechanism (3), and the auxiliary calibration rod (422) drives the sealing plate (45) and the bottom sealing plate (43) to descend and stops continuing feeding; after the materials reach a certain collection quality, the sealing bottom plate (43) is driven to descend, the main calibration rod (421) descends, the sealing plate (45) descends and is buckled with the pressure plate (49), meanwhile, the sealing plate (45) drives the connecting rod (423) to descend and drives the driving pin (424) to descend, the driving pin (424) slides in the driving track (416) to drive the rotary ring (412) to rotate, the upper and lower positions of the first magnetic block (413) and the second magnetic block (414) are correspondingly superposed, the pressure plates (49) descend under the action of magnetic force, the pressure spring (410) compresses, the main calibration rod (421) and the auxiliary calibration rod (422) further descend and are communicated with the stirring mechanism (3), the materials in the material collection bin (510) start to be gradually discharged until the main materials are discharged, and under the action of the pressure spring (410), the quantifying mechanism (47) and the reset spring (417), the main calibration rod 421 is raised to the home position, and the sub calibration rod 422 is raised to the home position.

5. The method for preparing a modified plastic according to claim 4, wherein: the quantitative mechanism (47) comprises a lifting thread (471) arranged in the calibration hole (46), a pressure bolt (472) rotatably connected to the calibration hole (46), a telescopic hole (473) arranged in the pressure bolt (472), a calibration spring (474) connected to the telescopic hole (473) and the sealing plate (45), a driven bevel gear (475) slidably connected to the pressure bolt (472), a driving bevel gear (476) meshed with the driven bevel gear (475), a driving rod (477) fixedly connected to the driving bevel gear (476), and an adjusting knob (478) fixedly connected to the driving rod (477); the adjusting knob (478) is rotated, the driving bevel gear (476) is driven to rotate through the driving rod (477), the driven bevel gear (475) is further driven to rotate, the pressure bolt (472) is driven to rotate, the pressure bolt (472) rises under the action of threads, the calibration spring (474) is lengthened, and the pulling force required by the descending of the calibration rod (42) is increased.

6. The method for producing a modified plastic according to claim 5, wherein: the stirring mechanism (3) comprises a lower output shaft (31) fixedly connected with the upper output shaft (52), an integration bin (32) arranged at the lower part of the material collecting bin (510), and a hollow stirring paddle (33) fixedly connected with the lower output shaft (31).

7. The method for preparing modified plastic according to claim 1, wherein the composite flame retardant system comprises: the flame retardant is prepared by mixing tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (butoxyethyl) phosphate and tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and the mass ratio of the tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate to the flame retardant is 1: (1-2) and (1-4); the flame-retardant auxiliary agent is one or a mixture of more of antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide, zinc borate, ammonium octamolybdate and aluminum oxide; the heat stabilizer is one or a mixture of more of bisphenol A, hydrotalcite, a composite heat stabilizer and stearate; wherein the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the flame retardant auxiliary to the heat stabilizer is (8-10): (2-5): (0.5-1.5).

8. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the nano tin antimony oxide is treated according to the following process before use: placing nanometer antimony tin oxide in 40-50KHz ultrasonic cleaning instrument, and performing ultrasonic treatment with anhydrous ethanol for 30-50 min; after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, washing the mixture for 4 to 6 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the mixture at a temperature of between 70 and 80 ℃ to constant weight; the compatilizer is one of styrene-acrylonitrile-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene grafted maleic anhydride polymer and polyacrylate-allyloxy glyceride comb polymer; the weather resisting agent is TINUVIN 234, and the anti-cracking agent is hydrogenated block copolymer of styrene and butadiene; the toughening agent is a methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer prepared by an emulsion polymer method, the particle size of the methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer is 150-200nm, and the content of rubber formed by butadiene is 45-75 wt%; the antioxidant is one or a mixture of N-isopropyl-N ' -phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N ' -phenyl-p-phenylenediamine and N, N ' -di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine; the antibacterial agent is any one or the combination of more than two of zinc oxide, copper oxide, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and lithium carbonate.