CN112851311A - Preparation method of nano-coating ceramic grinding material - Google Patents
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- CN112851311A CN112851311A CN202110177567.6A CN202110177567A CN112851311A CN 112851311 A CN112851311 A CN 112851311A CN 202110177567 A CN202110177567 A CN 202110177567A CN 112851311 A CN112851311 A CN 112851311A
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
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- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
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- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
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- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/62802—Powder coating materials
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/62802—Powder coating materials
- C04B35/62805—Oxide ceramics
- C04B35/62818—Refractory metal oxides
- C04B35/62823—Zirconium or hafnium oxide
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a nano-coating ceramic grinding material, belongs to the technical field of grinding materials, and particularly relates to a method for uniformly coating a zirconia nano-coating on the surface of prepared ceramic grinding material particles. The ceramic abrasive particles are prepared by taking a special alumina wet material as a raw material, mixing the special alumina wet material with deionized water, adding a seeding agent and an inhibitor to prepare a suspension, adjusting the pH value to form a colloid, drying, crushing, calcining at a medium temperature and calcining at a high temperature. The nano-zirconia, the water glass, the zinc oxide, the nano-titanium oxide and the magnesium oxide are uniformly mixed according to a certain proportion to prepare zirconia mother liquor, and the zirconia mother liquor is coated on the surfaces of ceramic abrasive particles and then is sintered, tempered and screened to obtain the nano-coating ceramic grinding material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of abrasives, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a nano-coating ceramic grinding material.
Background
The ceramic grinding material is a new generation grinding material which is sintered to generate crystal after a special seeding gel method, and has the advantages of high hardness, good self-sharpening property, high processing precision, low heat generation rate and the like. The production technology of the microcrystal nanometer ceramic material is originally created by American 3M company, the production method is extremely confidential, the 3M company only sells finished tools and does not sell raw materials, huge commercial benefits are obtained by means of years of patent technology monopoly, and the technical promotion of the grinding industry in China is severely restricted. With the development of the technology of the domestic abrasive industry, the production method of the ceramic grinding material is overcome; however, the existing method has the defects of low production efficiency, high energy consumption, high cost and the like. And the existing ceramic grinding materials are all prepared preliminarily, and all the advantages of the ceramic grinding materials cannot be fully exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a nano-coated ceramic abrasive. The method of the invention is adopted to coat the zirconia nano coating on the surface of the ceramic abrasive grain, and the coating is uniform, small in thickness, firm, good in grinding performance and high in production yield.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the specific scheme that:
a preparation method of a nano-coating ceramic grinding material comprises the following steps:
taking a special alumina wet material as a raw material, wherein the weight ratio of the special alumina wet material to deionized water is 1: 2, and uniformly mixing to form a suspension;
step two, adding a seeding agent and an inhibitor into the suspension obtained in the step one, uniformly mixing, and then adding inorganic acid to adjust the pH value to 2-4 to obtain alumina gel; the total addition of the seeding agent and the inhibitor is 5 percent of the weight of the special alumina wet material;
step three, uniformly spreading the alumina gel obtained in the step two on a drying equipment belt for drying, wherein the thickness of the spread cloth is 2-5 cm; conveying the dried colloid to drying equipment through a belt, and drying for 24 hours at the temperature of 80-140 ℃ to obtain dry colloid;
step four, crushing and screening the dry colloid obtained in the step three, and putting the required section into a medium-temperature calcining rotary furnace for calcining at the calcining temperature of 600 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain a medium-temperature calcined material; putting the medium-temperature calcined material into a high-temperature rotary furnace for high-temperature calcination, wherein the calcination temperature is 1400-1500 ℃, and the time is 20-40 minutes, and finely screening the particles after high-temperature calcination to obtain nano ceramic abrasive particles with different particle sizes;
step five, mixing the nano zirconia with water glass, zinc oxide, nano titanium oxide and magnesium oxide according to the proportion of 2-5: 1-5: 1-3: 1-3: 1-3 to prepare nano zirconium oxide mother liquor; uniformly coating the nano zirconia mother liquor on the surface of ceramic abrasive particles and sintering at 200 ℃ to obtain film-coated ceramic abrasive particles; tempering the film-coated ceramic abrasive particles in a 1200 ℃ rotary furnace, and screening to obtain the nano-coating ceramic abrasive material.
Specifically, in the second step, the seeding agent comprises 0.5% of titanium oxide, 0.08% of cobalt oxide, 0.02% of neodymium oxide and 1.1% of erbium oxide, and the inhibitor comprises 1% of yttrium oxide and 2.3% of magnesium oxide.
Specifically, the inorganic acid in the second step is hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid. Preferably nitric acid with a concentration of 30-60%.
Specifically, the temperature of the high-temperature calcination in the fourth step is 1450 ℃, and the time is 20 minutes.
Specifically, in the fifth step, the mass ratio of the nano zirconia mother liquor to the ceramic abrasive particles is 5-15: 85-95.
Has the advantages that:
the nano coating is carried out by adopting the method of the invention, the coating can more uniformly cover the ceramic abrasive particles in the coating process, and the coating is thinner and firmer. The adhesive force of the ceramic abrasive and a bonding agent in the process of manufacturing the grinding tool is improved by adding the nano coating, so that the grinding performance of the ceramic abrasive is further improved by 15-30%; after secondary tempering and sintering, the ceramic abrasive crystal does not grow any more in the process of producing the ceramic grinding wheel, the crystal does not grow any more, the grinding is more facilitated, and the nano coating can improve the yield of the sintered ceramic grinding wheel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a nano-coating ceramic grinding material comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, weighing the following components in a weight ratio of 1: 2, dispersing and mixing the special alumina and deionized water in a vacuum furnace, adding a seeding agent and an inhibitor (erbium oxide, yttrium oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, cobalt oxide and neodymium oxide) which are 5 percent of the weight of the special alumina after the special alumina and the deionized water are completely dispersed uniformly, continuously and uniformly mixing, adding nitric acid with the concentration of 30-60 percent into the uniformly mixed suspension, and adjusting the pH value to be 2-4 to ensure that the suspension completely forms uniform and transparent colloid.
And step two, uniformly spreading the colloid prepared in the step one in a flat drier for drying for 72 hours.
And thirdly, spreading the dried colloid prepared in the second step on a drying belt, and drying for 24 hours at the temperature of 120 ℃.
Fourthly, crushing the dried colloid to the required granularity;
fifthly, sintering the crushed colloidal particles at 600 ℃ for 30 minutes, then sintering at 1450 ℃ for 30 minutes, and screening to obtain ceramic grinding material particles with different particle sizes.
Sixthly, mixing the nano zirconium oxide, the water glass, the zinc oxide, the nano titanium oxide and the magnesium oxide according to the ratio of 2: 5: 1: 1: 1 to obtain the nano zirconia mother liquor.
And seventhly, mixing 5g of nano zirconia mother liquor with 95g of ceramic abrasive particles to uniformly coat the nano zirconia mother liquor on the surfaces of the ceramic abrasive particles and sintering at 200 ℃.
And eighthly, tempering the sintered coated ceramic abrasive particles in a 1200 ℃ rotary furnace, and then screening to obtain the nano-coating ceramic abrasive material.
Example 2
Essentially the same as in example 1, except that: 10g of the nano zirconia mother liquor and 90g of the ceramic abrasive particles are mixed.
Example 3
Essentially the same as in example 1, except that: 15g of the nano zirconia mother liquor and 85g of the ceramic abrasive particles were mixed.
The properties of the nano-coated ceramic abrasive materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 were evaluated, and the results were as follows:
the coating thickness of the nano-coating ceramic abrasive obtained in the embodiment 1 is about 1-2nm, the grinding performance of the nano-coating ceramic abrasive is improved by about 20% compared with that of an uncoated ceramic abrasive, the coating is observed by an electron microscope to have respective defects, the phenomenon of incomplete particle coverage can occur, and the yield in the production process of the ceramic grinding wheel can be effectively improved by more than 10%.
The coating thickness of the nano-coating ceramic abrasive obtained in the example 2 is about 1-2nm, the grinding performance of the nano-coating ceramic abrasive is improved by about 30% compared with that of an uncoated ceramic abrasive, the coating is uniform through electron microscope observation, and all particles are completely covered. The yield in the production process of the ceramic grinding wheel can be effectively improved by more than 15 percent.
The coating thickness of the nano-coating ceramic abrasive obtained in the embodiment 3 is about 3-4nm, the grinding performance of the nano-coating ceramic abrasive is improved by about 15% compared with that of an uncoated ceramic abrasive, the coating is uniform through electron microscope observation, and all particles are completely covered; but the coating is too thick, so that the gap is not easy to open in the grinding process, and the falling of the ceramic abrasive crystal is limited. Can effectively improve the yield of the ceramic grinding wheel by more than 20 percent in the production process.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that certain insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a nano-coating ceramic grinding material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
taking a special alumina wet material as a raw material, wherein the weight ratio of the special alumina wet material to deionized water is 1: 2, and uniformly mixing to form a suspension;
step two, adding a seeding agent and an inhibitor into the suspension obtained in the step one, uniformly mixing, and then adding inorganic acid to adjust the pH value to 2-4 to obtain alumina gel; the total addition of the seeding agent and the inhibitor is 5 percent of the weight of the special alumina wet material;
step three, uniformly spreading the alumina gel obtained in the step two on a drying equipment belt for drying, wherein the thickness of the spread cloth is 2-5 cm; conveying the dried colloid to drying equipment through a belt, and drying for 24 hours at the temperature of 80-140 ℃ to obtain dry colloid;
step four, crushing and screening the dry colloid obtained in the step three, and putting the required section into a medium-temperature calcining rotary furnace for calcining at the calcining temperature of 600 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain a medium-temperature calcined material; putting the medium-temperature calcined material into a high-temperature rotary furnace for high-temperature calcination, wherein the calcination temperature is 1400-1500 ℃, and the time is 20-40 minutes, and finely screening the particles after high-temperature calcination to obtain nano ceramic abrasive particles with different particle sizes;
step five, mixing the nano zirconia with water glass, zinc oxide, nano titanium oxide and magnesium oxide according to the proportion of 2-5: 1-5: 1-3: 1-3: 1-3 to prepare nano zirconium oxide mother liquor; uniformly coating the nano zirconia mother liquor on the surface of ceramic abrasive particles and sintering at 200 ℃ to obtain film-coated ceramic abrasive particles; tempering the film-coated ceramic abrasive particles in a 1200 ℃ rotary furnace, and screening to obtain the nano-coating ceramic abrasive material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the seeding agent comprises 0.5% of titanium oxide, 0.08% of cobalt oxide, 0.02% of neodymium oxide and 1.1% of erbium oxide, and the inhibitor comprises 1% of yttrium oxide and 2.3% of magnesium oxide.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: and the inorganic acid in the second step is hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the high-temperature calcination in the fourth step is 1450 ℃, and the time is 20 minutes.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the mass ratio of the nano zirconia mother liquor to the ceramic abrasive particles is 5-15: 85-95.
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR9005571A (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1991-09-17 | Norton Co | COATED ABRASIVE MATERIAL |
| CN1141053A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1997-01-22 | 美国3M公司 | Alpha alumina-based abrasive grain |
| CN1774488A (en) * | 2003-04-17 | 2006-05-17 | 3M创新有限公司 | Abrasive particles, abrasive articles, and methods of making and using the same |
| CN103013443A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-04-03 | 鲁信创业投资集团股份有限公司 | Alpha-alumina-based abrasive containing sheet-shaped structures, and preparation method thereof |
| CN104350025A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2015-02-11 | 3M创新有限公司 | Abrasive particles, abrasive articles, and methods of making and using same |
| CN106062122A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2016-10-26 | 3M创新有限公司 | Abrasive particles, abrasive articles, and methods of making and using the same |
| CN111320465A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-23 | 山东大学 | Alumina-based microcrystalline ceramic particles and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-02-09 CN CN202110177567.6A patent/CN112851311A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR9005571A (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1991-09-17 | Norton Co | COATED ABRASIVE MATERIAL |
| CN1141053A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1997-01-22 | 美国3M公司 | Alpha alumina-based abrasive grain |
| CN1774488A (en) * | 2003-04-17 | 2006-05-17 | 3M创新有限公司 | Abrasive particles, abrasive articles, and methods of making and using the same |
| CN103013443A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-04-03 | 鲁信创业投资集团股份有限公司 | Alpha-alumina-based abrasive containing sheet-shaped structures, and preparation method thereof |
| CN104350025A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2015-02-11 | 3M创新有限公司 | Abrasive particles, abrasive articles, and methods of making and using same |
| CN106062122A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2016-10-26 | 3M创新有限公司 | Abrasive particles, abrasive articles, and methods of making and using the same |
| CN111320465A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-23 | 山东大学 | Alumina-based microcrystalline ceramic particles and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210528 |