CN112851258A - Layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed - Google Patents
Layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN112851258A CN112851258A CN202110173771.0A CN202110173771A CN112851258A CN 112851258 A CN112851258 A CN 112851258A CN 202110173771 A CN202110173771 A CN 202110173771A CN 112851258 A CN112851258 A CN 112851258A
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- concrete
- track bed
- damping
- vibration
- ballastless track
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- SZHIIIPPJJXYRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylprop-2-ene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)CS([O-])(=O)=O SZHIIIPPJJXYRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 43
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical class Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011376 self-consolidating concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
- C04B24/161—Macromolecular compounds comprising sulfonate or sulfate groups
- C04B24/163—Macromolecular compounds comprising sulfonate or sulfate groups obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/008—Drainage of track
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/302—Water reducers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
- C04B2111/2046—Shock-absorbing materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention provides a layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed, which is improved on the basis of a rubber floating slab track bed, the original ballastless track bed is arranged in three layers, and three layers are poured during pouring; the manufacturing method of the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed comprises the steps of mixing of track bed board raw materials, spraying of a release agent and assembly of accessories, steel bar binding, concrete pouring and vibration molding, cast-in-place self-maintenance and demolding. The layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed has the advantages that the noise can be reduced by 15-20dB, and the special vibration-damping effect can be achieved; compared with the common rubber floating slab track bed, the anti-cracking performance of the track bed is improved by 10-20%, the integrity is greatly improved, and cracks are not easy to generate during use; the waste tires can be fully utilized, the method is economical and environment-friendly, and the cost is reduced; in the construction process, a cast-in-place self-maintenance process is adopted, and the cast-in-place self-maintenance integral mold is utilized, so that the layered construction maintenance requirements of the vibration-damping ballastless track bed can be effectively matched, the manpower is saved, the construction period is shortened, and the construction cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed.
Background
With the rapid development of the global automobile industry, the quantity of waste tires is increasing day by day, the waste rubber generated by the waste tires becomes a new solid pollution source, the waste tires are directly stacked and buried, not only are resources wasted and land occupied, but also the environment of soil and underground water is greatly polluted, the atmosphere pollution is also caused by burning, and the effective and reasonable utilization of the waste rubber is an extremely demanding task. Meanwhile, with the rapid development of urban rail transit, vibration and noise generated in the running process of rail trains can seriously affect people working, studying and living along the line. The urban rail constructed in the early stage is difficult to modify after operation because the vibration problem is neglected during engineering construction, and wastes manpower, material resources and financial resources, and interferes with traffic, so that various vibration reduction and noise reduction measures are brought forward. The rubber floating slab track structure belongs to high-grade vibration reduction, and the vibration reduction effect is 10-15 dB. However, in the rubber floating slab track structure, the cost of the rubber pad is higher than that of the rubber powder, and the rubber pad is not easy to be bonded with the upper concrete track bed. The rubber powder permeates into the concrete, the integrity is improved compared with a rubber floating plate rail, and the vibration reduction effect is better.
Chinese patent CN201410270927.7 discloses a rubber elastic self-compacting concrete for a plate-type ballastless track, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: cement: 100 parts of rubber powder: 4-10, mineral admixture: 30-60 parts of fine aggregate: 250-300 parts of coarse aggregate: 250-300, basalt fiber 1-2, swelling agent: 5-15 parts of a water reducing agent: 1.0-2.0 parts of rheological additive: 0.01-0.05 part of defoaming agent: 0.001 part, water: 40-60 parts; wherein the fineness of the rubber particles is 30-50 meshes, and the surface is treated by polyvinyl alcohol and a silane coupling agent in advance. The patent has the following defects: the concrete is not tightly combined with a lower structure, the integrity is poor, and the vibration and noise reduction effect of the plate-type ballastless track made of the concrete is not obvious and is primary.
Patent CN201711282041.4 discloses a high-insulation concrete, which is prepared by mixing the following components in percentage by weight: 100 parts of cement, 10-70 parts of mineral admixture, 300 parts of fine aggregate 180-wall material, 360 parts of coarse aggregate 200-wall material, 5-20 parts of redispersible polymer emulsion or latex powder, 5-15 parts of paraffin, 1-5 parts of asbestos fiber, 1-5 parts of admixture, 1-3 parts of rubber powder and 60-80 parts of water. The patent has the following defects: the concrete has poor crack resistance and unobvious vibration and noise reduction effects.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art and further optimize the conventional ballastless track bed of the rubber floating slab, the invention provides a layered vibration reduction ballastless track bed to realize the following purposes:
1. the vibration reduction effect is improved, and the noise can be reduced by 15-20 dB;
2. the structural integrity of the ballast bed is improved;
3. the anti-cracking performance of the ballast bed is improved by 10 to 20 percent.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a layer-stepping damping ballastless track bed, by weight, the raw and other materials of damping ballastless track bed first layer include: 10-20kg/m3 of rubber powder, 330kg/m3 of cement 300-; the raw materials of the second layer of the vibration-damping ballastless track bed comprise: 20-30kg/m3 of rubber powder, 330kg/m3 of cement 300-; the raw materials of the third layer of the vibration-damping ballastless track bed comprise: 40-60kg/m3 of rubber powder, 330kg/m3 of cement 300-.
The rubber powder is waste tire rubber powder produced by a hot vulcanization process, the mesh number is 60 meshes, the average particle size is 200-300 mu m, the sieving rate of a 250 mu m sieve is more than 90%, the surface is smooth and burr-free, and the chemical components of the rubber powder comprise synthetic rubber, natural rubber, carbon black and a crosslinking agent;
the cement is 52.5-grade non-early-strength low-alkali portland cement, the alkali content of the cement is less than or equal to 0.6 percent, the sulfur trioxide content is less than or equal to 3.0 percent, and the specific surface area is 300m2/kg-350m 2/kg;
the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, the shrinkage ratio is less than or equal to 110%, and the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 25%;
preferably, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and is prepared from Acrylic Acid (AA), sodium methallyl sulfonate (MAS) and Ammonium Persulfate (APS), wherein the molar ratio of the Acrylic Acid (AA), the sodium methallyl sulfonate (MAS) and the Ammonium Persulfate (APS) is 5-7:1: 1.5-2;
the alkali content in the raw materials of the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed is less than or equal to 3.0kg/m 3;
the stones are reasonably graded, good in particle size and uniform and firm in texture, and the maximum nominal particle size of the stones is not more than the thickness 2/3 of the concrete protective layer;
the sand is preferably natural river sand.
The raw materials all meet the relevant standards of various countries.
The crushing index of coarse aggregate in the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the ratio of the compression strength of mother rock to the design strength of concrete is more than 1.5; the maximum grain size of the coarse aggregate is 20 mm; the mud content is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the content of needle-shaped particles is less than or equal to 5 percent.
The coarse aggregate is sand and stones with the particle size larger than 5mm in the raw materials of each layer of vibration-damping ballastless track bed.
The total amount of the cementing materials of the concrete is less than or equal to 450kg/m 3.
The cementing material is cement, water, slag powder and fly ash in the raw materials of each layer of vibration-damping ballastless track bed.
The manufacturing method of the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed comprises the steps of mixing raw materials of the track bed board, spraying a release agent and assembling accessories, binding steel bars, pouring and vibration forming concrete, cast-in-place self-maintenance and demoulding.
And preparing the track bed plate raw materials, namely uniformly mixing the raw materials of the first layer, the second layer and the third layer of the vibration reduction track bed respectively.
The spraying release agent and the accessory assembly are characterized in that the water-soluble release agent is selected to spray the surface of the mold, the spraying of the release agent is uniform in the spraying process, and the later-stage demolding is prevented from being non-uniform.
Preferably, the water-soluble mold release agent is a TF-9 type mold release agent.
And (4) binding the steel bars, namely welding the crossing points of the longitudinal and transverse grounding steel bars of the ballast bed according to the specification of a drawing, and setting insulation treatment at the crossing points of the other longitudinal and transverse steel bars and the lap joints of the longitudinal and transverse steel bars on the upper layer and the lower layer, wherein the insulation clamps are bound firmly.
Pouring and vibration molding of the concrete, wherein the concrete needs to be poured in three layers, firstly, a third layer of newly mixed concrete is poured into a mold coated with a release agent, the concrete is vibrated for 20-40s after pouring until the surface is grouted and no air bubbles overflow in the concrete, the concrete surface is covered and insulated after being subjected to slurry collection, spraying or steam cast-in-place self-curing is carried out by utilizing a template system after the surface is hardened, and when the strength of the concrete reaches 9-11Mpa, roughening is carried out on the concrete surface. And then pouring a second layer of newly mixed concrete into the mold coated with the release agent, vibrating the concrete for 20-40s after pouring until the surface is grouted and no air bubbles overflow in the concrete, covering and preserving heat after the concrete surface is grouted, performing spray or steam cast-in-place self-curing by using a template system after the surface is hardened, and roughening the surface of the concrete when the strength of the concrete reaches 9-11 Mpa. And finally, pouring a first layer of newly mixed concrete into the mold coated with the release agent, vibrating the concrete for 20-40s after pouring until the surface is grouted and no air bubbles overflow in the concrete, covering and preserving heat after the concrete surface receives the grout, and spraying or steam cast-in-place self-curing by using a template system after the surface is hardened. The vibration frequency is 47 +/-1 HZ, pouring of each layer of newly mixed concrete needs to be completed by one-time pouring, and demolding is carried out after the three layers of concrete reach the strength; controlling the temperature of newly mixed concrete to be 15-25 ℃ during pouring; and during pouring, the temperature of the template of the mold is 5-50 ℃.
The newly mixed concrete is the concrete which is uniformly mixed but not solidified.
The cast-in-place self-curing is carried out, the difference between the concrete temperature and the concrete temperature on the surface of the ballast bed is less than or equal to 20 ℃, and the environment temperature for starting curing is less than or equal to 40 ℃.
The cast-in-place self-maintenance integral mold comprises a spray pipe, a reinforcing channel steel, a template panel, a template frame, a template connecting bolt and the like. The template panel is made of a steel plate with the delta of 5 mm. The template frame is made of angle steel of less than 5 x 5. The template reinforcing support is made of [8 ] channel steel. The shower adopts and is in 25 steel pipes or pvc pipe preparation in the back, is located the frame, hugs closely the enhancement channel-section steel and arranges.
And (4) demolding, wherein the strength of the concrete during demolding is above 40 MPa.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the noise and vibration control specification of the subway, the primary vibration reduction effect is 0-5dB, the intermediate vibration reduction effect is 5-10dB, the high-level vibration reduction effect is 10-15dB, and the special vibration reduction effect is more than 15 dB;
2. compared with the common rubber floating slab track bed, the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed has the advantages that the crack resistance of the track structure is improved by 10-20%, the integrity is improved, and cracks are not easy to generate in use;
3. by adopting the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed, waste tires can be fully utilized, economy and environmental protection are realized, and the cost is reduced;
4. by adopting the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed, the polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent overcomes the defects of the traditional water reducing agent, has the outstanding advantages of low mixing amount, good slump loss resistance, low concrete shrinkage, strong adjustability on molecular structure, no use of formaldehyde in the production process and the like, does not add any additive containing chlorine salt, and can reduce the corrosion to reinforcing steel bars;
5. by adopting the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed, the concrete track bed is manufactured into three layers according to different mixing proportions of rubber powder in the construction process, so that the rigidity of the track bed is smooth and excessive, and the integral deformation of a track structure caused by overlarge rigidity difference of the track structure is avoided;
6. by adopting the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed, a cast-in-place self-maintenance integral mold is used in the construction process, the layered construction maintenance requirements of the vibration-damping ballastless track bed can be effectively matched, the labor is saved, the construction period is shortened, the construction cost is reduced, and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structure diagram of a layered vibration-damping ballastless track;
FIG. 2 is a detailed dimension diagram of a layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed;
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a cast-in-place self-curing integral mold;
description of the drawings:
1-rail
2-sleeper
3-layered vibration reduction ballastless track bed first layer
4-second layer of layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed
5-third layer of layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed
6-side drainage ditch
7-shower
8-form panel
9-form frame
10-template link bolt hole
11-reinforcing channel steel.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described.
Example 1
As shown in the figure, the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed comprises a steel rail 1, a sleeper 2, a first layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed layer 3, a second layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed layer 4, a third layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed layer 5 and a lateral drainage ditch 6. The thickness of the first layer 3 of the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed is 130mm, the thickness of the second layer 4 of the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed is 80mm, and the thickness of the third layer 5 of the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed is 50 mm. The cast-in-place self-maintenance integral die comprises a spray pipe 7, a template panel 8, a template frame 9, a template connecting bolt hole 10 and a reinforcing channel steel 11.
The utility model provides a layer-stepping damping ballastless track bed, by weight, the raw and other materials of damping ballastless track bed first layer include: 10kg/m3 of rubber powder, 310kg/m3 of cement, 50kg/m3 of fly ash, 60kg/m3 of slag powder, 680kg/m3 of sand, 1100kg/m3 of pebbles, 160kg/m3 of water and 3kg/m3 of water reducing agent; the raw materials of the second layer of the vibration-damping ballastless track bed comprise: 30kg/m3 of rubber powder, 310kg/m3 of cement, 50kg/m3 of fly ash, 60kg/m3 of slag powder, 680kg/m3 of sand, 1100kg/m3 of pebbles, 160kg/m3 of water and 3kg/m3 of water reducing agent; the raw materials of the third layer of the vibration-damping ballastless track bed comprise: 50kg/m3 of rubber powder, 310kg/m3 of cement, 50kg/m3 of fly ash, 60kg/m3 of slag powder, 680kg/m3 of sand, 1100kg/m3 of pebbles, 160kg/m3 of water and 3kg/m3 of water reducing agent.
The rubber powder is waste tire rubber powder produced by a hot vulcanization process, the mesh number is 60 meshes, the average particle size is 200-300 mu m, the sieving rate of a 250 mu m sieve is more than 90%, the surface is smooth and burr-free, and the chemical components of the rubber powder comprise synthetic rubber, natural rubber, carbon black and a crosslinking agent;
the cement is 52.5-grade non-early-strength low-alkali portland cement, the alkali content of the cement is less than or equal to 0.6 percent, the sulfur trioxide content is less than or equal to 3.0 percent, and the specific surface area is 300m2/kg-350m 2/kg;
the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, the shrinkage ratio is less than or equal to 110%, and the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 25%;
the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and is prepared from Acrylic Acid (AA), sodium methallyl sulfonate (MAS) and Ammonium Persulfate (APS), wherein the molar ratio of the Acrylic Acid (AA), the sodium methallyl sulfonate (MAS) and the Ammonium Persulfate (APS) is 6: 1: 2;
the alkali content in the raw materials of the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed is less than or equal to 3.0kg/m 3;
the stones are selected from stones with reasonable gradation, good grain shapes and uniform and firm texture, and the maximum nominal grain size of the stones does not exceed the thickness 2/3 of the concrete protective layer;
the sand is natural river sand;
the raw materials all meet various national relevant standards;
the crushing index of coarse aggregate in the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the ratio of the compression strength of mother rock to the design strength of concrete is more than 1.5; the maximum grain size of the coarse aggregate is 20 mm; the mud content is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the content of needle-shaped particles is less than or equal to 5 percent;
the coarse aggregate is sand and stones with the particle size larger than 5mm in the raw materials of each layer of vibration-damping ballastless track bed.
The cementing material is cement, water, slag powder and fly ash in the raw materials of each layer of vibration-damping ballastless track bed.
The manufacturing method of the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed comprises the steps of mixing raw materials of the track bed board, spraying a release agent and assembling accessories, binding steel bars, pouring and vibration forming concrete, cast-in-place self-maintenance and demoulding.
And (3) preparing the track bed plate raw materials, namely uniformly mixing the raw materials of the first layer, the second layer and the third layer of the vibration-reduction ballastless track bed respectively, wherein the total amount of the cementing materials in each layer of concrete is 420kg/m 3.
The spraying release agent and the fitting assembly are characterized in that TF-9 type release agent is selected to spray the surface of a die, the spraying of the release agent is uniform in the spraying process, and the later-stage demoulding is prevented from being nonuniform.
And (4) binding the steel bars, namely welding the crossing points of the longitudinal and transverse grounding steel bars of the ballast bed according to the specification of a drawing, and setting insulation treatment at the crossing points of the other longitudinal and transverse steel bars and the lap joints of the longitudinal and transverse steel bars on the upper layer and the lower layer, wherein the insulation clamps are bound firmly.
Pouring and vibration molding of the concrete, wherein the concrete needs to be poured in three layers, firstly, a third layer of newly mixed concrete is poured into a mold coated with a release agent, the concrete is vibrated for 25s after pouring until the surface is grouted and no air bubbles overflow in the concrete, the concrete surface is covered and insulated after being subjected to slurry collection, spraying or steam cast-in-place self-curing is carried out by utilizing a template system after the surface is hardened, and when the strength of the concrete reaches 10Mpa, roughening is carried out on the concrete surface. And then pouring a second layer of newly mixed concrete into the mold coated with the release agent, vibrating the concrete for 25s after pouring until the surface is grouted and no air bubbles overflow in the concrete, covering and preserving heat after the concrete surface is subjected to slurry collection, performing spraying or steam cast-in-place self-curing by using a template system after the surface is hardened, and roughening the surface of the concrete when the strength of the concrete reaches 10 Mpa. And finally, pouring a first layer of newly mixed concrete into the mold coated with the release agent, vibrating the concrete for 25s after pouring until the surface is grouted and no air bubbles overflow in the concrete, covering and preserving heat after the concrete surface is subjected to slurry collection, and performing spraying or steam cast-in-place self-curing by using a template system after the surface is hardened. The vibration frequency is 47 +/-1 HZ, pouring of each layer of newly mixed concrete needs to be completed by one-time pouring, and demolding is carried out after the three layers of concrete reach the strength; controlling the temperature of newly mixed concrete at 25 ℃ during pouring; during pouring, the temperature of the template of the mold is 25 ℃.
The newly mixed concrete is the concrete which is uniformly mixed but not solidified.
The cast-in-place self-curing is carried out, the difference between the concrete temperature and the concrete temperature on the surface of the ballast bed is 18 ℃, and the environment temperature for starting curing is 30 ℃.
And (4) demolding, wherein the concrete strength is more than 40MPa in demolding.
The cast-in-place self-maintenance integral mold comprises a spray pipe, a reinforcing channel steel, a template panel, a template frame, a template connecting bolt and the like. The template panel is made of a steel plate with the delta of 5 mm. The template frame is made of angle steel of less than 5 x 5. The template reinforcing support is made of [8 ] channel steel. The shower adopts and is in 25 pvc pipe preparation in the side, is located the frame, hugs closely the enhancement channel-section steel and arranges.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a layer-stepping damping ballastless track bed which characterized in that, by weight, the raw and other materials of damping ballastless track bed first layer include: 10-20kg/m3 of rubber powder, 330kg/m3 of cement 300-; the raw materials of the second layer of the vibration-damping ballastless track bed comprise: 20-30kg/m3 of rubber powder, 330kg/m3 of cement 300-; the raw materials of the third layer of the vibration-damping ballastless track bed comprise: 40-60kg/m3 of rubber powder, 330kg/m3 of cement 300-.
2. The layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed according to claim 1, wherein the rubber powder is waste tire rubber powder produced by a hot vulcanization process, the mesh number is 60, the average particle size is 200-300 μm, the sieving rate is more than 90% by adopting a 250 μm sieve, and the surface is smooth and has no burrs.
3. The layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, the shrinkage ratio is not more than 110%, and the water reducing rate is not less than 25%.
4. The layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed according to claim 3, wherein the polycarboxylic acid water reducer is prepared from Acrylic Acid (AA), sodium methallyl sulfonate (MAS) and Ammonium Persulfate (APS), and the molar ratio of the Acrylic Acid (AA), the sodium methallyl sulfonate (MAS) and the Ammonium Persulfate (APS) is 5-7:1: 1.5-2.
5. The layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed according to claim 1, wherein the alkali content in the raw materials of the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed is not more than 3.0kg/m through cultivation.
6. The layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed according to claim 1, wherein the crushing index of coarse aggregate in the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed is less than or equal to 10%, and the ratio of the compression strength of mother rock to the design strength of concrete is more than 1.5; the maximum grain size of the coarse aggregate is 20 mm; the mud content is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the content of needle-shaped particles is less than or equal to 5 percent.
7. The layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed according to claim 1, wherein the cement is 52.5-grade non-early-strength low-alkali portland cement, the cement alkali content is less than or equal to 0.6%, the sulfur trioxide content is less than or equal to 3.0%, and the specific surface area is 300m2/kg-350m 2/kg.
8. The manufacturing method of the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed is characterized in that the manufacturing of the layered vibration-damping ballastless track bed comprises mixing of track bed board raw materials, spraying of a release agent and assembly of accessories, binding of reinforcing steel bars, pouring and vibration forming of concrete, cast-in-place self-maintenance and demolding;
the total amount of the cementing material of the concrete is less than or equal to 450kg/m3, and the temperature of the newly mixed concrete is controlled to be 15-25 ℃ during pouring.
9. The manufacturing method of claim 8, wherein the concrete is poured and vibrated to form, the concrete is poured in three layers, the third layer of newly mixed concrete is poured into a mold coated with a release agent, the concrete is vibrated for 20-40s after pouring until the surface is flushed and no air bubbles overflow in the concrete, the concrete surface is covered and insulated after being subjected to slurry collection, the concrete is sprayed or self-cast-in-place maintenance by a template system after being subjected to surface hardening, when the concrete strength reaches 9-11Mpa, the concrete surface is roughened, the second layer of newly mixed concrete is poured into the mold coated with the release agent, the concrete is vibrated for 20-40s after pouring until the surface is flushed and no air bubbles overflow in the concrete, the concrete surface is covered and insulated after being subjected to slurry collection, the concrete surface is sprayed or self-cast-in-place maintenance by the template system after being subjected to surface hardening, when the strength of the concrete reaches 9-11Mpa, chiseling the surface of the concrete, finally pouring a first layer of newly mixed concrete into a mold coated with a release agent, vibrating the concrete for 20-40s after pouring until the surface is grouted and no air bubbles overflow in the concrete, covering and preserving heat after the surface of the concrete is grouted, and performing spraying or steam cast-in-place self-curing by using a template system after the surface is hardened; the vibration frequency is 47 +/-1 HZ, pouring of each layer of newly mixed concrete needs to be completed by one-time pouring, and demolding is carried out after the three layers of concrete reach the strength;
the cast-in-place self-curing is carried out, the difference between the concrete temperature and the concrete temperature on the surface of the ballast bed is less than or equal to 20 ℃, and the environment temperature for starting curing is less than or equal to 40 ℃.
10. The manufacturing method of claim 8, wherein the cast-in-place self-curing integral mold comprises a spray pipe, a reinforcing channel steel, a template panel, a template frame, a template connecting bolt and the like; the template panel is made of a steel plate with the delta of 5 mm; the template frame is made of angle steel of less than 5 x 5; the template reinforcing support is made of [8 ] channel steel; the shower adopts and is in 25 steel pipes or pvc pipe preparation in the back, is located the frame, hugs closely the enhancement channel-section steel and arranges.
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