CN112846940A - Device and method for measuring temperature of cutter in high-speed milling process - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring temperature of cutter in high-speed milling process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112846940A CN112846940A CN202110300407.6A CN202110300407A CN112846940A CN 112846940 A CN112846940 A CN 112846940A CN 202110300407 A CN202110300407 A CN 202110300407A CN 112846940 A CN112846940 A CN 112846940A
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005678 Seebeck effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0985—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring temperature
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring the temperature of a cutter in a high-speed milling process, wherein the device comprises a temperature measuring system and a temperature measuring system fixing device, the temperature measuring system fixing device comprises a left semi-annular fixing block and a right semi-annular fixing block which are connected in a matched mode, the two semi-annular fixing blocks are sleeved on the left side and the right side of a cutter handle and are fixedly connected with the cutter handle, the temperature measuring system mainly comprises a K-type thermocouple, a data acquisition module, a data storage module and a power supply module, the K-type thermocouple is fixed on the cutter blade, and the data acquisition module, the data storage module and the power supply module; according to the method, a thermoelectric potential signal of a cutting area of a cutter is acquired through a K-type thermocouple, the thermoelectric potential signal is converted into a cutting temperature signal through a data acquisition module, and then the cutting temperature signal is stored in a data storage module, so that continuous measurement of the cutting temperature in the high-speed milling process is realized. The device and the method are favorable for accurately and reliably measuring the temperature of the cutter in the high-speed milling process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal cutting, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring the temperature of a cutter in a high-speed milling process.
Background
The high-speed milling is one of important advanced manufacturing technologies, is an effective means for improving the processing efficiency, greatly reduces the processing time of parts, and has wide application prospect. However, as the milling speed increases, the heat generated in the cutting zone increases and the heat dissipation is degraded. At the moment, the cutting temperature rises rapidly, the abrasion of the cutter is aggravated, the service life of the cutter is further shortened, and the surface quality of parts is reduced. In metal milling, the cutting temperature is an important parameter that determines the tool life and the surface quality of the part. The measurement of cutting temperature is of great importance in order to improve the life of the tool and the surface quality of the parts.
The current common technologies comprise a natural thermocouple, a semi-artificial thermocouple, an infrared thermometer, an infrared imager, a PVD film method and the like. Both natural thermocouples and semi-artificial thermocouples are contact temperature measuring methods, which are complicated in wiring and only suitable for the turning process of the movement of the cutter head in the feeding direction. The infrared temperature measuring instrument and the infrared imager belong to non-contact temperature measurement, and the accuracy of infrared temperature measuring equipment is related to the reflectivity of a workpiece to be processed and the distance of a measured surface; and the temperature of the tool-chip interface cannot be measured directly due to chip build-up on the rake face. PVD thin film methods, however, thin film thermocouple technology with built-in PVD is only available for coating tools and thin film thermocouples are complicated and expensive to manufacture.
In the milling process, a machine tool spindle is in a high-speed rotating state, and the traditional temperature measurement method has the problems of complex wiring, difficult temperature measurement data transmission, high manufacturing cost and the like, so that the development bottleneck of the high-speed milling temperature measurement technology is caused, and therefore a device and a method for measuring the temperature of a cutter in the high-speed milling process need to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for measuring the temperature of a cutter in a high-speed milling process, which are beneficial to accurately and reliably measuring the temperature of the cutter in the high-speed milling process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a device that is used for high-speed milling process measurement cutter temperature, includes temperature measurement system and temperature measurement system fixing device, temperature measurement system fixing device is including two left and right semi-ring shaped fixed blocks that the cooperation is connected, two semi-ring shaped fixed block covers locate the handle of a knife left and right both sides in order to with handle of a knife fixed connection, temperature measurement system mainly comprises K type thermocouple, data acquisition module, data storage module and power module, K type thermocouple is fixed on the blade, data acquisition module, data storage module and power module fix respectively on two semi-ring shaped fixed blocks.
Furthermore, the K-type thermocouple is fixed in a blind hole of the hard alloy milling blade through heat-conducting glue.
Further, the blind hole is processed by an electric spark punching machine, the diameter of the blind hole is 1mm, and the distance between the blind hole and the rake face is 1mm and 1.5mm respectively.
Furthermore, the data acquisition module is installed in one of the semi-annular fixed block outside portion, data storage module and power module install the symmetrical position in another semi-annular fixed block outside portion, be equipped with the mounting groove that is used for installing data acquisition module, data storage module and power module on two semi-annular fixed blocks respectively.
Furthermore, a conical convex ring is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the semi-annular fixing block and matched with a conical concave ring on the outer periphery of the cutter handle, so that the axial positioning of the temperature measuring system fixing device and the temperature measuring system is realized; the upper end of the inner side of the semi-annular fixing block is provided with a convex block, and the convex block is matched with a groove in the cutter handle so as to realize radial positioning of the temperature measuring system fixing device and the temperature measuring system.
Furthermore, the data acquisition module comprises MAX31855 temperature acquisition module and Arduino nano singlechip development board to convert the thermoelectric force signal that K type thermocouple produced into cutting temperature signal continuously accurately.
Further, the data storage module comprises Arduino SD card module and SD card to store the cutting temperature signal that high-speed milling process data acquisition module gathered, realize cutting temperature's off-line measurement.
Furthermore, the power module consists of a 3.7V polymer lithium battery and a 3.7V-to-9V boosting module, so that the operation of the temperature measuring system is maintained, the voltage value of the polymer lithium battery is converted from 3.7V to 9V and supplied to the data acquisition module, and the normal acquisition of cutting temperature data is ensured.
Further, the mass of the polymer lithium battery is 2g, so that the overall mass of the temperature measurement system is reduced.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the temperature of the cutter in the high-speed milling process based on the device, which is characterized in that a thermoelectric potential signal of a cutting area of the cutter is acquired by a K-type thermocouple, the thermoelectric potential signal is converted into a cutting temperature signal by a data acquisition module, and then the cutting temperature signal is stored in a data storage module, so that the continuous measurement of the cutting temperature in the high-speed milling process is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the device and the method can safely and reliably fix the temperature measuring system on the tool shank without damaging the tool shank, effectively avoid the interference of scrap iron on the measuring result by inserting the thermocouple into the micropore and fixing, greatly improve the measuring precision, ensure that the tool shank has good dynamic balance performance by uniformly distributing the data acquisition module, the data storage module and the power supply module at the symmetrical positions of the temperature measuring system fixing device, and are particularly suitable for measuring the cutting temperature in the high-speed milling process; in addition, the number of various electric wires and transmission lines on a measuring site is greatly reduced in a wireless transmission mode, the potential safety hazard of a complex processing site is reduced, and the cutting temperature data is stored through the data storage module, so that real-time continuous temperature measurement in the cutting process is realized. Therefore, the invention has strong practicability and wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly and schematic diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an assembly relationship between a fixing device and a tool shank of the temperature measuring system in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of two semi-annular fixed blocks in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a milling insert with a blind hole for embedding a K-type thermocouple in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of two fixing plates for locking the temperature measuring system in the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: the tool comprises 1-a rivet, 2-a BT40 tool handle, 3-a semi-annular fixing block I, 4 and 6-a fixing plate, 5-a semi-annular fixing block II, 7-a nut, 8-a bolt, 9-400R 63-22-4T milling cutter, 10-a milling blade, 11-a singlechip development board mounting groove, 12-a temperature acquisition module mounting groove, 13-a data storage module mounting groove, 14-a power supply module mounting groove, 15-a tool handle groove, 16-a tool handle conical concave ring, 17-a conical convex ring and 18-a convex block.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-3, this embodiment provides a device for measuring temperature of a tool in a high-speed milling process, including a temperature measurement system and a temperature measurement system fixing device, the temperature measurement system fixing device includes a left semi-annular fixing block and a right semi-annular fixing block which are connected in a matched manner, the two semi-annular fixing blocks are sleeved on the left side and the right side of a tool holder and are fixedly connected with the tool holder, the temperature measurement system fixing device can be safely and reliably fixed on the tool holder without damaging the tool holder, the temperature measurement system mainly comprises a K-type thermocouple, a data acquisition module, a data storage module and a power module, the K-type thermocouple is fixed on the tool holder, and the data acquisition module, the data storage module and the power module are respectively fixed on the two semi-annular.
As shown in fig. 4, the data acquisition module is installed at the outer side of one of the semi-annular fixed blocks, the data storage module and the power module are installed at the symmetrical positions of the outer side of the other semi-annular fixed block to ensure that the tool holder has good dynamic balance performance under the condition of high-speed rotation, and the two semi-annular fixed blocks are respectively provided with mounting grooves for installing the data acquisition module, the data storage module and the power module.
As shown in fig. 5, the K-type thermocouple is fixed in the blind hole of the cemented carbide milling insert by a heat conducting glue. The blind hole is processed by an electric spark punching machine, the diameter of the blind hole is 1mm, and the distance between the blind hole and the rake face is 1mm and 1.5mm respectively. The realization process is as follows: and (3) processing 1 blind hole with the distance of 1mm from the front cutter face and the diameter of 1mm on the hard alloy milling cutter piece through an electric spark punching machine. A K-type thermocouple is inserted into the blind hole, so that the metal node of the thermocouple is ensured to be in close contact with the bottom of the blind hole; except metal nodes, the rest parts of two different conductors forming the K-type thermocouple are not contacted; and finally, fixing the position of the K-type thermocouple by using the heat-conducting glue, and ensuring that the K-type thermocouple can be reliably fixed on the blade during high-speed milling.
As shown in fig. 2, a conical convex ring is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the semi-annular fixing block, and the conical convex ring is matched with a conical concave ring on the outer periphery of the cutter handle so as to realize axial positioning of the temperature measuring system fixing device and the temperature measuring system. The upper end of the inner side of the semi-annular fixing block is provided with a convex block, and the convex block is matched with a groove in the cutter handle so as to realize radial positioning of the temperature measuring system fixing device and the temperature measuring system. Therefore, the fixing device of the temperature measuring system is reliably fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool in the high-speed milling process.
In this embodiment, the K-type thermocouple and the data acquisition module communicate with each other in a wireless transmission manner. The data acquisition module comprises MAX31855 temperature acquisition module and Arduino nano singlechip development board to the thermoelectric force signal conversion that produces K type thermocouple accurately in succession cuts the temperature signal. The data storage module comprises Arduino SD card module and SD card to store the cutting temperature signal that high-speed milling process data acquisition module gathered, realize cutting temperature's off-line measurement, under the condition of being connected with outside no data line, still can normally work, the measurement obtains the cutting temperature on high-speed milling in-process cutter surface, overcomes because the handle of a knife is rotatory, the difficult problem of cutting temperature measurement.
The power module consists of a 3.7V polymer lithium battery and a 3.7V-to-9V boosting module to maintain the operation of the temperature measuring system, convert the voltage value of the polymer lithium battery from 3.7V to 9V and supply the voltage value to the data acquisition module, and ensure the normal acquisition of cutting temperature data. The 3.7V polymer lithium battery has the battery capacity of 130mAh, can maintain the operation of a temperature measurement system for half an hour, and meets the measurement requirement of cutting temperature. The 3.7V polymer lithium battery has the battery mass of 2g, so that the overall mass of the temperature measurement system is greatly reduced, the centrifugal force generated in the milling process is reduced, and the safety and reliability of the temperature measurement system are ensured. The 3.7V-to-9V boosting module converts the voltage value of the polymer lithium battery from 3.7V to 9V so as to supply the voltage value to the data acquisition module and ensure the normal acquisition of cutting temperature data.
Based on Seebeck Effect (Seebeck Effect), when the hot end and the cold end of a K-type thermocouple have temperature difference, a thermoelectric potential signal is generated between metal loops, at the moment, a data acquisition module arranged on a temperature measurement system fixing device converts the thermoelectric potential signal generated by the K-type thermocouple in a cutting edge area of a cutter into a cutting temperature signal, and then the cutting temperature signal is stored in an SD card of a data storage module through the data storage module, so that the direct, real-time and continuous measurement of the cutting temperature of the cutting edge area of the high-speed cutting cutter is realized.
The embodiment also provides an installation implementation process of the device and the method.
(1) Installing a K-type thermocouple: and (3) processing 1 blind hole with the distance of 1mm from the front cutter face and the diameter of 1mm on the hard alloy milling cutter piece through an electric spark punching machine. A K-type thermocouple is inserted into the blind hole, so that the metal node of the thermocouple is ensured to be in close contact with the bottom of the blind hole; except metal nodes, the rest parts of two different conductors forming the K-type thermocouple are not contacted; and finally, fixing the position of the K-type thermocouple by using the heat-conducting glue, and ensuring that the K-type thermocouple can be reliably fixed on the blade during high-speed milling.
(2) Assembling a temperature measuring system: the temperature measuring system comprises a data acquisition module, a data storage module and a power supply module, wherein the data acquisition module, the data storage module and the power supply module are respectively arranged at the positions 11, 12, 13 and 14 of two semi-annular fixing blocks I, II of the temperature system fixing device, as shown in fig. 4. The data acquisition module, the data storage module and the power supply module are respectively distributed at the symmetrical positions of the temperature measurement system fixing device, so that the knife handle is guaranteed to have good dynamic balance performance under the condition of high-speed rotation. The thermometric system is completely constrained to the thermometric fixture system apparatus by the fixture plate 4 and the fixture plate 6, as shown in fig. 6.
(3) Locking a fixing device of the temperature measuring system: the temperature measuring system fixing device is of a semi-annular structure, and a lug on the upper end of the temperature measuring system fixing device can be matched with a groove of the cutter handle, so that the radial positioning of the temperature measuring system is realized; the conical convex ring in the middle can be matched with the conical concave ring of the cutter handle to realize the axial positioning of the temperature measuring system, as shown in figure 2. Two semi-annular fixing blocks I and II of the temperature measuring system fixing device are locked through bolts, so that the temperature measuring system fixing device is reliably fixed on a machine tool spindle in a high-speed milling process.
(4) Testing the cutting temperature: the workpiece material is ADC12, and the milling parameters are as follows: the milling speed is 900m/min, the feed rate is 0.1mm/r, the axial cutting depth is 0.1mm, and the radial cutting depth is 3 mm. The workpiece is fixed, the machine tool spindle rotates to cut the workpiece by the milling cutter, and the data acquisition system acquires the temperature of the milling cutter close to the cutter point through the K-type thermocouple and stores the cutting temperature data in the SD card through the data storage module. And after the cutting process is finished, reading the cutting temperature data in the SD card by a computer.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device that is used for high-speed milling process to measure cutter temperature, a serial communication port, including temperature measurement system and temperature measurement system fixing device, temperature measurement system fixing device includes two left and right semi-ring shaped fixed blocks that the cooperation is connected, two semi-ring shaped fixed block covers locate the left and right both sides of handle of a knife in order to with handle of a knife fixed connection, temperature measurement system mainly comprises K type thermocouple, data acquisition module, data storage module and power module, K type thermocouple is fixed on the blade, data acquisition module, data storage module and power module are fixed respectively on two semi-ring shaped fixed blocks.
2. The device for measuring the temperature of the cutter in the high-speed milling process according to claim 1, wherein the K-type thermocouple is fixed in a blind hole of the hard alloy milling cutter blade through heat-conducting glue.
3. The device for measuring the temperature of the tool in the high-speed milling process according to claim 2, wherein the blind hole is processed by an electric spark drilling machine, the diameter of the blind hole is 1mm, and the distance between the blind hole and the rake face is 1mm and 1.5mm respectively.
4. The device for measuring the temperature of the cutter in the high-speed milling process according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module is mounted on the outer side of one of the semi-annular fixed blocks, the data storage module and the power supply module are mounted on the outer side of the other semi-annular fixed block at symmetrical positions, and mounting grooves for mounting the data acquisition module, the data storage module and the power supply module are respectively arranged on the two semi-annular fixed blocks.
5. The device for measuring the temperature of the cutter in the high-speed milling process according to claim 1, wherein a conical convex ring is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the semi-annular fixing block and matched with a conical concave ring on the outer periphery of the cutter handle so as to realize axial positioning of a temperature measuring system fixing device and a temperature measuring system; the upper end of the inner side of the semi-annular fixing block is provided with a convex block, and the convex block is matched with a groove in the cutter handle so as to realize radial positioning of the temperature measuring system fixing device and the temperature measuring system.
6. The device for measuring the temperature of the cutter in the high-speed milling process is characterized in that the data acquisition module consists of a MAX31855 temperature acquisition module and an Arduino nano single chip microcomputer development board so as to continuously and accurately convert a thermoelectric force signal generated by a K-type thermocouple into a cutting temperature signal.
7. The device for measuring the temperature of the cutter in the high-speed milling process according to claim 1, wherein the data storage module consists of an Arduino SD card module and an SD card to store the cutting temperature signal collected by the high-speed milling process data collection module, so as to realize the off-line measurement of the cutting temperature.
8. The device for measuring the temperature of the cutter in the high-speed milling process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power module is composed of a 3.7V polymer lithium battery and a 3.7V to 9V boosting module, so as to maintain the operation of the temperature measuring system, and convert the voltage value of the polymer lithium battery from 3.7V to 9V to be supplied to the data acquisition module, and ensure the normal acquisition of cutting temperature data.
9. The device for measuring the temperature of the cutter in the high-speed milling process is characterized in that the mass of the lithium polymer battery is 2g, so that the overall mass of the temperature measuring system is reduced.
10. A method for measuring the temperature of a cutter in a high-speed milling process based on the device of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a thermoelectric potential signal of a cutting area of the cutter is collected by a K-type thermocouple, the thermoelectric potential signal is converted into a cutting temperature signal by a data collection module and then stored in a data storage module, so as to realize continuous measurement of the cutting temperature in the high-speed milling process.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114536100A (en) * | 2022-02-27 | 2022-05-27 | 重庆大学 | Temperature measuring method and device for milling cutting tool |
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CN106271880A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-01-04 | 天津大学 | A kind of measurement milling process milling cutter and the measurement system of workpiece temperature simultaneously |
CN106975984A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-07-25 | 大连交通大学 | A kind of intelligent transient state milling thermometric cutter based on film thermocouple |
JP2019166601A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-03 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Holder for rolling tool, rolling tool and rolling method |
CN214519180U (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-10-29 | 福州大学 | Device for measuring temperature of cutter in high-speed milling process |
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- 2021-03-22 CN CN202110300407.6A patent/CN112846940A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106271880A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-01-04 | 天津大学 | A kind of measurement milling process milling cutter and the measurement system of workpiece temperature simultaneously |
CN106975984A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-07-25 | 大连交通大学 | A kind of intelligent transient state milling thermometric cutter based on film thermocouple |
JP2019166601A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-03 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Holder for rolling tool, rolling tool and rolling method |
CN214519180U (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-10-29 | 福州大学 | Device for measuring temperature of cutter in high-speed milling process |
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