CN112846175B - Device and method for realizing high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by utilizing electro-magnetic energy - Google Patents
Device and method for realizing high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by utilizing electro-magnetic energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN112846175B CN112846175B CN202110022130.5A CN202110022130A CN112846175B CN 112846175 B CN112846175 B CN 112846175B CN 202110022130 A CN202110022130 A CN 202110022130A CN 112846175 B CN112846175 B CN 112846175B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for realizing high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by utilizing electro-magnetic energy, wherein the device comprises the following steps: the die is internally provided with a metal powder containing cavity; the first metal punch is arranged at one end of the metal powder containing cavity and is connected with a first electrifying electrode; the second metal punch is arranged at the other end of the metal powder containing cavity, a second electrifying electrode is connected to the second metal punch, the metal powder is filled between the first metal punch and the second metal punch, and the first electrifying electrode and the second electrifying electrode are both connected with a pulse power supply; and the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly corresponds to the first metal punch to drive the first metal punch to move to compact the metal powder. The device and the method can improve the compaction density of the metal powder, avoid density gradient of a pressed blank and realize the integral manufacture of compaction and sintering of the metal powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a device and a method for realizing high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by utilizing electro-magnetic energy.
Background
Powder press forming is an important link in the manufacture of powder metallurgy parts. The level of the technical level affects the degree of densification of the material, which in turn has a significant impact on the dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties of the finished part. When ordinary powder is pressed, high pressure is needed if high compactness is obtained, and the die is easily damaged, so that the die material has high mechanical property requirements and high manufacturing cost.
The electromagnetic pulse powder pressing adopts electromagnetic force as driving force to realize the compact compaction of the powder under the action of high-speed impact. The high-speed pressing reduces the work hardening effect of the powder material in the pressing process, and a pressed blank with high density can be prepared. However, the existing electromagnetic pulse powder pressing device and method have the defects that the blank is easy to have density gradient, the operation process is complex, the powder core is difficult to compact when the radial size of the powder is large, and the integral compacting-sintering manufacturing of the whole powder cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a device and a method for realizing high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by utilizing electro-magnetic energy, which can improve the compaction density of metal powder, avoid density gradient of a pressed blank and realize the integrated integral manufacturing of the compaction and sintering of the metal powder.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first apparatus for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder using electro-magnetic energy, comprising:
a die, wherein a metal powder containing cavity is arranged in the die;
the first metal punch is arranged at one end of the metal powder containing cavity and is connected with a first electrifying electrode;
the second metal punch is arranged at the other end of the metal powder containing cavity, a second electrifying electrode is connected to the second metal punch, metal powder is filled between the first metal punch and the second metal punch, and the first electrifying electrode and the second electrifying electrode are both connected with a pulse power supply;
and the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly corresponds to the first metal punch to drive the first metal punch to move to compact the metal powder.
Further, the metal powder holds the chamber and is vertical setting, and first metal drift is located the upper portion that the metal powder held the chamber, and second metal drift is located the lower part that the metal powder held the chamber, and electromagnetism compaction drive assembly is located the top of first metal drift and just to first metal drift.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by electro-magnetic energy, wherein metal powder is compacted and sintered by using the first apparatus for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by electro-magnetic energy, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1: filling metal powder in the metal powder containing cavity, wherein the metal powder is positioned between the first metal punch and the second metal punch;
step S2: the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly is electrified to drive the first metal punch to carry out high-speed compaction on the metal powder; meanwhile, high-frequency large pulse current is introduced into the metal powder through a pulse power supply; the metal powder is compacted and sintered under the combined action of the heat effect generated by high-frequency large pulse current, the high-speed compacting action generated by the electromagnetic compacting driving assembly and the mutual attraction force among the powder.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a second apparatus for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder using electro-magnetic energy, comprising:
a die, wherein a metal powder containing cavity is arranged in the die;
the first metal punch is arranged at one end of the metal powder containing cavity and is connected with a first electrifying electrode;
the second metal punch is arranged at the other end of the metal powder containing cavity, a second electrifying electrode is connected to the second metal punch, metal powder is filled between the first metal punch and the second metal punch, and the first electrifying electrode and the second electrifying electrode are both connected with a pulse power supply;
the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly corresponds to the first metal punch and is used for driving the first metal punch to move to compact the metal powder;
the metal powder containing cavity is vertically arranged, the first metal punch is positioned at the upper part of the metal powder containing cavity, the second metal punch is positioned at the lower part of the metal powder containing cavity, and the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly is positioned above the first metal punch and is opposite to the first metal punch;
the device also includes:
the third metal punch is arranged at the upper part of the metal powder containing cavity and is positioned above the first metal punch, the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly is over against the third metal punch, a first magnetic suspension system is arranged in the die corresponding to the third metal punch, and when the first magnetic suspension system is electrified, the third metal punch is in a magnetic suspension state, and a gap is formed between the third metal punch and the first metal punch.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided another method for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by electro-magnetic energy, which comprises compacting and sintering metal powder by using the above-mentioned second apparatus for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by electro-magnetic energy, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1: filling metal powder in a metal powder containing cavity, wherein the metal powder is positioned between a first metal punch and a second metal punch;
step S2: the first magnetic suspension system is electrified, so that the third metal punch is in a magnetic suspension state, and a gap is formed between the third metal punch and the first metal punch;
step S3: the first magnetic suspension system is powered off, and the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly is powered on to drive the third metal punch to impact the first metal punch at a high speed so as to compact the metal powder at a high speed; meanwhile, high-frequency large pulse current is introduced into the metal powder through a pulse power supply; the metal powder is compacted and sintered under the combined action of the heat effect generated by high-frequency large pulse current, the high-speed compacting action generated by the electromagnetic compacting driving assembly and the mutual attraction force among the powder.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a third apparatus for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder using electro-magnetic energy, comprising:
a die, wherein a metal powder containing cavity is arranged in the die;
the first metal punch is arranged at one end of the metal powder containing cavity and is connected with a first electrifying electrode;
the second metal punch is arranged at the other end of the metal powder containing cavity, a second electrifying electrode is connected to the second metal punch, metal powder is filled between the first metal punch and the second metal punch, and the first electrifying electrode and the second electrifying electrode are both connected with a pulse power supply;
the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly corresponds to the first metal punch and is used for driving the first metal punch to move to compact the metal powder;
the metal powder holds the chamber and is the level setting, and electromagnetism compaction drive assembly is located the outside of first metal drift and just faces first metal drift, and the below in metal powder is equipped with a second magnetic suspension system in the mould, makes metal powder be in the magnetic suspension state when second magnetic suspension system circular telegram.
Further, a fourth metal punch is arranged between the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly and the first metal punch, the fourth metal punch is arranged close to the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly, and a gap is formed between the fourth metal punch and the first metal punch.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided another method for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by electro-magnetic energy, which comprises compacting and sintering metal powder by using the third apparatus for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by electro-magnetic energy, as described above, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1: filling metal powder in the metal powder containing cavity, wherein the metal powder is positioned between the first metal punch and the second metal punch;
step S2: the second magnetic suspension system is electrified to enable the metal powder to be in a magnetic suspension state;
step S3: the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly is electrified to drive the first metal punch to carry out high-speed compaction on the metal powder; meanwhile, high-frequency large pulse current is introduced into the metal powder through a pulse power supply; the metal powder is compacted and sintered under the combined action of the heat effect generated by high-frequency large pulse current, the high-speed compacting action generated by the electromagnetic compacting driving assembly and the mutual attraction force among the powder.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fourth apparatus for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder using electro-magnetic energy, comprising:
a die, wherein a metal powder containing cavity is arranged in the die;
the first metal punch is arranged at one end of the metal powder containing cavity and is connected with a first electrifying electrode;
the second metal punch is arranged at the other end of the metal powder containing cavity, a second electrifying electrode is connected to the second metal punch, metal powder is filled between the first metal punch and the second metal punch, and the first electrifying electrode and the second electrifying electrode are both connected with a pulse power supply;
the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly corresponds to the first metal punch and is used for driving the first metal punch to move to compact the metal powder;
the metal powder holds the chamber and is the level setting, and mould, first metal drift, second metal drift and electromagnetism compaction drive assembly can wholly follow a horizontal axis and rotate.
In the four devices for realizing high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by utilizing the electro-magnetic energy, the device further comprises a die carrier, a die and an electromagnetic compaction driving assembly are both arranged on the die carrier, the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly comprises a compaction coil, one side of the compaction coil is arranged on the die, the other side of the compaction coil is provided with a magnetic collector, the tip of the magnetic collector is provided with an insulating plate, and the insulating plate is opposite to the first metal punch.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the electromagnetic compaction driving component provides electromagnetic force to drive the first metal punch to impact and compact the metal powder at a high rate; a current loop is formed by a pulse power supply, a first electrifying electrode, a first metal punch, metal powder, a second metal punch and a second electrifying electrode; while compacting by electromagnetic force, introducing high-frequency large pulse current to the metal powder; at the initial moment, the metal powder is in a loose state, the contact resistance between the metal powder is large, the metal powder is heated rapidly due to the large resistance, so that the plasticity of the metal powder is improved, the metal powder is compressed axially in cooperation with high-speed electromagnetic compaction, and the contact resistance between the metal powder is reduced; as the contact resistance becomes smaller, the value of the current passing through the metal powder becomes larger; because the metal powders are subjected to pulse current in the same direction, mutual attraction is generated among the metal powders; finally, the metal powder improves the compaction density of the metal powder under the combined action of the heat effect, the electromagnetic force driving pressurization and the mutual attraction among the powder. In addition, after the large pulse current is introduced into the metal powder, the metal powder can be changed into a semi-solid state and a molten state from a solid state, so that the multi-state compaction of the metal powder is realized, the compaction degree of the metal powder is improved, and the integrated integral manufacturing of compaction and sintering is realized.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the metal powder when a pulse current is applied thereto.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of example 3 of the present invention (the mold frame is not shown).
Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 5 at B.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of an apparatus according to example 4 of the present invention (the mold frame and the electromagnetic compaction driving unit are not shown).
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
1. a mold; 2. a first metal punch; 3. a second metal punch; 4. an electromagnetic compaction drive assembly; 5. a third metal punch; 6. a first magnetic levitation system; 7. a second magnetic levitation system; 8. a fourth metal punch; 9. a horizontal axis; 10. a mold frame; 11. a metal powder accommodating chamber; 21. a first powered electrode; 31. a second electrifying electrode; 41. compacting the coil; 42. a magnetic collector; 43. an insulating plate; 44. a coil backing plate; 100. a metal powder; 101. feeding a mold frame; 102. and (5) lowering the die carrier.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and in the claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the intention is to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships are changed accordingly.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, an apparatus for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by using electro-magnetic energy according to an embodiment of the present invention mainly comprises a die 1, a first metal punch 2, a second metal punch 3 and an electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4. Wherein, a metal powder containing cavity 11 for containing the metal powder 100 to be compacted and sintered is arranged in the die 1; a first metal punch 2 is provided at one end of the metal powder containing chamber 11, and a first electrifying electrode 21 is connected to the first metal punch 2; a second metal punch 3 is provided at the other end of the metal powder containing chamber 11, and a second electrifying electrode 31 is connected to the second metal punch 3; the metal powder 100 is filled between the first metal punch 2 and the second metal punch 3, and the first electrifying electrode 21 and the second electrifying electrode 31 are connected with a pulse power supply (not shown in the figure); the electromagnetic compaction drive assembly 4 corresponds to the first metal punch 2, and is configured to drive the first metal punch 2 to move by electromagnetic force, thereby compacting the metal powder 100 in the metal powder accommodating chamber 11.
The device for realizing high-speed compaction and sintering of the powder by utilizing the electro-magnetic energy is characterized in that the electromagnetic force provided by the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 drives the first metal punch 2 to impact and compact the metal powder 100 at a high speed; a current loop is formed by the pulse power supply, the first electrifying electrode 21, the first metal punch 2, the metal powder 100, the second metal punch 3 and the second electrifying electrode 31; while the electromagnetic force impacts and compacts, the metal powder 100 is introduced with high-frequency large pulse current; at the initial moment, the metal powder 100 is in a loose state, the contact resistance between the metal powder 100 is large, when large current passes through, the temperature of the metal powder 100 is rapidly raised due to the large resistance, so that the plasticity of the metal powder 100 is improved, and the metal powder 100 is axially compressed and the contact resistance between the metal powder 100 is reduced in cooperation with high-speed electromagnetic compaction; as the contact resistance becomes smaller, the value of the current passing through the metal powder 100 becomes larger, and the current is a pulse current; because the metal powders 100 are subjected to pulse current in the same direction, mutual attraction force is generated between the metal powders 100; finally, the metal powder 100 increases the compaction density of the metal powder 100 under the combined action of thermal effect (increased plastic deformation), electromagnetic force driven pressurization (high rate deformation), and powder-to-powder mutual attraction (three-way compressive stress). In addition, after the large pulse current is introduced to the metal powder 100, the metal powder 100 can be changed from a solid state to a semi-solid state and a molten state, so that the multi-state compaction of the metal powder 100 is realized, the compaction degree of the metal powder 100 is improved, and the integrated integral manufacturing of the compaction and the sintering is realized.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the metal powder containing cavity 11 is vertically arranged, the first metal punch 2 is located at the upper part of the metal powder containing cavity 11, the second metal punch 3 is located at the lower part of the metal powder containing cavity 11, and the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 is located above the first metal punch 2 and opposite to the first metal punch 2. By such arrangement, the compacting direction of the metal powder 100 is consistent with the direction of the gravity applied to the metal powder 100, and the density gradient of the metal powder 100 due to the gravity is avoided.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the apparatus further includes a mold frame 10, the mold frame 10 is formed by combining an upper mold frame 101 and a lower mold frame 102, the mold 1 is fixedly mounted on the lower mold frame 102, and the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 is fixedly mounted on the upper mold frame 101; the electromagnetic compaction drive assembly 4 comprises a compaction coil 41, the compaction coil 41 is fixedly arranged on the die 1 through a coil backing plate 44, the other side of the compaction coil 41 is provided with a magnetic collector 42, the tip of the magnetic collector 42 is provided with an insulating plate 43, and the insulating plate 43 is opposite to the first metal punch 2. The mould frame 10, the mould 1, the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 and the like form a whole. The die 1 is made of high-strength materials so as to ensure that the die can bear impact force generated by electromagnetic high-speed compaction; and, the die 1 is made of an insulating material (e.g., ceramic) or an insulating coating is applied on the inner wall of the metal powder containing cavity 11 to ensure that the current on the metal powder 100 is not conducted with the die 1.
The working principle of the device for realizing high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by using electro-magnetic energy of the embodiment is as follows:
step S1: firstly, filling metal powder 100 to be compacted in a metal powder containing cavity 11 of a die 1, so that the metal powder 100 is positioned between a first metal punch 2 and a second metal punch 3;
step S2: energizing the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4, driving the first metal punch 2 to impact downwards at a high speed by magnetic field force generated by the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4, and compacting the metal powder 100 at a high speed; meanwhile, a pulse power supply supplies a high-frequency large pulse current to the metal powder 100 through the first powered electrode 21, the first metal punch 2, the second metal punch 3 and the second powered electrode 31; the metal powder 100 is compacted and sintered under the combined action of the thermal effect generated by the high-frequency large pulse current, the high-speed compaction action generated by the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 and the mutual attraction force among the powders.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 3 and 4, an apparatus for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by using electro-magnetic energy according to an embodiment of the invention mainly comprises a die 1, a first metal punch 2, a second metal punch 3, an electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4, a third metal punch 5 and a first magnetic suspension system 6. Wherein, a metal powder containing cavity 11 is arranged in the die 1; the metal powder containing cavity 11 is vertically arranged, the first metal punch 2 is positioned at the upper part of the metal powder containing cavity 11, and the second metal punch 3 is positioned at the lower part of the metal powder containing cavity 11; a first conductive electrode 21 is connected to the first metal punch 2, and a second conductive electrode 31 is connected to the second metal punch 3; the metal powder 100 is filled between the first metal punch 2 and the second metal punch 3, and the first electrifying electrode 21 and the second electrifying electrode 31 are connected with a pulse power supply (not shown in the figure); the third metal punch 5 is arranged at the upper part of the metal powder containing cavity 11 and is positioned above the first metal punch 2; a first magnetic suspension system 6 is arranged in the die 1 corresponding to the third metal punch 5, when the first magnetic suspension system 6 is electrified, the third metal punch 5 is in a magnetic suspension state, and a gap is formed between the third metal punch 5 and the first metal punch 2; the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 is located above the third metal punch 5 and opposite to the third metal punch 5, and is used for driving the third metal punch 5 and the first metal punch 2 to move through electromagnetic force, so as to compact the metal powder 100.
In the device for realizing high-speed powder compaction and sintering by utilizing electro-magnetic energy, the first magnetic suspension system 6 applies magnetic force to the third metal punch 5 to enable the third metal punch 5 to be in a suspension state; thus, a large clearance exists between the third metal punch 5 and the first metal punch 2 at the initial timing; when the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 is electrified, the first magnetic suspension system 6 is closed, and the third metal punch 5 is accelerated under the combined action of electromagnetic force and gravity; when the third metal punch 5 comes into contact with the first metal punch 2, the kinetic energy of the third metal punch 5 is transmitted to the first metal punch 2, and the metal powder 100 is rapidly compressed by the first metal punch 2 from the beginning. In addition to the advantages of the apparatus of embodiment 1, the apparatus of the present embodiment is also effective in improving the compacting efficiency of the metal powder 100.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the apparatus also includes a mold frame 10, the mold frame 10 is formed by combining an upper mold frame 101 and a lower mold frame 102, the mold 1 is fixedly installed on the lower mold frame 102, and the electromagnetic compaction driving component 4 is fixedly installed on the upper mold frame 101; the electromagnetic compaction drive assembly 4 comprises a compaction coil 41, the compaction coil 41 is fixedly arranged on the die 1 through a coil backing plate 44, the other side of the compaction coil 41 is provided with a magnetic collector 42, the tip of the magnetic collector 42 is provided with an insulating plate 43, and the insulating plate 43 is opposite to the third metal punch 5 and the first metal punch 2. The mould frame 10, the mould 1, the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 and the like form a whole. The die 1 is made of high-strength materials so as to ensure that the die can bear impact force generated by electromagnetic high-speed compaction; and, the die 1 is made of an insulating material (e.g., ceramic) or an insulating coating is applied on the inner wall of the metal powder containing cavity 11 to ensure that the current on the metal powder 100 is not conducted with the die 1.
The working principle of the device for realizing high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by using electro-magnetic energy of the embodiment is as follows:
step S1: firstly, filling metal powder 100 in a metal powder containing cavity 11, and enabling the metal powder 100 to be located between a first metal punch 2 and a second metal punch 3;
step S2: electrifying the first magnetic suspension system 6 to enable the third metal punch 5 to be in a magnetic suspension state, and enabling a gap to be formed between the third metal punch 5 and the first metal punch 2;
step S3: when the metal powder 100 is compacted, the first magnetic suspension system 6 is powered off, the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 is powered on, the third metal punch 5 is driven by electromagnetic force and gravity to impact the first metal punch 2 at a high speed, and the metal powder 100 is compacted at a high speed; meanwhile, a pulse power supply is used for introducing high-frequency large pulse current to the metal powder 100; the metal powder 100 is compacted and sintered under the combined action of the thermal effect generated by the high-frequency large pulse current, the high-speed compaction action generated by the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 and the mutual attraction force among the powders.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 5 and 6, an apparatus for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by using electro-magnetic energy according to an embodiment of the invention mainly comprises a die 1, a first metal punch 2, a second metal punch 3, an electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4, a second magnetic suspension system 7 and a fourth metal punch 8. Wherein, a metal powder containing cavity 11 is arranged in the die 1; the metal powder containing cavity 11 is horizontally arranged, the first metal punch 2 is arranged at one end of the metal powder containing cavity 11, and the first metal punch 2 is connected with a first electrifying electrode 21; the second metal punch 3 is arranged at the other end of the metal powder containing cavity 11, and a second electrifying electrode 31 is connected to the second metal punch 3; the metal powder 100 is filled between the first metal punch 2 and the second metal punch 3, and the first electrifying electrode 21 and the second electrifying electrode 31 are connected with a pulse power supply (not shown in the figure); a fourth metal punch 8 is further arranged between the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 and the first metal punch 2, the fourth metal punch 8 is arranged close to the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4, and a gap is formed between the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2; the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 is positioned on the outer sides of the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2 and is opposite to the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2; a second magnetic suspension system 7 is arranged in the die 1 below the metal powder 100, and when the second magnetic suspension system 7 is electrified, the metal powder 100 is in a magnetic suspension state.
In the device for realizing high-speed powder compaction and sintering by utilizing the electro-magnetic energy, the metal powder containing cavity 11 is horizontally arranged, and the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 drives the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2 from the horizontal direction to compact the metal powder 100; at the initial moment of compaction, a certain gap is arranged between the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2, so that the fourth metal punch 8 has a time period of being accelerated; the metal powder 100 is magnetically suspended by the second magnetic suspension system 7, so that a powder density gradient in the vertical direction of the metal powder 100 due to gravity is avoided.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the apparatus further includes a mold frame 10 (not shown in fig. 4), the mold 1 and the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 are mounted on the mold frame 10, the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 includes a compaction coil 41, one side of the compaction coil 41 is mounted on the mold 1, the other side of the compaction coil 41 is provided with a magnetic collector 42, the tip of the magnetic collector 42 is provided with an insulating plate 43, and the insulating plate 43 faces the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2. The die 1 is made of high-strength materials so as to ensure that the die can bear impact force generated by electromagnetic high-speed compaction; and, the die 1 is made of an insulating material (such as ceramic) or an insulating coating is applied on the inner wall of the metal powder containing cavity 11 to ensure that the current on the metal powder 100 is not conducted with the die 1.
The working principle of the device for realizing high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by using electro-magnetic energy of the embodiment is as follows:
step S1: firstly, filling metal powder 100 in a metal powder containing cavity 11, and enabling the metal powder 100 to be located between a first metal punch 2 and a second metal punch 3;
step S2: electrifying the second magnetic suspension system 7 to enable the metal powder 100 to be in a magnetic suspension state;
step S3: when the metal powder 100 is compacted, the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 is electrified to drive the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2 to compact the metal powder 100 at a high speed; meanwhile, a pulse power supply is used for introducing high-frequency large pulse current to the metal powder 100; the metal powder 100 is compacted and sintered under the combined action of the thermal effect generated by the large-frequency pulse current, the high-speed compaction action generated by the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 and the mutual attraction force among the powders.
Example 4:
referring to fig. 7, an apparatus for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by using electro-magnetic energy according to an embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a die 1, a first metal punch 2, a second metal punch 3, an electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 (not shown in fig. 5), a fourth metal punch 8 and a horizontal shaft 9. The die comprises a die 1, a first metal punch 2, a second metal punch 21, a metal powder containing cavity 11, a first metal punch 2 and a second metal punch, wherein the metal powder containing cavity 11 is arranged in the die 1, the metal powder containing cavity 11 is horizontally arranged, and the first metal punch 2 is connected with the first electrifying electrode 21; the second metal punch 3 is arranged at the other end of the metal powder containing cavity 11, a second electrifying electrode 31 is connected to the second metal punch 3, the metal powder 100 is filled between the first metal punch 2 and the second metal punch 3, and the first electrifying electrode 21 and the second electrifying electrode 31 are both connected with a pulse power supply (not shown in the figure); a fourth metal punch 8 is further arranged between the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 and the first metal punch 2, the fourth metal punch 8 is arranged close to the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4, and a gap is formed between the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2; the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 is positioned on the outer sides of the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2 and is opposite to the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2; the die 1, the first metal punch 2, the second metal punch 3 and the electromagnetic compaction drive assembly 4 can rotate integrally along a horizontal axis 9.
In the device for realizing high-speed powder compaction and sintering by utilizing the electro-magnetic energy, the metal powder containing cavity 11 is horizontally arranged, and the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 drives the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2 from the horizontal direction to compact the metal powder 100; at the initial moment of compaction, a certain gap is provided between the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2, so that the fourth metal punch 8 has a period of time to be accelerated. Unlike embodiment 3 of the present invention, in this embodiment, the second magnetic levitation system 7 is not provided, but a horizontal shaft 9 is provided, so that the whole device rotates along the horizontal shaft 9 during the compaction process, which also can prevent the metal powder 100 from generating a powder density gradient in the vertical direction due to gravity.
Further, in this embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a mold frame 10 (not shown in fig. 5), and the mold 1 and the electromagnetic compaction drive assembly 4 are mounted on the mold frame 10. The electromagnetic compaction drive assembly 4 comprises a compaction coil 41, one side of the compaction coil 41 is arranged on the die 1, the other side of the compaction coil 41 is provided with a magnetic collector 42, the tip of the magnetic collector 42 is provided with an insulating plate 43, and the insulating plate 43 is opposite to the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2. The die 1 is made of high-strength materials so as to ensure that the die can bear impact force generated by electromagnetic high-speed compaction; and, the die 1 is made of an insulating material (e.g., ceramic) or an insulating coating is applied on the inner wall of the metal powder containing cavity 11 to ensure that the current on the metal powder 100 is not conducted with the die 1.
The working principle of the device for realizing high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by using electro-magnetic energy of the embodiment is as follows:
step S1: firstly, filling metal powder 100 in a metal powder containing cavity 11, and enabling the metal powder 100 to be located between a first metal punch 2 and a second metal punch 3;
step S2: when the metal powder 100 is compacted, the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 is electrified to drive the fourth metal punch 8 and the first metal punch 2 to compact the metal powder 100 at a high speed; meanwhile, the whole device is rotated along a horizontal shaft 9; the metal powder 100 is compacted and sintered under the combined action of the thermal effect generated by the large-frequency pulse current, the high-speed compaction action generated by the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly 4 and the mutual attraction force among the powders.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An apparatus for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder using electro-magnetic energy, comprising:
the die comprises a die (1), wherein a metal powder containing cavity (11) is arranged in the die (1);
the first metal punch (2) is arranged at one end of the metal powder containing cavity (11), and a first electrifying electrode (21) is connected to the first metal punch (2);
the second metal punch (3) is arranged at the other end of the metal powder containing cavity (11), a second electrifying electrode (31) is connected to the second metal punch (3), metal powder (100) is filled between the first metal punch (2) and the second metal punch (3), and both the first electrifying electrode (21) and the second electrifying electrode (31) are connected with a pulse power supply;
an electromagnetic compaction driving assembly (4) corresponding to the first metal punch (2) for driving the first metal punch (2) to move to compact the metal powder (100);
the metal powder accommodating cavity (11) is horizontally arranged, the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly (4) is located on the outer side of the first metal punch (2) and is opposite to the first metal punch (2), a second magnetic suspension system (7) is arranged below the metal powder (100) in the die (1), and the metal powder (100) is in a magnetic suspension state when the second magnetic suspension system (7) is electrified.
2. The device for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by utilizing electro-magnetic energy according to claim 1 is characterized in that a fourth metal punch (8) is further arranged between the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly (4) and the first metal punch (2), the fourth metal punch (8) is arranged close to the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly (4), and a gap is formed between the fourth metal punch (8) and the first metal punch (2).
3. The device for realizing high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by utilizing electro-magnetic energy according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized by further comprising a die frame (10), wherein the die (1) and the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly (4) are both mounted on the die frame (10), the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly (4) comprises a compaction coil (41), one side of the compaction coil (41) is mounted on the die (1), the other side of the compaction coil (41) is provided with a magnetic collector (42), the tip of the magnetic collector (42) is provided with an insulating plate (43), and the insulating plate (43) is opposite to the first metal punch (2).
4. A method for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by using electro-magnetic energy, characterized in that the metal powder is compacted and sintered by using the device for achieving high-speed compaction and sintering of powder by using electro-magnetic energy according to claim 1, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1: filling the metal powder (100) in the metal powder containing cavity (11), the metal powder (100) being located between the first metal punch (2) and the second metal punch (3);
step S2: the second magnetic suspension system (7) is electrified to enable the metal powder (100) to be in a magnetic suspension state;
step S3: the electromagnetic compaction driving assembly (4) is electrified to drive the first metal punch (2) to compact the metal powder (100) at a high rate; meanwhile, high-frequency large pulse current is introduced into the metal powder (100) through the pulse power supply; the metal powder (100) is compacted and sintered under the combined action of the thermal effect generated by high-frequency large pulse current, the high-speed compacting action generated by the electromagnetic compacting driving assembly (4) and the mutual attraction force among the powder.
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