CN112846167A - Single-mold casting machine for pouring aluminum piston blank by tilting 90 degrees and using method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-mold casting machine for pouring an aluminum piston blank by tilting 90 degrees and a using method thereof. The casting machine comprises a frame, a workbench, tilting oil cylinders, a pouring system, a hydraulic system and an electrical system, wherein the workbench is arranged on the frame, the pouring system is arranged on the workbench, aluminum liquid is introduced into the pouring system to pour a piston blank, the tilting oil cylinders are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom of the frame, the other ends of the tilting oil cylinders are connected to the workbench, the tilting oil cylinders and the pouring system are both connected to the hydraulic system, and the hydraulic system is connected with the electrical system. The piston blank is poured by tilting 90 degrees, so that the aluminum liquid is poured in an inertia mode under the action of gravity, the aluminum liquid is filled in the pouring cavity from bottom to top, the influence of an air gap in plane pouring is avoided, meanwhile, the feeding position of the piston blank is adjusted to the side, the influence on the performance of a piston combustion chamber is avoided, and the mechanical performance and the thermal fatigue resistance of the piston blank are improved.

Description

Single-mold casting machine for pouring aluminum piston blank by tilting 90 degrees and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a single-mold casting machine for pouring an aluminum piston blank by tilting 90 degrees and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of piston casting.

Background

Aluminium piston blank pouring machine that mainstream adopted in the existing market includes the machine body, electrical system, hydraulic system and cooling system, machine pouring piston blank is upright structure, the head is last promptly, the skirt portion is under, but thick big benefit throat can appear in cast blank piston head top surface combustion chamber position, hardly realize quick cooling after the shaping, it is thick and thick to form the grain structure like this, the metallographic structure is relatively poor, air pocket sand hole appears easily, the installation back piston will bear the high explosion pressure of high temperature, the metallographic structure is relatively poor and the mechanical properties of piston can be influenced to air pocket sand hole, make its thermal fatigue resistance decline.

Chinese patent document CN106735142B discloses an automatic casting machine for producing aluminum piston blanks, which is characterized in that: comprises a casting host, a casting taking and casting quenching mechanical arm and a pouring robot which are mutually matched; the casting host machine comprises a machine body and a main frame, wherein the main frame is installed at the upper end of the machine body, a central core mechanism is installed in the machine body, an outer mold mechanism and a top mold mechanism are installed on the main frame, the outer mold mechanism controls the opening and closing of the left outer mold and the right outer mold, the top mold mechanism controls the opening and closing of the top mold and the outer mold, and the central core mechanism controls the lifting of the central core; the casting taking and casting quenching manipulator comprises a large support, a three-shaft linkage mechanism arranged on the large support and a gas claw arranged on the three-shaft linkage mechanism, wherein the gas claw is used for taking a casting from a casting main machine. The casting machine improves the production efficiency, but does not solve the technical problems that the cast piston blank has poor metallographic structure and is easy to have air holes and air holes.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the single-mode casting machine for casting the aluminum piston blank by tilting 90 degrees, the cast piston blank has fine grain structure and good metallographic structure, air hole and sand hole are avoided, and the mechanical property and the thermal fatigue resistance of the piston blank are improved.

The invention also provides a use method of the single-mold casting machine for pouring the aluminum piston blank by tilting 90 degrees.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a 90 single mode casting machine of pouring aluminum piston blank verts, includes the frame, the workstation, the hydro-cylinder verts, the gating system, hydraulic system and electrical system, wherein, sets up the workstation in the frame, sets up the gating system on the workstation, carries out the piston blank pouring through letting in aluminium liquid in the gating system, and frame bottom both sides set up the hydro-cylinder that verts respectively, and the hydro-cylinder other end that verts is connected to the workstation, and the hydro-cylinder that verts and gating system all are connected to hydraulic system, and electrical system is connected to hydraulic system.

Preferably, the workstation includes upper plate and lower plate, and upper plate and lower plate are connected through 4 stands, and the lower plate both sides are connected to the frame through the pivot, and the hydro-cylinder that verts is connected to the stand.

Further preferably, the gating system comprises an upper tool, a lower tool, a left tool and a right tool, wherein telescopic oil cylinders are arranged on two sides of the lower base plate respectively and are connected to the left tool and the right tool through brackets respectively, a telescopic oil cylinder is arranged on the lower side of the lower base plate and is connected with the lower tool through a lower cylindrical guide rail, a telescopic oil cylinder is arranged on the upper side of the upper base plate and is connected with the upper tool through an upper cylindrical guide rail, the shape of a casting cavity formed by closing the upper tool, the lower tool, the left tool and the right tool is a piston shape, and each telescopic oil cylinder is connected to the hydraulic system respectively.

Preferably, the lower bottom plates on the two sides of the left tool and the right tool are provided with square guide rails, the left tool and the right tool stretch along the square guide rails, the direction is fixed, and the stretching process is guaranteed not to deviate in the direction.

Preferably, set up salt core bracing piece on the lower frock, support the salt core through the salt core bracing piece, avoid the salt core to take place the skew when moving along with the gating system.

Preferably, the frame is provided with a suction device, the suction device is connected to the salt core supporting rod, and the suction device absorbs gas generated by heating of the salt core, so that the porosity of the piston blank is reduced.

Preferably, the positioning disc is fixedly arranged on the lower bottom plate, the lower tool penetrates through the positioning disc, the upper tool, the left tool and the right tool are respectively attached to the positioning disc, the positions of the upper tool, the lower tool, the left tool and the right tool are corrected through the positioning disc, the position is guaranteed to be accurate, and the product quality is improved.

Further preferably, the inner side and the outer side of the positioning disc are respectively provided with a positioning pin, the inner side positioning pin is matched with the fixed lower tool, the outer side positioning pin is matched with the fixed left tool and the fixed right tool, the two sides of the lower end face of the upper tool are respectively provided with a positioning column, the left tool and the right tool are provided with positioning holes corresponding to the positions of the positioning columns, and the upper tool is positioned through the positioning columns.

Preferably, set up temperature sensor on last frock, lower frock, left frock and the right frock respectively, temperature sensor is connected to electrical system, detects the pouring temperature through temperature sensor, reports to the police when the temperature is not up to standard, guarantees that the piston blank solidifies the grain structure.

Preferably, go up frock, frock down, left frock and the inside cooling water course that sets up respectively of right frock for the blank cooling is set up the cooling water course in the bracket, avoids heat conduction to frame and telescopic cylinder, influences life, sets up flow sensor and solenoid valve in the external pipeline of cooling water course, and the control lets in the flow and the time of cooling water, guarantees that every position cools off evenly.

Preferably, go up frock one side and set up the runner, the runner is connected to the pouring cavity through watering perpendicularly and horizontal, horizontal watering extends to right frock through last frock, pouring cavity one side sets up the benefit throat, the import symmetry that the benefit throat got into the pouring cavity with aluminium liquid sets up, it is more steady to make the pouring, the piston solidification position after the pouring waters at the level and mends the contact surface of throat and piston, the combustion chamber at piston top can not appear, the cooling rate at piston top has been accelerated, make the crystalline grain tissue tiny, the metallographic structure is good.

Further preferably, a filter screen is arranged at the joint of the horizontal pouring channel of the upper tool and the right tool to filter impurities in the molten aluminum.

Preferably, the top surface junction of left frock and right frock sets up the recess, sets up the hoop in the recess.

The use method of the single-mold casting machine for pouring the aluminum piston blank by tilting 90 degrees comprises the following operation steps:

(1) opening an electrical system, driving a casting machine to work by a hydraulic system, enabling a lower tool to move upwards and penetrate through a positioning disc, enabling the top of the lower tool to be exposed out of the positioning disc upwards, and arranging a salt core on a salt core supporting rod;

(2) the left tool and the right tool move towards the positioning disc until the positioning disc is attached, the left tool and the right tool are closed, and an iron ring is installed in the groove;

(3) the upper tool moves downwards, is pressed on the left tool and the right tool and is integrally closed to form a closed pouring cavity;

(4) the tilting oil cylinder retracts to drive the workbench and the pouring system to tilt by 90 degrees, at the moment, the pouring gate is upward, and aluminum liquid is poured through the pouring gate;

(5) the aluminum liquid enters the pouring cavity through the vertical pouring gate and the horizontal pouring gate until the pouring cavity is filled with the aluminum liquid, and feeding is carried out through the feeding port, so that pouring is more stable;

(6) after the pouring is completed, the tilting oil cylinder extends, the workbench and the pouring system are reset, then the upper tool, the left tool, the right tool and the lower tool are reset in sequence, and the blank is taken out and placed in a water tank for cooling.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the piston blank is poured by tilting 90 degrees, so that the aluminum liquid is poured in an inertia mode under the action of gravity, the aluminum liquid is filled in the pouring cavity from bottom to top, the influence of an air gap in plane pouring is avoided, air holes are avoided, meanwhile, the feeding position of the piston blank is adjusted to the side face, the influence on the performance of a piston combustion chamber is avoided, the cast piston blank is fine in grain structure and good in metallographic structure, air hole and sand holes are avoided, and the mechanical performance and the thermal fatigue resistance of the piston blank are improved.

2. The gas suction device is arranged and connected to the salt core supporting rod, and gas generated by heating the salt core is absorbed through the gas suction device, so that the porosity of the piston blank is reduced.

3. According to the invention, the positions of the upper tool, the lower tool, the left tool and the right tool are corrected through the positioning disc, so that the position accuracy is ensured, and the product quality is improved.

4. Go up frock, frock down, left frock and the inside cooling water course that sets up respectively of right frock for the blank cooling is set up the cooling water course in the bracket, avoids heat conduction to frame and telescopic cylinder, influences life, sets up flow sensor and solenoid valve in the external pipeline of cooling water course, and the control lets in the flow and the time of cooling water, guarantees that every position cooling is even.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in a closed state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the pouring state structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the open state structure of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a puck structure of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a puck of the present invention in use;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the upper tooling structure of the present invention;

wherein: 1. a frame; 2. a work table; 3. a hydraulic system; 4. an electrical system; 5. a pouring system; 6. a suction device; 7. a bracket; 8. a column; 9. positioning a plate; 10. a tilting cylinder; 11. a square guide rail; 12. a lower cylindrical guide rail; 13. an upper cylindrical guide rail; 14. a left tool; 15. a right tool; 16. assembling a tool; 17. a lower tool; 18. a salt core support rod; 19. a necking is supplemented; 20. a gate; 21. a filter screen placing groove; 22. positioning pins; 23. a positioning column; 24. positioning holes; 25. a groove; 26. a vertical pouring channel; 27. a horizontal runner.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described by way of examples, but not limited thereto, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1-7, the present embodiment provides a single-mode casting machine for tilting 90 ° cast aluminum piston blank, including frame 1, workstation 2, tilt cylinder 10, gating system 5, hydraulic system 3 and electrical system 4, wherein, set up workstation 2 on frame 1, set up gating system 5 on workstation 2, carry out the piston blank casting through letting in aluminium liquid in gating system 5, frame 1 bottom both sides set up tilt cylinder 10 respectively, tilt cylinder 10 other end is connected to workstation 2, tilt cylinder 10 and gating system 5 all are connected to hydraulic system 3, hydraulic system 3 connects electrical system 4.

The workbench 2 comprises an upper base plate and a lower base plate, the upper base plate and the lower base plate are connected through 4 stand columns 8, the two sides of the lower base plate are connected to the rack through rotating shafts, and the tilting oil cylinders are connected to the stand columns.

The pouring system 5 comprises an upper tool 16, a lower tool 17, a left tool 14 and a right tool 15, telescopic oil cylinders are arranged on two sides of a lower bottom plate respectively and are connected to the left tool 14 and the right tool 15 respectively through brackets 7, a telescopic oil cylinder is arranged on the lower side of the lower bottom plate and is connected with the lower tool 17 through a lower cylindrical guide rail 12, a telescopic oil cylinder is arranged on the upper side of the upper bottom plate and is connected with the upper tool 16 through an upper cylindrical guide rail 13, the shape of a pouring cavity formed by closing the upper tool 16, the lower tool 17, the left tool 14 and the right tool 15 is a piston shape, and all the telescopic oil cylinders are connected to the hydraulic system 3 respectively.

Set up square guide rail 11 on the lower plate of left frock 14 and right frock 15 both sides, left frock 14 and right frock 15 are flexible along square guide rail, and the direction is fixed, guarantees that flexible process can not take place the direction skew.

Set up salt core bracing piece 18 on the frock 17 down, support the salt core through salt core bracing piece 18, avoid the salt core to take place the skew when moving along with the gating system.

The positioning disc 9 is fixedly arranged on the lower bottom plate, the lower tool 17 penetrates through the positioning disc 9, the positioning discs are attached to the upper tool 16, the left tool 14 and the right tool 15 respectively, the positions of the upper tool, the lower tool, the left tool and the right tool are corrected through the positioning disc 9, the position is guaranteed to be accurate, and the product quality is improved.

Locating pins 22 are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the locating disc 9 respectively, the inner side locating pin is matched with the fixed lower tool 17, the outer side locating pin is matched with the fixed left tool 14 and the right tool 15, locating columns 23 are arranged on the two sides of the lower end face of the upper tool 16 respectively, locating holes 24 corresponding to the positions of the locating columns are arranged on the left tool 14 and the right tool 15, and the upper tool is located through the locating columns.

Go up frock, frock down, left frock and the inside cooling water course that sets up respectively of right frock, cool down through letting in the cooling water for the blank cooling, set up the cooling water course in the bracket respectively, avoid heat conduction to frame and telescopic cylinder, influence life, set up flow sensor and solenoid valve in the external pipeline of cooling water course, the control lets in the flow and the time of cooling water, guarantees that every position cools off evenly.

Go up 16 one sides of frock and set up runner 20, runner 20 is connected to the pouring cavity through runner 26 and horizontal runner 27 perpendicularly, horizontal runner extends to right frock through last frock, pouring cavity one side sets up the benefit throat 19, the import symmetry that the benefit throat 19 got into the pouring cavity with aluminium liquid sets up, it is more steady to make the pouring, the piston solidification position after the pouring is at the contact surface of horizontal runner and benefit throat and piston, the combustion chamber at piston top can not appear, the cooling rate at piston top has been accelerated, it is tiny to make the crystalline grain tissue, the metallographic structure is good.

The connecting part of the horizontal pouring gate of the upper tool and the right tool is provided with a filter screen, and a filter screen accommodating groove 21 is shown in figure 6 and used for filtering impurities in molten aluminum.

The top surface junction of left side frock and right frock sets up recess 25, sets up the hoop in the recess 25, fixes salt core and piston blank through the hoop, and the casting machine verts 90 and pours into a mould and makes hoop and salt core be the level setting, can not take place the offset and drop, guarantees the pouring effect.

The use method of the single-mold casting machine for pouring the aluminum piston blank by tilting 90 degrees comprises the following operation steps:

(1) opening an electrical system, driving a casting machine to work by a hydraulic system, enabling a lower tool to move upwards and penetrate through a positioning disc, enabling the top of the lower tool to be exposed out of the positioning disc upwards, and arranging a salt core on a salt core supporting rod;

(2) the left tool and the right tool move towards the positioning disc until the positioning disc is attached, the left tool and the right tool are closed, and an iron ring is installed in the groove;

(3) the upper tool moves downwards, is pressed on the left tool and the right tool and is integrally closed to form a closed pouring cavity;

(4) the tilting oil cylinder retracts to drive the workbench and the pouring system to tilt by 90 degrees, at the moment, the pouring gate is upward, and aluminum liquid is poured through the pouring gate;

(5) the aluminum liquid enters the pouring cavity through the vertical pouring gate and the horizontal pouring gate until the pouring cavity is filled with the aluminum liquid, and feeding is carried out through the feeding port, so that pouring is more stable;

(6) after the pouring is completed, the tilting oil cylinder extends, the workbench and the pouring system are reset, then the upper tool, the left tool, the right tool and the lower tool are reset in sequence, and the blank is taken out and placed in a water tank for cooling.

Example 2:

the utility model provides a 90 single mode casting machine of pouring aluminum piston blank verts, the structure is as embodiment 1, the difference lies in, sets up temperature sensor on last frock, lower frock, left frock and the right frock respectively, and temperature sensor is connected to electrical system, detects the pouring temperature through temperature sensor, reports to the police when the temperature is not up to standard, guarantees that the piston blank solidifies the crystalline grain structure.

Example 3:

a single-mold casting machine for pouring aluminum piston blanks by tilting 90 degrees is structurally as described in embodiment 1, except that a suction device 6 is arranged on a machine frame 1, the suction device 6 is connected to a salt core supporting rod 18, and gas generated by heating of a salt core is absorbed through the suction device, so that the porosity of the piston blanks is reduced.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a 90 single mode casting machine of pouring aluminium piston blank verts, a serial communication port, which comprises a frame, a workbench, the hydro-cylinder verts, the gating system, hydraulic system and electrical system, wherein, set up the workstation in the frame, set up the gating system on the workstation, carry out the piston blank pouring through letting in aluminium liquid in the gating system, frame bottom both sides set up the hydro-cylinder that verts respectively, the hydro-cylinder other end that verts is connected to the workstation, the hydro-cylinder that verts all is connected to hydraulic system with the gating system, hydraulic system connects electrical system.

2. The single-mold casting machine for aluminum piston blanks cast through tilting 90 ° as claimed in claim 1, wherein the work bench comprises an upper base plate and a lower base plate, the upper base plate and the lower base plate are connected through 4 columns, both sides of the lower base plate are connected to the machine frame through rotating shafts, and the tilting cylinders are connected to the columns.

3. The single-mode casting machine for pouring aluminum piston blanks through tilting 90 degrees as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the pouring system comprises an upper tool, a lower tool, a left tool and a right tool, wherein telescopic oil cylinders are respectively arranged on two sides of a lower base plate, the telescopic oil cylinders are respectively connected to the left tool and the right tool through brackets, the lower side of the lower base plate is provided with a telescopic oil cylinder, the telescopic oil cylinder is connected with the lower tool through a lower cylindrical guide rail, the upper side of the upper base plate is provided with a telescopic oil cylinder, the telescopic oil cylinder is connected with the upper tool through an upper cylindrical guide rail, the shape of a pouring cavity formed by closing the upper tool, the lower tool, the left tool and the right tool is a;

preferably, square guide rails are arranged on the lower bottom plates on two sides of the left tool and the right tool.

4. The single-mold casting machine for casting aluminum piston blanks tilted 90 ° as claimed in claim 3 wherein the lower tooling is provided with a salt core support rod.

5. The single-mold casting machine for aluminum piston billets cast at 90 ° with tilting as claimed in claim 4 wherein the frame is provided with suction means connected to the salt core support rod.

6. The single-die casting machine for aluminum piston blanks through tilting 90 degrees according to claim 4, wherein a positioning disc is fixedly arranged on the lower bottom plate, the lower tool penetrates through the positioning disc, and the upper tool, the left tool and the right tool are respectively attached to the positioning disc;

preferably, the inner side and the outer side of the positioning disc are respectively provided with a positioning pin, the inner side positioning pin is matched with the fixed lower tool, the outer side positioning pin is matched with the fixed left tool and the fixed right tool, the two sides of the lower end face of the upper tool are respectively provided with a positioning column, and the left tool and the right tool are provided with positioning holes corresponding to the positions of the positioning columns.

7. The single-mode casting machine for pouring an aluminum piston blank by tilting 90 degrees as claimed in claim 3, wherein the upper tool, the lower tool, the left tool and the right tool are respectively provided with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensors are connected to an electrical system;

preferably, the upper tool, the lower tool, the left tool and the right tool are respectively internally provided with a cooling water channel, the bracket is internally provided with the cooling water channel, and the external pipeline of the cooling water channel is internally provided with a flow sensor and an electromagnetic valve.

8. The single-die casting machine for aluminum piston blanks through tilting 90 degrees as claimed in claim 6, wherein a sprue is arranged at one side of the upper tooling, the sprue is connected to the casting cavity through a vertical pouring gate and a horizontal pouring gate, the horizontal pouring gate extends to the right tooling through the upper tooling, a feeding opening is arranged at one side in the casting cavity, and the feeding opening is symmetrically arranged with an inlet of the aluminum liquid into the casting cavity;

preferably, a filter screen is arranged at the joint of the horizontal pouring gate of the upper tool and the right tool.

9. The single-mold casting machine for aluminum piston blanks through tilting 90 ° as claimed in claim 8, wherein a groove is provided at the junction of the top surfaces of the left tooling and the right tooling, and an iron ring is provided in the groove.

10. A method of using a single mold casting machine for pouring aluminum piston blanks tilted 90 ° as claimed in claim 9, wherein the steps of:

(1) opening an electrical system, driving a casting machine to work by a hydraulic system, enabling a lower tool to move upwards and penetrate through a positioning disc, enabling the top of the lower tool to be exposed out of the positioning disc upwards, and arranging a salt core on a salt core supporting rod;

(2) the left tool and the right tool move towards the positioning disc until the positioning disc is attached, the left tool and the right tool are closed, and an iron ring is installed in the groove;

(3) the upper tool moves downwards, is pressed on the left tool and the right tool and is integrally closed to form a closed pouring cavity;

(4) the tilting oil cylinder retracts to drive the workbench and the pouring system to tilt by 90 degrees, at the moment, the pouring gate is upward, and aluminum liquid is poured through the pouring gate;

(5) the aluminum liquid enters the pouring cavity through the vertical pouring gate and the horizontal pouring gate until the pouring cavity is filled with the aluminum liquid, and feeding is carried out through the feeding port, so that pouring is more stable;

(6) after the pouring is completed, the tilting oil cylinder extends, the workbench and the pouring system are reset, then the upper tool, the left tool, the right tool and the lower tool are reset in sequence, and the blank is taken out and placed in a water tank for cooling.

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