CN112845560B - Ectopic repair process for polluted soil - Google Patents
Ectopic repair process for polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112845560B CN112845560B CN202110320012.2A CN202110320012A CN112845560B CN 112845560 B CN112845560 B CN 112845560B CN 202110320012 A CN202110320012 A CN 202110320012A CN 112845560 B CN112845560 B CN 112845560B
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- rotary drum
- sleeve
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- tray
- shaft
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Natural products CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 5
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012028 Fenton's reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- MGZTXXNFBIUONY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;iron(2+);sulfuric acid Chemical compound [Fe+2].OO.OS(O)(=O)=O MGZTXXNFBIUONY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005285 chemical preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011640 ferrous citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019850 ferrous citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APVZWAOKZPNDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) citrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].OC(=O)CC(O)(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O APVZWAOKZPNDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011020 pilot scale process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
- B01F29/80—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a substantially vertical axis
- B01F29/85—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices, e.g. rotating about an inclined axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
- B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
- B09C1/085—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically electrochemically, e.g. by electrokinetics
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of soil remediation, and relates to a contaminated soil ex-situ remediation device and process. Comprises a sleeve and a rotary drum arranged inside the sleeve; one side of the sleeve and the rotary drum, which is far away from the open side of the sleeve, is connected through a first center shaft; the rotary drum comprises a rotary drum body, a sleeve barrel and a rotary drum, wherein the rotary drum body is provided with a rotary drum, and the rotary drum body is provided with a rotary drum tray; the rotary drum tray is connected with the sleeve tray through a second center shaft; at least one of the first center shaft and the second center shaft is hollow and is communicated into the rotary drum to serve as a rotating shaft; the rotary shaft is provided with a stirring paddle arranged inside the cylinder, a driving module connected with the rotary shaft and used for driving the rotary shaft and/or the rotary drum to rotate, and a limiting module used for limiting the rotation direction of the rotary shaft. The invention can simplify the structures of the rotary drum and the sleeve, and can directly utilize the working mode of the device to realize primary slurry dehydration; and a demister or an air valve structure is introduced, so that the dissipation of water vapor is reduced or prevented, and the heat loss is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of soil remediation, and relates to an ectopic remediation process for polluted soil.
Background
Among the contaminated soil ex-situ remediation techniques, leaching and chemical reaction are the most widely used techniques. The leaching method is to wash out the pollutants from the soil by using leaching solution, and the chemical reaction method is to add chemical agents into the polluted soil, and remove the pollutants in the soil or make the pollutants difficult to dissolve in groundwater through oxidation-reduction, precipitation, complexation and other chemical reactions. In engineering applications, the leaching technique is usually combined with the chemical reaction technique, and the leaching method is used as a pretreatment, and the chemical reaction method is used as a main procedure, so that the amount of chemical substances added into the soil can be reduced, and the risk of secondary pollution is avoided or reduced.
The existing heavy metal contaminated soil is usually repaired by adopting leaching and chemical reaction processes, such as: the chromium-polluted soil adopts a leaching-chemical reduction process, and the arsenic adopts a leaching-chemical oxidation process. However, these processes are carried out at normal temperature. However, the latest research results show that for the polluted soil with longer pollution history and higher heavy metal content, the normal-temperature leaching and chemical reaction process can not restore the heavy metal content of the soil to the target value. Such as: the soil at the bottom of the chromium slag heap where the hexavalent chromium content is 600 mg/kg cannot be repaired to a target value by any existing reducing agent, and the heavy-pollution soil is required to adopt a high Wen Linxi-reduction technology, namely, the repair efficiency is greatly improved by improving the temperature of leaching and chemical reaction. But heating results in a significant increase in energy consumption, making it economically unfeasible.
Therefore, the patent of the invention of the application number 201910984657.9, namely a contaminated soil ex-situ remediation device, a working mode and a process thereof, is filed before, and can remove hot water in slurry after the remediation is completed and stay in a system for closed and recycling, so that the cost of heating water in the next batch is reduced, and the high Wen Linxi-chemical reaction technology is economically possible.
However, in the process of further equipment development, the design and the operation mode of the device have larger defects, and a great room for improvement exists. The specific disadvantages are: (1) The single equipment has small processing capacity and is not suitable for large-scale soil restoration projects. The original design rotary drum can be taken out from the sleeve upwards, the rotary drum is placed in a slurry pool through a crane to start a dehydration mode during feeding, dehydrated slurry is obtained, and then the rotary drum is lifted and moved into the sleeve. Because the bottom of the rotary drum is suspended, when the rotary drum is rotated and dehydrated, if the rotating speed is higher or the diameter of the rotary drum is larger or the height of the rotary drum is higher, the diameter and the height of the rotary drum are severely limited, and numerical simulation calculation and preliminary test results show that the diameter cannot exceed 0.4 meter and the height cannot exceed 1 meter. (2) The auxiliary feeding system is huge, the rotary drum needs to be lifted and moved between the slurry pond and the sleeve, when the engineering quantity is large and a plurality of sets of equipment are required to run simultaneously, the auxiliary feeding system is not suitable for being lifted by a general crane, and a huge crane system needs to be built, so that the equipment investment is greatly increased, and the running management burden and the failure rate are also greatly increased. And (3) the feeding time of each batch is long, and the operation efficiency is low. Each time the rotary drum lifts by crane, puts into the mud pit, takes dehydrated mud, lifts again and gets into the sleeve and satisfies assembly and sealing requirement, then gets into the restoration link, and the pilot scale experiment shows that the time consumption of this feeding process can reach 40-65% in the processing of a batch. (4) there is still room for reduced heat dissipation. In the original design, as the feeding time of each batch is too long and the opening time of the sleeve is too long, the heat storage of the sleeve can be dissipated, and the heat storage of the rotary drum can be rapidly and thoroughly dissipated in the mud pit, so that extra heat is consumed in each batch on the temperature rise of the rotary drum and the sleeve.
The invention aims at the defects, and improves the device design and the corresponding operation process, and specifically comprises the following steps: (1) The rotary drum is fixed in the sleeve through the two middle shafts and the plurality of bearing sets and can not swing, and is not taken out any more during operation, so that the diameter and the height of the rotary drum can be more than 2 meters, and the rotating speed can be more than 1400 revolutions per minute. (2) The slurry flows through the hollow shaft by a slurry pump or high gravity to enter the rotary drum and is dehydrated, so that the feeding time is shortened by about 50%, and the unit time processing capacity of a single device is doubled, namely, the processing efficiency is 2 times that of the original design. (3) Since the drum and the sleeve are no longer separated and the openings of the drum and the sleeve are downward, the feeding time of each batch is shortened, so that the heat storage loss of the drum and the sleeve is obviously reduced (especially the heat storage of the drum is not lost in a mud pit any more), and the heating energy consumption of each batch is further reduced. (4) In addition, the design of the invention is additionally provided with a demister or an air valve, so that the heat energy loss caused by water vapor loss in the running process is further reduced. (5) Because the hoisting system is omitted, when the repair engineering quantity is large, the equipment investment of the whole system is greatly reduced.
In conclusion, compared with the original design, the device design and the operation process of the invention have the advantages that the treatment capacity and the efficiency are improved greatly, the requirements of large-scale soil restoration engineering can be met, and the restoration cost of each side of soil is reduced correspondingly.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide an ectopic remediation process for contaminated soil.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A contaminated soil ex-situ remediation device comprises a sleeve and a rotary drum arranged inside the sleeve; the sleeve and the rotary drum are provided with open sides with the same orientation; one side of the sleeve and the rotary drum, which is far away from the open side of the sleeve, is connected through a first center shaft; the rotary drum comprises a rotary drum body, a sleeve barrel and a rotary drum, wherein the rotary drum body is provided with a rotary drum, and the rotary drum body is provided with a rotary drum tray; the rotary drum tray is connected with the sleeve tray through a second center shaft; at least one of the first center shaft and the second center shaft is hollow and is communicated into the rotary drum to serve as a rotating shaft; the rotary shaft is provided with a stirring paddle arranged inside the cylinder, a driving module connected with the rotary shaft and used for driving the rotary shaft and/or the rotary drum to rotate, and a limiting module used for limiting the rotation direction of the rotary shaft.
Optionally, the stirring paddle is disposed on the first center shaft.
Optionally, the second center shaft is fixedly arranged on the rotary drum tray and is in running fit with the sleeve tray.
Optionally, a first bearing set is mounted between the sleeve and the drum.
Optionally, a demister for reducing evaporation of water vapor in the rotary drum is arranged in the first center shaft.
Optionally, an air valve for reducing evaporation of water vapor in the rotary drum is arranged in or on the top of the first center shaft.
Optionally, a first boss extending to a gap between the sleeve and the rotary drum is arranged on the sleeve; the rotary drum is provided with a second boss which extends to a gap between the sleeve and the rotary drum and is matched with the first boss; and a second bearing group is arranged between the first boss and the second boss.
Optionally, a third bearing group is arranged between the sleeve tray and the rotary drum tray.
Optionally, a flexible edge contacting with the inner side of the rotary drum is arranged on the outer side of the stirring paddle.
The utility model provides a contaminated soil dystopy prosthetic technique, uses above-mentioned contaminated soil dystopy prosthetic device, and the device includes following two kinds of working pattern:
a dehydration mode and a stirring mode; in the dehydration mode, the rotary drum and the stirring paddles synchronously move, mud in the rotary drum synchronously rotates, soil particles with high specific gravity move towards the inner wall of the rotary drum under the action of centrifugal force, and water with low specific gravity is extruded towards the axle center, so that mud-water separation is caused; in the stirring mode, the stirring paddles and/or the rotating drum and the dewatering mode are/is rotated reversely, and the rotating drum and the stirring paddles are not rotated synchronously, so that the stirring paddles rotate relative to the rotating drum, and stirring effect is generated in the rotating drum;
the polluted soil ex-situ remediation process comprises the following steps:
And (3) injecting slurry: injecting the slurry into the rotary drum, then starting dehydration mode for dehydration, discharging water from the rotary drum by gravity through the second center shaft after the slurry-water separation is completed, and retaining the dehydrated slurry in the rotary drum
Leaching: injecting eluent into the rotary drum and/or the sleeve, wherein the highest water level is not higher than the top of the rotary drum; the rotary drum starts a stirring mode, and the dehydrated slurry and the eluent are stirred uniformly; switching the rotary drum to a dehydration mode after a certain time;
Reaction operation: injecting reaction liquid into the rotary drum and/or the sleeve, wherein the highest water level is not higher than the top of the rotary drum; the rotary drum starts a stirring mode, and the dehydrated slurry and the reaction solution are stirred uniformly; switching the rotary drum to a dehydration mode after a certain time; the mud discharging operation, namely moving the rotary drum out of the sleeve, starting a rotary drum stirring mode, and discharging the dehydrated mud out of the rotary drum under the pushing of the stirring paddle;
the leaching operation and the reaction operation can be flexibly combined according to the condition of pollutants or only one operation can be used.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
Compared with the prior art, the invention improves the design of the device and the corresponding operation process, and has the following beneficial effects: (1) The processing capability of a single device is greatly improved, the processing time of each batch of the single device is also greatly shortened, the processing efficiency of the single device in unit time is improved by more than 100%, and the requirement of large-scale repair engineering can be met; (2) The heat loss of the rotary drum, the sleeve and the steam is obviously reduced, so that the heating energy consumption of each batch is further reduced; (3) And a hoisting system is not needed, so that the equipment investment of the whole engineering is greatly reduced for large-scale repair engineering. The three advantages lead to a great reduction in repair time, a significant reduction in direct energy consumption and labor cost per ton of soil, and a great reduction in the cost of the entire repair process.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification.
Drawings
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in the following preferred detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the manner in which dry sludge is discharged;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the in and out modes of mud and solution;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation location of a mist eliminator;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the mounting position of the gas valve;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the positions of three sets of bearings.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic idea of the present invention by way of illustration, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are shown in schematic, non-physical, and not intended to limit the invention; for the purpose of better illustrating embodiments of the invention, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the size of the actual product; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings of embodiments of the invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., that indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or suggesting that the referred device or element must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, so that the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are merely for exemplary illustration and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that the specific meaning of the above terms may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, reference numerals in the drawings denote: the device comprises a sleeve 11, a sleeve tray 12, a rotary drum 21, a rotary drum tray 22, stirring paddles 23, a second center shaft 24, a first center shaft 25, a demister 26 and an air valve 27.
The invention relates to a polluted soil ex-situ remediation device, which comprises a sleeve 11 and a rotary drum 12 arranged inside the sleeve 11; the sleeve 11 and the rotary drum 12 are provided with open sides with the same orientation; the sleeve 11 and the side of the rotary drum 12 far from the open side are connected through a first center shaft 25; further comprising a sleeve tray 12 covering the open side of the sleeve 11, and a drum tray 22 covering the open side of the drum 21; the rotary drum tray 22 is connected with the sleeve tray 21 through a second center shaft 24; at least one of the first center shaft 25 and the second center shaft 24 is hollow and communicated into the drum 21 as a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is provided with a stirring paddle 23 arranged inside the cylinder, a driving module connected with the rotating shaft and used for driving the rotating shaft and/or the rotating drum to rotate, and a limiting module used for limiting the rotating direction of the rotating shaft.
Both the sleeve 11 and the drum 21 are open from the bottom, and the second central shaft 24 is sealingly fixed to the drum tray 22 so as not to rotate relative to each other, and then passes through the sleeve tray 12, and the second central shaft 24 is freely rotatable in the sleeve tray 12. The connection of the rotary drum 21 and the rotary drum tray 22 is provided with a sealing ring, so that water cannot flow out.
The dry mud is discharged in the following way: the second center shaft 24, the drum tray 22 and the sleeve tray 12 can be integrally separated from the drum 21 and the sleeve 11 downwards so that the two are opened downwards, then the movable dry mud tray 31 enters below the drum 21 from the side, the stirring paddles 23 in the drum 21 reversely rotate to drain the dry mud dehydrated in the drum downwards to the dry mud tray 31, the dry mud tray is retracted and poured into the conveyor belt, and the second center shaft 24, the drum tray 22 and the sleeve tray 12 are integrally moved upwards again to seal the openings of the drum 21 and the sleeve 11.
The way of entering and exiting mud and solution: a slurry valve between the slurry pond and the second central shaft 24 is opened, a quantity of slurry is allowed to enter the bowl 21 via the second central shaft 24, and then the slurry valve is closed. The drum starts a dewatering mode of operation to achieve mud-water separation, and then opens the water valve between the basin and the second central shaft 24 to gravity-feed water in the drum 21 into the basin. And then opening a leacheate valve between the leacheate tank and the second center shaft 24, injecting leacheate into the rotary drum 21 through the second center shaft 24, starting a stirring working mode to carry out leaching operation, starting a dewatering working mode to carry out dewatering after leaching is finished, and opening the leacheate valve after the rotary drum 21 stops rotating, so that leacheate flows back to the leacheate tank by gravity. The reducing solution and the regulating solution are used in the same operation mode.
A demister 26 is installed in the first central shaft 25 to reduce evaporation of water vapor in the drum 21, thereby reducing heat loss. A gas valve 27 is mounted in or on top of the first central shaft 25 to prevent evaporation of water vapor in the drum 21, thereby reducing heat loss. The air valve 27 may be a two-way check valve with a certain opening pressure, which is opened outwardly by the pressure increase in the drum 21 during material injection, and returns to the closed state after the drum 21 and the outside air pressure are substantially balanced. During the draining operation, the air pressure in the drum 21 is reduced, the bi-directional check valve 27 is opened inward, and the atmosphere is introduced into the drum 21, and the drum 21 returns to the closed state after the drum 21 and the external air pressure are substantially restored to equilibrium. The gas valve 27 may also be a solenoid valve, a manual valve, etc., which is opened and closed by electric or manual operation. The demister 26 and the air valve 27 may also be both mounted on the first bottom bracket 25.
A first bearing set 13 is provided between the sleeve 11 and the drum 21 to prevent rocking of the drum 21 when it is rotated at high speed. A second bearing set 14 is provided between the sleeve 11 and the drum 21 to share the force applied to the first central shaft 25 and to further enhance the stability of the drum 21 during rotation. A third bearing set 15 is installed between the sleeve tray 12 and the drum tray 22 to share the stress of the first center shaft 25 and further improve the stability of the drum 21 during rotation.
The flexible edge (the edge close to the inner wall of the rotary drum 21 is made of rubber, silica gel and the like) is added to the outer edge of the stirring blade, and the flexible edge is in contact with the inner wall of the rotary drum 21, so that when the stirring blade reversely rotates to discharge mud, the mud adhered to the inner wall of the rotary drum 21 can be scraped to be cleaner.
Example 1
The invention develops a polluted soil ex-situ remediation and solid waste treatment device by utilizing the principles of centrifugal dehydration and spiral conveying and sludge discharge, and has the triple functions of a leaching device (WASHING MACHINE), a reactor (reactor) and a dehydrator (dehydrator), and is called a WRD device hereinafter. The WRD device provided by the invention can greatly improve the processing capacity of a single device, shorten the repair time of each batch, reduce the heat loss and omit hoisting equipment in operation.
The sleeve 11 and drum 21 of the WRD device of the present invention. The bottom of the sleeve 11 is open. The rotary drum 21 is composed of a cylinder with an opening at the bottom and an inner screw stirring paddle 23, and elastic materials (such as rubber strips, silica gel strips and the like) can be arranged on the outer edge of the stirring paddle according to requirements, so that the elastic materials are contacted with the inner wall of the rotary drum 21, and the discharging effect is improved. The drum 21 rotates in one direction (forward direction) within the sleeve 11. The propeller 23 is bidirectionally rotatable within the drum 21. During the washing or reaction operation, the propeller 23 rotates reversely to mix and agitate the slurry or solid waste slurry in the drum 21, and the drum is locked against rotation. During dewatering operation, the screw stirring paddles 23 and the rotary drum 21 synchronously rotate in the forward direction, the screw stirring paddles and the rotary drum 21 are relatively static, slurry in the rotary drum 21 is subjected to solid-liquid separation under the action of centrifugal force, solid phases are closely distributed on the inner wall of the rotary drum 21, and liquid phases are concentrated on the axis.
The bottom openings of the sleeve 11 and the drum 21 are sealed by a set of trays, the drum tray 22 being connected to the sleeve tray 12 by a second central shaft 24, the second central shaft 24 being rotatable in the sleeve tray 12 but not in the drum tray 22.
At the beginning of the run, the tray set is moved upward to seal the bottom of the sleeve 11 and drum 21.
(1) Feeding operation: slurry or solid waste slurry in the slurry pond enters the rotary drum 21 through the second center shaft 24, and after the designed capacity is reached, the feeding valve is closed; the rotary drum 21 and the screw propeller 23 synchronously rotate in the forward direction to carry out dehydration operation, and the rotation of the rotary drum 21 and the screw propeller is synchronously and gradually stopped after the set dehydration time is reached; the valve connected to the water reservoir is opened, water in the bowl 21 is discharged into the water reservoir through the second central shaft 24, and after the water discharge is completed, the valve is closed.
(2) Leaching: opening a valve connected with the leaching solution tank, enabling leaching solution to enter the rotary drum 21 through the second center shaft 24, and closing the valve after the leaching solution reaches the design capacity; the screw stirring paddle 23 rotates reversely to perform mixing stirring operation, and the rotation is gradually stopped after the set rinsing time is reached; then the rotary drum 21 and the screw propeller 23 synchronously rotate forward to carry out dehydration operation, and the rotation of the rotary drum 21 and the screw propeller is synchronously and gradually stopped after the set dehydration time is reached; the valve connected with the leaching solution tank is opened, leaching solution in the rotary drum 21 is discharged into the leaching solution tank through the second center shaft 24, and after the discharge is completed, the valve is closed.
(3) Reaction operation: opening a valve connected with the reaction liquid tank, enabling the reaction liquid to enter the rotary drum 21 through the second center shaft 24, and closing the valve after the design capacity is reached; the screw stirring paddle 23 rotates reversely to perform the mixing stirring operation, and the rotation is gradually stopped after the set reaction time is reached; then the rotary drum 21 and the screw propeller 23 synchronously rotate forward to carry out dehydration operation, and the rotation of the rotary drum 21 and the screw propeller is synchronously and gradually stopped after the set dehydration time is reached; the valve connected with the reaction liquid tank is opened, the leacheate in the rotary drum 21 is discharged into the reaction liquid tank through the second center shaft 24, and the valve is closed after the discharge is completed. According to the requirement, adjusting liquid can be added, and the operation steps are the same as the reaction operation.
(4) And (3) unloading operation: the tray set descends for a certain distance, the dry mud tray 31 moves between the drum tray 22 and the sleeve 11, the screw stirring paddles 23 reversely rotate, the dehydrated solid phase is pushed out of the drum 21 downwards and falls into the dry mud tray 31, after the discharging is completed, the dry mud tray 31 is withdrawn, the tray set moves upwards, the sleeve 11 and the drum 21 are sealed again, and the next round of operation is waited.
Example two
When the temperature of the eluent, the reaction liquid or the regulating liquid is higher, the evaporation amount is larger, so that the heat loss is larger, and the demister 26 or the air valve 27 is arranged in the first center shaft 25, so that the dissipation of water vapor is reduced or prevented, and the heat loss is reduced.
Example III
When the whole device is large or the rotating speed of the rotary drum 21 is high, the first bearing group 13, the second bearing group 14 and the third bearing group 15 (shown in fig. 6) which play a supporting role can be arranged between the rotary drum 21 and the sleeve 11 and between the rotary drum tray 22 and the sleeve tray 12, so that vibration or swing of equipment during high-speed operation can be reduced.
The invention also relates to two modes of operation of the device:
A dehydration mode and a stirring mode; in the dehydration mode, the rotary drum and the stirring paddles synchronously move, mud in the rotary drum synchronously rotates, soil particles with high specific gravity move towards the inner wall of the rotary drum under the action of centrifugal force, and water with low specific gravity is extruded towards the axle center, so that mud-water separation is caused; in the stirring mode, the stirring paddles and/or the rotating drum rotate in the opposite direction to the dewatering mode, and the rotating drum and the stirring paddles do not rotate synchronously, so that the stirring paddles rotate relative to the rotating drum to generate stirring effect in the rotating drum.
The specific experimental results of the invention are as follows:
(1) And (3) performing a chromium-contaminated soil remediation experiment on a certain site. And adopting leaching reduction repair technology. The hexavalent chromium content of the soil is 1560+/-36 mg/kg. Leaching: citric acid solution is adopted as eluent, the leaching temperature is controlled at 85-90 ℃, the pH value is 4, and leaching is carried out for three times, each time for 15 minutes. An iron electrode is arranged in the leaching solution tank, direct current is adopted to heat the leaching solution, and meanwhile ferrous ions are released on the anode through electrolysis, so that hexavalent chromium in the leaching solution is reduced into trivalent chromium. When the temperature reaches the set value and the heating is not carried out, but the concentration of ferrous ions is insufficient, iron powder is added to react with citric acid to generate ferrous ions. And (3) a reduction link: the reaction solution is ferrous citrate solution, the temperature is kept above 85 ℃ and the reaction time is 60min, and hexavalent chromium which is not leached out of the soil is reduced into trivalent chromium. pH adjustment link: and (3) taking the calcium hydroxide solution as a pH adjusting solution, and adjusting the pH of the soil to be neutral. The concentration of hexavalent chromium remained in the soil after repairing is measured to be 2.3+/-0.6 mg/kg, so that the requirement of a repairing target value is met.
(2) Lead, copper and nickel pollution of soil in a certain place. The copper content of the soil is 3830+/-98 mg/kg, the lead content is 1530+/-56 mg/kg, the nickel content is 1231+/-79 mg/kg, and the soil is repaired by adopting a leaching method. The engineering does not need a chemical reaction link, and only needs a leaching and pH adjusting link. Leaching: the eluent is acetic acid solution, the temperature is controlled at 85-90 ℃, and the eluent is leached for three times, each time for 20 minutes. pH adjustment link: and (3) taking the calcium hydroxide solution as a pH adjusting solution, and adjusting the pH of the soil to be neutral. The content of lead, copper and nickel in the restored soil is lower than the requirement of the screening value of the first type of land in the soil pollution risk management and control standard (trial) GB36600-2018 for soil environmental quality construction land.
(3) Some organic pollution sites, the main pollutants are petroleum hydrocarbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants. And oxidizing by using Fenton reagent consisting of ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide. Oxidation reaction link: oxidation was carried out with fenton's reagent, the temperature was controlled at 85-90 ℃, ph=3, and the reaction was carried out for 60 minutes. pH adjustment link: and (3) taking the calcium hydroxide solution as a pH adjusting solution, and adjusting the pH of the soil to be neutral. The contents of petroleum hydrocarbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the restored soil meet the requirement of the first-class land screening value in the soil pollution risk management and control standard (trial) GB36600-2018 for soil environmental quality construction land.
(4) Hexavalent chromium and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants in soil of a certain field. The hexavalent chromium content of the soil is 153+/-21 mg/kg. The Fenton reagent consisting of ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide is adopted to oxidize the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutant, and meanwhile, ferrous ions are utilized to reduce hexavalent chromium into trivalent chromium. The engineering does not need a leaching link, and only needs a chemical reaction link. Oxidation-reduction reaction: oxidation was carried out with fenton's reagent, the temperature was controlled at 85-90 ℃, ph=3, and the reaction was carried out for 80 minutes. pH adjustment link: and (3) taking the calcium hydroxide solution as a pH adjusting solution, and adjusting the pH of the soil to be neutral. The contents of petroleum hydrocarbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the restored soil meet the requirement of the first-class land screening value in the soil pollution risk management and control standard (trial) GB36600-2018 for soil environmental quality construction land.
(5) Chromium slag sludge from a chemical industry with hexavalent chromium content of 9545+/-256 mg/kg is detoxified by adopting a reduction technology. Leaching: acetic acid solution is adopted as eluent, the pH=5, the leaching temperature is controlled at 80 ℃, and leaching is carried out for three times, each time for 15 minutes. After each leaching, adding a certain amount of ferrous sulfate into a leaching liquid treatment and storage tank to reduce hexavalent chromium into trivalent chromium. And (3) a reduction link: the reducing solution is a high-concentration ferrous sulfate solution, the reducing reaction time is 30min, and the temperature is kept at 60 ℃. pH adjustment link: and (3) taking the calcium hydroxide solution as a pH adjusting solution, and adjusting the pH of the chromium slag to be neutral. The leaching concentration of hexavalent chromium in the chromium slag after detoxification treatment is lower than the detection limit.
(6) Chromium-containing sludge of a certain electroplating enterprise has hexavalent chromium content of 35+/-3 mg/kg, and is detoxified by adopting a reduction technology. The project does not need a leaching link, and only has a reduction reaction link: the reducing solution is ferrous sulfate solution, the pH=4, the reducing reaction time is 30min, and the temperature is kept at 70 ℃. pH adjustment link: after the reduction reaction is completed, the pH of the chromium slag is adjusted to be neutral by taking a calcium hydroxide solution as a pH adjusting solution. The leaching concentration of hexavalent chromium in the detoxified chromium-containing sludge is lower than the detection limit.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An ectopic repair process for polluted soil is characterized in that an ectopic repair device for polluted soil is applied;
The contaminated soil ex-situ remediation device comprises a sleeve and a rotary drum arranged in the sleeve; the sleeve and the rotary drum are provided with open sides with the same orientation; one side of the sleeve and the rotary drum, which is far away from the open side of the sleeve, is connected through a first center shaft; the rotary drum comprises a rotary drum body, a sleeve barrel and a rotary drum, wherein the rotary drum body is provided with a rotary drum, and the rotary drum body is provided with a rotary drum tray; the rotary drum tray is connected with the sleeve tray through a second center shaft; at least one of the first center shaft and the second center shaft is hollow and is communicated into the rotary drum to serve as a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is provided with a stirring paddle arranged in the cylinder, a driving module connected with the rotating shaft and used for driving the rotating shaft and/or the rotating drum to rotate, and a limiting module used for limiting the rotating direction of the rotating shaft;
the stirring paddle is arranged on the first middle shaft; the second center shaft is fixedly arranged on the rotary drum tray and is in running fit with the sleeve tray; a first bearing group is arranged between the sleeve and the rotary drum;
the contaminated soil ex-situ remediation device comprises the following two working modes:
a dehydration mode and a stirring mode; in the dehydration mode, the rotary drum and the stirring paddles synchronously move, mud in the rotary drum synchronously rotates, soil particles with high specific gravity move towards the inner wall of the rotary drum under the action of centrifugal force, and water with low specific gravity is extruded towards the axle center, so that mud-water separation is caused; in the stirring mode, the stirring paddles and/or the rotating drum and the dewatering mode are/is rotated reversely, and the rotating drum and the stirring paddles are not rotated synchronously, so that the stirring paddles rotate relative to the rotating drum, and stirring effect is generated in the rotating drum;
the polluted soil ex-situ remediation process comprises the following steps:
And (3) injecting slurry: injecting the slurry into the rotary drum, then starting a dehydration mode for dehydration, discharging the water from the rotary drum through the second center shaft by gravity after the mud-water separation is completed, and leaving the dehydrated slurry in the rotary drum;
leaching: injecting eluent into the rotary drum and/or the sleeve, wherein the highest water level is not higher than the top of the rotary drum; the rotary drum starts a stirring mode, and the dehydrated slurry and the eluent are stirred uniformly; switching the rotary drum to a dehydration mode after a certain time;
Reaction operation: injecting reaction liquid into the rotary drum and/or the sleeve, wherein the highest water level is not higher than the top of the rotary drum; the rotary drum starts a stirring mode, and the dehydrated slurry and the reaction liquid medicine are stirred uniformly; switching the rotary drum to a dehydration mode after a certain time;
the leaching operation and the reaction operation are flexibly combined according to the condition of pollutants or only one operation is used:
And (3) mud discharging operation, wherein the rotary drum tray and the sleeve tray move downwards to open a downward opening of the rotary drum, a rotary drum stirring mode is started, and dehydrated mud is discharged out of the rotary drum under the pushing of the stirring paddle.
2. The contaminated soil ex-situ remediation process of claim 1, wherein a mist eliminator is provided in the first central shaft for reducing evaporation of water vapor in the drum.
3. The contaminated soil ex-situ remediation process of claim 1, wherein a gas valve for reducing evaporation of water vapor from the drum is provided within or on top of the first central shaft.
4. The contaminated soil ex-situ remediation process of claim 1 wherein the sleeve is provided with a first boss extending to the gap between the sleeve and the drum; the rotary drum is provided with a second boss which extends to a gap between the sleeve and the rotary drum and is matched with the first boss; and a second bearing group is arranged between the first boss and the second boss.
5. The contaminated soil ex-situ remediation process of claim 1, wherein a third bearing set is provided between the sleeve tray and the drum tray.
6. The contaminated soil ex-situ remediation process of claim 1, wherein the outside of the paddle is provided with a flexible edge that contacts the inside of the drum.
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