CN112844851A

CN112844851A - Air stirring flotation machine

Info

Publication number: CN112844851A
Application number: CN202110371286.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张伟晓; 张济文; 闾绢沙
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-04-07
Filing date: 2021-04-07
Publication date: 2021-05-28

Abstract

The utility model provides an air stirring flotation device, includes the cell body, is provided with a circulation section of thick bamboo and air lift in the cell body, and the cell body lower part is arranged in to air lift's mixing box, its riser entry linkage mixing box, export towards the top of a circulation section of thick bamboo, the bottom of a circulation section of thick bamboo is opened has the regulation seam that supplies the ore pulp to pass through, and the suction inlet of a part circulation to air lift mixing box bottom of the ore pulp of play regulation seam realizes axial circulation flow. The invention uses compressed air which needs to be added additionally in the flotation process as power to lift ore pulp so as to form a circulating flow in the tank, the flow rate of the circulating flow can be adjusted by adjusting the air flow, and the design of the ore feeding port, the diameter and the height of the circulating cylinder of the air lifter enables the fluid in the tank to present special axial flow, thereby realizing the suspension state of solid particles in the tank body, canceling a mechanical stirring device, saving energy consumption, simplifying equipment manufacture, reducing operating cost, avoiding the phenomena of flower turning, tank sinking and the like, and optimizing operation indexes.

Description

Air stirring flotation machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, relates to a flotation machine, and particularly relates to an air stirring flotation machine.

Background

The flotation operation is a process for separating useful components from useless components by adding chemical reagents and gases to make target minerals adsorbed on bubbles by utilizing the difference of physicochemical properties of the surfaces of the minerals. As a main device of flotation operation, the flotation machine is widely applied to leaching operation in the industries such as mining industry, smelting industry, chemical industry and the like, and needs to realize uniform distribution of solid, liquid and gas and avoid the phenomena of solid particle sedimentation and reduction of contact chance with bubbles.

Conventional flotation machines are generally classified into two types, mechanical agitation type and pneumatic mechanical agitation type. The structures and features of these two devices are described below.

1) And a mechanical stirring type flotation machine:

the mechanical stirring type flotation machine is characterized in that the aeration and the stirring are realized by a mechanical stirrer, the mechanical stirrer belongs to an external air self-suction type flotation machine, and the stirrer has the suction characteristic similar to a pump and can self-suck air and ore pulp. The structure of the device is shown in fig. 1, and mainly comprises a belt pulley 101, a motor 102, an air suction pipe 103, an air vertical pipe 104, a plurality of shafts 105, a connecting pipe 106, a cover plate 107, a guide blade 108, an impeller 109, a scraper 1010, a groove body 1011 and the like, wherein the main shaft rotates to drive the impeller arranged on the main shaft to rotate to generate radial and axial liquid flows, negative pressure is generated by utilizing a gap between the cover plate fixed on a machine body and the rotating impeller to suck ore pulp and air, the ore pulp and the air are fully mixed, the air is dispersed in the ore pulp to form a bubble group, the ore pulp with a large amount of bubbles is quickly thrown to a stator on the cover plate by the rotating force of the impeller, the bubbles in the ore pulp are further refined, a large amount of vertically rising micro-bubbles.

The mechanical stirring flotation machine has the advantages of high stirring strength, capability of ensuring the suspension of ore particles with higher density and granularity and capability of promoting the dispersion and emulsification of insoluble medicaments. The defects are mainly complex structure, high rotating speed of moving parts, large energy consumption, serious abrasion, large maintenance amount and difficult equipment upsizing.

2) And an air-filled mechanical stirring type flotation machine:

referring to fig. 2, the pneumatic mechanical agitation type flotation machine mainly comprises a transmission part, a main shaft 205, a stator 203, an impeller 201, an air distributor 202, a tank 204, a bearing body 206, an air regulating valve 207 and the like. The impeller is driven to rotate mainly through a motor transmission device and a hollow main shaft. The low-pressure air fed from the outside enters an air distributor in the lower impeller cavity through an air regulating valve and a hollow main shaft, then enters the space between the lower blades of the impeller through small holes on the periphery of the air distributor, and the ore pulp and the air are fully mixed between the lower blades of the impeller and then are discharged from the outer edge of the lower blades of the impeller. The mineralized bubbles rise to the surface of the ore pulp to form a foam layer which is discharged as concentrate; the slurry is discharged from the bottom of the tank as some final product.

Compared with a mechanical stirring type flotation machine, the pneumatic mechanical stirring type flotation machine has the advantages of large inflation quantity, uniform air dispersion and good gas-slurry combination; less tailing deposition, low peripheral speed and low power consumption. The defect of production fluctuation caused by reduction of air suction amount and slurry suction amount due to equipment abrasion of the mechanical stirring type flotation machine is avoided. But the main defects of the method are that the self-priming capability is not available, a fan needs to be specially configured, and a pumping mode is needed for middlings.

Meanwhile, the mechanical stirring type flotation machine and the pneumatic mechanical stirring type flotation machine also have the defects of high energy consumption, large manufacturing difficulty and high operation cost.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the characteristics that flotation operation needs a large amount of air to generate bubbles and realize the separation of useful minerals and useless minerals, the invention aims to provide the air stirring flotation machine, utilizes compressed air as power, realizes ore pulp circulation by using an air lifter, saves a mechanical stirring device, greatly simplifies the structure, is more convenient to use and operate, can save energy consumption and is convenient for large-scale production.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides an air stirring flotation device, includes cell body 1, is provided with a circulation section of thick bamboo 4 and airlift 5 in

cell body

1, and 1 lower part of cell body is arranged in to the mixing box of airlift 5, and its riser entry linkage mixing box exports towards the top of a circulation section of thick bamboo 4, the bottom of a circulation section of thick bamboo 4 is opened has the regulation seam 9 that supplies the ore pulp to pass through, and the suction inlet of the partly circulation of the ore pulp of play regulation seam 9 to 5 mixing box bottoms of airlift realizes axial circulation flow.

Further, the space where the mixing box of the air lifter 5 is located and the space where the circulating cylinder 4 is located are separated by a vertical partition plate, the bottom of the partition plate is connected with the bottom of the tank body 1, and the top of the partition plate is lower than the upper edge of the circulating cylinder 4, so that ore pulp flowing out of the adjusting seam 9 floats upwards, and a part of the ore pulp sinks to a suction port at the bottom of the mixing box at the top of the partition plate.

Further, the number of the air lifters 5 is plural, and they are arranged in the tank body 1 at equal intervals around the circulation cylinder 4.

Further, the air lifter 5 adopts compressed air as power, and the pressure of the compressed air is 0.05-1 MPa.

Further, the upper edge of the circulating cylinder 4 is lower than the upper edge of the tank body 1, and the bottom of the circulating cylinder is higher than the bottom of the tank body 1, that is, the circulating cylinder 4 is suspended in the tank body 1.

Further, the radial flow velocity of the fluid is controlled by the distance between the bottom of the circulating cylinder 4 and the bottom of the tank body 1 to be larger than the critical sedimentation flow velocity of the solid particles, and the axial flow velocity of the fluid is controlled by the distance between the circulating cylinder 4 and the side wall of the tank body 1 to be larger than the free sedimentation final velocity of the solid particles, so that the suspension state of the solid particles in the tank body 1 is realized.

Furthermore, the section of the tank body 1 is circular, the height-diameter ratio is 1: 0.5-1: 2, the section of the circulating cylinder 4 is circular, the diameter of the circulating cylinder is 0.2-0.8 times of the diameter of the tank body 1, and the distance from the lower edge to the bottom of the tank body 1 is 0.05-0.5 times of the height of the tank body 1.

Further, the circulating cylinder 4 is communicated with the ore feeding pipe 2, the outlet of the ore feeding pipe 2 is positioned at the middle lower part in the circulating cylinder 4, the upper part of the tank body 1 is communicated with the concentrate ore discharge pipe 7, and the lower part of the tank body is communicated with the tailing ore discharge pipe 11.

Further, the adjusting slit 9 is provided along the height direction of the lower portion of the side wall of the circulation cylinder 4, and a height adjuster for changing the penetrating height of the adjusting slit 9 is provided.

Further, the height adjuster comprises a circulating height adjusting sheet 10, the circulating height adjusting sheet 10 covers the adjusting seam 9, the height adjusting handle 3 is connected with the circulating height adjusting sheet 10 through an adjusting screw 8 to control the lifting of the circulating height adjusting sheet, and then the through height of the adjusting seam 9 is adjusted and changed.

The invention uses compressed air which needs to be added additionally in the flotation process as power to lift ore pulp so as to form a circulating flow in the tank, the flow rate of the circulating flow can be adjusted by adjusting the air flow, and the design of the ore feeding port, the diameter and the height of the circulating cylinder of the air lifter enables the fluid in the tank to present special axial flow, thereby realizing the suspension state of solid particles in the tank body, canceling a mechanical stirring device, saving energy consumption, simplifying equipment manufacture and reducing operation cost. Meanwhile, the compressed air is fully mixed with the ore pulp and the medicament in the process of lifting the ore pulp, the generated foam layer is stable, the phenomena of turn-over, sink tank and the like of the conventional flotation machine are avoided, and the operation index is optimized.

Compared with the mechanical stirring type and inflation mechanical stirring type flotation machines, the invention does not need a mechanical stirring device and moving parts, greatly simplifies the structure, is more convenient to operate, has lower energy consumption and greatly reduces the manufacturing and operating cost.

Compared with a flotation column, the invention can save energy consumption, has low height and diameter and is convenient for large-scale manufacture.

The invention can be widely applied to working environments of mine ore dressing plants, coal chemical industry ore dressing plants and the like.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic of a prior art mechanically agitated flotation machine.

Figure 2 is a schematic of a prior art pneumatic mechanical agitation flotation machine.

Figure 3 is a schematic view (in cross section) of the air agitated flotation machine of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic (top view) of the air agitated flotation machine of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the invention relates to an air agitation flotation machine, which mainly comprises a tank body 1, a circulation cylinder 4 and an air lifter 5 which are arranged in the tank body 1, an ore feeding pipe 2 is inserted into the circulation cylinder 4, an outlet is positioned at the middle lower part in the circulation cylinder 4, the upper part of the tank body 1 is communicated with a concentrate discharge pipe 7, and the lower part is communicated with a tailing discharge pipe 11.

In a preferred structure, the cross-sections of the trough body 1 and the circulation cylinder 4 are both circular. The number of the circulating cylinders 4 is 1, the circulating cylinders are arranged in the center of the tank body 1, the number of the air lifters 5 is 4, the circulating cylinders 4 are arranged at equal intervals around the circulating cylinders, the height-diameter ratio of the tank body 1 is 1: 0.5-1: 2, and the diameter of each circulating cylinder 4 is 0.2-0.8 times of that of the tank body 1.

It should be noted that the number of the circulation cylinders 4 and the air lifters 5 and the specific positions in the tank body 1, and even the shape and size parameters of the tank body 1 and the ring cylinders 4 can be selected according to the specific environment.

The air lifter 5 adopts compressed air as power, the compressed air pressure is 0.05-1 MPa, the air lifter comprises a mixing box, a lifting pipe and an air inlet pipe 6, wherein the inlet of the air inlet pipe 6 is arranged outside the tank body 1, the outlet of the air inlet pipe is connected with the mixing box, air is sent into the box, the inlet of the lifting pipe is connected with the mixing box, the outlet of the lifting pipe faces the top of the circulating cylinder 4, the mixing box is arranged at the lower part of the tank body 1, and the suction port of the mixing.

The bottom of the circulating cylinder 4 is provided with an adjusting slit 9 for ore pulp to pass through, compressed air is filled into the mixing box to drive the ore pulp (containing solid fluid) to be pumped to the upper part of the tank body 1 from the bottom of the air lifter 5 and then sent into the circulating cylinder 4, the ore pulp flows downwards to the bottom of the tank body 1 in the circulating cylinder 4 and then flows upwards from the bottom, and one part of the ore pulp circulates to a suction port of the mixing box to realize axial circulating flow.

In the invention, the upper edge of the circulating cylinder 4 is generally lower than the upper edge of the tank body 1, and the bottom of the circulating cylinder is higher than the bottom of the tank body 1 (the distance from the bottom of the tank body 1 is generally 0.05-0.5 times of the height of the tank body 1), namely, the circulating cylinder 4 is suspended in the tank body 1 and can be hung on a cross beam of the tank body 1. The radial flow velocity of the fluid can be controlled by the distance between the bottom of the circulating cylinder 4 and the bottom of the tank body 1, so that the radial flow velocity of the fluid is greater than the critical sedimentation flow velocity of the solid particles, the axial flow velocity of the fluid is controlled by the distance between the circulating cylinder 4 and the side wall of the tank body 1, so that the axial flow velocity of the fluid is greater than the final free sedimentation velocity of the solid particles, and the suspension state of the solid particles in the tank body 1 is realized.

In the invention, the space where the mixing box of the air lifter 5 is positioned and the space where the circulating cylinder 4 is positioned are separated by a plurality of vertical partition plates, namely, the mixing box is positioned in an independent space which is only communicated with the tank body 1 at the top. The bottom of the baffle is connected with the bottom of the tank body 1, and the top of the baffle is lower than the upper edge of the circulating cylinder 4, so that ore pulp flowing out of the adjusting seam 9 floats upwards, and a part of the ore pulp sinks to a suction port at the bottom of the mixing box at the top of the baffle.

In the invention, the adjusting seam 9 is arranged along the height direction of the lower part of the side wall of the circulating cylinder 4, and a height adjuster for changing the penetrating height of the adjusting seam 9 is arranged to adjust the circulating height of the fluid, so as to prevent solid particles from settling and blocking the lower part of the circulating cylinder 4 caused by power failure and other accident reasons. In a simple implementation mode, the height adjuster comprises a circulating height adjusting sheet 10, the circulating height adjusting sheet 10 covers the adjusting seam 9, the height adjusting handle 3 is connected with the circulating height adjusting sheet 10 through an adjusting screw 8 to control the lifting of the circulating height adjusting sheet, the through height of the adjusting seam 9 is adjusted and changed, and the circulating flow of fluid can still be achieved under the condition that solid particles are accumulated at the bottom.

The specific process and principle of the invention are as follows:

compressed air is fed in through an air inlet pipe 6 and enters a mixing box at the lower part of an air lifter 5, ore pulp at the bottom of a tank is mixed with the compressed air in the mixing box and is lifted to the upper part of the tank body 1 and fed into a circulating cylinder 4 in the middle, and prepared chemicals and ore feeding are added into the circulating cylinder 4 through an ore feeding pipe 2 and flow downwards to the lower part of the circulating cylinder 4. In the process of axial circulation of the ore pulp, the reagent, the air and the ore pulp are fully mixed, useful minerals rise to the upper part of the tank body 1 along with formed foams and are discharged through the concentrate discharge pipe 7, and after multiple circulation, the tailings are discharged through the tailing discharge pipe 11 at the lower part of the tank body 1, so that the separation of the useful minerals and the useless minerals is realized.

The following are two specific examples utilizing the present invention.

Example 1

The chemical components of gold ore of a certain mine in Henan are shown in the following table:

composition (I)	Ag(g/t)	Au(g/t)	Cu	Pb	S
						Content (%)	5.86	2.15	0.04	0.05	2.62

The gold ore is floated by the method, and compared with a certain 1.5L mechanical stirring flotation machine, the gold ore has the same chemical system, flotation time and pulp concentration and fineness. The specific conditions are as follows:

step 1: crushing and grinding 2kg of ore until the ore is ground to be 65 percent (mass percentage) of-200 meshes, sampling 100g of the ore, testing, adding water into the residual ore powder to prepare 3L of ore pulp with the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:2, adding 100g/t of xanthate, 50g/t of black powder and 15g/t of No. 2 oil, stirring for 20 minutes, and entering the step 2;

step 2: the ore pulp from step 1 is divided into 1.5L each, and added into a 1.5L mechanical agitation flotation machine and a 1.5L air agitation flotation machine of the invention, and aerated, and the flotation operation is started for 5 minutes. Respectively taking respective concentrate and tailings, drying, weighing and testing.

The sample is tested by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and the test result and the flotation recovery rate are shown in the following table:

example 2

The gold ore of a Gillgis mine is treated, the mud content of the ore is high, and the flotation recovery rate is influenced by argillization and seriously worsened. The chemical components are shown in the following table:

composition (I)	Ag(g/t)	Au(g/t)	Cu	Pb	S
						Content (%)	11.75	4.9	0.01	0.01	1.65

The gold ore is floated by the method, and compared with a certain 1.5L mechanical stirring flotation machine, the gold ore has the same chemical system, flotation time and pulp concentration and fineness. The method comprises the following specific steps:

step 1: crushing and grinding 2kg of ore until the ore is ground to be 65 percent (mass percentage) of-200 meshes, sampling 100g of the ore, testing, adding water into the residual ore powder to prepare 3L of ore pulp with the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:2, adding 100g/t of xanthate, 50g/t of black powder, 15g/t of No. 2 oil and 800g/t of water glass, stirring for 20 minutes, and entering the step 2;

step 2: the ore pulp from step 1 is divided into 1.5L each, and added into a 1.5L mechanical agitation flotation machine and a 1.5L air agitation flotation machine of the invention, and aerated, and the flotation operation is started for 5 minutes. Respectively taking respective concentrate and tailings, drying, weighing and testing. The sample is tested by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and the test result and the flotation recovery rate are shown in the following table:

the example proves that the recovery rate of the common gold ore recovered by the flotation of the invention is more than 90 percent, which is equivalent to that of the conventional flotation machine, and the recovery rate of the ore with higher mud content is 88 percent, which is increased by 3 percent compared with the conventional flotation machine. For the ores with serious argillization, the method has the advantages of high recovery rate and high concentrate grade. The invention can reduce the production cost, improve the recovery rate and has obvious economic and social benefits.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an air stirring flotation machine, includes cell body (1), its characterized in that is provided with a circulation section of thick bamboo (4) and air lift (5) in cell body (1), and cell body (1) lower part is arranged in to the mixing box of air lift (5), and its riser entry linkage mixing box exports towards the top of a circulation section of thick bamboo (4), open the bottom of a circulation section of thick bamboo (4) has regulation seam (9) that supply the ore pulp to pass through, goes out the suction inlet of partly circulation to air lift (5) mixing box bottom of the ore pulp of regulation seam (9), realizes the axial circulation and flows.

2. An air-agitated flotation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the space where the mixing box of the air lifter (5) is located is separated from the space where the circulation cylinder (4) is located by a vertical partition plate, the bottom of the partition plate is connected with the bottom of the tank body (1), and the top of the partition plate is lower than the upper edge of the circulation cylinder (4), so that the slurry flowing out of the adjusting slot (9) floats upwards and sinks a part to the suction port at the bottom of the mixing box at the top position of the partition plate.

3. An air agitated flotation machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number of air lifters (5) is several, arranged in the tank (1) at equal intervals around the circulation tube (4).

4. The air stirring flotation machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air lifter (5) is powered by compressed air, and the pressure of the compressed air is 0.05-1 MPa.

5. The air stirring flotation machine according to claim 1, wherein the upper edge of the circulation cylinder (4) is lower than the upper edge of the tank body (1), and the bottom of the circulation cylinder is higher than the bottom of the tank body (1), i.e. the circulation cylinder (4) is suspended in the tank body (1).

6. The air stirring flotation machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the radial flow velocity of the fluid is controlled by the distance between the bottom of the circulation cylinder (4) and the bottom of the tank body (1) to be larger than the critical settling flow velocity of the solid particles, and the axial flow velocity of the fluid is controlled by the distance between the circulation cylinder (4) and the side wall of the tank body (1) to be larger than the free settling final velocity of the solid particles, so that the suspension state of the solid particles in the tank body (1) is realized.

7. The air stirring flotation machine according to claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein the cross section of the tank body (1) is circular, the height-diameter ratio is 1: 0.5-1: 2, the cross section of the circulating cylinder (4) is circular, the diameter of the circulating cylinder is 0.2-0.8 times of the diameter of the tank body (1), and the distance from the lower edge to the bottom of the tank body (1) is 0.05-0.5 times of the height of the tank body (1).

8. The air stirring flotation machine according to claim 1, wherein the circulation cylinder (4) is communicated with the ore feeding pipe (2), the outlet of the ore feeding pipe (2) is positioned at the middle lower part in the circulation cylinder (4), the upper part of the tank body (1) is communicated with the concentrate ore discharge pipe (7), and the lower part of the tank body is communicated with the tailing ore discharge pipe (11).

9. An air-agitated flotation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustment slits (9) are arranged in the direction of the height of the lower part of the side wall of the circulation tank (4) and are provided with height adjusters for changing the through height of the adjustment slits (9).

10. The air stirring flotation machine according to claim 9, wherein the height adjuster comprises a circulating height adjusting sheet (10), the circulating height adjusting sheet (10) covers the adjusting seam (9), and the height adjusting handle (3) is connected with the circulating height adjusting sheet (10) through an adjusting screw rod (8) to control the lifting of the circulating height adjusting sheet (10), so that the through height of the adjusting seam (9) can be adjusted and changed.