CN112844775B

CN112844775B - Solid waste treatment device with double-cavity structure

Info

Publication number: CN112844775B
Application number: CN202011529197.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Xinhe Tianjin Environmental Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Xinhe Tianjin Environmental Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-22
Filing date: 2020-12-22
Publication date: 2022-03-04
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-22
Also published as: CN112844775A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, and provides a solid waste treatment device with a double-cavity structure, which comprises a box body, a crushing mechanism, a flow guide block, a separating mechanism and a screening mechanism, wherein the crushing mechanism is arranged on the box body; a discharging channel is respectively formed between the two sides of the flow guide block and the inner wall of the box body, two inclined planes are formed at the top of the flow guide block, and a guide groove extending along the transverse direction is formed in the flow guide block; the separating mechanism comprises an electromagnet and two separating components, the electromagnet is arranged in the middle of the guide groove, the two separating components are respectively arranged at two ends of the guide groove, and each separating component comprises a sliding block, a permanent magnet and a partition plate; the screening mechanism has two, and two screening mechanisms set up under two discharging channel respectively. The solid waste treatment device with the double-cavity structure provided by the invention has higher working efficiency.

Description

Solid waste treatment device with double-cavity structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, in particular to a solid waste treatment device with a double-cavity structure.

Background

Solid waste refers to solid, semi-solid waste material produced by humans in production, consumption, life and other activities. If the solid waste is not disposed of in time, the environment is greatly polluted and the ecological balance is destroyed.

The existing solid waste treatment apparatus generally includes three steps of feeding, crushing and screening, but it has the following problems: when the screening mechanism screens the solid waste after the breakage, the screening mechanism can not continue to receive the materials, at the moment, the whole device stops working, otherwise, new materials can be stacked on the screening mechanism, and the screening effect is seriously influenced. Only after the screening mechanism finishes screening can the whole device continue to work, thus leading to lower working efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a solid waste treatment device with a dual-chamber structure, so that the working efficiency is higher.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a solid waste treatment device with a double-cavity structure comprises a box body and a crushing mechanism, wherein the crushing mechanism is used for crushing solid waste and also comprises a flow guide block, a separating mechanism and a screening mechanism;

the flow guide block is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the box body and is positioned below the crushing mechanism, a discharge channel is formed between each of two sides of the flow guide block and the inner wall of the box body, two inclined planes are formed at the top of the flow guide block and are used for enabling the crushed solid waste to enter the two discharge channels respectively, and a guide groove extending in the transverse direction is formed in the flow guide block;

the separating mechanism comprises an electromagnet and two separating components, the electromagnet is fixedly arranged in the middle of the guide groove, the two separating components are respectively arranged at two ends of the guide groove and are in one-to-one correspondence with the two discharging channels, the separation component is used for controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding discharge channel and comprises a slide block, a permanent magnet and a partition plate, the slide block is arranged in the guide groove and is in sliding connection with the groove wall of the guide groove, the permanent magnet is fixedly arranged on one side of the slide block close to the electromagnet, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets in the two separation assemblies on one side close to the electromagnet are the same, the first end of the partition plate is fixedly connected with the sliding block, and the second end of the partition plate can penetrate through the groove wall of the guide groove along the transverse direction and then extend into the corresponding discharging channel;

the screening mechanism has two, two the screening mechanism sets up respectively under two discharging channel.

Furthermore, the screening mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a first guide rod, a lifting plate, a first air cylinder, a rotating shaft, a first gear, a motor, a second gear and an annular screening assembly;

the bottom plate is fixedly arranged on the ground, the first guide rod is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate along the longitudinal direction, the lifting plate is transversely arranged and is in sliding connection with the first guide rod, the rotating shaft is arranged at the top of the lifting plate and is in rotating connection with the lifting plate, the first air cylinder is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate and is used for driving the lifting plate to longitudinally move, a disc transversely arranged is fixedly arranged at the top of the rotating shaft, an annular blocking part extending upwards is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the disc, the first gear is arranged on the rotating shaft, the motor is fixedly arranged at the top of the lifting plate, and the second gear is arranged on an output shaft of the motor and is meshed with the first gear;

the annular screening subassembly has a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of the annular screening subassembly all sets up the top of disc, and is located the inboard of annular stop part, and is a plurality of the annular screening subassembly all with the coaxial setting of disc, every the radius of annular screening subassembly is all inequality, the annular screening subassembly includes many along the body of rod of vertical setting, many the body of rod with the central point of disc sets up along circumference equidistant as the centre of a circle, and is a plurality of adjacent two in the annular screening subassembly interval between the body of rod along with distance increase between the disc central point reduces, the lower extreme of the body of rod all with the disc is connected, annular stop part and a plurality of the annular screening subassembly will the top of disc separates into a plurality of storage spaces.

Further, every the lower extreme of the body of rod all with the disc is rotated and is connected.

Further, the screening mechanism further comprises a cleaning assembly, the cleaning assembly comprises a base, a longitudinal plate, a second guide rod, a moving block and a second air cylinder, the base is fixedly arranged on the ground, the longitudinal plate is fixedly arranged on the base, the second guide rod is transversely and fixedly arranged at the upper end of the longitudinal plate, the moving block is arranged on the second guide rod and is in sliding connection with the second guide rod, a plurality of cleaning barrels are transversely arranged at the bottom of the moving block, are longitudinally arranged and are rotatably connected with the moving block, are in one-to-one correspondence with the annular screening assemblies and are used for cleaning blockages on the corresponding annular screening assemblies, and a plurality of sharp-prick portions are circumferentially arranged on the outer circumferential surface of each cleaning barrel at intervals, the second cylinder is used for driving the moving block to move on the second guide rod along the transverse direction.

Further, screening mechanism still includes a plurality of negative pressure components, and is a plurality of negative pressure components and a plurality of storage space one-to-one sets up, negative pressure components includes negative pressure pump, collecting vessel and suction nozzle, the negative pressure pump with the collecting vessel all is fixed to be set up on the base, the bottom of collecting vessel is all negative pressure pump intercommunication, the mid-mounting of collecting vessel has the filter screen, the suction nozzle is installed the bottom of movable block, and opening direction is down, the suction nozzle with the top intercommunication of collecting vessel.

Further, a suction nozzle in the negative pressure assembly can enter the corresponding storage space.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the solid waste treatment device with the double-cavity structure, provided by the invention, the solid waste crushed by the crushing mechanism can respectively enter the two discharging channels under the action of the flow guide block. When the separating assembly works, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets in the two separating assemblies on the side close to the electromagnet are the same, so that after the electromagnet is electrified, the separating plates in the two separating assemblies move towards the same direction under the action of the guide groove and the sliding block. When a discharging channel is opened, another discharging channel is closed, the screening mechanism below the closed discharging channel starts to perform screening operation, and the screening mechanism below the opened discharging channel can continue to receive materials, so that the whole device can continuously work, and the working efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal cross-section of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a screening mechanism;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cleaning cylinder;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the inner cross-section of the collecting barrel.

Reference numerals: 10-box body, 11-feed inlet, 12-discharge channel, 20-crushing mechanism, 30-guide block, 31-inclined surface, 32-guide groove, 40-separating mechanism, 41-electromagnet, 50-screening mechanism, 51-bottom plate, 52-first guide rod, 53-lifting plate, 54-first cylinder, 55-rotating shaft, 56-first gear, 57-motor, 58-second gear, 59-disk, 591-annular blocking part, 592-storage space, 60-separating component, 61-slide block, 62-permanent magnet, 63-partition plate, 70-annular screening component, 71-rod body, 80-cleaning component, 81-base, 82-longitudinal plate, 83-second guide rod, 84-a moving block, 85-a cleaning barrel, 86-a spike part, 87-a second cylinder, 90-a negative pressure component, 91-a negative pressure pump, 92-a collecting barrel, 93-a suction nozzle, 94-a filter screen and 95-a hose.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection or a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "upper," "lower," "inner" and "outer" and the like refer to orientations and positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, which are used for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or components must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be considered limiting.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a solid waste treatment apparatus with a dual chamber structure, which includes a tank 10, a crushing mechanism 20, a deflector 30, a partition mechanism 40, and a screening mechanism 50. The top of the tank 10 has a feed inlet 11 and a crushing mechanism 20 for crushing the solid waste.

The deflector block 30 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tank 10 and below the crushing mechanism 20. A discharging channel 12 is respectively formed between the two sides of the flow guide block 30 and the inner wall of the box body 10. The top of the baffle block 30 is formed with two inclined surfaces 31, and the solid waste crushed by the crushing mechanism 20 enters the two discharging channels 12 respectively under the action of the two inclined surfaces 31. The guide block 30 is internally formed with a guide groove 32 extending in a transverse direction.

The separation mechanism 40 includes an electromagnet 41 and two separation assemblies 60. The electromagnet 41 is fixedly installed on the wall of the groove in the middle of the guide groove 32 and is electrically connected with an external controller. The two separation assemblies 60 are respectively arranged at two ends of the guide groove 32 and are arranged corresponding to the two discharging channels 12 one by one, and the separation assemblies 60 are used for controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding discharging channels 12. Specifically, the partition assembly 60 includes a slider 61, a permanent magnet 62, and a partition plate 63. The slider 61 is disposed in the guide groove 32 and slidably connected to a groove wall of the guide groove 32. The permanent magnet 62 is fixedly mounted on the side of the slider 61 close to the electromagnet 41. The permanent magnets 62 in both separation assemblies 60 have the same magnetic poles on the side adjacent to the electromagnet 41. The first end of the partition 63 is fixedly connected with the slide block 61, and the second end of the partition 63 can transversely penetrate through the groove wall of the guide groove 32 and then extend into the corresponding discharge channel 12.

The screening mechanisms 50 are two, and the two screening mechanisms 50 are respectively arranged right below the two discharging channels 12.

In operation, since the permanent magnets 62 in the two partition assemblies 60 have the same magnetic poles on the sides close to the electromagnets 41, when the electromagnets 41 are energized, the partition plates 63 in the two partition assemblies 60 are moved in the same direction in the transverse direction by the guide grooves 32 and the sliders 61. Thus, when one discharge channel 12 is opened, the other discharge channel 12 is closed, the screening means 50 below the closed discharge channel 12 starts to perform the screening operation, and the screening means 50 below the opened discharge channel 12 can continue to receive the material. After a period of time, the external controller reversely energizes the electromagnet 41, the partition plates 63 in the two partition assemblies 60 reversely move, the discharging channel 12 which is originally opened is closed, and the discharging channel 12 which is originally closed is opened. Therefore, the whole device can continuously and alternately work, and the working efficiency is improved.

The screening mechanism 50 includes a base plate 51, a first guide bar 52, a lift plate 53, a first cylinder 54, a rotating shaft 55, a first gear 56, a motor 57, a second gear 58, and an annular screening assembly 70.

The base plate 51 is fixedly disposed on the ground, and the first guide bar 52 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 51 in a longitudinal direction. The lifting plate 53 is disposed in the lateral direction and slidably connected to the first guide bar 52. The rotation shaft 55 is provided on the top of the lifting plate 53 and is rotatably connected to the lifting plate 53. The first cylinder 54 is fixedly installed on the base plate 51 for driving the elevating plate 53 to move in the longitudinal direction on the first guide bar 52, and the first cylinder 54 is electrically connected to an external controller. A disc 59 is fixedly installed on the top of the rotation shaft 55 in a transverse direction, and an annular blocking portion 591 extending upward is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the disc 59. The first gear 56 is mounted on the rotating shaft 55. The motor 57 is fixedly mounted on top of the lifting plate 53. A second gear 58 is mounted on the output shaft of the motor 57 and meshes with the first gear 56. When the motor 57 is operated, the disc 59 starts to rotate under the driving action of the first gear 56 and the second gear 58.

The annular screen assembly 70 has a plurality of annular screen assemblies 70, each disposed atop the disc 59 and inside an annular barrier 591. A plurality of annular screen assemblies 70 are all arranged coaxially with the disc 59, each annular screen assembly 70 having a different radius. The annular screening assembly 70 includes a plurality of rods 71 disposed along a longitudinal direction, and the plurality of rods 71 are disposed at equal intervals along a circumferential direction with a center point of the disc 59 as a center. The distance between two adjacent rods 71 in the plurality of annular screening assemblies 70 decreases with the distance from the central point of the disc 59, so that solid wastes with different volume sizes can be screened. The lower ends of rods 71 are each connected to disk 59, and annular barrier 591 and plurality of annular screening assemblies 70 divide the top of disk 59 into a plurality of storage spaces 592.

The working process of the screening mechanism 50 is as follows: the crushed solid waste falls from the outlet channel 12 into a storage space 592 in the centre of the disc 59. After a certain amount has been accumulated, the tapping channel 12 is closed. The motor 57 is then operated to rotate the disc 59, and the solid waste is subjected to centrifugal forces as the disc 59 rotates, so that eventually the solid waste is separated by the action of the plurality of annular screen assemblies 70 due to the difference in volume. Wherein the volume of solid waste in the storage space 592 further from the center point of the disc 59 is smaller. The screening mechanism 50 of this structure has a short working time and improves the screening efficiency.

In one embodiment, the lower end of each rod 71 is rotatably connected to the disc 59. Due to the fact that some irregular solid waste can be clamped between two adjacent rod bodies 71 under the action of centrifugal force. Therefore, the lower end of the rod body 71 is rotationally connected with the disc 59, so that the probability of the solid waste per se being blocked can be reduced; on the other hand also makes things convenient for the staff to clear up it, and the staff only need rotate two adjacent body of rod 71, and the solid waste who is blocked just can be taken out by the situation.

In one embodiment, screening mechanism 50 further includes a cleaning assembly 80. The cleaning assembly 80 includes a base 81, a longitudinal plate 82, a second guide bar 83, a moving block 84, and a second cylinder 87. The base 81 is fixedly installed on the ground. The vertical plate 82 is fixedly mounted on the base 81. The second guide bar 83 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the longitudinal plate 82 in the lateral direction. The moving block 84 is provided on the second guide bar 83 and slidably connected to the second guide bar 83. A plurality of cleaning barrels 85 are transversely installed at the bottom of the moving block 84, and the cleaning barrels 85 are longitudinally arranged and rotatably connected with the moving block 84. A plurality of clearance section of thick bamboo 85 and a plurality of annular screening subassembly 70 one-to-one set up, clearance section of thick bamboo 85 is used for clearing up the plug on the corresponding annular screening subassembly 70, all installs a plurality of spine portions 86 along circumference interval on the outer peripheral face of every clearance section of thick bamboo 85. The second cylinder 87 is arranged along the transverse direction, the first end of the second cylinder 87 is fixedly connected with the longitudinal plate, and the second end of the second cylinder 87 is fixedly connected with the moving block.

The working process of the cleaning assembly 80 is as follows: after the operation of the screening mechanism 50 is completed, the first cylinder 54 is contracted, and the disc 59 is lowered. The second cylinder 87 is extended so that the plurality of cleaning cartridges 85 are each positioned directly above the storage space 592 outside of the corresponding annular screen assembly 70. Then the first cylinder 54 is extended to let the plurality of cleaning cartridges 85 enter the storage space 592 right below, and the second cylinder 87 is extended again to let the spikes 86 on the cleaning cartridges 85 be inserted into the gaps between the two rod bodies 71 adjacent in front, and push the solid waste stuck between them down. Since the rod 71 is rotatably connected to the turntable, the cleaning barrel 85 is also rotatably connected to the moving block 84, so that even if the spike portion 86 is not completely aligned with the gap between two adjacent rods 71, when the second cylinder 87 is extended again, the rod 71 and the cleaning barrel 85 rotate slightly, so that the spike portion 86 is inserted into the gap between two adjacent rods 71. Finally, when the motor 57 is operated again and the disc 59 is rotated again, the spikes 86 of the cleaning drum 85 are sequentially inserted into the gaps between two adjacent rods 71, so as to clean the whole annular screening assembly 70.

The cleaning assembly 80 realizes an automatic cleaning process, and improves the automation degree. After cleaning is completed, the screening mechanism 50 is completely reset and ready for the next job.

In one embodiment, the screening mechanism 50 further includes a plurality of negative pressure assemblies 90. The plurality of negative pressure members 90 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of storage spaces 592. The negative pressure assembly 90 includes a negative pressure pump 91, a collection bucket 92, and a suction nozzle 93. The negative pressure pump 91 and the collecting barrel 92 are both fixedly mounted on the base 81 and electrically connected with an external controller. The bottom of the collecting barrel 92 is communicated with a negative pressure pump 91 through a hose 95, and a certain length is reserved on the hose 95. A filter screen 94 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the collecting barrel 92. The suction nozzle 93 is installed at the bottom of the moving block 84 with its opening directed downward, and the suction nozzle 93 communicates with the top of the collection tub 92.

The plurality of sub-atmospheric pressure assemblies 90 are preferably operated prior to operation of the cleaning assembly 80. Specifically, the suction assembly 90 operates earlier the farther from the center point of the disc 59. Otherwise, some solid waste with a smaller volume located outside the storage space 592 will be sucked away, and this working sequence can avoid this problem.

The working process of the negative pressure assembly 90 is as follows: the negative pressure pump 91 and the motor 57 are simultaneously turned on to suck the solid waste in the corresponding storage space 592, and the sucked solid waste is trapped in the collection barrel 92 by the filter screen 94, so that the material taking is completed. The different sized solid waste materials are eventually collected in different collection bins 92.

In one embodiment, the suction nozzle 93 in the negative pressure assembly 90 can enter the corresponding storage space 592, so that the suction nozzle 93 can be closer to the solid waste in the corresponding storage space 592, thereby enabling the negative pressure assembly 90 to work better.

While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a solid waste processing apparatus of two-chamber structure, includes box and broken mechanism, broken mechanism is used for broken solid waste, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a flow guide block, a separation mechanism and a screening mechanism;

the screening mechanisms are arranged right below the two discharging channels respectively and comprise a bottom plate, a first guide rod, a lifting plate, a first air cylinder, a rotating shaft, a first gear, a motor, a second gear and an annular screening assembly;

2. The solid waste treatment device of the dual chamber structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower end of each rod body is rotatably connected with the disc.

3. The solid waste treatment device of the dual chamber structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the screening mechanism also comprises a cleaning component, the cleaning component comprises a base, a longitudinal plate, a second guide rod, a moving block and a second air cylinder, the base is fixedly arranged on the ground, the longitudinal plate is fixedly arranged on the base, the second guide rod is transversely and fixedly arranged at the upper end of the longitudinal plate, the moving block is arranged on the second guide rod and is connected with the second guide rod in a sliding way, a plurality of cleaning barrels are transversely arranged at the bottom of the moving block, are longitudinally arranged and are rotatably connected with the moving block, are in one-to-one correspondence with the annular screening assemblies, the cleaning cylinders are used for cleaning the blockage on the corresponding annular screening components, a plurality of spine parts are arranged on the peripheral surface of each cleaning cylinder at intervals along the circumferential direction, the second cylinder is used for driving the moving block to move on the second guide rod along the transverse direction.

4. The solid waste treatment device of the dual chamber structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein: screening mechanism still includes a plurality of negative pressure components, and is a plurality of negative pressure components and a plurality of storage space one-to-one sets up, negative pressure components includes negative pressure pump, collecting vessel and suction nozzle, the negative pressure pump with the collecting vessel is all fixed to be set up on the base, the bottom of collecting vessel is all negative pressure pump intercommunication, the mid-mounting of collecting vessel has the filter screen, the suction nozzle is installed the bottom of movable block, and opening direction down, the suction nozzle with the top intercommunication of collecting vessel.

5. The solid waste treatment device of the dual chamber structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein: suction nozzles in the negative pressure assembly can enter the corresponding storage spaces.