CN112844042A - Method and system for preventing denitration catalyst from being blocked by sticky dust - Google Patents

Method and system for preventing denitration catalyst from being blocked by sticky dust Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112844042A
CN112844042A CN202110127094.9A CN202110127094A CN112844042A CN 112844042 A CN112844042 A CN 112844042A CN 202110127094 A CN202110127094 A CN 202110127094A CN 112844042 A CN112844042 A CN 112844042A
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Prior art keywords
denitration
flue gas
preventing
dust
dihydrogen phosphate
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CN202110127094.9A
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CN112844042B (en
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李启超
安忠义
范维义
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Huatian Engineering and Technology Corp MCC
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Huatian Engineering and Technology Corp MCC
MCC Huatian Anhui Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for preventing denitration catalyst from being blocked by sticky dust. Adding microbeads at the upstream of the denitration system; or adding microbeads at the upstream of the denitration system and chemical additive ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH)4H2PO4) Or calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca (H)2PO4)2). According to the invention, the hollow microspheres are added at the upstream of the denitration system and are fully mixed with the dust particles in the flue gas, and the smooth spherical surface of the hollow microspheres plays a ball effect, so that the flowability of the viscous dust particles in the flue gas is obviously increased, and the viscous dust particles are prevented from being accumulated on the pore canal of the windward side of the denitration catalyst. Because the microbeads are of a hollow structure, the microspheres are light in weight, so that the microspheres are favorably mixed in flue gas, and the scouring effect on the catalyst is reduced. In addition, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH) was added4H2PO4) Or calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca (H)2PO4)2) At high temperatures, can occurThe decomposition reaction and the reaction with alkali metal oxide in the flue gas dust generate K/Na-Ca-P compound with high melting point, the formation of low melting point alkali metal salt and low temperature eutectic is inhibited, and the caking property of the dust is further reduced.

Description

Method and system for preventing denitration catalyst from being blocked by sticky dust
Technical Field
The invention is suitable for the technical field of air pollution treatment, and particularly relates to a method for preventing sticky dust from blocking a denitration catalyst.
Background
Flue gas discharged in industries such as metallurgy, glass, cement, biomass power generation and the like contains a large amount of dust, wherein the main components of the flue gas contain alkali metal oxides such as potassium, sodium and the like, and the denitration catalyst has the characteristics of small particle size, low melting point, strong viscosity and the like, is extremely easy to adhere to the windward side of the catalyst and continuously agglomerate within the normal use temperature range (200-400 ℃) of the denitration catalyst, so that the flow section of the flue gas is remarkably reduced, the resistance of a catalyst bed layer is sharply increased, and the operation effect and the service life of a denitration system are seriously influenced. In order to delay the blockage of a denitration system, the conventional method is to strengthen the surface cleaning work of the catalyst, including shortening the purging interval, changing the soot blowing mode and the like, but the blockage problem of the catalyst cannot be thoroughly solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a method for preventing sticky dust from blocking a denitration catalyst, so that the stable operation of a denitration system is ensured.
In order to achieve the above object, the method for preventing the denitration catalyst from being blocked by the sticky dust of the present invention comprises: adding microbeads at the upstream of the denitration system and chemical additive ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH)4H2PO4) Or calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca (H)2PO4)2)。
Further, the adding position of the micro-beads is upstream of the adding position of the chemical additive.
Furthermore, the beads are inorganic glass beads, including glass beads, vitrified beads, expanded perlite and the like.
Furthermore, the micro-beads are of hollow structures, and the particle size is 1-150 microns.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the adding amount of the microbeads to the dust in the flue gas is 0.01-1.
Further, the chemical additive is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH)4H2PO4) Or calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca (H)2PO4)2) One or more of (a).
Furthermore, the particle size of the chemical additive is 0.1-100 μm.
Furthermore, the molar ratio of the adding amount of the chemical additive to the alkali metal in the flue gas is 0.1-2.
In order to achieve the aim, the system for preventing the denitration catalyst from being blocked by the sticky dust comprises a heating device, an ammonia spraying device and a denitration device which are sequentially arranged in a flue gas pipeline from an inlet of the flue gas pipeline; the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet of the flue gas pipeline are provided with heat exchangers;
wherein, a bead feeding device is arranged at the upstream of the denitration device, or a bead feeding device and a chemical additive feeding device are arranged at the upstream of the denitration device.
Further, a CO catalytic combustion bed layer is arranged between the denitration device and the heat exchanger.
According to the invention, the hollow microspheres are added at the upstream of the denitration system and are fully mixed with the dust particles in the flue gas, and the smooth spherical surface of the hollow microspheres plays a ball effect, so that the flowability of the viscous dust particles in the flue gas is obviously increased, and the viscous dust particles are prevented from being accumulated on the pore canal of the windward side of the denitration catalyst. Because the microbeads are of a hollow structure, the microspheres are light in weight, so that the microspheres are favorably mixed in flue gas, and the scouring effect on the catalyst is reduced. In addition, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH) was added4H2PO4) Or calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca (H)2PO4)2) The high-melting-point K/Na-Ca-P compound can be generated by decomposition reaction at high temperature and reaction with alkali metal oxide in the flue gas dust, the formation of low-melting-point alkali metal salt and low-temperature eutectic is inhibited, and the caking property of the dust is further reduced. Wherein, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH)4H2PO4) Pyrolysis to form NH3And the subsequent denitration reaction can be promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a flow of preventing the clogging of the denitration catalyst with the sticky dust in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the system of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a heat exchanger; 2-a heating device; 3-ammonia injection grid; 4, a rectifying grating; 5-SCR denitration catalyst; 6-CO catalytic combustion catalyst; 7-CO on-line monitoring device; 8-a micro-bead feeding device and a chemical additive feeding device.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the invention, after the hollow microspheres are added at the upstream of the denitration system and are fully mixed with the dust particles in the flue gas, the smooth spherical surface of the hollow microspheres exerts a ball effect, so that the flowability of the sticky dust particles in the flue gas is remarkably increased, and the sticky dust particles are prevented from being accumulated on the pore canal of the denitration catalyst on the windward side. Because the microbeads are of a hollow structure, the microspheres are light in weight, so that the microspheres are favorably mixed in flue gas, and the scouring effect on the catalyst is reduced. In addition, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH) was added4H2PO4) Or calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca (H)2PO4)2) The high-melting-point K/Na-Ca-P compound can be generated by decomposition reaction at high temperature and reaction with alkali metal oxide in the flue gas dust, the formation of low-melting-point alkali metal salt and low-temperature eutectic is inhibited, and the caking property of the dust is further reduced. Wherein, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH)4H2PO4) Pyrolysis to form NH3And the subsequent denitration reaction can be promoted.
Example one
The inlet flue gas temperature of the denitration system is 350 ℃, and the dust content is 50mg/Nm3The average particle diameter was 50 μm, and the content of alkali metal sodium in the dust was 40% by weight. Hollow glass beads are added at the upstream of the denitration system, the particle size is 20-80 mu m, and the mass ratio of the adding amount to the dust is 0.2. Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH) is then added4H2PO4) The grain diameter is 1-50 mu m, the adding amount of the gold hydroxide is added into the dustThe molar ratio is 0.5. Before adding, the denitration catalyst can be completely blocked within one month; after the denitration catalyst is added, the denitration catalyst still has no blocking phenomenon after running for one year.
Example two
The inlet flue gas temperature of the denitration system is 300 ℃, and the dust content is 100mg/Nm3The average particle size was 30 μm, and the content of alkali metal potassium in the dust was 30 wt%. Hollow glass beads are added at the upstream of the denitration system, the particle size is 10-50 mu m, and the mass ratio of the adding amount to the dust is 0.5. Then adding calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca (H)2PO4)2) The grain diameter is 1-20 μm, and the molar ratio of the added amount to the alkali metal in the dust is 0.5. Before adding, the denitration catalyst can be completely blocked within half a month; after the denitration catalyst is added, the denitration catalyst still has no blocking phenomenon after running for one year.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for preventing sticky dust from blocking a denitration catalyst is characterized in that microbeads are added to the upstream of a denitration system; or adding microbeads at the upstream of the denitration system and chemical additive ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH)4H2PO4) Or calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca (H)2PO4)2)。
2. The method for preventing the clogging of the denitration catalyst with the sticky dust as set forth in claim 1, wherein the bead feeding position is upstream of the chemical additive feeding position.
3. The method for preventing the sticky dust from blocking the denitration catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the beads are inorganic glass beads, including glass beads, vitrified beads, expanded perlite and the like.
4. The method for preventing the denitration catalyst from being clogged with the sticky dust as set forth in claim 1, wherein the beads have a hollow structure and a particle diameter of 1 μm to 150 μm.
5. The method for preventing the denitration catalyst from being blocked by the sticky dust according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the adding amount of the microbeads to the dust in the flue gas is 0.01-1.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the chemical additive is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH)4H2PO4) Or calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca (H)2PO4)2) One or more of (a).
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the chemical additive has a particle size of 0.1 μm to 100 μm.
8. The method for preventing the sticky dust from blocking the denitration catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the chemical additive to the alkali metal in the flue gas is 0.1-2.
9. A system for preventing sticky dust from blocking a denitration catalyst is characterized by comprising a heating device, an ammonia spraying device and a denitration device which are sequentially arranged in a flue gas pipeline from an inlet of the flue gas pipeline; the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet of the flue gas pipeline are provided with heat exchangers;
wherein, a bead feeding device is arranged at the upstream of the denitration device, or a bead feeding device and a chemical additive feeding device are arranged at the upstream of the denitration device.
10. The system for preventing sticky dust from clogging a denitration catalyst according to claim 9, wherein a CO catalytic combustion bed is provided between the denitration apparatus and the heat exchanger.
CN202110127094.9A 2021-01-29 2021-01-29 Method and system for preventing sticky dust from blocking denitration catalyst Active CN112844042B (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0256529A1 (en) * 1986-08-15 1988-02-24 Toa Nekken Corp., Ltd. Method of preventing deactivation of denitrating catalyst
US20030087970A1 (en) * 2001-11-06 2003-05-08 Wittenbrink Robert Jay Slurry hydrocarbon synthesis with liquid hydroisomerization in the synthesis reactor
CN106587831A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-04-26 武汉理工大学 Super-elevation pumping marine concrete and preparation method thereof
CN110548393A (en) * 2019-08-12 2019-12-10 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 Anti-fouling soot blowing device for preventing abrasion of SCR denitration ammonia injection grid and catalyst soot deposition blockage and working method thereof
CN111068516A (en) * 2020-01-18 2020-04-28 浙江大学 System and method for preventing high-viscosity ash from depositing on surface of catalyst through multi-element reinforced coupling intelligent regulation
CN111228994A (en) * 2020-03-11 2020-06-05 山东师范大学 System for utilize chlorine dioxide and turbulent ball tower to carry out flue gas denitration
CN111773833A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-10-16 济南鸿泰华丰机械有限公司 Dust removal and denitration method
CN215463289U (en) * 2021-01-29 2022-01-11 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 System for preventing sticky dust from blocking denitration catalyst

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0256529A1 (en) * 1986-08-15 1988-02-24 Toa Nekken Corp., Ltd. Method of preventing deactivation of denitrating catalyst
US20030087970A1 (en) * 2001-11-06 2003-05-08 Wittenbrink Robert Jay Slurry hydrocarbon synthesis with liquid hydroisomerization in the synthesis reactor
CN106587831A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-04-26 武汉理工大学 Super-elevation pumping marine concrete and preparation method thereof
CN110548393A (en) * 2019-08-12 2019-12-10 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 Anti-fouling soot blowing device for preventing abrasion of SCR denitration ammonia injection grid and catalyst soot deposition blockage and working method thereof
CN111068516A (en) * 2020-01-18 2020-04-28 浙江大学 System and method for preventing high-viscosity ash from depositing on surface of catalyst through multi-element reinforced coupling intelligent regulation
CN111228994A (en) * 2020-03-11 2020-06-05 山东师范大学 System for utilize chlorine dioxide and turbulent ball tower to carry out flue gas denitration
CN111773833A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-10-16 济南鸿泰华丰机械有限公司 Dust removal and denitration method
CN215463289U (en) * 2021-01-29 2022-01-11 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 System for preventing sticky dust from blocking denitration catalyst

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