CN112842861A - Brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on multi-sensory stimulation motion feedback - Google Patents
Brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on multi-sensory stimulation motion feedback Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on multi-sense stimulation motion feedback, which is suitable for a cerebral apoplexy patient with serious motor dysfunction and helps the patient to carry out active rehabilitation training; the patient wears an electrode cap and a plurality of sensory stimulation collapsible water ball gloves, and is connected with a computer, an electroencephalogram collector and a glove controller; the computer firstly collects EEG signals for preprocessing, characteristic extraction and mode recognition, judges the movement intention of the upper limbs of the patient, converts the movement intention into control signals and transmits the control signals to the glove controller so as to drive the hands of the patient to complete related training tasks. The invention has the advantages of multi-sensory stimulation motion feedback, real-time on-line rehabilitation training and the like, the glove with multi-sensory stimulation and comfort can fully stimulate the hand of a patient to carry out motion feedback, and a brain-computer interface is used to form a closed loop of nerves and motion, thereby realizing the nerve rehabilitation training without accompanying of doctors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rehabilitation training, in particular to a brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method and device based on multi-sensory stimulation motion feedback.
Background
The cerebral apoplexy is one of main death reasons of human beings all over the world, and the characteristics of high morbidity, high mortality are brought for the patient, and simultaneously the recovered demand of cerebral apoplexy sequelae is bringing huge pressure to the medical system, leads to recovered doctor not enough, and the patient can not obtain effective recovery. In the recovered field of nerve, BCI rehabilitation equipment can help the cerebral apoplexy patient to establish the route of external nerve and motion again, strengthens the neural connection between brain and the limbs to promote the recovered of patient's limbs motion function, the recovered better recovered effect that has to the cerebral apoplexy patient of brain machine interface. In the nerve feedback mode of the conventional BCI rehabilitation equipment, a more mainstream mode is motion feedback, and the feedback uses mechanical equipment to drive a patient to perform rehabilitation training.
The research shows that the skin of the affected limb also comprises a large number of sensors such as sensory receptors, heat sensation, vibration sensation, deep pressure sensation and the like, and the sensors can be stimulated to generate stronger limb feeling. The hand motion function has comparatively important effect to realizing the life self-reliance, and hand structure is comparatively complicated for traditional mechanical equipment can't the accurate finger of laminating, in the use, produces the pressure pain sensation easily, causes patient secondary injury even.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are that the existing brain-computer interface rehabilitation mode mainly drives the patient to rehabilitate through mechanical equipment, cannot cause deep limb movement feedback, hardly causes skin irritation, and the conventional mechanical equipment cannot be precisely attached to fingers, which is easy to cause secondary injury. Therefore, the brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on the multi-sensation stimulation motion feedback is provided, the water ball is used for relaxing and driving the fingers to move, the safety is high, the comfort is high, the noise is low, the carrying is convenient, meanwhile, warm water can be conveyed to carry out heat sensation stimulation on the hands by the water ball, the traditional electric heating mode is compared, the mode has the advantages of being safer and more convenient, and the multi-sensation stimulation is combined to realize that novel motion feedback has profound significance for improving the feedback effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on multi-sensory stimulation motor feedback, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, a patient wears an electrode cap and a plurality of sensory stimulation water-shrinking ball gloves and is connected with a computer, an electroencephalogram collector and a glove controller;
step two, adjusting the maximum expansion volume, the temperature and the vibration frequency of a water ball in the center of the water ball glove, which is stimulated and relaxed by various senses;
thirdly, the electroencephalogram collector collects electroencephalogram signals of the patient, transmits the electroencephalogram signals to the computer for analysis, and decodes movement intentions of the patient;
dividing motion instructions according to the decoded motion intention, processing the motion instructions in real time to convert the motion instructions into control signals, transmitting the control signals to a glove controller, and controlling the expansion and contraction of the water ball to complete one-time motion feedback;
and step five, after the training is finished, the equipment stores the use parameters.
Furthermore, the glove capable of relaxing multiple sensory stimuli comprises a silica gel finger protective sleeve, an elastic restraining belt and a water ball, wherein the silica gel finger protective sleeve is worn by the fingers of a patient, the tail end of the silica gel finger protective sleeve comprises a restraining belt interface, one end of the elastic restraining belt is connected with the silica gel finger protective sleeve through the restraining belt interface, and the other end of the elastic restraining belt is connected with the water ball through a middle snap fastener;
fixing the silica gel finger protective sleeve by using a large-area finger magic tape;
the water ball is fixed on the palm part of the glove;
the water ball is connected with the glove controller through a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a power line.
Further, the brain electricity collector gathers patient's brain electrical signal to transmit to the computer and analyze, decode patient's motion intention, specifically include:
step 3.1, selecting a moving time window with the length of 300 milliseconds to intercept EEG data collected in real time;
step 3.2, calculating the Glanker causal relationship of EEG data in the time window, and constructing a brain network;
3.3, using the network attribute as the characteristic, and using a support vector machine classifier to classify the motor imagery task;
step 3.4, judging whether a motor imagery intention is generated or not according to the network attribute, if not, returning to the step 3.1), and reading EEG data in the next moving time window;
step 3.5, if the judgment result in the step 2.3 shows that the patient is performing motor imagery, accumulating the detection times for one time;
step 3.6, judging whether the movement intention is detected for n times continuously, if not, resetting the detection accumulated times, returning to the step 3.3), and recalculating the accumulated times;
and 3.7, if the motor imagery state is detected for n times continuously, outputting a final decoding result.
Furthermore, according to the decoded movement intention, the movement instruction is divided, the real-time processing is converted into a control signal, the control signal is transmitted to the glove controller, the expansion and contraction of the water ball are controlled, and one-time movement feedback is completed, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 4.1, starting a water inlet pump of the glove controller, and conveying warm water into the water ball through a water inlet pipe to generate heat sensation stimulation;
step 4.2, starting an internal vibration mode of the water ball to enable the water ball to generate 24Hz frequency vibration and generate vibration stimulation;
step 4.3, increasing the volume of the water ball, driving the finger to move and generating movement stimulation;
step 4.4, the water ball expands to extrude the finger binding belt, and the telescopic ball generates reverse pressure to act on the inner surface of the finger and the palm to generate pressure stimulation;
and 4.5, after the water ball is expanded, the water outlet pump is turned on, warm water in the ball body returns to the glove controller through the water outlet pipe, and one-time multi-sensory stimulation motion feedback is completed.
Another preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method and apparatus based on multi-sensory stimulation motor feedback, including: the electrode cap, the multi-sensation stimulation water-cooling ball gloves, the computer, the electroencephalogram collector and the glove controller, wherein the electrode cap is connected with the electroencephalogram collector, and the electroencephalogram collector is connected with the computer; the computer is connected with the glove controller, and the glove controller is connected with the species sensation stimulation water-shrinking ball gloves.
Furthermore, the gloves for relaxing and shrinking the water ball by various senses and stimulations comprise the water ball, a finger protecting sleeve and an elastic restraining belt, wherein the finger protecting sleeve is connected with the water ball through the elastic restraining belt.
Further, the water ball comprises a polarization motor, and the polarization motor is arranged inside the water ball.
Technical effects
The brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on the multi-sense stimulation motion feedback is suitable for the cerebral apoplexy patient with serious motor dysfunction and helps the patient to perform active rehabilitation training; the invention has the advantages of multi-sensory stimulation motion feedback, real-time on-line rehabilitation training and the like, the glove with multi-sensory stimulation and comfort can fully stimulate the hand of a patient to carry out motion feedback, and a brain-computer interface is used to form a closed loop of nerve and motion, thereby realizing the nerve rehabilitation training without a doctor.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-sensory stimulation comfort glove of a brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on multi-sensory stimulation motor feedback according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hand-held ball for a brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on multi-sensory stimulation motor feedback according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic device diagram of a brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on multi-sensory stimulation motor feedback according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on multi-sensory stimulation motion feedback, wherein as shown in figure 1, a multi-sensory stimulation comfortable glove comprises a silica gel finger protective sleeve 1, an elastic constraint belt 3 and a water ball 2, a patient wears the silica gel finger protective sleeve 1 by fingers, the tail end of the silica gel finger protective sleeve 1 comprises a binder belt interface, one end of the elastic constraint belt 3 is connected with the silica gel finger protective sleeve through the binder belt interface, and the other end of the elastic constraint belt is connected with the water ball 2 through a middle snap fastener; fixing the silica gel finger protective sleeve by using a large-area finger magic tape; the water ball 2 is fixed on the palm part of the glove; the water ball is connected with the glove controller 4 through a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a power line. The inside finger protective sheath that has the silica gel material of gloves, the outside is fixed with the magic subsides, produces great frictional force. The binding belt is made of elastic materials, and different elastic forces can be replaced according to the use requirements of patients.
The water ball comprises a polarization motor, the polarization motor is arranged inside the water ball, the water ball is made of silica gel, and a plurality of polarization motors are attached to the silica gel wall and used for generating vibration.
The brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on the multi-sensory stimulation motor feedback comprises the following steps of:
firstly, a patient wears an electrode cap and a plurality of sensory stimulation water-shrinking ball gloves and is connected with a computer, an electroencephalogram collector and a glove controller; in particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
step 1.1, wearing a silica gel finger protective sleeve on a patient finger, wherein a belly binding belt interface extends out of the tail end of the silica gel finger protective sleeve and is convenient to connect with an elastic binding belt;
step 1.2, use the large tracts of land to point the magic subsides and fix silica gel finger protective sheath, increase area of contact, increase frictional force, improve silica gel finger protective sheath fixed ability, reduce finger extrusion degree, protect finger blood circulation.
Step 1.3, fixing the water ball on the palm of the glove to prevent the water ball from shifting in the expansion process;
the wearing steps and the wearing method enable most area of the hand to contact the hot water ball as much as possible, and feel heat sensation stimulation and vibration stimulation as much as possible.
As shown in fig. 3, the electrode cap is connected with the brain electricity collector, and the brain electricity collector is connected with the computer; the computer is connected with the glove controller.
Step two, adjusting the maximum expansion volume, the temperature and the vibration frequency of a water ball in the center of the water ball glove, which is stimulated and relaxed by various senses;
thirdly, the electroencephalogram collector collects electroencephalogram signals of the patient, transmits the electroencephalogram signals to the computer for analysis, and decodes movement intentions of the patient; in particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
step 3.1, selecting a moving time window with the length of 300 milliseconds to intercept EEG data collected in real time;
step 3.2, calculating the Glanker causal relationship of EEG data in the time window, and constructing a brain network;
3.3, using the network attribute as the characteristic, and using a support vector machine classifier to classify the motor imagery task;
step 3.4, judging whether a motor imagery intention is generated or not according to the network attribute, if not, returning to the step 3.1), and reading EEG data in the next moving time window;
step 3.5, if the judgment result in the step 2.3 shows that the patient is performing motor imagery, accumulating the detection times for one time;
step 3.6, judging whether the movement intention is detected for n times continuously, if not, resetting the detection accumulated times, returning to the step 3.3), and recalculating the accumulated times;
step 3.7, if the motor imagery state of n times of continuity is detected, outputting a final decoding result;
dividing motion instructions according to the decoded motion intention, processing the motion instructions in real time to convert the motion instructions into control signals, transmitting the control signals to a glove controller, and controlling the expansion and contraction of the water ball to complete one-time motion feedback; in particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
step 4.1, starting a water inlet pump of the glove controller, and conveying warm water into the water ball through a water inlet pipe to generate heat sensation stimulation;
step 4.2, starting an internal vibration mode of the water ball to enable the water ball to generate 24Hz frequency vibration and generate vibration stimulation;
step 4.3, increasing the volume of the water ball, driving the finger to move and generating movement stimulation;
step 4.4, the water ball expands to extrude the finger binding belt, and the telescopic ball generates reverse pressure to act on the inner surface of the finger and the palm to generate pressure stimulation;
and 4.5, after the water ball is expanded, the water outlet pump is turned on, warm water in the ball body returns to the glove controller through the water outlet pipe, and one-time multi-sensory stimulation motion feedback is completed.
And step five, after the training is finished, the equipment stores the use parameters.
The following will exemplify a specific implementation process of the embodiment:
firstly, a patient wears an electrode cap, the action imagination that the hand opens and then the fist is clenched is carried out, and the action frequency is 1 second to finish an action combination. Then the electroencephalogram collector collects electroencephalogram signals of a rehabilitation patient through the electrode cap, transmits the electroencephalogram signals to the computer in real time through the transmission line, the computer performs preprocessing, feature calculation and task judgment on the acquired electroencephalogram signals, decodes motor imagery intentions of the patient in real time, converts the motor intentions of the patient into control signals and transmits the control signals to the glove controller. And finally, the glove controller receives a control instruction in real time and controls the glove to work under the action of multiple sensory stimuli.
The multiple sensory stimuli relax the glove to produce vibratory, pressure, heat and motor stimuli. Firstly, the glove controller controls a polarization motor attached to the wall of the water polo through a power line, so that the polarization motor generates 24Hz vibration frequency to cause the water polo to vibrate integrally. Secondly, the glove controller inputs the heated water into the stimulation water balloon through the water injection pipe to complete heat sensation stimulation. Then along with the increase of the water injection amount, the volume of the stimulated water ball begins to expand, the fingers are driven to perform hand opening action, and the motion stimulation is realized. Finally, due to the action of the abdominal binder, the water ball is tightly attached to the abdomen and palm of the finger, pressure is generated on the hand at the affected side, and pressure stimulation is further completed. The total water ball swelling time was 3 seconds. When the water ball reaches the maximum expansion volume, the water inlet pipe stops working, the water outlet pipe starts working, so that hot water in the water ball flows back to the glove controller through the water outlet pipeline, and the water ball is shrunk to drive fingers to finish fist making. After the hot water in the water ball is exhausted, the polarization motor stops working, the vibration stimulation is finished, and simultaneously the heat sensation stimulation, the pressure stimulation and the motion stimulation are finished. The whole water ball shrinking process time is 3 seconds. Through the inflation and the shrink of water polo, drive hand and accomplish and open and the action of making a fist, and then accomplish once motion feedback (action stimulation), give vibration stimulation, pressure stimulation, thermal stimulation simultaneously at this in-process. After the glove with various sensory stimuli fits with water finishes one work, the computer waits for the next action instruction to be transmitted.
The invention is suitable for the cerebral apoplexy patient with serious motor dysfunction, and helps the patient to carry out active rehabilitation training; the patient wears the electrode cap and the multiple-sense stimulation water-shrinking ball gloves, the brain-computer interface module collects electroencephalogram signals of the patient, the movement intention of the patient is judged, and the computer transmits movement instructions to the glove controller in real time. The real-time processing is converted into a control signal and the control signal is sent to the glove controller, and the motion feedback module completes motion feedback through vibration stimulation, pressure stimulation, thermal stimulation, motion stimulation and other sensory stimulation.
The embodiment of the invention focuses on motion feedback of various stimuli, and decodes electroencephalogram signals in real time to obtain the motion intention of a patient, and the rehabilitation effect focuses on giving the motion feedback in time.
The human body has abundant sensory sensors, and can better sense external stimulation. Common receptors associated with exercise are proprioceptors, including muscles, joints and tendons, and cutaneous receptors, including various receptor cells on the skin. Wherein the thermal stimulation causes nerve impulses by the heat receptors, the tactile stimulation is associated with Pacini and Meissner corpuscle receptors in the skin, and the baroreceptors are associated with Ruffini corpuscle receptors. The stimulation pattern is different and the corresponding receptors are different.
The healing process of stroke can be defined as the function of surviving neurons performing lost neuronal connectivity. The recovery of physical or cognitive function following stroke is largely due to neuronal reorganization to compensate for the lost connections. Research shows that the activation degree of a sensory-motor brain area can be increased by tactile stimulation, and the combination with motor feedback can fully mobilize nerve cells of the sensory-motor brain area of a patient, promote the recombination of nerve cell connection, and re-form a high-efficiency nerve connection channel, thereby replacing the motor function lost by a stroke patient. The combination of multiple tactile stimuli can fully stimulate the affected limb and enhance the activation of the sensory-motor brain area of the brain of the patient. Meanwhile, the attention of the patient to the motion of the affected limb can be strengthened, the feeling of the patient to the hand motion is enhanced, and the psychological hand motion perception of the patient is aroused.
The invention has the advantages of multi-sensory stimulation motion feedback, real-time on-line rehabilitation training and the like, the glove with multi-sensory stimulation and comfort can fully stimulate the hand of a patient to carry out motion feedback, and a brain-computer interface is used to form a closed loop of nerve and motion, thereby realizing the nerve rehabilitation training without a doctor.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on multi-sensory stimulation motor feedback is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, a patient wears an electrode cap and a plurality of sensory stimulation water-shrinking ball gloves and is connected with a computer, an electroencephalogram collector and a glove controller; specifically, the electrode cap is connected with the electroencephalogram collector, and the electroencephalogram collector is connected with the computer; the computer is connected with the glove controller;
step two, adjusting the maximum expansion volume, the temperature and the vibration frequency of a water ball in the center of the water ball glove, which is stimulated and relaxed by various senses;
thirdly, the electroencephalogram collector collects electroencephalogram signals of the patient, transmits the electroencephalogram signals to the computer for analysis, and decodes movement intentions of the patient;
dividing a motion instruction according to the decoded motion intention, processing and converting the motion instruction into a control signal in real time, transmitting the control signal to a glove controller, and controlling the expansion and contraction of the water ball to complete one-time motion feedback;
and step five, after the training is finished, the equipment stores the use parameters.
2. The brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on multi-sensory stimulation motion feedback as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multi-sensory stimulation comfortable glove comprises a silicone finger protective sleeve, an elastic restraining belt and a water polo, the silicone finger protective sleeve is worn by the fingers of the patient, the end of the silicone finger protective sleeve comprises a restraining belt interface, one end of the elastic restraining belt is connected with the silicone finger protective sleeve through the restraining belt interface, and the other end of the elastic restraining belt is connected with the water polo through an intermediate snap fastener;
fixing the silica gel finger protective sleeve by using a large-area finger magic tape;
the water ball is fixed on the palm part of the glove; the water ball is connected with the glove controller through a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a power line.
3. The brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on multi-sensory stimulation motor feedback as claimed in claim 2, wherein the brain electricity collector collects brain electricity signals of the patient, transmits the signals to the computer for analysis, and decodes motor intentions of the patient, specifically comprising:
step 3.1, selecting a moving time window with the length of 300 milliseconds to intercept EEG data collected in real time;
step 3.2, calculating the Glanker causal relationship of EEG data in the time window, and constructing a brain network;
3.3, using the network attribute as the characteristic, and using a support vector machine classifier to classify the motor imagery task;
step 3.4, judging whether a motor imagery intention is generated or not according to the network attribute, if not, returning to the step 3.1), and reading EEG data in the next moving time window;
step 3.5, if the judgment result in the step 2.3 shows that the patient is performing motor imagery, accumulating the detection times for one time;
step 3.6, judging whether the movement intention is detected for n times continuously, if not, resetting the detection accumulated times, returning to the step 3.3), and recalculating the accumulated times;
and 3.7, if the motor imagery state is detected for n times continuously, outputting a final decoding result.
4. The brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on multi-sensory stimulation motion feedback as claimed in claim 2, wherein the motion command is divided according to the decoded motion intention, the real-time processing is converted into a control signal and the control signal is transmitted to the glove controller, and the expansion and contraction of the water ball are controlled to complete one motion feedback, specifically comprising:
step 4.1, starting a water inlet pump of the glove controller, and conveying warm water into the water ball through a water inlet pipe to generate heat sensation stimulation;
step 4.2, starting the vibration mode in the water polo ball to enable the water polo ball to generate 24Hz frequency vibration and generate vibration stimulation;
step 4.3, increasing the volume of the water ball, driving the finger to move and generating movement stimulation;
step 4.4, the water ball expands to extrude the finger binding belt, and the telescopic ball generates reverse pressure to act on the inner surface of the finger and the palm to generate pressure stimulation;
and 4.5, after the water ball is expanded, the water outlet pump is turned on, warm water in the ball body returns to the glove controller through the water outlet pipe, and one-time multi-sensory stimulation motion feedback is completed.
5. The device for the brain-computer interface rehabilitation training method based on multi-sensory stimulation motion feedback as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, comprising an electrode cap, a multi-sensory stimulation water-ball glove, a computer, an electroencephalogram collector and a glove controller, wherein the electrode cap is connected with the electroencephalogram collector, and the electroencephalogram collector is connected with the computer; the computer is connected with a glove controller, and the glove controller is connected with the species sensation stimulation water-shrinking ball gloves.
6. The brain-computer interface rehabilitation training device based on multi-sensory stimulation motor feedback as claimed in claim 5, wherein the multi-sensory stimulation water-ball-relaxing glove comprises a water ball, a finger protection sleeve and an elastic restraining belt, and the finger protection sleeve is connected with the water ball through the elastic restraining belt.
7. The brain-computer interface rehabilitation training device based on multi-sensory stimulation motor feedback as recited in claim 6, wherein the water polo comprises a polarization motor, and the polarization motor is arranged inside the water polo.
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