CN112842791A

CN112842791A - Neck operation mechanical separation arm

Info

Publication number: CN112842791A
Application number: CN202110189309.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 廖文波; 杜迁; 雷兰琼; 曹广如; 孔维军
Original assignee: Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University
Current assignee: Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University
Priority date: 2021-02-19
Filing date: 2021-02-19
Publication date: 2021-05-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical separation arm for neck surgery, which comprises a base, wherein a clamping mechanism fixed on an operating bed is arranged on the base, a rotating platform is arranged at the upper end of the base, a lifting mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the rotating platform, a horizontal telescopic mechanism is arranged on the lifting mechanism, an operating head is arranged at the end part of the telescopic mechanism, two horizontal first threaded rods are movably arranged in the operating head, a first push block and an L-shaped second push block are respectively arranged at the heads of the two first threaded rods, the first push block and the second push block are mutually attached, extension rods extending downwards are respectively arranged on the first push block and the second push block, blocking pieces are arranged at the end parts of the extension rods, and clamping rings for fixing an ultrasonic probe are arranged on the extension rods. The operation doctor pushes away important tissues such as blood vessels, trachea, esophagus and the like after inserting the separation blade in front of the neck of the patient, establishes a safe operation area, and can effectively control operation risks by shortening operation time and enhancing the stability of an operation environment.

Description

Neck operation mechanical separation arm

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a mechanical separation arm for a neck operation.

Background

Cervical intervertebral disc protrusion is a common disease and frequently encountered disease, and the main cause is that on the basis of the pathological condition of cervical intervertebral disc degeneration, the outer fibrous ring of the intervertebral disc is ruptured, and nucleus pulposus tissues further protrude (or are separated) to press nerve roots or spinal cords, so that the clinical symptoms of pain in neck, shoulder and upper limbs, numbness and weakness of limbs and even paralysis appear. The full-endoscopic anterior approach vertebral body bone channel technology is a new technology for treating cervical intervertebral disc protrusion. Compared with the traditional operation, the technology has the obvious advantages of small wound, less bleeding, low cost, quick recovery and the like.

Firstly, two fingers are used in the operation to push away important tissues such as blood vessels, trachea, esophagus and the like in the front of the neck, then a safe operation area is established, a Kirschner wire is inserted for positioning, a C arm is used for ensuring the correct position of a puncture needle, then an expander and a working channel are inserted step by step for expansion, a trepan is inserted into the expansion channel, the trepan is slowly rotated until the tip reaches the rear edge of the vertebral body, and finally, a bone strip separated and broken in the trepan is taken out by operating the trepan.

However, before the bone passage is established, a safe operation area must be established on the neck through the body surface, otherwise, the operation easily damages the carotid artery/vein or the esophagus/trachea, and the consequences are extremely serious. The safe operation area is established by using a two-finger method in the past, an operating doctor or an assistant needs to maintain the operation area through at least one hand in the whole process, and the operation space is small and the operation difficulty is high; in addition, the operation area is maintained by fingers, blood circulation is easy to be blocked and ache is easy to be caused when limbs are maintained along with operation, so that the stability of finger maintenance is continuously reduced, and operation risks are difficult to control. More importantly, the operation area established by using the fingers cannot be completely guaranteed in safety, and whether the carotid sheath and the visceral sheath are completely separated cannot be completely confirmed, which can cause the operation risk to rise.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the mechanical separating arm for the neck surgery, which enables the surgery operation to be more convenient.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the mechanical separation arm for the neck operation comprises a base, wherein a clamping mechanism fixed on an operating bed is arranged on the base, a rotating platform is arranged at the upper end of the base, a lifting mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the rotating platform, a horizontal telescopic mechanism is arranged on the lifting mechanism, an operating head is arranged at the end part of the telescopic mechanism, two horizontal first threaded rods are movably arranged in the operating head and are parallel, square holes are formed in the first threaded rods, a first square shaft is arranged in the operating head, the first threaded rods are movably sleeved on the first square shaft, a first knob is sleeved outside the first threaded rods, and the first knob is in threaded connection with the first threaded rods;

the first knob is arranged in a first knob cavity of the operating head, and the first knob extends out of the operating head; the head of two first threaded rods is provided with the second ejector pad of first ejector pad and L shape respectively, and first ejector pad and second ejector pad are laminated each other, all are provided with downwardly extending's extension rod on first ejector pad and the second ejector pad, and the tip of extension rod is provided with the separation blade, is provided with the snap ring of fixed ultrasonic probe on the extension rod.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: this scheme is fixed on the operation table through fixture, through rotary platform, the position of two separation blades of elevating system and telescopic machanism adjustment, the position that makes the separation blade is located the patient neck top that is in the prone position, can fix ultrasonic probe on the snap ring, carry out ultrasonic scanning to the operation position of patient neck behind the ultrasonic probe, make things convenient for the operation doctor to refer to the inside scanning condition, push the blood vessel open behind inserting patient neck the place ahead with the separation blade, the trachea, important tissue such as esophagus and establish safe operating area, then operation doctor's accessible operating area carries out bone passageway and establishes the operation, overall operation is simple and convenient, it maintains operating area for a long time to need not the auxiliary personnel, operation space has been expanded promptly, can be through shortening operation time again, the stability of reinforcing operation environment comes effective control operation. The operation doctor can adjust the distance between the second push block and the first push block by rotating the first knobs on the two sides of the operation head, the size of the safe operation area is adjusted, the control is convenient, and the adjustment is convenient.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a mechanical separating arm for neck surgery.

Fig. 2 is a structural view of the stopper mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the engagement of the first threaded rod and the first square shaft.

Fig. 4 is a structural view of the rotation damping mechanism.

The device comprises a lower clamping block 1, a lower clamping block 2, a screw 3, a second knob 4, an upper clamping block 5, a base 6, a rotating cover 7, a supporting column 8, a telescopic cylinder 9, a moving rod 10, a supporting rod 11, a sliding table 12, a rotating cylinder 13, limiting teeth 14, a rotating handle 15, a second threaded rod 16, an operating head 17, a first knob 18, a first threaded rod 19, a first pushing block 20, a second pushing block 21, an extending rod 22, a clamping ring 23, a damping spring 24, a blocking piece 25, a first square shaft 26, a clamping tooth 27, a second square shaft 28, a driving box 29, a handle 30, a limiting spring 31, a convex tooth 32 and damping teeth.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.

As shown in fig. 1, the mechanical separation arm for neck surgery in the scheme comprises a base 5, a clamping mechanism fixed on a surgical bed is arranged on the base 5, a rotary platform is arranged at the upper end of the base 5, an elevating mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the rotary platform, a horizontal telescopic mechanism is arranged on the elevating mechanism, the end part of the telescopic mechanism is provided with an operating head 16, two horizontal first threaded rods 18 are movably arranged in the operating head 16, square holes are formed in the first threaded rods 18, first square shafts 25 are arranged in the operating head 16, one ends of the first square shafts 25 are fixed in the operating head 16, the first threaded rods 18 are movably sleeved on the first square shafts 25, first knobs 17 are sleeved outside the first threaded rods 18, and the first knobs 17 are in threaded connection with the first threaded rods 18.

As shown in fig. 3, the first knob 17 is disposed in a first knob 17 cavity of the operating head 16, and the first knob 17 extends out of the operating head 16; the heads of the two first threaded rods 18 are respectively provided with a first push block 19 and an L-shaped second push block 20, the first push block 19 and the second push block 20 are mutually attached, the first push block 19 and the second push block 20 are respectively provided with an extension rod 21 extending downwards, the end part of the extension rod 21 is provided with a blocking piece 24, and the extension rod 21 is provided with a clamping ring 22 for fixing an ultrasonic probe.

This scheme is fixed on the operation table through fixture, through rotary platform, elevating system and telescopic machanism adjust the position of two separation blades 24, make the position of separation blade 24 be located the patient neck top that is in the prone position, can fix ultrasonic probe on the snap ring 22, carry out ultrasonic scanning to the operation position of patient neck behind the ultrasonic probe, make things convenient for the operation doctor to refer to the inside scanning condition, insert separation blade 24 and push open the blood vessel behind patient neck the place ahead, trachea, important tissue such as esophagus and establish safe operating area, then operation doctor's accessible operating area carries out bone passageway and establishes the operation, the bulk operation is simple and convenient, need not the long-time operating area that maintains of auxiliary personnel, operation operating space has been expanded promptly, again can be through shortening the operation time, the stability of reinforcing operation environment comes effective control operation risk. The operator can adjust the distance between the second push block 20 and the first push block 19 by turning the first knobs 17 on both sides of the operating head 16, adjust the size of the safe operating area, and is convenient to control and adjust.

As shown in fig. 1, the clamping mechanism of the scheme comprises a lower clamping block 1 and an upper clamping block 4, wherein the lower clamping block 1 is fixed on a base 5, the lower clamping block 1 and the upper clamping block 4 are both of a C-shaped structure, a screw 2 is arranged on the upper clamping block 4, the screw 2 penetrates through the upper clamping block 4, one end of the screw 2 is in threaded connection with the lower clamping block 1, and a second knob 3 is arranged at the other end of the screw. The lower clamping block 1 and the upper clamping block 4 are mutually extruded by rotating the second knob 3, so that the lower clamping block 1 and the upper clamping block 4 are clamped on the operating bed, and the whole arm is supported and fixed; and the installation is simple and convenient.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the rotating platform comprises a supporting column 7, the supporting column 7 is fixed on the base 5, a rotating cover 6 is sleeved on the upper end of the supporting column 7, the lifting mechanism is installed at the upper end of the rotating cover 6, and a rotating damping mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the rotating cover 6 and the upper end of the supporting column 7.

The rotary damping mechanism comprises a plurality of convex teeth 31 distributed on the upper end of the supporting column 7, the convex teeth 31 are distributed annularly, a plurality of damping teeth 32 distributed annularly are arranged on the inner wall of the rotary cover 6, the damping teeth 32 are fixed on the elastic ring, and a damping spring 23 is arranged between the tail of each damping tooth 32 and the inner wall of the rotary cover 6. The convex teeth 31 and the damping teeth 32 are matched with each other, and an operator has a certain damping rod in the process of rotating the arm, so that the arm stops at any position and cannot shake randomly.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the lifting mechanism of the scheme comprises a vertical support rod 10, a sliding table 11 is sleeved at the upper end of the support rod 10, a telescopic mechanism is fixed on the sliding table 11, and the sliding table 11 is movably connected with the support rod 10; the upper end of the supporting rod 10 is provided with a plurality of limiting teeth 13 along the length direction, and the upper end of the sliding table 11 is provided with a limiting mechanism for fixing the limiting teeth 13.

Stop gear includes latch 26, the activity of latch 26 sets up in drive box 28, horizontal sliding in drive box 28 of latch 26, be provided with spacing spring 30 between the afterbody of latch 26 and the drive box 28, the head setting of latch 26 is in the space of spacing tooth 13, the lower extreme of latch 26 is provided with the inclined plane with spacing tooth 13 complex, the upper end of latch 26 is provided with handle 29, the upper end of drive box 28 is provided with the bar hole, handle 29 passes the upper end that the bar hole extends to drive box 28.

The sliding table 11 can be lifted up and down along the support rod 10, and through the cooperation of the latch 26 and the limit tooth 13, the sliding table 11 can be pressed to descend and stop at any position through the action of the limit spring 30. When the sliding table 11 needs to be lifted, the lifting function can be realized by pulling the handle 29 to move backwards, and the operation is simple and convenient.

An elastic telescopic rod is arranged between the sliding table 11 and the rotating platform and is parallel to the supporting rod 10, the elastic telescopic rod comprises a hollow telescopic cylinder 8 and a moving rod 9, the moving rod 9 is movably arranged in the telescopic cylinder 8, and a return spring is arranged at the lower end of the moving rod 9 and the bottom of the telescopic cylinder 8. Through the design of the elastic telescopic rod bag, the stability of the sliding table 11 is improved, meanwhile, the automatic lifting of the sliding table 11 can be realized, and the labor intensity is reduced.

As shown in fig. 1, the telescopic mechanism comprises a hollow rotary cylinder 12, one end of the rotary cylinder 12 is fixed on the lifting mechanism through a bearing, a second threaded rod 15 is arranged in the rotary cylinder 12, the second threaded rod 15 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the rotary cylinder 12, and the second threaded rod 15 extends out of the rotary cylinder 12 and is connected with an operating head 16; a second square shaft 27 is arranged in the rotary cylinder 12, a square hole is also formed in the second threaded rod 15, the second square shaft 27 is inserted into the square hole, the second square shaft 27 is movably connected with the second threaded rod 15, the end part of the second square shaft 27 is fixed on the lifting mechanism, and a rotary handle 14 is arranged outside the rotary cylinder 12.

The rotatory section of thick bamboo 12 of rotatory handle 14 of surgeon's accessible makes and rotates, and then drives second threaded rod 15 and stretch out and draw back, adjusts telescopic machanism's length, conveniently adjusts the position that separation blade 24 is located patient's neck, makes the operation simpler, convenient.

Claims

1. The mechanical separation arm for the neck operation is characterized by comprising a base, wherein a clamping mechanism fixed on an operating bed is arranged on the base, a rotating platform is arranged at the upper end of the base, a lifting mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the rotating platform, a horizontal telescopic mechanism is arranged on the lifting mechanism, an operating head is arranged at the end part of the telescopic mechanism, two horizontal first threaded rods are movably arranged in the operating head and are parallel, a square hole is formed in the first threaded rod, a first square shaft is arranged in the operating head, the first threaded rod is movably sleeved on the first square shaft, a first knob is sleeved outside the first threaded rod, and the first knob is in threaded connection with the first threaded rod;

the first knob is arranged in a first knob cavity of the operating head, and the first knob extends out of the operating head; the head of the first threaded rod is provided with a first push block and a second push block in an L shape respectively, the first push block and the second push block are attached to each other, the extension rod extending downwards is arranged on the first push block and the second push block, a blocking piece is arranged at the end of the extension rod, and a clamping ring for fixing an ultrasonic probe is arranged on the extension rod.

2. The mechanical separating arm for the neck surgery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises a lower clamping block and an upper clamping block, the lower clamping block is fixed on the base, the lower clamping block and the upper clamping block are both of a C-shaped structure, a screw is arranged on the upper clamping block and penetrates through the upper clamping block, one end of the screw is in threaded connection with the lower clamping block, and a second knob is arranged at the other end of the screw.

3. The mechanical separating arm for the neck surgery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotating platform comprises a supporting column, the supporting column is fixed on the base, a rotating cover is sleeved on the upper end of the supporting column, the lifting mechanism is installed at the upper end of the rotating cover, and a rotating damping mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the rotating cover and the upper end of the supporting column.

4. The mechanical separating arm for neck surgery as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotary damping mechanism comprises a plurality of convex teeth distributed on the upper end of the supporting column, a plurality of convex teeth are distributed annularly, a plurality of damping teeth distributed annularly are arranged on the inner wall of the rotary cover, a plurality of damping teeth are fixed on the elastic ring, and a damping spring is arranged between the tail part of each damping tooth and the inner wall of the rotary cover.

5. The mechanical separating arm for the neck surgery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises a vertical support rod, a sliding table is sleeved on the upper end of the support rod, and the sliding table is movably connected with the support rod; the upper end of bracing piece is provided with a plurality of spacing teeth along length direction, the upper end of slip table is provided with the stop gear of fixed spacing tooth.

6. The mechanical separation arm for the neck surgery as claimed in claim 5, wherein the limiting mechanism comprises a latch, the latch is movably arranged in the driving box, the latch horizontally slides left and right in the driving box, a limiting spring is arranged between the tail of the latch and the driving box, the head of the latch is arranged in a gap of the limiting gear, the lower end of the latch is provided with an inclined plane matched with the limiting gear, the upper end of the latch is provided with a handle, the upper end of the driving box is provided with a strip-shaped hole, and the handle penetrates through the strip-shaped hole and extends to the upper end of the driving box.

7. The mechanical separation arm for the neck surgery as claimed in claim 5, wherein an elastic telescopic rod is arranged between the sliding table and the rotating platform, the elastic telescopic rod is parallel to the supporting rod and comprises a hollow telescopic cylinder and a moving rod, the moving rod is movably arranged in the telescopic cylinder, and a return spring is arranged at the lower end of the moving rod and the bottom of the telescopic cylinder.

8. The mechanical separating arm for neck surgery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the telescopic mechanism comprises a hollow rotary cylinder, one end of the rotary cylinder is fixed on the lifting mechanism through a bearing, a second threaded rod is arranged in the rotary cylinder and is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the rotary cylinder, and the second threaded rod extends out of the rotary cylinder and is connected with the operating head; the rotary drum is internally provided with a second square shaft, a square hole is also formed in the second threaded rod, the second square shaft is inserted into the square hole and is movably connected with the second threaded rod, the end part of the second square shaft is fixed on the lifting mechanism, and a rotary handle is arranged outside the rotary drum.