CN112842256A - Old cognitive impairment fast screening system - Google Patents
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- CN112842256A CN112842256A CN201911101933.9A CN201911101933A CN112842256A CN 112842256 A CN112842256 A CN 112842256A CN 201911101933 A CN201911101933 A CN 201911101933A CN 112842256 A CN112842256 A CN 112842256A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
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Abstract
The invention provides a rapid screening system for cognitive impairment of old people, which comprises an eye movement tracking device, a balancing instrument and a screening server. A gaze target unit of the eye tracking device is used for presenting a target for gaze in the center of the screen; the target stimulation unit is used for providing stimulation to enable the fixation target unit to appear, disappear or move; the eye movement information acquisition unit is used for acquiring eye position changes when the eyes appear, disappear or move along with the gazing target unit. And the pressure sensor of the balancing instrument is used for acquiring the pressure value borne by the balancing plate. The screening server comprises an eye movement track calculation unit, a balance gravity center calculation unit and a judgment unit. The eye movement trajectory calculation unit calculates the eye jump number and/or the eye jump delay time based on the eye position change. The balance center of gravity calculation unit calculates a balance center of gravity displacement and a balance center of gravity offset based on the pressure value. The determination unit obtains the screening result based on the eye jump number and/or the eye jump delay time, and/or the balance center of gravity displacement and/or the balance center of gravity shift.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the application of computer technology, network technology and communication technology in the aspect of cognitive impairment of the elderly, and is suitable for early quick screening and auxiliary diagnosis of senile dementia in rehabilitation centers, hospitals, nursing homes, communities and families.
Background
Alzheimer Disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, and clinically, it is mainly manifested as an insidious disease and a slowly progressing dementia. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a disease intermediate between normal aging and mild dementia, and there can be impairment of one or more cognitive domains, but the living and social functions remain intact. The probability of normal population to progress to AD is 1% -2%, while the probability of MCI patients to progress to AD reaches 6% -25%, and the population is a high risk population for AD. AD is poorly treated, especially in patients of the middle and advanced stages, and therefore the U.S. food and drug administration has not approved new treatments for more than 10 years. Therefore, current research has turned to how to identify early and preclinical AD so that early intervention can be made to delay the progression of dementia and reduce impairment of brain function.
Multiple studies at home and abroad show that the defects of visual space and executive function occur earlier in the cognitive impairment process, wherein the visual short-time memory disorder is particularly obvious, particularly in the aspects of image memory, attention process and inhibition control. Therefore, many studies have been made abroad to determine early cognitive decline by using eye movement-related examination, but there are no reports in China.
At present, the diagnosis of MCI/AD at home and abroad mainly depends on clinical manifestations, and in addition, some auxiliary diagnosis methods such as imaging examination, biomarker determination, genetic detection, neuroelectrophysiological examination and the like are also adopted. However, these examinations are difficult to perform due to problems such as limited operation, high price, or poor acceptance by the elderly.
Therefore, a system which has good reliability, is simple to operate, is convenient to generally screen and is suitable for the middle-aged and elderly people with huge population cardinality in China to rapidly screen cognitive impairment is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to at least partially solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a rapid screening system for cognitive impairment of the elderly, which comprises an eye movement tracking device, a balancing instrument and a screening server. The eye tracking device comprises a fixation target unit, a target stimulation unit and an eye movement information acquisition unit. The gaze target unit is used to present a target for gaze in the center of the screen. The target stimulation unit is used for providing stimulation to the watching target unit so as to enable the watching target unit to appear, disappear or move. The eye movement information acquisition unit is used for acquiring eye position changes when the eyes appear, disappear or move along with the gazing target unit. The pressure sensor is used for collecting the pressure value born by the balance plate. The screening server comprises an eye movement track calculation unit, a balance gravity center calculation unit and a judgment unit. The eye movement track calculation unit calculates the eye jump number and/or the eye jump delay time based on the eye position change fed back by the eye movement information acquisition unit. The balance center of gravity calculation unit calculates a balance center of gravity displacement and a balance center of gravity offset based on the pressure value fed back by the pressure sensor. The judgment unit obtains a screening result based on the eye jump number and/or the eye jump delay time, and/or the balance gravity center displacement and/or the balance gravity center shift.
Illustratively, the target stimulation unit comprises a linear movement stimulation unit for stimulating the gaze target unit to move on the screen at a linear velocity of V1.
Illustratively, the target stimulation unit comprises an interval presentation stimulation unit, and the interval presentation stimulation unit is used for stimulating the fixation target unit to disappear after the time t1 is presented at the center of the screen, and re-stimulating the fixation target to appear at the time t3 on the left side or the right side of the screen after the time t 2.
Illustratively, the screening server further comprises a task instruction unit for issuing a specific gaze target unit requirement through a screen.
Illustratively, the screening server also comprises a basic information input unit, and the basic information input unit is used for acquiring basic personal information of the testers.
Illustratively, the basic information entry unit comprises an identity card reader which is used for reading identity card information or social security card information of a tester.
Illustratively, the screening server further comprises a result display unit, and the result display unit is used for displaying the screening result obtained by the determination unit.
Exemplarily, the eye movement tracking device has an installation shell, the target unit of gazing, the target stimulation unit and the eye movement information acquisition unit are all set up on the installation shell, the installation shell with connect through the link between the balancing board, just the installation shell is located the upper end of link, the balancing board is located the lower extreme of link.
The invention combines the eye movement tracking device and the balancing instrument, screens the cognitive disorder of the old people based on the eye movement-balance double-task cognition, has good reliability, simple operation, easy implementation and convenient general investigation, is easy to be accepted by the old people, benefits most of the old people and families thereof on the basis of saving manpower and material resources, improves the life quality of the old people and reduces the social burden at the same time.
The advantages and features of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The following drawings of the invention are included to provide a further understanding of the invention. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings, there is shown in the drawings,
fig. 1 is a block diagram of a rapid geriatric cognitive impairment screening system in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a basic configuration of a rapid screening system for cognitive impairment in the elderly according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the balancing machine shown in FIG. 1; and
fig. 4 is a bottom view of the balancing apparatus shown in fig. 1 (with the balancing plate removed).
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. an eye tracking device; 11. a gaze target unit; 12. a target stimulation unit; 13. an eye movement information acquisition unit; 20. a balancing instrument; 21. a balance plate; 22. a pressure sensor; 23. a base plate; 24. a rotating shaft; 25. a four-bar linkage; 26. a roller; 27. a limiting frame; 28. locking the handle; 30. a screening server; 31. an eye movement trajectory calculation unit; 32. a balance center of gravity calculation unit; 33. a determination unit; 34. a task instruction unit; 35. a basic information entry unit; 36. a result display unit; 40. mounting a shell; 50. and a connecting frame.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. One skilled in the art, however, will understand that the following description merely illustrates a preferred embodiment of the invention and that the invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, well known features have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, the rapid screening system for cognitive impairment in the elderly according to the present invention includes an eye tracking device 10, a balancing apparatus 20, and a screening server 30.
The eye tracking apparatus 10 includes a fixation target unit 11, a target stimulation unit 12, and an eye movement information acquisition unit 13. The gaze target unit 11 is used to present a target for gaze, which may take the form of a white cross, in the center of the screen. The target stimulation unit 12 is used to provide a stimulation to the gaze target unit 11 to cause the gaze target unit 11 to appear, disappear or move. The eye movement information acquisition unit 13 is configured to acquire a change in eye position when the eye appears, disappears, or moves following the gaze target unit 11.
The balance instrument 20 comprises a balance plate 21 and a pressure sensor 22 arranged below the balance plate 21, wherein the pressure sensor 22 is used for acquiring a pressure value carried by the balance plate 21. The balancer 20 may be an existing one. In the embodiment of the invention, the balancing instrument 20 is placed on the ground through the bottom plate 23, the rotating shaft 24 is installed on the bottom plate 23, the balancing plate 21 can rotate around the rotating shaft 24, the inclination angle is within 0-25 degrees, and the balance disturbance can be added during the system working through the arrangement of the rotating shaft 24. The bottom plate 23 can also be provided with a limit frame 27 to prevent the danger caused by overlarge inclination angle. The pressure sensors 22 are installed at the bottom of the balance board 21, and the number of the pressure sensors 22 may be 4, and the 4 pressure sensors are respectively located at four corners of the balance board 21. In order to facilitate adjustment, a roller 26 may be further installed on the bottom plate 23, the roller 26 is connected with a four-bar linkage 25, and the position of the roller is adjustable through the four-bar linkage 25, so as to adjust the tilt angle. The balance plate 21 is also connected with a locking handle 28, and when the balance plate 21 is required to freely incline, the locking handle 28 is loosened; when the balance locking is needed, the balance plate 21 can be ensured to be horizontal and still by pulling the locking handle 28.
The screening server 30 includes an eye trajectory calculation unit 31, a balance center of gravity calculation unit 32, and a determination unit 33. The eye movement trajectory calculation unit 31 calculates the eye jump number and/or the eye jump delay time based on the eye position change fed back by the eye movement information acquisition unit 13. The balance center of gravity calculation unit 32 calculates the balance center of gravity displacement and the balance center of gravity offset based on the pressure values fed back by the pressure sensor 22. The determination unit 33 obtains the screening result based on the eye jump number and/or the eye jump delay time, and/or the balance center of gravity displacement and/or the balance center of gravity shift.
Further, the target stimulation unit 12 includes a linear movement stimulation unit for stimulating the gaze target unit 11 to move on the screen at a linear speed of V1.
Further, the target stimulation unit 12 includes an interval presenting stimulation unit, and the interval presenting stimulation unit is configured to stimulate the gazing target unit 11 to disappear after the time t1 is presented in the center of the screen, and to re-stimulate the gazing target to appear at the time t3 on the left or right side of the screen after the time t 2.
Further, the screening server 30 further comprises a task instruction unit 34, and the task instruction unit 34 is used for issuing specific gaze target unit requirements through a screen. For example, the task instructing unit 34 may issue "contrast task", "follow task", "eye jump task" and "reverse eye jump task" mentioned later on the screen, and the target stimulating unit 12 may adopt a corresponding stimulation manner based on a specific attention target unit requirement issued by the task instructing unit 34, for example, when the task instructing unit 34 issues "follow task", the linear movement stimulating unit of the target stimulating unit 12 stimulates the attention target unit 11 to move on the screen at a linear speed of V1, and at the same time, requests the examinee to move with the eyeball to follow the attention target unit 11.
Further, the screening server 30 further includes a basic information entry unit 35, and the basic information entry unit 35 is used for acquiring basic personal information of the testers. Preferably, the basic information entry unit 35 includes an identity card reader for reading the identity card information or social security card information of the tester.
Further, the screening server 30 further includes a result display unit 36, and the result display unit 36 is configured to display the screening result obtained by the determination unit 33. The result display unit 36 may be implemented by a screen for the eye tracking apparatus 10, or may be implemented by a printer, so that the screening result is printed and displayed by the printer.
For convenience of installation, the eye tracking apparatus 10 has an installation shell 40, the fixation target unit 11, the target stimulation unit 12 and the eye movement information collection unit 13 are all disposed on the installation shell 40, the installation shell 40 and the balance board 21 are connected by a connecting frame 50, the installation shell 40 is located at the upper end of the connecting frame 50, and the balance board 21 is located at the lower end of the connecting frame 50. Alternatively, the fixation target unit 11, the target stimulation unit 12, and the eye movement information collecting unit 13 are all integrated in the mounting case 40, and a screen is disposed on the mounting case 40.
When the system is used, the following operations can be conveniently carried out:
1. reading the identity card information through a basic information input unit 35 (such as an identity card reader) and confirming the identity of the tested person;
2. the tested person sits or stands on the balance board 21 of the balance instrument 20, and the maximum inclination angle is 25 degrees;
3. the testee adopts a Standard Romberg posture (Standard Romberg Condition), the feet and the heels are separated by 4cm and stand at an included angle of 30 degrees, the two upper limbs are naturally placed on the two sides of the trunk, a static posture is kept, the sight lines of the two eyes and the watching target unit 11 are horizontal, and the central line of the body is aligned with the central point of the screen;
4. balance is kept in the testing process;
5. and generating the fast screening report at this time after the test is finished.
During testing, the dual-task cognitive function based on the eye movement tracking and balancing functions can comprise 4 cognitive tasks in different eye movement forms (different balancing disturbances are added according to different tasks at the same time):
each task is performed by default for a certain time, e.g. 25.6 s.
1) And (4) contrast task:
the examinee is required to watch (fire) the watching target unit 11 at the center of the screen, for example, a white cross (viewing angle 0.5 °), while collecting balance test parameters (i.e., the balance center of gravity displacement and the balance center of gravity offset are calculated by the balance center of gravity calculation unit 32 based on the pressure value fed back by the pressure sensor 22).
2) Follow (pursuits) tasks:
the gaze target unit 11 appears as a white cross (the presentation time period may be random at 400ms, 600ms, 800 ms), and the linear movement stimulation unit of the target stimulation unit 12 stimulates the gaze target unit 11 to move on the screen at a linear speed of v1 (e.g., 15 °/s), requiring the examinee to keep the body balance without rotating the head and to follow the gaze target unit 11 with the eyeball.
3) Towards eye jump (pro-saccades) task:
the interval presentation stimulation unit of the target stimulation unit 12 stimulates the gazing target unit 11, so that the gazing target unit 11 is presented in the center of the screen for a time t1 (e.g., 2000-3500 ms), then the gazing target unit 11 disappears, and after a time t2 (e.g., 200ms), the gazing target unit 11 reappears at the left side or the right side of the screen for a time t3 (e.g., 1000ms), and the testee is required to quickly look at the gazing target unit 11, and simultaneously keep the body balance, and the head is not allowed to rotate.
4) Reverse eye jump (anti-saccades) tasks:
the interval presentation stimulation unit of the target stimulation unit 12 stimulates the gazing target unit 11, so that the gazing target unit 11 is presented in the center of the screen for t1 time (e.g., 2000-3500 ms), then the gazing target unit 11 disappears, and after t2 time (e.g., 200ms), the gazing target unit 11 reappears on the left side or the right side of the screen, and the patient is required to quickly look at the t3 time (e.g., 1000ms) opposite to the appearance position of the gazing target unit 11, and simultaneously, the body balance is kept, and the head is not allowed to rotate.
When the determination unit 33 performs data analysis, an eye movement trajectory curve is obtained based on the eye position information provided by the eye tracker 10, a balanced gravity center curve is obtained by adopting a gravity center calculation method of a basic mechanical model based on the pressure and position signals fed back by the 4 pressure sensors 22, then analysis and calculation are performed based on AD and MCI pathologies and corresponding statistical significance, and preliminary determination is given based on calculation results and is used as a reference for final determination of a doctor. If the value of the eye movement/balance parameter corresponding to the calculation analysis result is in the following range, the probability of the MCI/AD existing in the tested person is preliminarily estimated to be higher. A decision reference may be provided to the physician.
Comparison task (No balance disturbance)
The number of interfered eye jumps is more than or equal to 10
Comparison task (with balance disturbance)
The number of interfered eye jumps is more than or equal to 15
The length of the offset track of the balance center of gravity is more than or equal to 160cm
The area of the balanced gravity center offset track is more than or equal to 80 n cm2
The average speed of the balance displacement is more than or equal to 8cm/s
Follow task
The number of eyedrops is more than or equal to 10
Task of jumping towards eye
The eye jump delay time is more than or equal to 1.5s
Reverse eye jump task
The eye jump delay time is more than or equal to 2s
The number of reverse eye jump errors is more than or equal to 5
In addition, when the task is free of balance disturbance, the following balance data requirements need to be met, and the test is determined to be valid:
the length of the offset track of the balance center of gravity is less than or equal to 80cm
The area of the balanced gravity center offset track is less than or equal to 40 n cm2
The average speed of the equilibrium displacement is less than or equal to 4cm/s
If the testee can not stand, all the unbalancing disturbance tests are carried out in a sitting posture, and the testing with the balancing disturbance is not carried out any more.
Based on the judgment and combined with big data feedback, the system can update and iterate according to the actual clinical data of doctors so as to achieve the gold standard which is more in line with the purpose of fast screening of the old.
The system combines the eye movement tracking device with the balancing instrument, screens the cognitive disorder of the old people based on the eye movement-balance double-task cognition, has good reliability, simple operation, easy implementation and convenient general investigation, is easy to accept by the old people, benefits most of the old people and families thereof on the basis of saving manpower and material resources, improves the life quality of the old people and reduces the social burden at the same time. Moreover, the eye movement examination by the eye movement tracking device is an examination mode with simple operation, short duration, no wound and low charge, and is easy to popularize in primary hospitals; meanwhile, the introduced eye movement-balance double-task cognitive detection gives out a quick screening result based on data acquisition and analysis, and can provide a safe, effective and quick inspection means for preventing and treating aged cognitive function damage.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the directional terms such as "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "lateral", "vertical", "horizontal" and "top", "bottom", etc., are generally based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and in the case of not making a reverse explanation, these directional terms do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the interior and exterior relative to the contours of the components themselves.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe the spatial relationship of one or more components or features shown in the figures to other components or features. It is to be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass not only the orientation of the component as depicted in the figures, but also different orientations of the component in use or operation. For example, if an element in the drawings is turned over in its entirety, the articles "over" or "on" other elements or features will include the articles "under" or "beneath" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". Further, these components or features may also be positioned at various other angles (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other angles), all of which are intended to be encompassed herein.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
The present invention has been illustrated by the above embodiments, but it should be understood that the above embodiments are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention to the scope of the described embodiments. Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that many variations and modifications may be made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, which variations and modifications are within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A rapid screening system for cognitive impairment of old people is characterized by comprising an eye movement tracking device, a balancing instrument and a screening server;
the eye tracking device comprises:
a gaze target unit for presenting a target for gaze in the center of the screen;
a target stimulation unit for providing a stimulation to the gaze target unit to cause the gaze target unit to appear, disappear or move; and
the eye movement information acquisition unit is used for acquiring eye position changes when the eyes appear, disappear or move along with the gazing target unit;
the pressure sensor is used for acquiring a pressure value borne by the balance plate;
the screening server includes:
the eye movement track calculation unit calculates the eye jump number and/or the eye jump delay time based on the eye position change fed back by the eye movement information acquisition unit;
a balance center of gravity calculation unit that calculates a balance center of gravity displacement and a balance center of gravity offset based on a pressure value fed back by the pressure sensor; and
a determination unit, which obtains the screening result based on the eye jump number and/or the eye jump delay time, and/or the balance gravity center displacement and/or the balance gravity center shift.
2. The rapid geriatric cognitive impairment screening system according to claim 1, wherein the target stimulation unit comprises a linear movement stimulation unit for stimulating the gaze target unit to move on the screen at a linear speed of V1.
3. The system for rapidly screening senile cognitive impairment according to claim 1, wherein the target stimulation unit comprises an interval presentation stimulation unit, and the interval presentation stimulation unit is used for stimulating the fixation target unit to disappear after the fixation target unit presents t1 time at the center of the screen and re-stimulate the fixation target to appear at t3 time at the left side or the right side of the screen after t2 time.
4. The system for rapidly screening senile cognitive impairment according to claim 1, wherein the screening server further comprises a task instruction unit, and the task instruction unit is used for issuing a specific watching target unit requirement through a screen.
5. The system for rapidly screening senile cognitive impairment according to claim 1, wherein the screening server further comprises a basic information entry unit, and the basic information entry unit is used for acquiring basic personal information of a tester.
6. The system for rapidly screening senile cognitive impairment according to claim 5, wherein the basic information entry unit comprises an identity card reader for reading identity card information or social security card information of a tester.
7. The system for rapidly screening senile cognitive impairment according to claim 1, wherein the screening server further comprises a result display unit, and the result display unit is used for displaying the screening result obtained by the determination unit.
8. The system for rapidly screening cognitive impairment of old people according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the eye movement tracking device has a mounting shell, the fixation target unit, the target stimulation unit and the eye movement information acquisition unit are all disposed on the mounting shell, the mounting shell is connected with the balance plate through a connecting frame, the mounting shell is located at the upper end of the connecting frame, and the balance plate is located at the lower end of the connecting frame.
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| CN201911101933.9A CN112842256A (en) | 2019-11-12 | 2019-11-12 | Old cognitive impairment fast screening system |
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| CN201911101933.9A CN112842256A (en) | 2019-11-12 | 2019-11-12 | Old cognitive impairment fast screening system |
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