CN112839371A - Multi-channel time-sharing wireless networking method and system - Google Patents
Multi-channel time-sharing wireless networking method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112839371A CN112839371A CN202110206364.5A CN202110206364A CN112839371A CN 112839371 A CN112839371 A CN 112839371A CN 202110206364 A CN202110206364 A CN 202110206364A CN 112839371 A CN112839371 A CN 112839371A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
- H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using carrier sensing, e.g. as in CSMA
Abstract
The invention provides a multichannel time-sharing wireless networking method and a multichannel time-sharing wireless networking system, wherein the multichannel time-sharing wireless networking system comprises a gateway and a plurality of sensing terminals, and the gateway and the sensing terminals are in wireless communication; the sensing terminal is provided with a wireless module and can be switched among three channels with different frequencies in a mode of switching working frequencies, wherein the three channels with different frequencies are a network access channel, a polling channel and an event channel respectively. The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the network access request is actively sent to the gateway by each sensing terminal, so that the work of accessing the sensing terminal to the gateway is automatically completed, and the workload of field debugging is reduced. The sensing terminal carries out fault or danger early warning through calculation and analysis to the characteristic state of the monitored object, and gives the gateway through event channel with early warning information, when reducing the transmission data volume, avoids the gateway to carry out large-scale data processing and analysis, promotes holistic system response real-time and system stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Internet of things, in particular to a multi-channel time-sharing wireless networking method and system.
Background
In the sensing system of the Internet of things, a gateway is used as a central node to collect data of each sensing terminal. Usually, the gateway sequentially collects the state data of each sensing terminal in a round-robin collection mode, and performs fault or danger early warning according to the state of the sensing terminal. As the number of sensing terminals increases, this approach faces a number of problems and challenges.
1, the increase of the number of the sensing terminals increases the polling period, so that the requirements of real-time performance and reliability of the early warning system cannot be met.
2, the sensors of different types need to be set with a large number of acquisition parameters before being accessed into the gateway, so that the sensors can be accessed one by one, which brings great difficulty to field debugging.
3, the increase of the number of sensors causes the data processing load of the gateway to increase, and finally, the real-time performance of the system is also influenced.
One way to solve the real-time problem of the system at present is to actively upload the data of the sensing terminal to the gateway. However, for a single-channel network, only one node is allowed to send data at the same time, otherwise, data collision can occur, which causes data receiving and sending abnormity and even network breakdown.
Another way is to adopt multiple gateways to collect data simultaneously, i.e. a large wireless network is split into several small wireless networks. Each small wireless network comprises a gateway, and each network works at different frequency points to avoid network interference. However, in practical applications, the increase of the gateway will increase the system cost, and the complexity and workload of field debugging will further increase.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-channel time-sharing wireless networking method and system, which can realize high system real-time performance and on-site debugging convenience and improve the stability and reliability of the system.
The invention provides a multichannel time-sharing wireless networking system, which comprises a gateway and a plurality of sensing terminals, wherein the gateway and the sensing terminals adopt wireless communication;
the sensing terminal is provided with a wireless module and can be switched among three channels with different frequencies in a mode of switching working frequency, wherein the three channels with different frequencies are a network access channel, a polling channel and an event channel respectively;
the gateway comprises three or more wireless modules, wherein one wireless module works in a network access channel, the other wireless module works in an event channel, and the rest wireless modules work in a polling channel;
after the gateway is started, scanning the occupation conditions of peripheral wireless channels, and allocating idle working frequency points for event channels and polling channels;
the sensing terminal sends a network access request to the gateway through a network access channel, and the sensing terminal sends event information to the gateway through an event channel;
and the sensing terminal measures the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object, and stores the measurement result for fault or danger analysis.
As a further improvement of the invention, the sensing terminal has a unique sensing terminal identification number, when the sensing terminal is in a non-network-access state, the sensing terminal regularly sends a network access request to the gateway through a network access channel, and the network access request information comprises the type of the sensing terminal and the identification number of the sensing terminal; after detecting that the sensing terminals are accessed to the network, the gateway starts to start a polling channel to perform polling data acquisition on all the accessed sensing terminals, and simultaneously starts an event channel; when the early warning event is uploaded at the sensing terminal, the wireless module is switched to an event channel, and the fault or danger early warning event is uploaded to the gateway through the event channel;
after the sensing terminal is powered on, delaying a period of time and then sending network access information; after receiving the network access request of the sensing terminal through the network access channel, the gateway replies response information for accepting network access or refusing network access to the gateway through the network access channel; and if the gateway has a plurality of polling channels, the sensing terminals are uniformly distributed on the polling channels according to the network access sequence of the sensing terminals.
As a further improvement of the invention, the gateway receiving network access response information comprises a sensing terminal identification number, the working frequency point information of a polling channel, the working frequency point information of an event channel and the receiving network access code number information; the network access refusing response information comprises a sensing terminal identification number and network access refusing code number information; after receiving a gateway network access response, a sensing terminal records a polling channel and an event channel which are distributed, switches the working state from non-network access to network access, and switches a working frequency point of a wireless module to the polling channel, wherein the frequency of the polling channel is the working frequency point information in the response of receiving network access, when the sensing terminal has an early warning event and sends the event information, the sensing terminal switches to the event channel to send the event information, and after the sensing terminal finishes sending the event information through the event channel, the sensing terminal switches back to the polling channel; and after receiving the event information of the sensing terminal in the event channel, the gateway returns event confirmation information through the polling channel corresponding to the sensing terminal.
As a further improvement of the present invention, after detecting that the sensing terminal is networked, the gateway starts a polling channel to perform polling data acquisition on all the networked sensing terminals, and simultaneously starts an event channel to monitor event information actively uploaded by the sensing terminal; when the early warning event is uploaded by the sensing terminal, the wireless module is switched to an event channel, the fault or dangerous early warning event is uploaded to the gateway through the event channel, and the event information comprises the identification number of the sensing terminal, the event code number, the event number and the characteristic state information of the monitored object;
after receiving the event information sent by the sensing terminal through the event channel, the gateway suspends polling acquisition on the polling channel and sends event confirmation information through the polling channel, wherein the event confirmation information comprises an identification number and an event number of the sensing terminal; after the gateway finishes the event confirmation information transmission, continuously polling and collecting on a polling channel;
the sensing terminal forms a fault or danger early warning event by performing threshold analysis or data trend analysis on the real-time characteristic state and the historical characteristic state of the monitored object, and stores event information in the recording module;
the real-time characteristic state record of the monitored object of the sensing terminal carries corresponding record time mark information;
the network access information sent by the sensing terminal adopts encryption and identity authentication technologies, so that the security and the privacy of data uploading are ensured.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the sensing terminal includes:
a measurement module: the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object is used for carrying out fault or danger early warning on the monitored object;
a recording module: the real-time characteristic state data of the monitored object are stored;
the early warning module: the system is used for analyzing the historical state characteristic data of the monitored object and carrying out fault or danger early warning;
a wireless communication module: the wireless communication module works in a network access channel, a polling channel and an event channel; used for transmitting network access information and event information; when receiving a gateway polling acquisition request, sending the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object to a gateway;
a display module: the system is used for displaying the working state of the sensing terminal;
a parameter setting module: the parameter setting method is used for parameter setting of the sensing terminal.
The invention also provides a multi-channel time-sharing wireless networking method, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: the sensing terminal switches the wireless module to a network access channel and sends a network access request to the gateway, and the gateway replies network access response information through the network access channel after receiving the network access request of the sensing terminal;
step S2: after receiving the gateway network access response information, the sensing terminal records the allocated polling channel and the event channel, switches the working frequency point of the wireless module to the polling channel, and prepares to receive the polling request of the gateway, thereby completing the network access action;
step S3: after completing network access, the sensing terminal starts to measure the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object at regular time and stores the real-time characteristic state in the recording module, and the real-time characteristic state record of the monitored object can carry corresponding record time mark information;
step S4: after receiving the polling request of the gateway, the sensing terminal replies the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object according to the specific request content of the gateway;
step S5: the sensing terminal forms a fault or danger early warning event by carrying out threshold value analysis or data trend analysis on the real-time characteristic state and the historical characteristic state of the monitored object, and stores event information in the recording module;
step S6: the sensing terminal switches the working frequency point of the wireless module to an event channel and sends a fault or danger early warning event to the gateway through the event channel;
step S7: and after the fault or danger early warning event is sent, the sensing terminal switches back to the polling channel to wait for the event confirmation information of the gateway.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the network access request information includes a model number of the sensing terminal and an identification number of the sensing terminal, and the network access response information returned by the gateway includes the identification number of the sensing terminal, the working frequency point information of the polling channel, the working frequency point information of the event channel, and the information of the network access code.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, if the gateway has a plurality of polling channels, the sensing terminals are uniformly distributed on the polling channels according to the network access sequence of the sensing terminals; in step S1, after the sensing terminal is powered on, the sensing terminal delays for a period of time and then sends the network access information to the gateway.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, if the sensing terminal does not receive the network access response of the gateway within a certain time, the sensing terminal randomly waits for a period of time and then sends the network access request again; after the gateway finishes sending the network access response information, the sensing terminal is added into a polling list of a corresponding polling channel, and a request for reading the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object is periodically sent to the sensing terminal in the polling list.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S4, the polling request information of the gateway includes identification number information of the sensing terminal, and after the sensing terminal receives the polling request information of the gateway, if the corresponding identification number information does not match with its own identification number information, no response is made; if the identification number information of the user accords with the self identification number information, a corresponding response message is replied;
in the step S5, the event of the sensing terminal itself is stored in the recording module;
in step S7, when the sensing terminal does not receive the event confirmation message returned by the gateway within the set time, the sensing terminal will repeat the sending work of the fault or the dangerous early warning event.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the gateway can sense all the peripheral sensing terminals by actively sending the network access request to the gateway through each sensing terminal, so that the work of accessing the sensing terminals to the gateway is automatically completed, and the workload of field debugging is reduced. The sensing terminal carries out fault or danger early warning through calculation and analysis to the characteristic state of the monitored object, and gives the gateway on with early warning information through the incident channel, when reducing the transmission data volume, has avoided the gateway to carry out large-scale data processing and analysis, has promoted holistic system response real-time and system stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a sensing terminal of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention discloses a multi-channel time-sharing wireless networking system, which comprises a gateway and a plurality of sensing terminals, wherein the gateway and the plurality of sensing terminals adopt wireless communication; the sensing terminal is provided with a wireless module and can be switched among three channels with different frequencies in a mode of switching working frequency, wherein the three channels with different frequencies are a network access channel, a polling channel and an event channel respectively; the gateway comprises more than three wireless modules, wherein one wireless module works in a network access channel, the other wireless module works in an event channel, and the rest wireless modules work in a polling channel; after the gateway is started, scanning the occupation conditions of peripheral wireless channels, and allocating idle working frequency points for event channels and polling channels; the sensing terminal sends a network access request to the gateway through a network access channel, and the sensing terminal sends event information to the gateway through an event channel; and the sensing terminal measures the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object, and stores the measurement result for fault or danger analysis.
All the sensing terminals are divided into two working states of non-network access and network access.
The working frequency points of each channel are different, wherein the working frequency points of the network access channels are fixed, and the working frequency points of the event channels and the polling channels are dynamically allocated by the gateway. If the gateway supports a plurality of polling channels, the working frequency points of each polling channel are different.
The sensing terminal is provided with a unique sensing terminal identification number, so that the gateway can distinguish and identify conveniently. When the sensing terminal is in a non-network-access state, regularly sending a network access request to the gateway through a network access channel, wherein the network access request information comprises the type of the sensing terminal and the identification number of the sensing terminal; after detecting that the sensing terminals are accessed to the network, the gateway starts to start a polling channel to perform polling data acquisition on all the accessed sensing terminals, and simultaneously starts an event channel; when the early warning event is uploaded at the sensing terminal, the wireless module is switched to an event channel, and the fault or danger early warning event is uploaded to the gateway through the event channel.
After the sensing terminals are powered on, the network access information is sent after a period of time is delayed, and network congestion caused by the fact that a large number of sensing terminals are simultaneously sent the network access information after being powered on is avoided.
And after receiving the network access request of the sensing terminal through the network access channel, the gateway replies response information for accepting network access or refusing network access to the gateway through the network access channel.
If the gateway has a plurality of polling channels, the sensing terminals are uniformly distributed on each polling channel according to the network access sequence of the sensing terminals, so that the load balance of each polling channel is ensured, and the fastest polling speed is obtained.
The gateway receiving network access response information comprises a sensing terminal identification number, the working frequency point information of a polling channel, the working frequency point information of an event channel and the network access code number receiving information; the network access refusing response information comprises a sensing terminal identification number and network access refusing code number information; after receiving a gateway network access response, the sensing terminal records the allocated polling channel and the event channel, switches the working frequency point of the wireless module to the polling channel, and after the sensing terminal finishes sending the event information through the event channel, the sensing terminal switches back to the polling channel; and after receiving the event information of the sensing terminal in the event channel, the gateway returns event confirmation information through the polling channel corresponding to the sensing terminal.
And after receiving the response information of network access, the sensing terminal switches the working state from the non-network access to the network access and switches the wireless channel to the polling channel, wherein the frequency of the polling channel is the working frequency point information in the response of network access.
After detecting that the sensing terminals are accessed to the network, the gateway starts to start a polling channel to perform polling data acquisition on all the accessed sensing terminals, and simultaneously starts an event channel to monitor event information actively uploaded by the sensing terminals; when the early warning event is uploaded by the sensing terminal, the wireless module is switched to an event channel, the fault or dangerous early warning event is uploaded to the gateway through the event channel, and the event information comprises the identification number of the sensing terminal, the event code number, the event number and the characteristic state information of the monitored object.
After receiving the event information sent by the sensing terminal through the event channel, the gateway suspends polling acquisition on the polling channel and sends event confirmation information through the polling channel, wherein the event confirmation information comprises an identification number and an event number of the sensing terminal; and after the gateway finishes the transmission of the event confirmation information, continuing polling acquisition on the polling channel.
The sensing terminal can avoid the transmission data Collision which may happen when the sensing terminal accesses the network through a CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with connectivity Avoidance Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) mechanism.
The sensing terminal forms a fault or danger early warning event by analyzing the real-time characteristic state and the historical characteristic state of the monitored object in a threshold value analysis or data trend analysis mode, and stores the event information in the recording module.
The real-time characteristic state record of the monitored object of the sensing terminal can bring corresponding record time mark information, so that trend analysis can be conveniently carried out on the characteristic state of the monitored object.
The network access information sent by the sensing terminal adopts encryption and identity authentication technologies, so that the security and the privacy of data uploading are ensured.
As shown in fig. 2, the sensing terminal includes a measuring module, a recording module, an early warning module, a wireless communication module, a display module, and a parameter setting module.
A measurement module: the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object is used for carrying out fault or danger early warning on the monitored object.
A recording module: the real-time characteristic state data of the monitored object are stored, and the stored characteristic state analysis of the monitored object is used for analyzing faults and dangers of the monitored object.
The early warning module: the monitoring system is used for analyzing the historical state characteristic data of the monitored object, carrying out fault or danger early warning and generating early warning information of response, wherein the early warning information is stored in a recording module and is uploaded to the gateway through the event channel.
A wireless communication module: the wireless communication module works in a network access channel, a polling channel and an event channel; used for transmitting network access information and event information; and when receiving a gateway polling acquisition request, sending the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object to the gateway.
A display module: the display method is used for displaying the working state of the sensing terminal, and the specific mode comprises an LED state lamp or LCD liquid crystal display and the like.
A parameter setting module: the early warning module is used for setting and setting parameters of the sensing terminal, so that early warning of faults and dangers can be more accurately realized by the early warning module, and the parameter setting comprises the setting of an identification number of the sensing terminal, the setting of a measurement calibration parameter, the setting of an early warning judgment parameter and the like.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention also discloses a multi-channel time-sharing wireless networking method, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: the method comprises the steps that a sensing terminal switches a wireless module to a network access channel and sends a network access request to a gateway, the network access request information comprises the type number of the sensing terminal and the identification number of the sensing terminal, the gateway replies network access response information through the network access channel after receiving the network access request of the sensing terminal, and the network access response information replied by the gateway comprises the identification number of the sensing terminal, the working frequency point information of a polling channel, the working frequency point information of an event channel and the received network access code number information.
In step S1, if the gateway has a plurality of polling channels, the sensing terminals are uniformly distributed on the polling channels according to the network access sequence of the sensing terminals, so as to ensure load balance of the polling channels, thereby obtaining the fastest polling speed.
In step S1, after the sensing terminal is powered on, the sensing terminal delays for a period of time and then sends the network access information to the gateway, so as to avoid network congestion caused by sending the network access information simultaneously after a large number of sensing terminals are powered on. The delay time is determined by the sensing terminal identification number through a Hash algorithm. The time slot interval for transmitting the network access information needs to be longer than the transmission time of the network access information.
In the step S1, the sensing terminal may avoid Collision of transmission data that may occur when accessing the network through a CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with connectivity Access Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) mechanism. That is, when the idle network access channel is monitored, the network access information is sent after randomly waiting for a period of time.
In order to ensure the security of network communication, the network access information adopts encryption and identity authentication technologies to ensure the security and the privacy of data uploading.
Step S2: and after receiving the gateway network access response information, the sensing terminal records the allocated polling channel and the event channel, switches the working frequency point of the wireless module to the polling channel, and prepares to receive a polling request of the gateway, thereby completing the network access action.
In step S2, if the sensing terminal does not receive the network access response from the gateway within a certain time, the sensing terminal waits for a period of time at random and then sends the network access request again. Network access failure caused by interference on network access information or network access response transmission is avoided.
In step S2, after completing sending the network access response, the gateway adds the sensing terminal to the polling list responding to the polling channel, and periodically sends a request for reading the real-time feature status of the monitored object to the sensing terminal in the polling list.
Step S3: after the network access is completed, the sensing terminal starts to measure the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object at regular time and stores the real-time characteristic state in the recording module, and the real-time characteristic state record of the monitored object can bring corresponding record time mark information, so that trend analysis can be conveniently carried out on the characteristic state of the monitored object.
Step S4: and after receiving the polling request of the gateway, the sensing terminal replies the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object according to the specific request content of the gateway.
In step S4, the polling request information of the gateway includes identification number information of the sensing terminal, and when the sensing terminal receives the polling request information of the gateway, if the corresponding identification number information does not match the identification number information of the sensing terminal, no response is made; and if the identification number information of the user accords with the self identification number information, replying a corresponding response message. The polling request information and the response message can be encrypted to ensure the data security and the privacy.
Step S5: the sensing terminal forms a fault or danger early warning event by carrying out threshold value analysis or data trend analysis on the real-time characteristic state and the historical characteristic state of the monitored object, and stores event information in the recording module; events of the sensing terminal are stored in the recording module, for example, power-down events on the sensing terminal, monitored switch signal displacement events, and the like.
Step S6: and the sensing terminal switches the working frequency point of the wireless module to an event channel and sends the fault or danger early warning event to the gateway through the event channel.
Step S7: and after the fault or danger early warning event is sent, the sensing terminal switches back to the polling channel to wait for the event confirmation information of the gateway.
In step S7, when the sensing terminal does not receive the event confirmation message returned by the gateway within the set time, the sensing terminal will repeat the event sending operation to ensure that the event message reaches the gateway. The event information and the event confirmation information can be encrypted to ensure data security and privacy.
The gateway can sense all the sensing terminals and uniformly distribute the sensing terminals on different acquisition channels by actively accessing the sensing terminals to the network; the sensing terminal analyzes the characteristic state of the monitored object through the self computing capability and actively uploads the early warning event information. The data volume of transmission is reduced, and the event analysis computation amount of the gateway is reduced. Therefore, the workload of field debugging is reduced, and the overall system implementation performance and stability are improved.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The multichannel time-sharing wireless networking system is characterized by comprising a gateway and a plurality of sensing terminals, wherein the gateway and the sensing terminals adopt wireless communication;
the sensing terminal is provided with a wireless module and can be switched among three channels with different frequencies in a mode of switching working frequency, wherein the three channels with different frequencies are a network access channel, a polling channel and an event channel respectively;
the gateway comprises three or more wireless modules, wherein one wireless module works in a network access channel, the other wireless module works in an event channel, and the rest wireless modules work in a polling channel;
after the gateway is started, scanning the occupation conditions of peripheral wireless channels, and allocating idle working frequency points for event channels and polling channels;
the sensing terminal sends a network access request to the gateway through a network access channel, and the sensing terminal sends event information to the gateway through an event channel;
and the sensing terminal measures the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object, and stores the measurement result for fault or danger analysis.
2. The multi-channel time-sharing wireless networking system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor terminal has a unique sensor terminal identification number, and when the sensor terminal is in a non-networking state, the sensor terminal sends a networking request to the gateway through a networking channel at regular time, and the networking request information comprises a sensor terminal model number and a sensor terminal identification number; after detecting that the sensing terminals are accessed to the network, the gateway starts to start a polling channel to perform polling data acquisition on all the accessed sensing terminals, and simultaneously starts an event channel; when the early warning event is uploaded at the sensing terminal, the wireless module is switched to an event channel, and the fault or danger early warning event is uploaded to the gateway through the event channel;
after the sensing terminal is powered on, delaying a period of time and then sending network access information; after receiving the network access request of the sensing terminal through the network access channel, the gateway replies response information for accepting network access or refusing network access to the gateway through the network access channel; and if the gateway has a plurality of polling channels, the sensing terminals are uniformly distributed on the polling channels according to the network access sequence of the sensing terminals.
3. The multi-channel time-sharing wireless networking system according to claim 2, wherein the gateway acceptance networking response information includes a sensing terminal identification number, working frequency point information of a polling channel, working frequency point information of an event channel, and acceptance networking code number information; the network access refusing response information comprises a sensing terminal identification number and network access refusing code number information; after receiving a gateway network access response, a sensing terminal records a polling channel and an event channel which are distributed, switches the working state from non-network access to network access, and switches a working frequency point of a wireless module to the polling channel, wherein the frequency of the polling channel is the working frequency point information in the response of receiving network access, when the sensing terminal has an early warning event and sends the event information, the sensing terminal switches to the event channel to send the event information, and after the sensing terminal finishes sending the event information through the event channel, the sensing terminal switches back to the polling channel; and after receiving the event information of the sensing terminal in the event channel, the gateway returns event confirmation information through the polling channel corresponding to the sensing terminal.
4. The multi-channel time-sharing wireless networking system according to claim 3, wherein the gateway starts to start a polling channel to perform polling data acquisition on all the sensor terminals that have accessed the network after detecting that the sensor terminals access the network, and simultaneously starts an event channel to monitor event information actively uploaded by the sensor terminals; when the early warning event is uploaded by the sensing terminal, the wireless module is switched to an event channel, the fault or dangerous early warning event is uploaded to the gateway through the event channel, and the event information comprises the identification number of the sensing terminal, the event code number, the event number and the characteristic state information of the monitored object;
after receiving the event information sent by the sensing terminal through the event channel, the gateway suspends polling acquisition on the polling channel and sends event confirmation information through the polling channel, wherein the event confirmation information comprises an identification number and an event number of the sensing terminal; after the gateway finishes the event confirmation information transmission, continuously polling and collecting on a polling channel;
the sensing terminal forms a fault or danger early warning event by performing threshold analysis or data trend analysis on the real-time characteristic state and the historical characteristic state of the monitored object, and stores event information in the recording module;
the real-time characteristic state record of the monitored object of the sensing terminal carries corresponding record time mark information; the network access information sent by the sensing terminal adopts encryption and identity authentication technologies, so that the security and the privacy of data uploading are ensured.
5. The multichannel time-sharing wireless networking system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sensing terminal comprises:
a measurement module: the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object is used for carrying out fault or danger early warning on the monitored object;
a recording module: the real-time characteristic state data of the monitored object are stored;
the early warning module: the system is used for analyzing the historical state characteristic data of the monitored object and carrying out fault or danger early warning;
a wireless communication module: the wireless communication module works in a network access channel, a polling channel and an event channel; used for transmitting network access information and event information; when receiving a gateway polling acquisition request, sending the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object to a gateway;
a display module: the system is used for displaying the working state of the sensing terminal;
a parameter setting module: the parameter setting method is used for parameter setting of the sensing terminal.
6. A multi-channel time-sharing wireless networking method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: the sensing terminal switches the wireless module to a network access channel and sends a network access request to the gateway, and the gateway replies network access response information through the network access channel after receiving the network access request of the sensing terminal;
step S2: after receiving the gateway network access response information, the sensing terminal records the allocated polling channel and the event channel, switches the working frequency point of the wireless module to the polling channel, and prepares to receive the polling request of the gateway, thereby completing the network access action;
step S3: after completing network access, the sensing terminal starts to measure the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object at regular time and stores the real-time characteristic state in the recording module, and the real-time characteristic state record of the monitored object can carry corresponding record time mark information;
step S4: after receiving the polling request of the gateway, the sensing terminal replies the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object according to the specific request content of the gateway;
step S5: the sensing terminal forms a fault or danger early warning event by carrying out threshold value analysis or data trend analysis on the real-time characteristic state and the historical characteristic state of the monitored object, and stores event information in the recording module;
step S6: the sensing terminal switches the working frequency point of the wireless module to an event channel and sends a fault or danger early warning event to the gateway through the event channel;
step S7: and after the fault or danger early warning event is sent, the sensing terminal switches back to the polling channel to wait for the event confirmation information of the gateway.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in step S1, the network access request information includes a model of the sensor terminal and an identification number of the sensor terminal, and the network access response information returned by the gateway includes the identification number of the sensor terminal, the operating frequency point information of the polling channel, the operating frequency point information of the event channel, and the information of the received network access code.
8. The multi-channel time-sharing wireless networking method according to claim 7, wherein in step S1, if the gateway has a plurality of polling channels, the sensing terminals are uniformly distributed on the polling channels according to the network access sequence of the sensing terminals; in step S1, after the sensing terminal is powered on, the sensing terminal delays for a period of time and then sends the network access information to the gateway.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in step S2, if the sensing terminal does not receive the response of the gateway to access the network within a certain time, the sensing terminal waits for a period of time at random and then sends the access request again; after the gateway finishes sending the network access response information, the sensing terminal is added into a polling list of a corresponding polling channel, and a request for reading the real-time characteristic state of the monitored object is periodically sent to the sensing terminal in the polling list.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein in step S4, the polling request message of the gateway includes the identification number information of the sensing terminal, and after the sensing terminal receives the polling request message of the gateway, if the corresponding identification number information does not match with its own identification number information, no response is made; if the identification number information of the user accords with the self identification number information, a corresponding response message is replied;
in the step S5, the event of the sensing terminal itself is stored in the recording module;
in step S7, when the sensing terminal does not receive the event confirmation message returned by the gateway within the set time, the sensing terminal will repeat the sending work of the fault or the dangerous early warning event.
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