CN112834165A - Device and method for testing drag force of liquid drops along axial direction of fiber by airflow - Google Patents
Device and method for testing drag force of liquid drops along axial direction of fiber by airflow Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid drop axial airflow drag force experiment device which comprises a high-pressure air source, an electromagnetic valve, a steady flow circular tube, a fiber, a first supporting plate, a second supporting plate, a first strain gauge, a second strain gauge, weights, liquid drops, a data acquisition card and a computer. The invention can accurately obtain the airflow drag force of liquid drops along the axial direction of the fiber, and has the advantages of simple structure, environmental protection, energy saving and low manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of measurement of dynamic drag force of liquid drops by airflow, in particular to an experimental device and an experimental method for the drag force of liquid drops along the axial direction of a fiber airflow.
Background
The behaviors of deformation, movement and the like of liquid drops under the action of airflow are widely existed in real life, such as spraying in industry and spraying process in agriculture.
When the liquid drops on the fibers are blown by cross wind, the liquid drops form radial drag force and axial drag force under the action of the airflow vortex street. Due to the influence of factors such as droplet shape and vortex shedding, the axial drag force is not completely and symmetrically distributed along the direction of the airflow, which causes the droplets to periodically move along the axial direction of the fiber.
Currently, there is no effective experimental measurement of the drag of the droplets along the fiber axis. Most researches assume that liquid drops are standard round spheres, fibers are standard cylinders, and the air flow drag force borne by the liquid drops is calculated by adopting an empirical formula of fluid mechanics cylindrical streaming and spherical streaming, but the air flow drag force is greatly different from the actual shape and the stress condition of the liquid drops.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for testing the drag force of liquid drops along the axial direction of a fiber airflow.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a liquid drop is along fibre axial air current drag experimental apparatus, includes high pressurized air source, solenoid valve, stationary flow pipe, fibre, first backup pad, second backup pad, first foil gage, second foil gage, weight, liquid drop, data acquisition card and computer, high pressurized air source is connected with the solenoid valve, the solenoid valve is connected with the stationary flow pipe, the end of giving vent to anger of stationary flow pipe is equipped with the fibre, fibrous both ends are fixed respectively in first backup pad and second backup pad, paste first foil gage and second foil gage in first backup pad and the second backup pad respectively, first foil gage and second foil gage respectively with voltage signal access data acquisition card, data acquisition card is connected with the computer. Weights are hung on the fibers.
The first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are respectively arranged on the fixing support.
An experiment method based on an experiment device for liquid drop along fiber axial airflow drag force is characterized in that weights are loaded on fibers, and the distances between the weights and a first supporting plate and between the weights and a second supporting plate are L respectivelyaAnd LbMeasuring F of the first and second strain gaugesyaAnd FybObtaining the axial tension F of the fiber to the supporting plateya,FybAnd La,LbA corresponding relation; the droplets adhering to the fibersThe high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas source enters the flow stabilizing circular tube through the electromagnetic valve to form stable gas flow; the droplets are blown by a steady transverse air flow, subjected to a radial drag force FxAnd axial drag force F'yaAnd F'yb(ii) a Calibrating F according to the weightyCorresponding to L to obtain F'yCorresponding L' and axial drag force F experienced by the dropletayis。
The fiber axial tension is calibrated in the following way:
when the weight is placed on the fibre, form the pulling force in fibre both sides, have:
wherein G iswWeight of the weight; theta can be calculated according to the measured result by the formula 1aAnd La、FyaIs a corresponding relation of (a), i.e. thetaa=Θ(La,Fya) (ii) a Calibration results for θbThe same applies.
The liquid drop standing force is obtained by the following method:
when the droplets rest on the fibres, tension is likewise created on both sides of the fibres, with
Gd=Fya1sin(θa1)+Fyb1sin(θb1) (formula 2)
Wherein G isdIs the drop weight;
according to measured Fya1,Fyb1,La1,Lb1From (equation 3), θ can be calculateda1And thetab1G is calculated from (formula 2)dNamely the liquid drop stress under the static condition; theta obtained by calibrating axial tension of fibera=Θ(La,Fya) And comparing the measured result with the measured result, and verifying the accuracy of the liquid drop standing stress result.
The axial drag force of the transverse gas flow on the liquid droplets is obtained by:
when the droplets are subjected to a transverse gas flow, a radial drag force F is generatedwxAnd a transverse drag force FwyAt this time have
From measured Fya2,Fyb2,La2,Lb2From (equation 3), θ 'can be calculated'a2And θ'b2Due to axial drag force F of the air flowwyMuch smaller than GdAnd FwxTherefore, may be used of theta'a2And θ'b2Instead of thetaa2And thetab2F can be calculated according to (equation 5)wyI.e. the airflow axial drag force.
The invention can accurately obtain the airflow drag force of liquid drops along the axial direction of the fiber, and has the advantages of simple structure, environmental protection, energy saving and low manufacturing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the force of a droplet resting on a fiber;
in the figure: 1-high pressure gas source, 2-electromagnetic valve, 3-steady flow round tube, 4-fiber, 5 a-first supporting plate, 5 b-first supporting plate, 6 a-first strain gauge, 6 b-second strain gauge, 7-weight, 8-liquid drop, 9-data acquisition card, and 10-computer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, an experimental apparatus for droplet drag force along fiber axial direction comprises a high pressure gas source 1, an electromagnetic valve 2, a steady flow circular tube 3, a fiber 4, a first support plate 5a, a second support plate 5b, a first strain gauge 6a, a second strain gauge 6b, a weight 7, a droplet 8, a data acquisition card 9 and a computer 10, wherein the high pressure gas source 1 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 2, the electromagnetic valve 2 is connected with the steady flow circular tube 3, the fiber 4 is arranged at the air outlet end of the steady flow circular tube 3, two ends of the fiber 4 are respectively fixed on the first support plate 5a and the second support plate 5b, the first support plate 5a and the second support plate 5b are respectively installed on a fixed support, the first strain gauge 6a and the second strain gauge 6b are respectively adhered on the first support plate 5a and the second support plate 5b, the first strain gauge 6a and the second strain gauge 6b are respectively connected with a voltage signal to the data acquisition card 9, the data acquisition card 9 is connected with a computer 10. Weights 7 are hung on the fibers 4.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, in the experimental method based on the experimental device for the liquid drop drag force of the air flow along the axial direction of the fiber, the weight 7 is loaded on the fiber 4, and the distances between the weight 7 and the first support plate 5a and the second support plate 5b are respectively LaAnd LbF of the first strain gage 6a and the second strain gage 6b is measuredyaAnd FybObtaining the axial tension F of the fiber 4 to the supporting plateya,FybAnd La,LbA corresponding relation; the liquid drops 8 are adhered to the fibers 4, and high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas source 1 enters the flow stabilizing circular tube 3 through the electromagnetic valve 2 to form stable gas flow; said droplets 8 being blown by a steady transverse air flow, subjected to a radial drag force FxAnd axial drag force F'yaAnd F'yb(ii) a Calibrating F according to the weightyCorresponding to L to obtain F'yCorresponding L' and axial drag force F experienced by the dropletayis。
The axial tension of the fiber 4 is calibrated in the following way:
when the weight 7 is placed on the fibre 4, a pulling force is formed on both sides of the fibre 4, with:
wherein G iswThe weight of a weight 7 is N; theta can be calculated according to the measured result by the formula 1aAnd La、FyaIs a corresponding relation of (a), i.e. thetaa=Θ(La,Fya) (ii) a Calibration results for θbThe same applies.
The liquid drop standing force is obtained by the following method:
when the droplets 8 rest on the fibres 4, tension is likewise created on both sides of the fibres 4, with
Gd=Fya1sin(θa1)+Fyb1sin(θb1) (formula 2)
Wherein G isdIs the drop weight in N;
according to measured Fya1,Fyb1,La1,Lb1From (equation 3), θ can be calculateda1And thetab1G is calculated from (formula 2)dNamely the liquid drop stress under the static condition; theta obtained by calibrating axial tension of fibera=Θ(La,Fya) And comparing the measured result with the measured result, and verifying the accuracy of the liquid drop standing stress result.
The axial drag of the transverse gas flow on the droplets 8 is obtained by:
when the droplets 8 are subjected to a transverse gas flow, a radial drag force F is generatedwxAnd a transverse drag force FwyAt this time have
From measured Fya2,Fyb2,La2,Lb2From (equation 3), θ 'can be calculated'a2And θ'b2Due to axial drag force F of the air flowwyMuch smaller than GdAnd FwxTherefore, may be used of theta'a2And θ'b2Instead of thetaa2And thetab2F can be calculated according to (equation 5)wyI.e. the airflow axial drag force.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a liquid drop is along fibre axial air current drag experimental apparatus, includes high pressurized air source (1), solenoid valve (2), stationary flow pipe (3), fibre (4), first backup pad (5a), second backup pad (5b), first foil gage (6a), second foil gage (6b), weight (7), liquid drop (8), data acquisition card (9) and computer (10), its characterized in that: high pressurized air source (1) is connected with solenoid valve (2), solenoid valve (2) are connected with stationary flow pipe (3), the end of giving vent to anger of stationary flow pipe (3) is equipped with fibre (4), the both ends of fibre (4) are fixed respectively on first backup pad (5a) and second backup pad (5b), paste first foil gage (6a) and second foil gage (6b) on first backup pad (5a) and second backup pad (5b) respectively, first foil gage (6a) and second foil gage (6b) insert data acquisition card (9) with voltage signal respectively, data acquisition card (9) are connected with computer (10).
2. The apparatus for testing the drag force of liquid drops along the axial direction of a fiber according to claim 1, wherein: weights (7) are hung on the fibers (4).
3. The apparatus for testing the drag force of liquid drops along the axial direction of a fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the first supporting plate (5a) and the second supporting plate (5b) are respectively arranged on the fixed support.
4. An experimental method based on an experimental device for liquid drop drag force along the axial direction of a fiber is characterized in that: the weight (7) is loaded on the fiber (4), and the distances between the weight (7) and the first supporting plate (5a) and the second supporting plate (5b) are L respectivelyaAnd LbMeasuring F of the first strain gauge (6a) and the second strain gauge (6b)yaAnd FybObtaining the axial tension F of the fiber (4) to the supporting plateya,FybAnd La,LbA corresponding relation; the liquid drops (8) are adhered to the fibers (4), and high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas source (1) enters the flow stabilizing circular tube (3) through the electromagnetic valve (2) to form stable gas flow; the droplets (8) are blown by a steady transverse air flow, subjected to a radial drag force FxAnd axial drag force F'yaAnd F'yb(ii) a Calibrating F according to the weightyCorresponding to L to obtain F'yCorresponding L' and axial direction to which the droplet is subjectedDrag force Fayis。
5. The experimental method of claim 4 based on the experimental device for the droplet drag force along the axial direction of the fiber, wherein: the fiber axial tension is calibrated in the following way:
when the weight (7) is placed on the fiber (4), tension is formed on two sides of the fiber (4), and the tension comprises the following components:
wherein G iswWeight of the weight; theta can be calculated according to the measured result by the formula 1aAnd La、FyaIs a corresponding relation of (a), i.e. thetaa=Θ(La,Fya) (ii) a Calibration results for θbThe same applies.
6. The experimental method of claim 5 based on the experimental device for the droplet drag force along the axial direction of the fiber, wherein: the liquid drop standing force is obtained by the following method:
when the liquid drop (8) is placed on the fiber (4), tension is formed on both sides of the fiber (4) in the same way, including
Gd=Fya1sin(θa1)+Fyb1sin(θb1) (formula 2)
Wherein G isdIs the drop weight;
according to measured Fya1,Fyb1,La1,Lb1From (equation 3), θ can be calculateda1And thetab1G is calculated from (formula 2)dNamely the liquid drop stress under the static condition; theta obtained by calibrating axial tension of fibera=Θ(La,Fya) Comparing with the measured result, the standing stress of the liquid drop is verifiedAnd (5) result accuracy.
7. The experimental method of claim 6, which is based on the experimental device for the drag force of the liquid drop along the axial direction of the fiber, and is characterized in that: the axial drag force of the transverse gas flow on the liquid droplets is obtained by:
when the droplets are subjected to a transverse gas flow, a radial drag force F is generatedwxAnd a transverse drag force FwyAt this time have
From measured Fya2,Fyb2,La2,Lb2From (equation 3), θ 'can be calculated'a2And θ'b2Due to axial drag force F of the air flowwyMuch smaller than GdAnd FwxTherefore, may be used of theta'a2And θ'b2Instead of thetaa2And thetab2F can be calculated according to (equation 5)wyI.e. the airflow axial drag force.
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CN113588155A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-11-02 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Fiber and liquid drop stress measuring device and method based on image identification method |
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