CN112833950A - Distributed measurement system for complex flow field in steam pipeline based on optical fiber sensing - Google Patents
Distributed measurement system for complex flow field in steam pipeline based on optical fiber sensing Download PDFInfo
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- CN112833950A CN112833950A CN202110016323.XA CN202110016323A CN112833950A CN 112833950 A CN112833950 A CN 112833950A CN 202110016323 A CN202110016323 A CN 202110016323A CN 112833950 A CN112833950 A CN 112833950A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
- G01L11/02—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00 by optical means
- G01L11/025—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00 by optical means using a pressure-sensitive optical fibre
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention relates to a distributed measurement system for a complex flow field in a steam pipeline based on optical fiber sensing, which comprises an embedded optical fiber sensing component and an optical fiber grating sensor carrier, wherein the optical fiber grating sensor carrier is embedded in the inner side of the embedded optical fiber sensing component, and the embedded optical fiber sensing component is fixedly arranged on the inner side of a pipeline to be measured; the fiber grating sensor carrier is a high-temperature metal heat-shrinkable tube, a plurality of fiber grating sensor units are axially arranged in the fiber grating sensor carrier, a sealed space is formed in the high-temperature metal heat-shrinkable tube by plugging two sections of high-temperature curing agents at intervals, an elastic tube is arranged in the sealed space, the fiber grating sensor is axially arranged on the outer surface of the elastic tube, the high-temperature heat-shrinkable tube is in contact with the outer surface of the fiber grating sensor, and the high-temperature optical fiber extends out of the high-temperature curing agents to output a measurement. The invention adopts the distributed measuring device to effectively monitor the important parameters of different parts of the steam flow field in the high-temperature high-pressure steam pipeline and provides reference for the design of a large-scale steam system pipeline system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement of parameters of a complex flow field in a steam pipeline in a large thermodynamic system, in particular to a distributed measurement system of the complex flow field in the steam pipeline based on optical fiber sensing.
Background
In a large thermodynamic system test, the distribution of the internal flow field of a high-temperature and high-pressure steam pipeline has an important influence on the steam distribution of downstream steam equipment of the pipeline, steam parameters at the outlet of the steam pipeline are important boundaries of downstream steam users, the internal flow field of the conventional steam pipeline is mainly subjected to simulation calculation through fluid analysis software, the calculation workload is large, and the calculation accuracy is difficult to verify.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that an effective measuring method is lacked for analyzing the internal flow field of a steam pipeline in a large-scale thermodynamic system test, and the thermodynamic system design and the acquisition of important test parameters are not facilitated in the prior art, and provides an optical fiber sensing-based distributed measuring system for the internal complex flow field of the steam pipeline.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a distributed measurement system for a complex flow field in a steam pipeline based on optical fiber sensing comprises a measurement device, wherein the measurement device comprises an embedded optical fiber sensing component and an optical fiber grating sensor carrier, the optical fiber grating sensor carrier is embedded in the inner side of the embedded optical fiber sensing component, and the embedded optical fiber sensing component is fixedly arranged on the inner side of a measured pipeline;
the fiber grating sensor carrier is a high-temperature metal heat shrinkable tube, a plurality of fiber grating sensor units are axially arranged on the fiber grating sensor carrier, each fiber grating sensor unit comprises two sections of high-temperature curing agents, an elastic tube, a fiber grating sensor and a high-temperature optical fiber, a sealed space is formed in the high-temperature metal heat shrinkable tube by plugging the two sections of high-temperature curing agents at intervals, the elastic tube is installed in the sealed space, a sealed constant-pressure cavity is formed in the elastic tube, the fiber grating sensors are axially arranged on the outer surface of the elastic tube and are adhered to the surface of the elastic tube by the high-temperature curing agents and used for measuring parameters of a complex flow field in a measured pipeline, the high-temperature heat shrinkable tube is in contact with the outer surface of the fiber grating sensor to protect the high-temperature optical fiber, and the high-temperature.
In the above scheme, embedded optical fiber sensing component adopts siphunculus structure or skeleton texture, siphunculus structure is applicable to the pipeline under test of simple structure of pipeline or wall thickness less than or equal to 3mm, skeleton texture is applicable to the pipeline under test of pipeline structure complicacy, pipe wall thickness more than or equal to 3 mm.
In the above scheme, the siphunculus outer wall is laminated with the inside pipeline that is surveyed completely, and the siphunculus is inboard along circumference embedding many fiber grating sensor loader.
In the above scheme, the skeleton includes a plurality of rings of coaxial setting and the connecting rod of connecting a plurality of rings, the connecting rod is arranged many along the circumference of ring, and a fiber grating sensor carrier is set to every connecting rod inboard, the outer wall of ring and connecting rod all laminates with inside the pipeline under test completely.
In the scheme, the through pipe and the framework are made of materials with the same expansion coefficient as that of the pipeline to be detected.
In the scheme, the through pipe and the framework are fixed with the pipeline to be detected in a mode that two ends of the through pipe and the framework are welded.
In the above scheme, the measurement system further comprises a data transmission system and a PC end, wherein the data transmission system collects data measured by each fiber grating sensor unit and summarizes the data measured by the measurement device, and transmits the data to the PC end of the upper computer through the fiber data transmission line.
In the above scheme, the fiber grating sensor units are uniformly distributed along the fiber grating sensor carrier, and the distribution number is increased at the key measurement position to obtain the steam flow field parameters in a larger range.
In the above scheme, the fiber grating sensor comprises an optical fiber temperature sensor and an optical fiber pressure sensor, which are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of high-temperature and high-pressure steam in the steam pipeline; the design temperature of the optical fiber temperature sensor is greater than the design temperature of the steam to be measured, and the bearable temperature range is-20-300 ℃; the design pressure of the optical fiber pressure sensor is greater than the design pressure of the steam to be measured, and the pressure range is 0-7 MPa.
In the scheme, the resolution ratio of the fiber grating sensor is 0.25kPa, and the demodulation frequency is 1 Hz-1 kHz.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the distributed measuring device to effectively monitor the important parameters of different parts of the steam flow field in the high-temperature high-pressure steam pipeline and provides reference for the design of a large-scale steam system pipeline system.
2. The invention utilizes the characteristics of high precision, multiple point positions, good high-temperature and high-pressure resistance and the like of the optical fiber measuring device to realize distributed arrangement and high-precision measurement of the measuring device, and has good applicability in high-temperature and high-pressure and condensed water environments.
3. The invention adopts an integrated packaging technology, reduces installation interfaces, can realize quick installation and disassembly of the measuring device, simplifies the system and reduces the difficulty of system installation and test.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the installation of a first embodiment of the measurement system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a through-tube embedded optical fiber sensing component of a first embodiment of the measuring system of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a fiber grating sensor carrier of a first embodiment of the measurement system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of a fiber grating sensor unit of a first embodiment of the measurement system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a skeleton-type embedded optical fiber sensing component of a second embodiment of the measuring system of the present invention.
In the figure: 100. a measuring device; 11. pipe passing; 12. a framework; 121. a circular ring; 122. a connecting rod; 20. a fiber grating sensor carrier; 21. a fiber grating sensor unit; 211. a high temperature curing agent; 212. an elastic tube; 213. a fiber grating sensor; 214. a high temperature optical fiber; 30. an optical fiber data transmission line; 40. a PC terminal; 200. and (6) a tested pipeline.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the system for measuring a complex flow field in a steam pipeline based on optical fiber sensing according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a measuring device 100, a data transmission system, and an upper computer PC.
The measurement device 100 comprises an in-line fiber optic sensing means and a fiber grating sensor carrier 20. The fiber grating sensor carrier 20 is a high-temperature metal heat-shrinkable tube, a plurality of fiber grating sensor units 21 are axially arranged, each fiber grating sensor unit 21 is a measuring point and comprises two sections of high-temperature curing agents 211, an elastic tube 212, a fiber grating sensor 213 and a high-temperature optical fiber 214, and the installation mode is as follows: the high-temperature metal heat-shrinkable tube is internally sealed by two sections of high-temperature curing agents 211 to form a sealed space, an elastic tube 212 is arranged in the sealed space, a sealed constant-pressure cavity is formed in the elastic tube 212, a fiber grating sensor 213 is axially arranged on the outer surface of the elastic tube 212 along the tube and is adhered to the surface of the elastic tube 212 by using the high-temperature curing agents, the high-temperature heat-shrinkable tube is in contact with the outer surface of the fiber grating sensor 213 to protect a high-temperature optical fiber 214, the high-temperature optical fiber 214 extends out of the high-temperature curing agents 211 to output a measurement signal, and the fiber grating sensor 213 comprises an optical fiber temperature sensor and an optical fiber pressure sensor which are respectively used. Because the air pressure in the elastic tube 212 is not changed, the deformation degree of the elastic tube 212 is different under different external air pressures, and the generated strain is different, thereby realizing the purpose of measuring the parameters of the fiber grating sensor 213.
The design temperature of the optical fiber temperature sensor is greater than the design temperature of the steam to be measured, and the temperature range can be borne within-20-300 ℃; the design pressure of the optical fiber pressure sensor is greater than the design pressure of the steam to be measured, and the pressure range is 0-7 MPa. The resolution of the fiber grating sensor 213 is 0.25kPa, and the demodulation frequency is 1Hz to 1 kHz.
The embedded optical fiber sensing component adopts a through pipe 11 structure, the outer diameter of the through pipe 11 is designed to be completely attached to the inside of the measured pipeline 200, four optical fiber grating sensor carriers 20 are embedded in the through pipe 11 along the circumferential direction, the measuring device 100 is integrally pushed into the inside of the pipeline after being assembled outside the measured pipeline 200, and then the through pipe 11 and the measured pipeline 200 are welded and fixed at two ends of the pipeline. The through pipe 11 is made of the same material with the expansion coefficient of the tested pipeline 200. The through pipe 11 structure is suitable for the measured pipeline with simple pipeline structure (such as a straight pipe section) or thin pipe wall (the wall thickness is less than or equal to 3 mm).
The data transmission system collects and aggregates data measured by the fiber bragg grating sensor units 21, the data are transmitted to the PC end 40 of the upper computer through the fiber data transmission line 30, the PC end 40 mainly receives and displays the measured data, meanwhile, the PC end 40 can be assembled with professional fluid analysis software, the simulation model is optimized through comparison of the measured data and a simulation result, and the distribution of a flow field in the measured steam pipeline is accurately displayed.
Second embodiment:
as shown in fig. 4-5, a second embodiment of the present invention is a distributed measurement system for a complex flow field inside a steam pipe based on optical fiber sensing, which is different from the first embodiment in that: the embedded optical fiber sensing component adopts a framework 12 structure. The framework 12 includes four coaxially disposed rings 121 and four connecting rods 122 connecting the four rings 121, the four connecting rods 122 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rings 121, and one fiber grating sensor carrier 20 is embedded inside each connecting rod 122. The outer walls of the ring 121 and the connecting rod 122 are completely attached to the inside of the measured pipeline 200, the measuring device 100 is assembled outside the measured pipeline 200 and then integrally pushed into the inside of the pipeline, and then the framework 12 and the measured pipeline 200 are welded and fixed at two ends of the pipeline. The framework 12 is made of a material with the same expansion coefficient as the tested pipeline 200. The framework 12 structure is suitable for the tested pipelines with complex pipeline structures (such as bent pipes, reducing places and the like) and thicker pipe walls (the wall thickness is more than or equal to 3 mm).
The distributed measurement system for the complex flow field in the steam pipeline based on the optical fiber sensing has the following advantages:
1. distributed measurement: the distributed optical fiber measuring device 100 is embedded in the steam pipeline, so that temperature and pressure parameters of multiple points in space can be monitored, the optical fiber sensor can bear the temperature range of-20-300 ℃, the pressure range of 0-7 MPa, and the application range is wide; meanwhile, due to the fact that the optical fiber sensor is small in installation space requirement, various sensors can be installed at the same point, a plurality of measuring points are installed in a distributed mode in a large range, the measuring range is wide, and simultaneous measurement of multiple points and multiple parameters can be achieved. The distributed measuring device 100 can effectively monitor important parameters of different parts of a steam flow field in the high-temperature high-pressure steam pipeline, and provides reference for the design of a large-scale steam system pipeline system.
2. High-precision measurement: the measuring sensor adopts a high-temperature optical fiber sensor, the sensitivity can reach 1% FS, the accuracy of the measured temperature is less than or equal to 0.5 ℃, the pressure resolution is less than or equal to 0.25Kpa, and the spatial resolution reaches less than 5cm when spatial pressure distribution data are measured. The measuring device 100 is supported by a high-temperature fiber grating and phase sensitive sensing technology, and the fiber grating sensor unit 21 has a temperature compensation function, so that the influence of high temperature on the measuring unit is eliminated, and the effect of accurate measurement is achieved. The invention utilizes the characteristics of high precision, multiple point positions, good high-temperature and high-pressure resistance and the like of the optical fiber measuring device to realize the distributed arrangement and high-precision measurement of the measuring device 100, and has good applicability in high-temperature and high-pressure and condensed water environments.
3. And (3) integrated packaging: the fiber grating sensor is packaged inside the through pipe 11 or the assembly framework 12 and integrated with the assembly structure, when a measurement object is monitored, the fiber grating sensor is installed in a mode of being integrally embedded and welded at two ends, the fiber grating sensor is easy to assemble and disassemble, meanwhile, the measurement component is small, disturbance of the flow field of the measurement device 100 is reduced, the measurement component adopts a through pipe 11 structure or a framework 12 structure, the sensor installation structure is stable, and high-temperature steam scouring can be prevented. The invention adopts an integrated packaging technology, reduces installation interfaces, can realize the quick installation and disassembly of the measuring device 100, simplifies the system and reduces the difficulty of the system installation and test.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The distributed measurement system for the complex flow field in the steam pipeline based on optical fiber sensing comprises a measurement device (100), and is characterized in that the measurement device (100) comprises an embedded optical fiber sensing component and an optical fiber grating sensor carrier (20), wherein the optical fiber grating sensor carrier (20) is embedded in the embedded optical fiber sensing component, and the embedded optical fiber sensing component is fixedly arranged in a tested pipeline (200);
the fiber grating sensor carrier (20) is a high-temperature metal heat-shrinkable tube, a plurality of fiber grating sensor units (21) are axially arranged, each fiber grating sensor unit (21) comprises two sections of high-temperature curing agents (211), an elastic tube (212), a fiber grating sensor (213) and a high-temperature optical fiber (214), the interior of the high-temperature metal heat-shrinkable tube is sealed by two sections of high-temperature curing agents (211) at intervals to form a sealed space, the elastic tube (212) is installed in the sealed space, a sealed constant-pressure cavity is formed in the elastic tube (212), the fiber grating sensor (213) is axially arranged on the outer surface of the elastic tube (212) and is adhered to the surface of the elastic tube (212) by using the high-temperature curing agents for measuring parameters of a complex flow field in a measured pipeline (200), and the high-temperature heat-shrinkable tube is in contact with the outer surface of the fiber grating sensor (, to protect the high temperature optical fiber (214), the high temperature optical fiber (214) is protruded from the high temperature curing agent (211) to output a measurement signal.
2. The distributed measurement system for the complicated flow field in the steam pipeline based on the optical fiber sensing according to claim 1, wherein the embedded optical fiber sensing component adopts a through pipe (11) structure or a skeleton (12) structure, the through pipe (11) structure is suitable for a tested pipeline with a simple pipeline structure or a wall thickness of less than or equal to 3mm, and the skeleton (12) structure is suitable for a tested pipeline with a complicated pipeline structure and a wall thickness of more than or equal to 3 mm.
3. The distributed measurement system for the complicated flow field in the steam pipeline based on the optical fiber sensing is characterized in that the outer wall of the through pipe (11) is completely attached to the inside of the measured pipeline (200), and a plurality of optical fiber grating sensor carriers (20) are embedded in the inner side of the through pipe (11) along the circumferential direction.
4. The distributed measurement system for the complicated flow field in the steam pipeline based on the optical fiber sensing is characterized in that the framework (12) comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged circular rings (121) and connecting rods (122) for connecting the circular rings (121), the connecting rods (122) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the circular rings (121), a fiber grating sensor carrier (20) is embedded in each connecting rod (122), and the outer walls of the circular rings (121) and the connecting rods (122) are completely attached to the inside of the measured pipeline (200).
5. The distributed measurement system for the complex flow field in the steam pipeline based on the optical fiber sensing is characterized in that the through pipe (11) and the framework (12) are made of materials with the same expansion coefficient as that of the tested pipeline (200).
6. The distributed measurement system for the complicated flow field in the steam pipeline based on the optical fiber sensing is characterized in that the through pipe (11) and the framework (12) are fixed with the pipeline to be measured (200) in a mode that two ends are welded.
7. The distributed measurement system for the complicated flow field in the steam pipeline based on the optical fiber sensing is characterized in that the measurement system further comprises a data transmission system and a PC (personal computer) end, wherein the data transmission system collects data measured by each fiber grating sensor unit (21), summarizes the data measured by the measurement device (100), and transmits the data to the PC end of an upper computer through an optical fiber data transmission line (30).
8. The distributed measurement system for the complicated flow field in the steam pipeline based on the optical fiber sensing of claim 1, wherein the optical fiber grating sensor units (21) are uniformly distributed along the optical fiber grating sensor carrier (20), and the distribution number is increased at the important measurement positions to obtain the steam flow field parameters in a larger range.
9. The distributed measurement system for the complicated flow field inside the steam pipeline based on the optical fiber sensing of claim 1, wherein the optical fiber grating sensor (213) comprises an optical fiber temperature sensor and an optical fiber pressure sensor, which are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure steam inside the steam pipeline; the design temperature of the optical fiber temperature sensor is greater than the design temperature of the steam to be measured, and the bearable temperature range is-20-300 ℃; the design pressure of the optical fiber pressure sensor is greater than the design pressure of the steam to be measured, and the pressure range is 0-7 MPa.
10. The fiber-sensing-based distributed measurement system for the complex flow field in the steam pipeline is characterized in that the resolution of the fiber grating sensor (213) is 0.25kPa, and the demodulation frequency is 1 Hz-1 kHz.
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