CN112829567B - Control method for cooling system of electric automobile - Google Patents

Control method for cooling system of electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112829567B
CN112829567B CN201911166897.4A CN201911166897A CN112829567B CN 112829567 B CN112829567 B CN 112829567B CN 201911166897 A CN201911166897 A CN 201911166897A CN 112829567 B CN112829567 B CN 112829567B
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China
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speed
fan
water
water pump
vehicle
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CN112829567A (en
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魏广杰
李立闯
刘永
王欢
胡会永
游道亮
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Jiangling Motors Corp Ltd
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Jiangling Motors Corp Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0066Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by changing the speed, e.g. of the driving engine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/004Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method of an electric automobile cooling system, and belongs to the technical field of power transmission. The method comprises the following steps: the control of the water pump is based on the maximum water flow requirement and the minimum water flow requirement of the controller and the correction coefficient of the operation working condition related to the rotating speed and the current of the motor, the cooling flow requirement based on the working condition is calculated, then the cooling flow requirement based on the actual temperature control is calculated according to the actual temperature correction coefficient of each component body of the motor, the two cooling flow requirements are maximized to obtain the final cooling flow requirement, and different duty ratios of the electronic water pump are set based on different flow requirements at different water temperatures. The method of the invention is verified in the whole vehicle, and is obviously improved compared with the method in the prior art.

Description

Control method for cooling system of electric automobile
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a control method of an electric automobile cooling system, and belongs to the technical field of power transmission.
Background
The motor cooling loop of the pure electric vehicle generally comprises a motor, a motor controller MCU (motor Control unit), a DCDC (direct current controller), an OBC (on-board diagnostics), and other parts, a cooling system actuator comprises an electronic water pump, a cooling fan, and other parts, the rotation speed of the electronic water pump and the opening and closing of the high-speed and low-speed electronic fans are generally controlled by the actual temperature value of a motor body, the actual temperature value of the MCU, the actual temperature value of the DCDC, and the actual temperature value of the OBC in the conventional cooling system Control, a large water pump duty ratio and a large fan are started at a low temperature point by the actual temperature-based Control method, and the method is not an optimal Control method from the energy-saving perspective, the NVH perspective and the reliability perspective.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a control method of an electric automobile cooling system, which is optimized in order to reduce energy consumption, control temperature more accurately and control noise less, and the optimization strategy is changed into a water pump control to control based on the water flow demand of a controller.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a method of controlling an electric vehicle cooling system, the method comprising:
the control of the water pump is based on the maximum water flow requirement and the minimum water flow requirement of the controller and the correction coefficient of the operation working condition related to the rotating speed and the current of the motor, the cooling flow requirement based on the working condition is calculated, then the cooling flow requirement based on the actual temperature control is calculated according to the actual temperature correction coefficient of each component body of the motor, the two cooling flow requirements are maximized to obtain the final cooling flow requirement, and different duty ratios of the electronic water pump are set based on different flow requirements at different water temperatures.
Furthermore, the maximum water flow requirement in the method is the cooling water flow requirement of each component for ensuring normal work under extreme working conditions or operating environments, and the maximum water flow requirement is the final maximum water flow external characteristic curve after the maximum water flow requirements of the components such as the motor, the motor controller, the DCDC converter, the vehicle-mounted charger and the like are comprehensively considered.
Furthermore, the minimum water flow requirement in the method is a requirement of minimum required water flow in the cooling circuit, which is provided by each component to ensure the accuracy of self temperature acquisition or the normal realization of functions, and is a final minimum water flow external characteristic curve after the minimum water flow requirements of the components such as the motor, the motor controller, the DCDC converter, the vehicle-mounted charger and the like are comprehensively considered.
Further, in the method, the correction coefficient of the operating condition is based on the correction coefficients of different motor rotating speeds and output current conditions.
Furthermore, in the method, the duty ratio information of the water pump is obtained by looking up a table according to the calculated final target water flow and the water inlet temperature value correction coefficient.
Further, the method further comprises a control strategy of the fan, wherein the control strategy of the fan is to respectively start the low-speed fan and the high-speed fan according to the duty ratio of the water pump and the temperature of the water inlet when the vehicle speed is in a low-speed section, and respectively start the low-speed fan and the high-speed fan according to different duty ratios of the water pump and different temperatures of the water inlet when the vehicle speed is in a high-speed section.
Further, the control strategy of the fan specifically includes:
considering the influence requirements of NVH (noise, vibration and sound vibration roughness) of the whole vehicle and air flow rate, adding fan control into consideration of vehicle speed factors, dividing a vehicle speed section into a low speed section and a high speed section, starting the low speed fan at the low speed section when the water pump duty ratio is more than 60% and the water inlet temperature is more than 45 ℃, and starting the high speed fan at the water pump duty ratio of more than 90% and the water inlet temperature is more than 50 ℃; and the low-speed fan is started at the high-speed section when the duty ratio of the water pump is more than 60% and the temperature of the water inlet is more than 50 ℃, and the high-speed fan is started at the high-speed section when the duty ratio of the water pump is more than 90% and the temperature of the water inlet is more than 55 ℃.
Further, the method further comprises the operation control after the vehicle runs under high pressure, and the operation control after the vehicle runs under high pressure specifically comprises the following steps: when the vehicle is powered off and stops, the water pump and the fan operate after being processed, the high-speed fan and the low-speed fan can continue to operate for a period of time according to the actual temperature of the controller and the ambient temperature, and the water pump can also continue to maintain for a period of time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the control method of the cooling system of the electric automobile has the following advantages:
the water flow demand calculation comprises maximum water flow and minimum water flow requirements based on water inlet temperature, different coefficients are corrected according to different vehicle running conditions and actual temperature of a controller or a motor body, and actual water flow demands are obtained after correction. The correction method based on the working condition has the advantages that the water pump and the fan can be started in advance according to the real-time heat dissipation requirement, and the actual temperature of the motor or other controllers is prevented from rising. The control of the fan is based on the water pump duty ratio and the inlet water temperature under different vehicle speed conditions to control the low-speed fan and the high-speed fan. The optimized method is verified on the whole vehicle, and is obviously improved compared with the method in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a water pump control strategy;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a fan control strategy.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings:
a control method of a motor loop cooling system of an electric automobile is characterized in that a basic cooling Flow demand Flow _ Req1 is calculated according to a maximum Flow _ max and a minimum Flow _ min requirement of a controller and a correction coefficient f (i, rpm) of an operation condition related to the rotating speed and current of a motor in the control of a water pump, then the final cooling Flow demand Flow _ Req Final is obtained by taking the maximum value of two cooling Flow demands according to a cooling Flow demand Flow _ Req2 calculated according to an actual temperature correction coefficient f (temp) of each component body, and different duty ratios of an electronic water pump are set according to different Flow demands at different water temperatures. The fan is controlled to respectively start the low-speed fan and the high-speed fan according to the duty ratio of the water pump and the temperature of the water inlet when the vehicle speed is low, and respectively start the low-speed fan and the high-speed fan according to different duty ratios of the water pump and different temperatures of the water inlet when the vehicle speed is high. When the vehicle is shut down by power supply, the water pump and the fan can be operated after the operation is carried out, the high-speed fan and the low-speed fan can continue to operate for a period of time according to the actual temperature of the controller and the ambient temperature, the water pump can also continue to maintain for a period of time, when the temperature sensor breaks down, the water pump operates at a high speed by taking the whole vehicle part and the function as the principle, and the fan reasonably selects the low-speed fan or the high-speed fan to operate.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2;
maximum water flow requirement:
the maximum water Flow requirement is the requirement of cooling water Flow of each component for ensuring normal work under extreme working conditions or operating environments, and the maximum water Flow requirement Flow _ max is a final maximum water Flow external characteristic curve after the maximum water Flow requirements of the components such as the motor, the motor controller, the DCDC and the OBC are comprehensively considered.
Minimum water flow requirement:
the minimum water Flow requirement is the requirement of each component for ensuring the accuracy of self temperature acquisition or the normal realization of functions, and the Flow _ min is the final minimum water Flow external characteristic curve after the minimum water Flow requirements of the components such as the motor, the motor controller, the DCDC, the OBC and the like are comprehensively considered.
Operating condition correction factor:
the operation condition correction coefficient f (i, rpm) is based on the correction coefficients under different motor rotation speeds and output current conditions, the fluctuation frequency of the correction coefficient is prevented from needing to carry out filtering processing on the motor rotation speed and the current value, different heat dissipation amounts required due to different working efficiency are different in consideration of different actual output power under different motor rotation speeds and currents, and therefore different correction coefficients need to be output according to different working conditions.
And (3) water flow requirement based on the working condition correction coefficient:
the calculation method of the water Flow requirement Flow _ Req1 based on the working condition correction coefficient is as follows:
Flow_Req1=Flow_min+(Flow_max-Flow_min)×f (i,rpm)
actual temperature control based water flow requirements:
the calculation method of the water Flow requirement Flow _ Req2 based on the working condition correction coefficient is as follows:
Flow_Req2=Flow_min+(Flow_max-Flow_min)×f (temp)
the water flow requirements required for the final cooling circuit:
and finally, the larger water Flow requirement Flow _ ReqFinal in the water Flow requirement Flow _ Req1 based on the working condition correction coefficient and the water Flow requirement Flow _ Req2 based on the actual temperature control is taken as the final target water Flow.
Duty ratio control of the water pump:
and looking up a table according to the final target water Flow _ ReqFinal and the water inlet temperature value correction coefficient f (water _ temp) to obtain the water pump duty ratio information, wherein the table looking-up information needs to be calibrated and verified in real vehicles, and the duty ratio can be ensured to accurately output the value of the target water Flow at different temperatures.
Controlling the fan:
considering the influence requirements of NVH and air flow rate of the whole vehicle, adding fan control into consideration of vehicle speed factors, dividing a vehicle speed section into a low speed section and a high speed section, starting the low speed fan at the low speed section when the water pump duty ratio is more than 60% and the water inlet temperature is more than 45 ℃, and starting the high speed fan at the water pump duty ratio of more than 90% and the water inlet temperature of more than 50 ℃; and the low-speed fan is started at the high-speed section when the duty ratio of the water pump is more than 60% and the temperature of the water inlet is more than 50 ℃, and the high-speed fan is started at the high-speed section when the duty ratio of the water pump is more than 90% and the temperature of the water inlet is more than 55 ℃.
Controlling the vehicle to run after high pressure is applied:
if the water pump or the fan is in a running state before the high-pressure state is disconnected, after the vehicle is disconnected from the high-pressure state of the whole vehicle and enters a low-pressure mode, whether the water pump and the fan need to run continuously or not is judged according to the actual temperature of the motor or each controller and the environmental temperature value, if the actual temperature of the water pump and the fan is higher, the water pump and the fan can run continuously for a period of time, the working condition is called as a post-running working condition, the running time is different after the post-running working condition is entered according to different water pump duty ratios, and the running time of the high-speed fan and the low-speed fan is also different.
And (3) fault mode control:
when the temperature sensor breaks down, the water pump runs at a high speed on the principle of protecting the components and functions of the whole vehicle, and the fan reasonably selects the low-speed fan or the high-speed fan to run.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A method for controlling a cooling system of an electric vehicle, the method comprising: the control of the water pump is based on the maximum water flow requirement and the minimum water flow requirement of the controller and the correction coefficient of the operation working condition related to the rotating speed and the current of the motor, the cooling flow requirement based on the working condition is calculated, then the cooling flow requirement based on the actual temperature control is calculated according to the actual temperature correction coefficient of each component body of the motor, the maximum value is obtained from the two cooling flow requirements to obtain the final cooling flow requirement, and different duty ratios of the electronic water pump are set based on different flow requirements under different water temperatures;
the method also comprises a control strategy of the fan, wherein the control strategy of the fan is that the low-speed fan and the high-speed fan are respectively started according to the duty ratio of the water pump and the temperature of the water inlet when the vehicle speed is in a low-speed section, and the low-speed fan and the high-speed fan are respectively started according to different duty ratios of the water pump and different temperatures of the water inlet when the vehicle speed is in a high-speed section; the control strategy of the fan specifically comprises:
considering the influence requirements of NVH and air flow rate of the whole vehicle and the consideration of vehicle speed factors, the control of the fan is added, the vehicle speed section is divided into a low-speed section and a high-speed section, the low-speed fan is started at the low-speed section when the water pump duty ratio is more than 60% and the water inlet temperature is more than 45 ℃, the high-speed fan is started at the water pump duty ratio which is more than 90% and the water inlet temperature is more than 50 ℃; and the low-speed fan is started at the high-speed section when the duty ratio of the water pump is more than 60% and the temperature of the water inlet is more than 50 ℃, and the high-speed fan is started at the high-speed section when the duty ratio of the water pump is more than 90% and the temperature of the water inlet is more than 55 ℃.
2. The method for controlling the cooling system of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the maximum water flow requirement in the method is a cooling water flow requirement that each component can normally work under extreme conditions or operating environments, and the maximum water flow requirement is a final maximum water flow external characteristic curve after comprehensive consideration of the maximum water flow requirements of the components such as the motor, the motor controller, the DCDC converter, the vehicle-mounted charger and the like.
3. The method for controlling the cooling system of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the minimum water flow requirement in the method is a requirement of minimum required water flow in the cooling circuit for each component to ensure accuracy of self temperature collection or normal realization of functions, and the requirement is a final minimum water flow external characteristic curve after comprehensive consideration of the minimum water flow requirements of the components such as the motor, the motor controller, the DCDC converter, the vehicle-mounted charger and the like.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the operating condition correction factor is based on different motor speeds and output currents.
5. The method for controlling the cooling system of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the duty ratio information of the water pump is obtained by looking up a table according to the calculated final target water flow and the correction coefficient of the water inlet temperature value.
6. The method for controlling the cooling system of the electric automobile according to claim 1, further comprising a vehicle high voltage after-run control, wherein the vehicle high voltage after-run control is specifically as follows: when the vehicle is powered off and stops, the water pump and the fan operate after treatment, and the high-speed fan and the low-speed fan continue to operate for a period of time and the water pump also continues to maintain for a period of time according to the actual temperature of the controller and the ambient temperature.
CN201911166897.4A 2019-11-25 2019-11-25 Control method for cooling system of electric automobile Active CN112829567B (en)

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