CN112829407B - Flame-retardant composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Flame-retardant composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112829407B
CN112829407B CN202011639050.6A CN202011639050A CN112829407B CN 112829407 B CN112829407 B CN 112829407B CN 202011639050 A CN202011639050 A CN 202011639050A CN 112829407 B CN112829407 B CN 112829407B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
flame
retardant
polyester staple
layer
fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202011639050.6A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN112829407A (en
Inventor
陈志伟
金震宇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Suzhou Aimei Fibre Technology Co ltd
Original Assignee
Suzhou Aimei Fibre Technology Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Suzhou Aimei Fibre Technology Co ltd filed Critical Suzhou Aimei Fibre Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN202011639050.6A priority Critical patent/CN112829407B/en
Publication of CN112829407A publication Critical patent/CN112829407A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN112829407B publication Critical patent/CN112829407B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a flame-retardant composite material which sequentially comprises an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer is made of leather or fabric, the intermediate layer is made of a flame-retardant non-woven material, and the inner layer is made of a material containing low-melting-point polyester fibers; the outer layer and the middle layer are bonded by flame-retardant glue, and the middle layer and the inner layer are bonded by hot pressing. According to the flame-retardant composite material, the low-melting-point polyester fibers with a certain proportion are added into the inner layer, so that the inner layer and the middle layer are bonded in a hydraulic mode, the use of glue is avoided, the flame-retardant effect is further improved, the cost is reduced, and the limiting oxygen index of the prepared flame-retardant composite material meets the flame-retardant requirement of operating buses on textile materials.

Description

Flame-retardant composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flame-retardant materials, in particular to a flame-retardant composite material suitable for automotive interiors and a preparation method of the flame-retardant composite material.
Background
In recent years, combustion accidents of vehicle interiors, particularly composites with soft padding, have frequently occurred, and the cases of personal death and injury caused by fire are frequent. In the application fields of high-speed rail, motor cars, urban rail, passenger cars and cars, such as seats, ceilings, door plates, safety seats, sofas, soft chairs, reclining chairs and the like, the improvement of the flame retardant property of leather and textile composite materials is urgent. In this regard, china also has come out a plurality of mandatory national standards and industry standards, such as GB8410-2006, GB38262-2019, JT/T1095-2016, TB/T3237-2010 and the like, and the requirements of industry and products are enhanced to reduce the problem expansion caused by material problems.
In the application process of the PU sponge in a vehicle, the PU sponge has the advantages of softness, good rebound resilience, low price and the like, but has a plurality of disadvantages: large peculiar smell, difficult flame retardance reaching the standard, easy aging and the like. Therefore, the problem of difficult flame retardance is solved on the premise of ensuring that the material has the advantages of PU sponge, and the polyurethane foam is a research hot spot in the current industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an improved flame retardant composite material, which can meet the flame retardant requirement of the automotive interior.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the flame-retardant composite material sequentially comprises an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer is leather or fabric, the intermediate layer is a flame-retardant non-woven material, and the inner layer is a material containing low-melting-point polyester fibers; the outer layer and the middle layer are bonded by flame-retardant glue, and the middle layer and the inner layer are bonded by hot pressing.
By adding the low-melting-point polyester fiber with a certain proportion into the inner layer, the inner layer and the middle layer are bonded in a hydraulic mode, so that the process is simplified, the use of glue is avoided, the flame-retardant effect is further improved, and the cost is reduced. When the adhesive is prepared, the middle layer and the inner layer are firstly subjected to hot-stamping bonding, so that the adhesive has certain strength in the longitudinal direction, and then the other side of the middle layer is bonded with the outer layer. Through the arrangement of the materials and the structure, the limiting oxygen index of the prepared flame-retardant composite material is between 28 and 39 percent, and meets the flame-retardant requirement of JT/T1095-2016 on textile materials for operating buses.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the flame retardant nonwoven material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of high-temperature low-melting-point polyester staple fibers, 10-20 parts of three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers, 20-40 parts of three-dimensional hollow fibers with contractility and 20-40 parts of three-dimensional curled hollow polyester staple fibers; the melting point of the high-temperature low-melting point polyester staple fiber is more than or equal to 160 ℃; the shrinkage rate of the three-dimensional hollow fiber with shrinkage in the oven at 180 ℃ for 15min is 5-10%. According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the high temperature low melting point polyester staple fiber has a melting point greater than or equal to 180 ℃.
After the high-temperature low-melting-point short fibers are adopted to prepare the product, the product has better flame retardant and TVOC effects after the product is compounded and synergistic with other types of short fibers. The three-dimensional hollow polyester fiber with larger contractility is added, so that the prepared product is tighter and has better flame-retardant effect.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the flame retardant nonwoven material comprises fibers with a coarseness of less than 5D in the raw material of the flame retardant nonwoven material in a mass ratio of greater than or equal to 80%. That is, the mass ratio of the staple fibers of 2 to 4D to the nonwoven material is 80% or more, and the mass ratio of the fibers of 5D and above to the nonwoven material is 20% or less. By controlling the duty ratio of the coarse fibers, the gap rate of the product is reduced, and the flame retardant effect of the product is improved. If the ratio of the excessively coarse fibers is large, the higher the clearance rate of the product is, more air can be contained, the combustion speed is high, and the flame retardant effect is poor.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the high-temperature low-melting-point polyester staple fiber, the three-dimensional hollow fiber with contractility and the three-dimensional curled hollow polyester staple fiber is 2-4D, and the length is 51-88 mm; the thickness of the three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fiber is larger than or equal to 5D. In some embodiments of the invention, it is preferred that the three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fiber has a coarseness of 7D or greater. The use of coarse fibers is to give the product a certain stiffness.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the high temperature low melting point polyester staple fiber has a coarseness of 2D; the thickness of the three-dimensional hollow fiber with contractility and the three-dimensional curled hollow polyester staple fiber is 3D.
According to some preferred implementation aspects of the invention, the raw materials adopted in the flame-retardant nonwoven material are three-dimensional fibers and have no two-dimensional fibers, so that the manufactured product has high structural compactness and high breaking strength, on one hand, the flame-retardant effect is enhanced, and on the other hand, the cut cotton surface has better flatness and smoothness, and the surface flatness and smoothness are high after the cotton is compounded with relatively light and thin fabric glue.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the high temperature low melting point polyester staple fiber has a thickness and length of 2d x 51mm; the thickness and the length of the three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fiber are 7D, 51-88 mm; the thickness and length of the three-dimensional hollow fiber with contractility are 3D 51-88 mm, and the thickness and length of the three-dimensional curled hollow polyester staple fiber are 3D 51-88 mm.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the density of the flame retardant nonwoven material is between 10 and 45g/m per millimeter 2 The limiting oxygen index of the nonwoven material is greater than or equal to 30%.
The preparation method has the advantages that through the cooperation among four short fibers (high-temperature low-melting-point polyester short fibers, three-dimensional hollow fibers with contractility and three-dimensional curled hollow polyester short fibers), and the selection of the melting point temperature of the high-temperature low-melting-point polyester short fibers, the proportion among the fiber thicknesses and the fiber with contractility, the prepared product has good flame retardant property on the premise of not having flame retardant property fiber, and the elasticity, softness and other relevant physical properties of the product are kept close to those of PU sponge.
A method of making a flame retardant nonwoven material comprising the steps of: and sequentially carrying out opening, mixing, carding, lapping, vertical forming, hot air shaping, cutting, rolling, cutting and rolling on various fiber raw materials of the non-woven material to obtain the non-woven material. Wherein, the vertical forming is that the cotton net is folded into a folding fan page similar to the folded cotton net through a cotton net folding mechanism.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the inner layer is a mesh liner, hydroentangled cloth or needled cloth containing low melting point polyester staple fibers; the density of the net lining is 10-30 g/m per millimeter 2 。
According to some preferred implementation aspects of the invention, the net liner is a terylene spunbonded liner or a terylene hot air cotton liner, and the raw materials of the net liner comprise 2-4d51mm low-melting-point terylene short fibers with the mass ratio of 15-100% and the rest of 0.8-3d38-88 mm other common terylene fibers.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials of the spunlaced fabric or the needled fabric comprise 10-30% of 2-4 d 51mm low-melting polyester staple fibers by mass, and the balance of 0.8-3 d 38-88 mm other common polyester fibers.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the low-melting-point staple fibers have a melting point of 110 to 120 ℃.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the flame-retardant composite material, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Preparing a flame retardant nonwoven material: sequentially opening, mixing, carding, lapping, vertical forming, hot air shaping, cutting, rolling, cutting and rolling a plurality of fiber raw materials of the flame-retardant non-woven material to obtain the non-woven material;
2) Bonding the flame-retardant nonwoven material of the middle layer and the inner layer in a hot-pressing mode; and then bonding the other side of the middle layer with the outer layer by adopting flame-retardant glue to obtain the flame-retardant composite material. The temperature of the hot pressing roller is 170-190 ℃ and the rotating speed of the hot pressing roller is 5-15 m/min during hot pressing.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: according to the flame-retardant composite material, the low-melting-point polyester fibers with a certain proportion are added into the inner layer, so that the inner layer and the middle layer are bonded in a hot-pressing mode, the use of glue is avoided, the flame-retardant effect is further improved, the cost is reduced, and the limiting oxygen index of the prepared flame-retardant composite material meets the flame-retardant requirement of operating buses on textile materials.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following description will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1 flame retardant nonwoven Material
The flame-retardant nonwoven material of this embodiment comprises, by mass, 40% of non-flame-retardant high-temperature low-melting-point (melting point 180 ℃) polyester staple fibers 2d by 51mm, 10% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers 7d by 51mm, 30% of three-dimensional hollow fibers 3d by 51mm with contractility, and 20% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional crimped three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers 3d by 51mm.
The cotton sample with the thickness of 5mm is prepared, and the density is 20g/m 2 The limiting oxygen index was 31%.
The cotton sample with the thickness of 8mm is prepared, and the density is 25g/m 2 The limiting oxygen index was 34%.
Example 2 flame retardant nonwoven Material
The flame-retardant nonwoven material of this example comprises, by mass, 30% of non-flame-retardant high-temperature low-melting-point (melting point 180 ℃) polyester staple fibers 2d x 51mm, 10% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers 7d x 88mm, 40% of three-dimensional hollow fibers 3d x 51mm having contractility, and 20% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional crimped three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers 3d x 64mm.
The cotton sample with the thickness of 5mm is prepared, and the density is 20g/m 2 The limiting oxygen index was 33%.
The cotton sample with the thickness of 8mm is prepared, and the density is 25g/m 2 The limiting oxygen index was 36%.
Example 3 flame retardant nonwoven Material
The flame-retardant nonwoven material of this example comprises, by mass, 30% of non-flame-retardant high-temperature low-melting-point (melting point 180 ℃) polyester staple fibers 2d x 51mm, 10% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers 7d x 51mm, 20% of three-dimensional hollow fibers 3d x 51mm having contractility, and 40% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional crimped three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers 3d x 88mm.
The cotton sample with the thickness of 5mm is prepared, and the density is 20g/m 2 The limiting oxygen index was 30%.
The cotton sample with the thickness of 8mm is prepared, and the density is 25g/m 2 The limiting oxygen index was 33%.
The flame-retardant nonwoven materials of examples 1-3 achieve a composite synergistic effect by matching four kinds of short fibers (high-temperature low-melting-point polyester short fibers, three-dimensional hollow fibers with contractility, three-dimensional curled hollow polyester short fibers), and achieve a flame-retardant effect of a final product by adopting non-flame-retardant raw materials, and ensure good cutting effect and breaking strength while maintaining the flame-retardant effect by the proportion of the four kinds of short fibers, and are low in cost.
Example 4 flame retardant composite
The flame retardant composite in this embodiment includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner layer. Wherein,,
the outer layer is common PU leather for vehicles. The middle layer used a 5mm thick flame retardant nonwoven material of example 1. The inner layer is a net lining of a terylene hot air cotton lining, and the raw materials comprise 15% of 2D 51mm low-melting-point terylene short fibers (melting point 120 ℃) and 85% of 3D 88mm other common terylene fibers by mass ratio.
During preparation, one side of the flame-retardant non-woven material of the middle layer and the net lining of the inner layer are hot-pressed at 170 ℃ at the rotating speed of a hot-pressing roller of 10m/min. And then bonding the other side of the flame-retardant non-woven material with leather by adopting flame-retardant glue to obtain the flame-retardant composite material suitable for automobile interior decoration.
Example 5 flame retardant composite
The flame retardant composite in this embodiment includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner layer. Wherein,,
the outer layer was 300g/m 2 Raised flame retardant fabric. The middle layer used a 5mm thick flame retardant nonwoven material of example 2. The inner layer is spun-laced cloth, and the raw materials comprise 5% of low-melting-point polyester staple fibers with the mass ratio of 2D to 51mm and 95% of other common polyester fibers with the mass ratio of 1.2D to 51mm.
When in preparation, one side of the flame-retardant non-woven material of the middle layer and the net lining of the inner layer are hot-pressed at 185 ℃ at the rotating speed of a hot-pressing roller of 5m/min. And then bonding the other side of the flame-retardant non-woven material with leather by adopting flame-retardant glue to obtain the flame-retardant composite material suitable for automobile interior decoration.
Example 6 flame retardant composite
The flame retardant composite in this embodiment includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner layer. Wherein,,
the outer layer is common PU leather for vehicles. The middle layer used a 5mm thick flame retardant nonwoven material of example 3. The inner layer is spun-laced cloth, and the raw materials comprise 30% of low-melting-point polyester staple fibers (melting point 120 ℃) with the mass ratio of 2D being 51mm and 70% of other common polyester fibers with the mass ratio of 3D being 88mm.
During preparation, one side of the flame-retardant non-woven material of the middle layer and the net lining of the inner layer are hot-pressed at 170 ℃ at the rotating speed of a hot-pressing roller of 10m/min. And then bonding the other side of the flame-retardant non-woven material with leather by adopting flame-retardant glue to obtain the flame-retardant composite material suitable for automobile interior decoration.
Comparative example 1
The composition ratio of the nonwoven material in this comparative example was substantially the same as in example 1, except that the thickness of the non-flame-retardant three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fiber in this comparative example was 5d x 64mm.
Comparative example 2
The composition ratio of the nonwoven material in this comparative example was substantially the same as in example 1, except that the three-dimensional hollow fiber having contractility was not present in this comparative example, and the non-flame-retardant three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fiber was used instead of the ratio thereof. The non-woven material of the comparative example comprises 40% of non-flame-retardant high-temperature low-melting-point (melting point 180 ℃) polyester staple fibers 2D by 51mm, 10% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers 7D by 51mm and 50% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fibers 3D by 51mm according to the mass ratio.
Comparative example 3
The composition ratio of the nonwoven material in this comparative example was substantially the same as in example 1, except that the melting point temperature of the non-flame retardant low melting point polyester staple fiber in this comparative example was 120 ℃.
Comparative example 4
The material of this comparative example was substantially the same as the material composition and proportions in example 5, except that the composite material of this comparative example was free of the hydroentangled cloth of the inner layer.
Testing and analysis
1. The nonwoven materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 and the conventional PU sponge materials were sequentially tested for density, surface hardness, ball rebound, off-flavor, and limiting oxygen index, and the test results are shown in the following table:
table 1 nonwoven test results
Sequence number Density of Surface hardness Rebound rate of falling ball Peculiar smell Limiting oxygen index LOI
Example 1 20D 60 45％ ≥3.0 ≥31％
Example 2 20D 65 42％ ≥3.0 ≥33％
Example 3 20D 55 48％ ≥3.0 ≥30％
Ordinary PU sponge 28D 70 43％ ≥3.5 ＜27％
Comparative example 1 25D 62 42％ ≥3.0 ≥35％
Comparative example 2 20D 53 44％ ≥3.0 ≥28％
Comparative example 3 25D 62 42％ ≥3.0 ≥26％
Table 1 shows that the nonwoven materials prepared in examples 1-3 have good flame retardant effect, and the flame retardant value meets the flame retardant requirement of JT/T1095-2016 on the automotive textile materials; the hand feeling is soft and elastic, and the vertical elasticity (ball falling rebound rate) is close to that of a sponge material and is superior to that of other non-woven materials; the weight of the foam is light, the VOC is low, the peculiar smell grade is 3.0, which is far higher than other chemical foaming materials such as sponge and the like, and is obviously superior to other materials; is not easy to age and has low cost.
2. The flame retardant effect was tested for examples 4-6 and comparative example 4, and the test results are shown in Table 2:
table 2 test results
Project Effect of sewing procedure Limiting oxygen index LOI
Example 4 Easy to machine seam 31％
Example 5 Easy to machine seam 30％
Example 6 Easy to machine seam 32％
Comparative example 4 High friction force and difficult sewing 26％
From the above examples and comparative examples, it can be seen that the application of the inner layer liners of examples 4 to 6 has a good effect, on the one hand, of enhancing the overall flame retardant effect and, on the other hand, of having a certain influence on the subsequent sewing effect.
The above embodiments are provided to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be construed to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The flame-retardant composite material is characterized by sequentially comprising an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer is made of leather or fabric, the intermediate layer is made of a flame-retardant non-woven material, and the inner layer is made of a material containing low-melting-point polyester fibers; the melting point of the low-melting-point polyester fiber is 110-120 ℃; the outer layer and the middle layer are bonded by flame-retardant glue, and the middle layer and the inner layer are bonded by hot pressing;
the flame-retardant nonwoven material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of high-temperature low-melting-point polyester staple fibers, 10-20 parts of three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers, 20-40 parts of three-dimensional hollow fibers with contractility and 20-40 parts of three-dimensional curled hollow polyester staple fibers; the shrinkage rate of the three-dimensional hollow fiber with shrinkage is 5-10% at 180 ℃ for 15 min;
the fiber with the coarseness of less than 5D in the raw materials of the flame-retardant non-woven material accounts for more than or equal to 80% of the mass of the flame-retardant non-woven material;
the thickness of the high-temperature low-melting-point polyester staple fiber, the three-dimensional hollow fiber with contractility and the three-dimensional curled hollow polyester staple fiber is 2-4D; the thickness of the three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fiber is larger than or equal to 5D;
the melting point of the high-temperature low-melting point polyester staple fiber is more than or equal to 180 ℃.
2. The flame retardant composite of claim 1, wherein the raw materials employed in the flame retardant nonwoven material are all three-dimensional fibers.
3. The flame retardant composite of claim 1, wherein the high temperature low melting point polyester staple fiber has a thickness and length of 2d x 51mm; the thickness and the length of the three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fiber are 7D, 51-88 mm; the thickness and the length of the three-dimensional hollow fiber with contractility are 3D 51-88 mm, and the thickness and the length of the three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fiber are 3D 51-88 mm.
4. The flame retardant composite of claim 1, wherein the inner layer is a mesh liner, hydroentangled or needled fabric comprising low melting point polyester staple fibers; the density of the net lining is 10-30 g/m 2 。
5. The flame retardant composite of claim 4, wherein the hydroentangled or needled fabric comprises 5 to 30% by mass of 2 to 4d 51mm low melting point polyester staple fibers.
6. A method of preparing a flame retardant composite according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
1) Preparing a flame retardant nonwoven material: sequentially opening, mixing, carding, lapping, vertical forming, hot air shaping, cutting, rolling, cutting and rolling a plurality of fiber raw materials of the flame-retardant non-woven material to obtain the non-woven material;
2) Bonding the flame-retardant nonwoven material of the middle layer and the inner layer in a hot-pressing mode; and then bonding the other side of the middle layer with the outer layer by adopting flame-retardant glue to obtain the flame-retardant composite material.
CN202011639050.6A 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Flame-retardant composite material and preparation method thereof Active CN112829407B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011639050.6A CN112829407B (en) 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Flame-retardant composite material and preparation method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011639050.6A CN112829407B (en) 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Flame-retardant composite material and preparation method thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112829407A CN112829407A (en) 2021-05-25
CN112829407B true CN112829407B (en) 2023-05-12

Family

ID=75927046

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202011639050.6A Active CN112829407B (en) 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Flame-retardant composite material and preparation method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112829407B (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103526454A (en) * 2013-09-26 2014-01-22 山东俊富无纺布有限公司 Industrial protection non-woven material and manufacturing method thereof
CN104911812A (en) * 2015-04-13 2015-09-16 武汉纺织大学 High-elastic flame-retardant non-woven cloth of honeycomb structure and preparation method thereof
CN105105380A (en) * 2015-09-07 2015-12-02 杭州奥坦斯布艺有限公司 Elastic inflaming-retarding composite fabric and preparation method and application of same
CN108656693A (en) * 2018-03-22 2018-10-16 绍兴三立达纺织阻燃新材料有限公司 A kind of fire-retardant composite material of environment-friendly type height rebound

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103526454A (en) * 2013-09-26 2014-01-22 山东俊富无纺布有限公司 Industrial protection non-woven material and manufacturing method thereof
CN104911812A (en) * 2015-04-13 2015-09-16 武汉纺织大学 High-elastic flame-retardant non-woven cloth of honeycomb structure and preparation method thereof
CN105105380A (en) * 2015-09-07 2015-12-02 杭州奥坦斯布艺有限公司 Elastic inflaming-retarding composite fabric and preparation method and application of same
CN108656693A (en) * 2018-03-22 2018-10-16 绍兴三立达纺织阻燃新材料有限公司 A kind of fire-retardant composite material of environment-friendly type height rebound

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN112829407A (en) 2021-05-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9005498B2 (en) Method for manufacturing soundproofing material using polyurethane foam from car seat foam and composition thereof prepared thereby
EP1851092B1 (en) The member for headliner on motor vehicles of multilayer structure
JP4685113B2 (en) Automotive ceiling materials
CN102173141A (en) Nonwoven composite material for automobile interior trim and preparation method thereof
CN112829407B (en) Flame-retardant composite material and preparation method thereof
CN114592280B (en) Nonwoven material and application thereof
KR101251291B1 (en) Felt material with recycled fiber for the vehicle interiors and method of the same
US20220098770A1 (en) Cushion or pad device formed from vertically lapped nonwoven
CN108914590A (en) A kind of preparation method of automobile-used slim fire retardant nonwoven fabric
CN208247663U (en) A kind of automobile interior flame-retardant leather composite material
KR20050118571A (en) Thermoplastic felt laminate for interior base of automobile
US20210198822A1 (en) Sound absorption and insulation pad for vehicle and manufacturing method thereof
TWI773835B (en) Chopped fibers for compression moldings, compression moldings using the same, and methods for producing the same
JP6302057B2 (en) Cushion material for automobile interior
EP2051849B1 (en) Cushion with increased fire savety for seats in the transport- and furniture industry
CN210652213U (en) Needle-punched non-woven fabric composite board for aircraft interior trim panel
JP4184754B2 (en) Automotive interior ceiling material for molding
CN215551528U (en) Automobile interior composite board
JPH0970909A (en) Car upholstery
CN113103711B (en) Automobile roof and preparation method and application thereof
JPH0655678A (en) Molded soundproofing material for automobile
KR101062679B1 (en) Artificial leather and its manufacturing method
CN117779357A (en) Formed non-woven fabric for automobile seat foam and preparation method thereof
Ki-Young et al. Preparation of Textile Nonwoven Foams Using Elastomeric Binder Fibers for Automotive Cushioning Materials
CN118061622A (en) Automobile roof composite cloth and preparation process thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant