CN112828652B - High-speed stable transmission device for gantry machining center - Google Patents
High-speed stable transmission device for gantry machining center Download PDFInfo
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- CN112828652B CN112828652B CN202110265190.XA CN202110265190A CN112828652B CN 112828652 B CN112828652 B CN 112828652B CN 202110265190 A CN202110265190 A CN 202110265190A CN 112828652 B CN112828652 B CN 112828652B
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- carbon fiber
- shaft
- fiber transmission
- locking
- main shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
- B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
- B23Q5/36—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission in which a servomotor forms an essential element
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-speed stable transmission device for a gantry machining center, which comprises a ram, a main motor, a gearbox, a first locking mechanism, a second locking mechanism, a carbon fiber transmission shaft and a mechanical main shaft, wherein the carbon fiber transmission shaft and the mechanical main shaft are fixedly arranged in the ram, and one end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with the end part of the mechanical main shaft through the second locking mechanism; the other end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output end of the gearbox through a first locking mechanism, and the main motor is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the gearbox. According to the invention, the main motor is connected with the high-speed reducer, the mechanical main shaft is driven to rotate through the carbon fiber transmission shaft, the whole system performs dynamic balance check, and vibration caused by a coupler or other unbalance is reduced; the high-speed reducer is connected with the mechanical main shaft, so that high torque of the main shaft can be realized, and the cutting performance of the main shaft is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transmission devices, in particular to a high-speed stable transmission device for a gantry machining center.
Background
The rotation speed of the direct-connected machine main shaft of the gantry machining center in the current market is not high, and is generally 4500rpm to 6000rpm. In actual production, high-speed high-precision machining cannot be met for a large aluminum alloy part, and only an electric spindle can be selected when high speed is needed. Compared with a direct-connection linear main shaft, the electric main shaft has higher cost and relatively lower torque; the structure is of a belt type, so that the size of the front end of the ram is large, and the machining of a deep cavity is interfered. During processing at high rotation speed, vibration of the main shaft and the ram is aggravated, and the processing effect is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-speed stable transmission device for a gantry machining center, which has a good manufacturability and can realize high rotating speed of a main shaft.
The invention aims to achieve the aim, and is specifically realized by the following technical scheme:
the high-speed stable transmission device for the gantry machining center comprises a ram, a main motor, a gearbox, a first locking mechanism, a second locking mechanism, a carbon fiber transmission shaft and a mechanical main shaft, wherein the carbon fiber transmission shaft and the mechanical main shaft are fixedly arranged in the ram, and one end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with the end part of the mechanical main shaft through the second locking mechanism; the other end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output end of the gearbox through a first locking mechanism, and the main motor is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the gearbox. The main motor is connected with the gearbox, and the mechanical main shaft is driven to rotate through the carbon fiber transmission shaft, so that the integral dynamic balance check of the transmission device can be realized, and the vibration caused by a coupler or other unbalance is reduced; the gearbox is connected with the mechanical main shaft, so that high torque transmission of the mechanical main shaft can be realized, and the cutting performance of the mechanical main shaft is improved.
Further, the carbon fiber transmission shaft is of a hollow annular column structure.
Further, the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism are both locking sleeve structures and comprise a beam half-ring body coaxially installed with the carbon fiber transmission shaft and a locking expansion sleeve coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the Liang Banhuan body, and the half-ring body and the locking expansion sleeve are tightly connected through locking bolts. The conical locking expansion sleeve is arranged on the carbon fiber transmission shaft, so that the stability of 8000rpm transmission with the mechanical main shaft is realized.
Compared with a common transmission shaft, the carbon fiber transmission shaft has the characteristics of small centrifugal force, high material strength and smaller deformation when rotating at high speed. Therefore, the dynamic balance of the whole transmission mechanism can not be destroyed during high-speed rotation, and the stability of 8000rpm rotation speed transmission is ensured. At present, the direct-connection main shaft cannot reach high speed, but with the structure, the traditional material is easy to deform the coupler under the action of centrifugal force, so that dynamic balance is damaged, and vibration is caused; meanwhile, the carbon fiber transmission shaft has a correction angle deviation range, and the rotation center can be automatically aligned.
Further, the top end of the semi-ring body is provided with a connecting part, the locking bolt is arranged on the connecting ring, the outer side surface of the semi-ring body is provided with a first conical inclined surface inclined inwards, the top of the locking expansion sleeve is provided with a connecting ring, the connecting ring is provided with a screw hole matched with the locking bolt, and the inner side wall of the locking expansion sleeve is provided with a second conical inclined surface with the same inclination angle as the first conical inclined surface.
Further, the inclination angle of the first cone inclined plane and the second cone inclined plane is 3 degrees to 10 degrees.
Further, the outer wall of the semi-ring body is provided with a positioning groove which is axially arranged, and the outer wall of the locking expansion sleeve is provided with a positioning protrusion which axially corresponds to the positioning groove.
Further, the carbon fiber transmission shaft is made of a carbon fiber composite material.
Further, the shape of the ram is square, two ends of the ram are respectively and movably connected with the carbon fiber transmission shaft and the mechanical main shaft through bearings, and a plurality of reinforcing rings are radially arranged in the ram. Through optimizing ram overall structure, guarantee to guarantee when realizing high rotational speed high torque operation, guarantee whole mechanical strength.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: (1) The whole structure has better manufacturability, and the high rotating speed of the main shaft can be completely achieved only by ensuring the dynamic balance of the whole system; (2) The high speed of aluminum alloy processing is completely met, the processing of steel material parts can be considered, the requirements of rail traffic and aerospace plane processing are met, and the aluminum alloy processing method is widely applied to the aluminum alloy processing of aerospace military industry; (3) In the conical locking device of the transmission device, as the expansion sleeve bolt is screwed downwards, the second conical inclined surface of the locking expansion sleeve is driven to inwards drive the inclined surface of the second conical inclined surface to be mutually attached and matched with the first conical inclined surface to inwards drive the two inner semi-ring bodies to be fastened and connected, so that the semi-ring bodies can be more stably fixed in the conical locking device, the overall stability and the high speed of the high-speed main shaft and the high torque characteristic of the low-speed main shaft are improved, and the gap that the large gantry cannot have at high rotating speed and high torque is filled; (4) The gearbox is connected with the main shaft through the high-performance carbon fiber transmission shaft, the carbon fiber composite material transmission shaft has the advantages of being excellent in performance, light in weight, high in strength and the like, excellent in weather resistance and ageing resistance, the service life is 2-3 times that of steel, and the fatigue strength is far higher than that of the steel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first locking mechanism in the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a ram; 11. a reinforcing ring; 2. a main motor; 3. a gearbox; 4. a first locking mechanism; 5. a second locking mechanism; 6. a carbon fiber drive shaft; 7. a mechanical spindle; 8. a half-ring body; 81. a connection part; 82. a first taper slope; 83. a positioning groove; 9. locking the expansion sleeve; 91. a screw hole; 92. a second taper slope; 10. a locking bolt.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the high-speed stable transmission device for the gantry machining center comprises a ram 1, a main motor 2, a gearbox 3, a first locking mechanism 4, a second locking mechanism 5, a carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 and a mechanical main shaft 7, wherein the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 and the mechanical main shaft 7 are fixedly arranged in the ram 1, the ram 1 is square in shape, two ends of the ram are respectively and movably connected with the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 and the mechanical main shaft 7 through bearings, a plurality of reinforcing rings 11 are radially arranged in the ram, and the reinforcing rings 11 can strengthen the transmission strength and stability of the ram 1. One end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the end part of the mechanical main shaft 7 through the second locking mechanism 5. The other end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output end of the gearbox 3 through the first locking mechanism 4, and the main motor 2 is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the gearbox 3. The invention adopts the main motor 2 to be connected with the high-speed reducer, namely the gearbox 3, and drives the mechanical main shaft 7 to rotate through the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6, so that the whole system performs dynamic balance check, and the vibration caused by a coupler or other unbalance is reduced; by connecting the gearbox 3 with the mechanical main shaft 7, high torque of the main shaft can be realized, and the cutting performance of the main shaft can be improved.
In one embodiment, the carbon fiber drive shaft 6 is preferably a hollow annular cylindrical structure. The carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 is made of carbon fiber composite materials, has the advantages of light weight, high strength, aging resistance and the like, and has good stability at high rotating speed. In one embodiment, to meet the rotational speed requirement, the carbon fiber drive shaft 6 has an outer diameter of 140mm, an inner diameter of 130mm, and a shaft length of 1290mm.
As shown in fig. 3, preferably, the first locking mechanism 4 and the second locking mechanism 5 are both in a locking sleeve structure, and comprise two half ring bodies 8 which are coaxially installed and buckled with the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6, and a locking expansion sleeve 9 coaxially sleeved on the outer sides of the two half ring bodies 8, wherein the half ring bodies 8 and the locking expansion sleeve 9 are tightly connected through locking bolts 10, and the mechanical main shaft 7 adopts a carbon fiber tube to realize the stability of 8000rpm rotation speed transmission through two-end conical locking expansion sleeves.
Preferably, the top end of the half ring body 8 is provided with a connecting part 81, the locking bolt 10 is arranged on the connecting part 81, the outer side surface of the half ring body 8 is provided with a first conical inclined surface 82 inclined inwards, a screw hole 91 matched with the locking bolt 10 is formed in the locking expansion sleeve 9, and the inner side wall of the locking expansion sleeve 9 is provided with a second conical inclined surface 92 with the same inclination angle as the first conical inclined surface 82.
Preferably, the first tapered inclined surface 82 and the second tapered inclined surface 92 have an inclination angle of 3 ° to 10 °.
Preferably, the outer wall of the semi-ring body is provided with a positioning groove 83 which is axially formed, and the outer wall of the locking expansion sleeve is provided with a positioning protrusion 94 which axially corresponds to the positioning groove. The first cone inclined plane 82 and the second cone inclined plane 92 are mutually attached and matched, and the position of the groove formed on the first cone inclined plane 82 of the semi-ring body 8 is mutually matched with the position of the positioning protrusion 94 of the second cone inclined plane 92 of the locking expansion sleeve 9, so that the locking expansion sleeve is in a cone-shaped and integrated structure.
Preferably, the carbon fiber drive shaft 6 is made of a carbon fiber composite material.
Preferably, the ram 1 is square in shape, two ends of the ram are respectively movably connected with the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 and the mechanical main shaft 7 through bearings, and a plurality of reinforcing rings 11 are radially arranged in the ram. Through optimizing ram 1 overall structure, guarantee to guarantee when realizing high rotational speed high torque operation, guarantee whole mechanical strength.
The transmission device of the invention drives the gearbox 3 of the main shaft to rotate at a high speed through the main motor 2 with high rotation speed and high torque, the gearbox 3 is divided into high-low gear transmission, the transmission torque can be improved through changing the transmission ratio, and the low-rotation-speed high-torque and high-rotation-speed high-torque transmission is realized. The gearbox 3 is connected with a carbon fiber transmission shaft 6, and two ends of the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 are respectively connected with the gearbox 3 and a mechanical main shaft 7 to form a whole transmission structure. The mechanical main shaft 7 is a high-speed large-torque main shaft, and high-precision machining and heavy cutting machining can be realized by driving a cutter. The ram 1 meets the performance requirement of the mechanical main shaft at 8000rpm through structural optimization, and ensures the stable operation of the whole transmission.
The specific embodiments of the present invention are intended to be illustrative, rather than limiting, of the invention, and modifications thereof will be suggested to persons skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains without inventive contribution, as desired, after having read the present specification, but are to be protected by the patent law within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The high-speed stable transmission device for the gantry machining center is characterized by comprising a ram (1), a main motor (2), a gearbox (3), a first locking mechanism (4), a second locking mechanism (5), a carbon fiber transmission shaft (6) and a mechanical main shaft (7), wherein the carbon fiber transmission shaft and the mechanical main shaft are fixedly arranged in the ram, and one end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with the end part of the mechanical main shaft through the second locking mechanism; the other end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of the gearbox through a first locking mechanism, and the main motor is fixedly connected with an input shaft of the gearbox;
the carbon fiber transmission shaft is of a hollow annular column structure;
the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism are both locking sleeve structures and comprise two half ring bodies (8) coaxially installed with the carbon fiber transmission shaft and locking expansion sleeves (9) coaxially sleeved on the outer sides of the two half ring bodies, and the half ring bodies are fixedly connected with the locking expansion sleeves through locking bolts (10);
the top end of the semi-ring body is provided with a protruding connecting part (81), the locking bolt is arranged on the connecting part, the outer side surface of the semi-ring body is provided with a first conical inclined surface (82) inclined inwards, a screw hole (91) matched with the locking bolt is formed in the locking expansion sleeve, and the inner side wall of the locking expansion sleeve is provided with a second conical inclined surface (92) with the same inclination angle as the first conical inclined surface;
the inclination angles of the first cone inclined plane and the second cone inclined plane are 3-10 degrees;
the outer diameter of the carbon fiber transmission shaft is 140mm, the inner diameter is 130mm, and the shaft length is 1290mm; the rotating speed of the mechanical main shaft can reach 8000rpm when the mechanical main shaft stably operates.
2. The high-speed stable transmission device for the gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the semi-ring body is provided with a positioning groove which is axially opened, and the inner wall of the locking expansion sleeve is provided with a positioning protrusion which axially corresponds to the positioning groove.
3. The high-speed stationary transmission for a gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber transmission shaft is made of a carbon fiber composite material.
4. The high-speed stable transmission device for the gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein the ram is square in shape, two ends of the ram are movably connected with the carbon fiber transmission shaft and the mechanical main shaft respectively through bearings, and a plurality of reinforcing rings are radially arranged in the ram.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110265190.XA CN112828652B (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | High-speed stable transmission device for gantry machining center |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110265190.XA CN112828652B (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | High-speed stable transmission device for gantry machining center |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112828652A CN112828652A (en) | 2021-05-25 |
| CN112828652B true CN112828652B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110265190.XA Active CN112828652B (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | High-speed stable transmission device for gantry machining center |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114559140A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-05-31 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Lightweight composite material spindle mechanism for high-energy beam processing |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104384547A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-04 | 常州腾奇电器有限公司 | Adjustable expansion mandrel |
| CN105345484B (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-08-11 | 中捷机床有限公司 | Ram apparatus with high rotating speed high pulling torque carbon fiber main shaft |
| CN206754193U (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-12-15 | 重庆宗申零部件制造有限公司 | A kind of shaft coupling for being used to produce die casting |
| CN109732396A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-10 | 无锡创明传动工程有限公司 | The Longmen machine tool shaft coupling of cooling duct built in a kind of band |
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