CN112828322A

CN112828322A - Automatic tool changing electric spindle with electric tool beating mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN112828322A
Application number: CN202110217371.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵鹏飞; 钱程; 钱翰琪; 孙志东; 陆洪明
Original assignee: Changzhou Han Qi Spindle Motor Co ltd
Current assignee: Changzhou Han Qi Spindle Motor Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-26
Filing date: 2021-02-26
Publication date: 2021-05-25

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic tool changing electric spindle with an electric unclamping mechanism, which comprises an electric spindle body, a tool handle, a rivet, a pull claw, a pull rod, a collision block and a belleville spring, wherein the electric unclamping mechanism is arranged on one side of the electric spindle body and comprises an unclamping cylinder shell, and a worm wheel, a worm, a T-shaped lead screw and a hollow push rod which are internally provided with T-shaped nuts and arranged in the inner cavity of the unclamping cylinder shell, and the worm can drive the worm wheel internally provided with the T-shaped nuts to rotate, so that a T-shaped lead screw moves left and right along the inner cavity of the unclampi. This automatic tool changing electricity main shaft with electronic unclamping mechanism changes traditional pneumatic unclamping into electronic unclamping, makes the drive torque promote by a wide margin, can keep the loose sword state reliably by the auto-lock characteristic of worm gear self, does not have the impact load of pneumatic unclamping, does not receive the influence of atmospheric pressure fluctuation yet, and motor drive obviously reduces to ambient temperature requirements such as high and low temperature, and the reliability promotes by a wide margin, and smooth promotion has hardly any noise, has guaranteed the life of electricity main shaft.

Description

Automatic tool changing electric spindle with electric tool beating mechanism

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the technical field of electric spindles, in particular to an automatic tool changing electric spindle with an electric tool beating mechanism.

Background art:

the traditional automatic tool changing electric spindle generally adopts pneumatic tool beating. The impact equivalent of the pneumatic tool beating is impacted by the impact block behind the pull rod by the impact equivalent of the cylinder to push the pull rod to compress the belleville spring to loosen the pull claw, so that the tool shank with the pull nail is separated from the pull claw. The main shaft provided with the pneumatic unclamping mechanism has the following common disadvantages: 1. impact force is transmitted to the belleville spring through the push rod and then transmitted to the main shaft through the spring, the main shaft is loaded on the front end angular contact ball bearing after being subjected to forward thrust, and the bearing which is arranged back to back and is closest to the front end is easily separated from a working surface to scratch the outer ring of the bearing after being subjected to forward impact force. 2. The tool handle is difficult to release when the air pressure is too low; the sealing ring is easy to wear in the cylinder, the cutting sealing ring is obviously influenced by high and low temperature environments, and the cutter loosening abnormality is easy to occur. 3. The impact noise is large. 4. Particularly, when the starting and stopping time of the main shaft is short, the main shaft is started without stopping and stabilizing the knife or the piston retracts, and the collision block and the piston rod are easy to abrade.

CN106181510A discloses an electric unclamping cylinder and an electric spindle including the same, which changes pneumatic unclamping into electric unclamping, and the electric unclamping cylinder is directly driven by a stator and a rotor, and is in principle feasible, but can not achieve the torque of a built-in driving motor in a limited space to provide several tons of thrust. And the axial position of the push rod cannot be guaranteed to be unchanged after the cutter is loosened. When the spindle is started without stopping and stabilizing the knife or the piston retracts within short starting and stopping time of the spindle, the collision block can rub the piston rod, and the bearing can be burnt or the bearing can not be separated due to serious heat generation. These problems with detailed engineering applications are difficult to solve.

The invention content is as follows:

aiming at the problems, the invention provides the automatic tool changing electric spindle with the electric tool changing mechanism, which has the advantages of stable tool changing, low noise, large axial thrust and capability of greatly prolonging the service life of the electric spindle.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an automatic tool changing electric spindle with an electric unclamping mechanism comprises an electric spindle body, a tool shank, a rivet, a pull claw, a pull rod, a collision block and a belleville spring, wherein the tool shank, the rivet, the pull claw, the pull rod, the collision block and the belleville spring are arranged in the electric spindle body, the electric unclamping mechanism is arranged on one side of the electric spindle body, the electric unclamping mechanism comprises a unclamping cylinder shell, a worm wheel, a worm, a T-shaped lead screw, a guide rod and a hollow push rod, the worm wheel, the worm, the T-shaped lead screw, the guide rod and the hollow push rod are arranged in the inner cavity of the unclamping cylinder shell, are internally provided with a T-shaped nut, the T-shaped lead screw is arranged in the inner cavity of the unclamping cylinder shell and can move left and right along the inner cavity of the unclamping cylinder shell, the hollow push rod is arranged in the T-shaped lead screw and can rotate around an axis, the worm can drive a worm wheel with a built-in T-shaped nut to rotate, and the guide rod limits the degree of freedom of rotation of the T-shaped lead screw around the axis, so that the T-shaped lead screw moves left and right along the inner cavity of the unclamping cylinder shell.

In order to avoid the T-shaped screw rod from rotating in the moving process, one end of the T-shaped screw rod is fixedly provided with a guide rod, a jack is formed in the casing of the unclamping cylinder, the jack is parallel to the T-shaped screw rod, and the guide rod is arranged in the jack and can move left and right along the jack.

In order to ensure that the hollow push rod can rotate freely and separate power, the hollow push rod is rotatably connected with the T-shaped lead screw through a deep groove ball bearing and a plane thrust ball bearing.

In order to facilitate pre-tightening of the plane thrust ball bearing between the T-shaped lead screw and the hollow push rod, a pre-tightening nut is arranged between the T-shaped lead screw and the hollow push rod.

In order to avoid twisting the air pipe into a twist after the hollow push rod rotates, one end of the hollow push rod, which is far away from the collision block, is connected with a single-channel air path rotary joint.

Compared with the existing pneumatic and electric knife forging, the invention skillfully combines and uses a set of worm and gear and a transmission mechanism and a T-shaped lead screw nut screw transmission mechanism. The following breakthroughs exist: 1. the worm gear and the worm and the transmission mechanism have large reduction ratio and large output torque, can be driven by using a low-power common stepping motor, can adjust the advance and retreat stroke of the tool striking bar by controlling forward and reverse trigger pulse signals, and can be accurately positioned. 2. And the axial position of the push rod can be kept unchanged when the stepping motor stops rotating by utilizing the self-locking mechanical property of the worm gear. 3. And a hollow push rod separated from the rotary power is arranged in the bearing assembly, so that the hollow push rod can rotate together when the spindle is started without stopping stably when the spindle is started with short starting and stopping time or the piston retracts, the screw rod does not rotate, the power can be well separated through the bearing assembly, and no friction is caused.

In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the automatic tool changing electric spindle with the electric tool changing mechanism, the driven pneumatic tool changing is changed into the electric tool changing, the electric spindle is directly connected with the worm through the stepping motor, the worm is driven to rotate through the worm, the worm drives the T-shaped lead screw to move back and forth, the transmission reduction ratio of the worm and the worm is very large, the driving torque is greatly improved, the pull rod can be smoothly pushed, the self-locking characteristic of the worm and the worm can reliably keep a loose tool state after the stepping motor stops in place, the impact load is not influenced by air pressure fluctuation, the requirements of the motor drive on high and low temperature and other environment temperatures are obviously reduced, the reliability is greatly improved, and almost no noise is generated in smooth pushing; the hollow push rod supported by a pair of deep groove ball bearing box plane thrust ball bearings is designed in the screw rod, a single-channel air channel rotary joint is arranged at the rear of the push rod, the hollow push rod can rotate together when the main shaft is started without stopping stably and breaking knife or the piston returns, the screw rod does not rotate, power can be well separated through the bearing combination, no friction can be caused, and the air pipe cannot be twisted into twist due to the fact that the power can also be separated through the single-channel air channel rotary joint when the hollow push rod rotates.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an automatic tool-changing electric spindle with an electric unclamping mechanism according to the present invention;

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention more readily understood by those skilled in the art, and thus will more clearly and distinctly define the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the automatic tool changing motorized spindle with the electric tool striking mechanism comprises a motorized spindle body 1, a tool shank 2, a blind rivet 3, a pull claw 4, a pull rod 5, a collision block 8 and a belleville spring 6, wherein the tool shank 2 is installed in the motorized spindle body 1, the blind rivet 3 is connected with the blind rivet 3, the blind rivet 3 is connected with the pull claw 4, the pull claw 4 is fixed at the left end of the pull rod 5, the collision block 8 is fixed at the right end of the pull rod 5, and the belleville spring 6 is sleeved on the pull rod 5 and adjusts the force of the tool through an adjusting pad 7.

An electric knife beating mechanism is fixed on one side of the electric spindle body 1. The electric unclamping mechanism comprises an unclamping cylinder shell 9, and a worm wheel 11, a worm 10, a T-shaped screw 12 and a hollow push rod 13 which are arranged in an inner cavity of the unclamping cylinder shell 9 and are internally provided with T-shaped nuts. The unclamping cylinder shell 9 is detachably connected with the electric spindle body 1, the T-shaped lead screw 12 is arranged in the unclamping cylinder shell 9 and can move left and right along the inner cavity of the unclamping cylinder shell 9, a guide rod 14 is fixed at the flange end of the left end of the T-shaped lead screw 12, an insertion hole 15 is arranged in the unclamping cylinder shell 9, the insertion hole 15 is parallel to the T-shaped lead screw 12, the guide rod 14 is arranged in the insertion hole 15, the right end of the T-shaped lead screw 12 is relatively fixed and sealed through a rear end cover 19 and a dustproof sealing ring 20, the T-shaped lead screw 12 is of a hollow structure, the hollow push rod 13 is arranged in the T-shaped lead screw 12, a deep groove ball bearing 16 and a plane thrust ball bearing 17 are arranged between the hollow push rod 13 and the T-shaped lead screw 12, the left end of the hollow push rod 13 extends to the outside of the T-shaped lead screw 12 and is provided with a push block corresponding to the collision, the hollow push rod 13 is connected with a single-channel air path rotary joint 18, a pre-tightening nut 21 is arranged at the right ends of the T-shaped lead screw 12 and the hollow push rod 13, a worm wheel 11 with the built-in T-shaped nut is sleeved outside the T-shaped lead screw 12 and is in threaded connection with the T-shaped lead screw 12, the worm 10 is connected with the worm wheel 11 with the built-in T-shaped nut, and one end of the worm 10 is directly connected with the stepping motor.

When the tool is used, the worm gear 11 with the built-in T-shaped nut is driven to rotate by the stepping motor through the worm 10, the worm gear 11 with the built-in T-shaped nut rotates to drive the T-shaped lead screw 12 to move left and right, the T-shaped lead screw 12 can only move left and right under the guidance of the guide rod 14 and cannot rotate, the T-shaped lead screw 12 drives the hollow push rod 13 to move, and the hollow push rod 13 can push the collision block 8, so that the tool shank 2 with the blind rivet 3 is separated from the pull claw 4; when the spindle is started without stopping and stabilizing the knife or the piston retracts after the spindle is started in short starting and stopping time, the hollow push rod 13 rotates together, the T-shaped lead screw 12 does not rotate, power can be well separated through the bearing combination, friction cannot be caused, and the air pipe cannot be twisted into a twist due to the fact that the power is separated through the single-channel air path rotating joint 18 when the hollow push rod 13 rotates.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "side", "end", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "disposed," "provided," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic tool changing electricity main shaft with electronic mechanism of forging a knife, includes electricity main shaft body and sets up handle of a knife, blind rivet, draw claw, pull rod in electricity main shaft body, hits piece and belleville spring, its characterized in that: one side of the electric main shaft body is provided with an electric unclamping mechanism which comprises an unclamping cylinder shell, a worm wheel, a worm, a T-shaped lead screw, a guide rod and a hollow push rod, wherein the worm wheel, the worm, the T-shaped lead screw, the guide rod and the hollow push rod are arranged in the inner cavity of the unclamping cylinder shell, and a T-shaped nut is arranged in the inner cavity of the, the unclamping cylinder shell is fixed with the electric spindle body, the T-shaped lead screw is arranged in the unclamping cylinder shell and can move left and right along the inner cavity of the unclamping cylinder shell, the hollow push rod is arranged in the T-shaped lead screw and can rotate around the axis, one end of the hollow push rod extends out of the T-shaped lead screw and is correspondingly arranged at one side of the collision block, the worm wheel with the built-in T-shaped nut is sleeved outside the T-shaped lead screw and is screwed with the T-shaped lead screw, the worm is meshed with the worm wheel with the built-in T-shaped nut, the worm can drive the worm wheel with the built-in T-shaped nut to rotate, and the worm wheel with the built-in T-shaped nut can drive the T-shaped lead screw to move left and right along the inner cavity of the unclamping cylinder shell.

2. The automatic tool changing electric spindle with an electric unclamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the T-shaped lead screw is characterized in that a guide rod is fixed at one end of the T-shaped lead screw, an insertion hole is formed in the casing of the unclamping cylinder, the insertion hole is parallel to the T-shaped lead screw, and the guide rod is arranged in the insertion hole and can move left and right along the insertion hole.

3. The automatic tool changing electric spindle with an electric unclamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hollow push rod is rotatably connected with the T-shaped lead screw through a deep groove ball bearing and a plane thrust ball bearing.

4. The automatic tool changing electric spindle with an electric unclamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a pre-tightening nut is arranged between the T-shaped lead screw and the hollow push rod.

5. The automatic tool changing electric spindle with an electric unclamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the hollow push rod, which is far away from the collision block, is connected with a single-channel gas circuit rotary joint.