CN112826435A

CN112826435A - Neural scope

Info

Publication number: CN112826435A
Application number: CN202110025243.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张玉妹
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-01-08
Filing date: 2021-01-08
Publication date: 2021-05-25

Abstract

The invention discloses a neuroendoscope, which structurally comprises a flushing pipe, a sleeve joint, a clamping device, a sheath pipe, an expanding device, a base, a suction pipe, an endoscope pipe and a video interface.

Description

Neural scope

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical machinery, in particular to a neuroendoscope.

Background

Along with the incessant deepening of neurosurgery wicresoft theory, neuroendoscopy operation is the important direction of wicresoft neurosurgery development, the operation of transnasal sphenoid sinus pituitary tumour and preceding skull base and in extensive application such as less brain angle region operation, the neural scope wound is little, can go deep into intracranial operation district, observation, the operation region of closely, fix a position the tip of sheath pipe through holding the component by the card, prevent that the sheath pipe from appearing shifting in operation process, when examining with neuroendoscopy, need the place of improvement:

when stretching into the encephalic of patient with neural scope, the doctor need stretch into the encephalic of patient with the sheath pipe puncture, the doctor can adjust the inspection to the scope of different angles, in the inspection process, the tip of sheath pipe can be because the doctor is under the condition of controlling the scope, the slip that appears moving, lead to the sheath pipe can displacement thereupon, because the encephalic blood vessel of human body and nerve are complicacy complicatedly complicated, if touch the nerve blood vessel carelessly, can lead to the iatrogenic damage to appear in the brain tissue, and the front end of sheath pipe is the circular cone cylinder structure, can't expand the field of vision that the doctor was operated, need other apparatus as supplementary, influence doctor's operation efficiency, the uncertain risk of operation has also been increaseed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a neuroendoscope.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a neuroendoscopy, its structure includes flushing pipe, bell and spigot joint, card and holds device, sheath pipe, expand device, base, attracts pipe, endoscope pipe, video interface, be equipped with flushing pipe, attraction pipe, endoscope pipe, the video interface that is linked together with it on the base, flushing pipe, attraction pipe, endoscope pipe, video interface constitute quadrilateral structure mutually, be equipped with the bell and spigot joint on the base, the bell and spigot joint cup joints with the sheath pipe mutually, the sheath pipe is parallel to be run through and is holding the device, one of sheath pipe keeping away from the bell and spigot joint is served and is installed and expand the device.

As a further improvement of the invention, the clamping device comprises two inclined plates, a limiting baffle, a cavity, a positioning piece, a clamping block, an extrusion gasket and a guide outlet, wherein the two inclined plates are tightly attached to two sides of the inner wall of the cavity in parallel, one end of each inclined plate, which is far away from the cavity, is buckled with the limiting baffle, the bottom of one end, which faces the limiting baffle, of each inclined plate is provided with the extrusion gasket connected with the inclined plate, one end of each extrusion gasket is connected to the limiting baffle, the other end of each extrusion gasket is connected with the guide outlet, the guide outlet is arranged at the bottom of the cavity, the positioning piece is installed at one end, which is far away from the guide outlet, of the cavity.

As a further improvement of the invention, the expanding device comprises a protective soft plate, an outlet, a rotating shaft, a fixture block and two expanding plates, wherein the protective soft plate is tightly attached to one end of each expanding plate, one end, far away from the protective soft plate, of each expanding plate is buckled on the fixture block, the two expanding plates are connected to the rotating shaft through the fixture block, the outlet is connected between the two expanding plates, and the outlet is communicated with the sheath tube.

As a further improvement of the invention, the positioning element comprises a pushing element, a telescopic elastic sheet, a supporting rod, a tray body, four fixing seats and a guide interface, wherein the pushing element is buckled on the supporting rod, one end of the supporting rod, which is far away from the pushing element, vertically penetrates through the fixing seats, the four fixing seats are arranged on the tray body in an annular manner at equal intervals, the guide interface is arranged in the middle of the inner part of the tray body, the pushing element is arranged outside the guide interface, the two sides of the pushing element are both connected with the telescopic elastic sheets, the tray body is buckled with the cavity, and the guide interface penetrates through the sheath tube.

As a further improvement of the invention, the pushing part comprises an opening and closing pulling part, a movable piece, a pushing block, a movable stack part, a frame body and a triangular supporting plate, wherein the opening and closing pulling part is buckled with the movable stack part, two ends of the opening and closing pulling part are respectively contacted with the movable piece and the pushing block, the top of the pushing block is tightly attached to the movable piece, one end of the pushing block, far away from the movable piece, is connected with the top of the triangular supporting plate, the triangular supporting plate is installed at the bottom of the frame body, one end of the frame body, far away from the three supporting plates, is connected with the movable piece, the triangular supporting plate is buckled on a supporting rod, the pushing part is arranged outside the guide joint, and two sides of the frame body are both connected with telescopic elastic pieces.

As a further improvement of the invention, the opening and closing traction piece comprises a compression pulling plate, a pushing and pressing pad, a resetting plate and an extrusion block, wherein the resetting plate is arranged in the compression pulling plate, the extrusion block is arranged in the middle of two ends of the resetting plate and connected with the inner wall of the pushing and pressing pad, one end of the pushing and pressing pad, which is far away from the extrusion block, is contacted with the compression pulling plate, the compression pulling plate is buckled with the movable stacking piece, and two ends of the compression pulling plate are respectively contacted with the movable piece and the pushing and pressing block.

As a further improvement of the invention, the movable superposed piece comprises four superposed pieces, arc supporting blocks, supporting rods, elastic strips, pressing pieces and a connecting cavity, wherein the four superposed pieces are symmetrically connected to two sides of the connecting cavity, the supporting rods inserted and embedded with the superposed pieces are arranged in the middle of the connecting cavity, the arc supporting blocks are arranged on two sides of the supporting rods, the elastic strips are connected to the inside of the arc supporting blocks, the outer parts of the arc supporting blocks are connected with the pressing pieces, and the superposed pieces are buckled with the pressed pulling plates.

As a further improvement of the invention, the protective soft board comprises a soft arc sheet, a connecting block and energy-absorbing and buffering pads, wherein the soft arc sheet is tightly attached to the connecting block, five energy-absorbing and buffering pads are arranged inside the connecting block, two ends of the five energy-absorbing and buffering pads are connected to two sides of the inner wall of the connecting block, and the connecting block is tightly attached to one end of the expansion board.

As a further improvement of the invention, the soft arc sheet is in an irregular wave arc structure, and two ends of the soft arc sheet are clamped at two ends of the connecting block in parallel.

As a further improvement of the invention, the energy-absorbing and buffering cushion is in a hourglass-shaped structure with two large ends and a small middle, and the energy-absorbing and buffering cushion is arranged inside the connecting block in an equidistant arc manner.

Advantageous effects

The invention relates to a neuroendoscope, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the two limiting baffles are connected to the two ends of the clamping block in parallel through the combination of the limiting baffles and the clamping block, so that the clamping block can be kept at the middle position, and the position of the sheath tube can be effectively clamped and positioned.

2. According to the invention, through the combined arrangement of the superposed sheet, the arc-supporting block, the elastic strip, the pressing sheet and the connecting cavity, the superposed sheet can be inwards stacked and retracted together under stress, the superposed sheet can slide into the connecting cavity to be contacted with the pressing sheet after being retracted, the pressing sheet is of an arc-shaped structure, and the elastic strip and the arc-supporting block can generate resilience force under the action of the arc-supporting block and the elastic strip, so that the superposed sheet is effectively pushed out and supported.

3. According to the invention, through the combined arrangement of the soft arc sheet and the energy-absorbing cushion, the soft arc sheet can be contacted with the cerebral nerve vessel of a patient, the soft arc sheet is made of a soft rubber material, so that the soft arc sheet has a better soft and pressure-relieving effect, the pressure is effectively conveyed downwards to the energy-absorbing cushion, the energy-absorbing cushion treats the extrusion energy, the soft arc sheet is prevented from bouncing, and the cerebral nerve vessel is effectively protected.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a neuroendoscope according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the retaining device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a positioning element according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pushing member in the first working state according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pushing member in a second working state according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged structural diagram of a in fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the movable stack according to the invention in a first operating state.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the movable stack according to the invention in a second operating state.

Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the expanding device of the present invention in a first working state.

Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second working state of the spreading device of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the protective flexible board of the present invention.

In the figure: the endoscope sheath comprises an irrigation pipe 1, a sleeve joint 2, a clamping device 3, a sheath pipe 4, an expanding device 5, a base 6, a suction pipe 7, an endoscope pipe 8, a video interface 9, an inclined plate 31, a limit baffle 32, a cavity 33, a positioning piece 34, a clamping block 35, a squeezing gasket 36, a guide outlet 37, a protective soft plate 51, an outlet 52, a rotating shaft 53, a clamping block 54, an expanding plate 55, a pushing piece 341, a telescopic elastic sheet 342, a resisting rod 343, a disc 344, a fixed seat 345, a guide joint 346, a pulling piece 411, a movable sheet 412, a pushing block 413, a movable laminated piece 414, a frame 415, a triangular support plate 416, a compression pull plate R1, a pushing pad R2, a reset plate R3, a squeezing block R4, a laminated sheet S1, a support arc block S2, a support rod S3, an elastic strip S4, a pressing sheet S5, a connecting cavity S6, a soft arc sheet 511, an energy absorption block 512 and a buffering pad 513.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a neuroendoscopy, its structure includes flushing pipe 1, socket 2, the card holds device 3, sheath pipe 4, expands and opens device 5, base 6, attracts pipe 7, endoscope pipe 8, video interface 9, be equipped with flushing pipe 1, attract pipe 7, endoscope pipe 8, the video interface 9 that is linked together with it on the base 6, flushing pipe 1, attract pipe 7, endoscope pipe 8, video interface 9 constitute quadrangle structure each other, be equipped with socket 2 on the base 6, socket 2 cup joints with sheath pipe 4 mutually, sheath pipe 4 parallel runs through holds device 3 at the card, sheath pipe 4 keeps away from one of socket 2 and serves to install and expand and open device 5.

Referring to fig. 2, the holding device 3 includes two inclined plates 31, a limiting baffle 32, a cavity 33, a positioning member 34, a clamping block 35, an extrusion gasket 36, and a guiding outlet 37, where the two inclined plates 31 are closely attached to two sides of an inner wall of the cavity 33 in parallel, one end of the inclined plate 31, which is far away from the cavity 33, is fastened to the limiting baffle 32, the bottom of one end of the inclined plate 31, which faces the limiting baffle 32, is provided with the extrusion gasket 36 connected thereto, one end of the extrusion gasket 36 is connected to the limiting baffle 32, the other end is connected to the guiding outlet 37, the guiding outlet 37 is provided at the bottom of the cavity 33, one end of the cavity 33, which is far away from the guiding outlet 37, is provided with the positioning member 34, and the positioning member 34 is penetrated through the.

Foretell export 37 is used for cooperating cavity 33, and cavity 33 is the inverted triangle-shaped structure for on export 37 can be sent to the perpendicular downwardly directed of sheath pipe 4, export 37 is "V" font structure, and adopts rubber materials to make, has better adhesion, makes sheath pipe 4 when exporting export 37, export 37 can be because the extrusion force closely adheres on sheath pipe 4, effectively carries out spacing fixed to sheath pipe 4.

Referring to fig. 9-10, the expanding device 5 includes a protective soft plate 51, an outlet 52, a rotating shaft 53, a clamping block 54, and two expansion plates 55, the protective soft plate 51 is tightly attached to one end of the expansion plate 55, one end of the expansion plate 55 far from the protective soft plate 51 is fastened to the clamping block 54, the two expansion plates 55 are connected to the rotating shaft 53 through the clamping block 54, the outlet 52 is connected between the two expansion plates 55, and the outlet 52 is communicated with the sheath tube 4.

The fixture block 54 is used for matching with the expansion plate 55, when the examined endoscope tube extends into the outlet 52, the outer wall of the examined endoscope tube can be contacted with the fixture block 54, and the contacted fixture block 54 can drive the expansion plate 55 to be opened outwards under the action of the endoscope tube, so that the examination vision field of the endoscope tube is effectively expanded.

Referring to fig. 3, the positioning element 34 includes a pushing element 341, a telescopic elastic piece 342, a resisting rod 343, a tray 344, a fixing base 345, and a guiding interface 346, the pushing element 341 is fastened to the resisting rod 343, one end of the resisting rod 343 away from the pushing element 341 vertically penetrates through the fixing base 345, four fixing bases 345 are arranged on the tray 344 in an equidistant and annular manner, a guiding interface 346 is arranged in the middle of the tray 344, the pushing element 341 is arranged outside the guiding interface 346, the telescopic elastic pieces 342 are connected to two sides of the pushing element 341, the tray 344 is fastened to the cavity 33, and the guiding interface 346 penetrates through the sheath tube 4.

The fixing seat 345 is used for fixing the pushing rod 343, the pushing rod 343 is vertically inserted and embedded in the fixing seat 345, and the pushing rod 343 is made of a hard material, so that the pushing rod 343 cannot retract after being pressed, and the pushing member 341 is effectively supported.

Referring to fig. 4-5, the pushing member 341 includes an opening and closing pulling member 411, a movable plate 412, a pushing block 413, a movable stack 414, a frame 415, and a triangular supporting plate 416, the opening and closing pulling member 411 is fastened to the movable stack 414, two ends of the opening and closing pulling member 411 are respectively contacted to the movable plate 412 and the pushing block 413, the top of the pushing block 413 is tightly attached to the movable plate 412, one end of the pushing block 413 away from the movable plate 412 is connected to the top of the triangular supporting plate 416, the three supporting plates 416 are installed at the bottom of the frame 415, one end of the frame 415 away from the three supporting plates 416 is connected to the movable plate 412, the three supporting plates 416 are fastened to the supporting rod 343, the pushing member 341 is installed outside the guiding opening 346, and two sides of the frame 415 are connected to a flexible elastic sheet 342.

The three-gusset plate 416 is used for limiting the position of the pushing block 413, the pushing block 413 retracts inwards after being pressed, the pressure is vertically led out to the triangular supporting plate 416, the middle position of the triangular supporting plate 416 is connected with the pushing block 413, the triangular supporting plate 416 adopts triangular stability, the pressure received by the pushing block 413 is spread to two sides, and the movable position of the pushing block 413 is effectively limited.

Referring to fig. 6, the opening and closing pulling element 411 includes a compression plate R1, a pushing pad R2, a resetting plate R3, and a pressing block R4, the resetting plate R3 is installed inside the compression plate R1, the pressing block R4 is installed at the middle position of the two ends of the resetting plate R3, the pressing block R4 is connected to the inner wall of the pushing pad R2, one end of the pushing pad R2, which is far away from the pressing block R4, is in contact with the compression plate R1, the compression plate R1 is fastened to the movable stack 414, and the two ends of the compression plate R1 are in contact with the movable plate 412 and the pushing block 413, respectively.

The pushing pad R2 is used for being matched with the extrusion block R4, the extrusion block R4 is of an arc triangle structure and can push upwards after being pressed, pressure is guided to the pushing pad R2, the pushing pad R2 is made of rubber materials, and the pushing pad R2 can vertically push on the pressed pulling plate R1 after being pressed and is effectively matched with the pressed pulling plate R1 to perform opening and closing adjustment.

Referring to fig. 7-8, the movable stack 414 includes a stack sheet S1, arc-supporting blocks S2, supporting rods S3, elastic bars S4, pressing sheets S5, and a receiving cavity S6, the stack sheet S1 includes four stack sheets S1 symmetrically connected to two sides of the receiving cavity S6, the supporting rods S3 inserted into the receiving cavity S6 are disposed at the middle position inside the receiving cavity S6, the arc-supporting blocks S2 are disposed on two sides of the supporting rod S3, the elastic bars S4 are connected inside the arc-supporting blocks S2, the outer portion of the arc-supporting blocks S2 is connected to the pressing sheets S5, and the stack sheets S1 are fastened to the pressing and pulling plates R1.

The supporting rod S3 is used for positioning the pressing sheet S5, the pressing sheet S5 retracts inwards or rebounds outwards after receiving the pressure of the overlapping sheet S1, and the supporting rod S3 is used for limiting and fixing the position of the pressing sheet S5, so that the pressing sheet S5 cannot be dislocated after being pressed.

Example two

Referring to fig. 11, the protective soft board 51 includes a soft arc piece 511, a connection block 512, and energy absorption and buffering pads 513, the soft arc piece 511 is tightly attached to the connection block 512, five energy absorption and buffering pads 513 are disposed inside the connection block 512, two ends of the five energy absorption and buffering pads 513 are connected to two sides of an inner wall of the connection block 512, and the connection block 512 is tightly attached to one end of the expansion board 55.

Referring to fig. 11, the soft arc piece 511 is in an irregular wavy arc structure, and two ends of the soft arc piece are clamped at two ends of the connecting block 512 in parallel.

Referring to fig. 11, the energy absorbing and cushioning pad 513 is a hourglass-shaped structure with two large ends and a small middle, and the energy absorbing and cushioning pads 513 are arranged in the connecting block 512 in an equidistant arc shape.

The connection block 512 is used for matching with the soft arc piece 511, and the connection block 512 is stably clamped on the expansion plate 55, so that when the expansion plate 55 moves outwards, the soft arc piece 511 can protect the nerve and blood vessels of the brain of the patient, and the nerve and blood vessels of the brain of the patient are not easily damaged.

The working principle of the above technical solution is explained as follows:

when the medical treatment device is used, a medical worker connects the video interface 9 with the medical display screen, sequentially penetrates the flushing pipe 1, the suction pipe 7 and the endoscope pipe 8 into the base 6, and sleeves the sheath pipe 4 with the sleeve joint port 2, so that the flushing pipe 1, the suction pipe 7 and the endoscope pipe 8 can be stably connected into the sheath pipe 4, a doctor opens a small opening on the top of the head of a patient, and sends the flushing pipe 1, the suction pipe 7 and the endoscope pipe 8 into the brain through the sheath pipe 4, and the accumulated liquid in the brain of the patient is effectively treated.

When the neuroendoscope is inserted into the cranium of a patient, the sheath tube 4 is vertically inserted into the guide interface 346, because the diameter of the sheath tube 4 is larger than that of the guide interface 346, the sheath tube 4 can extrude the movable sheet 412 when being inserted into the guide interface 346, the movable sheet 412 is stressed to transmit the pressure to the push block 413, the push block 413 is in an hourglass-shaped structure, two ends of the push block 413 can retract inwards at the same time after being pressed, the movable sheet 412 and the movable folding piece 414 can move inwards along with the movable sheet, the push block 413 is effectively assisted to push the pressure downwards onto the three-gusset plate 416, the three-gusset plate 416 has better stability, the push block 413 is effectively supported, the pressure in the push block 413 can rebound upwards and expand under the action of the three-gusset plate 416, the push block 413 pushes the pressure onto the pressed pull plate R1, the pressed pull plate R1 is stressed to drive the reset plate R3 to expand outwards, the strip S4 is pulled by the pressed pull plate R1 to push the folded piece S1 outwards through the pressing piece S5, make superimposed sheet S1 and push away the resilience force that pushing ram 413 conducted out to cooperate mutually and disperse with pushing ram R2, make pushing ram 413 can not appear great bullet power after the atress, pushing ram 413 can be stable push away movable plate 412 upwards, reuse is supported pole 343 and fixing base 345 cooperation and is supported flexible shell fragment 342, prevent that flexible shell fragment 342 atress from inwards retracting, can have to carry out the card fixed position to sheath pipe 4, guarantee that the doctor is operating irrigation tube 1, attract pipe 7, the in-process of endoscope pipe 8, the tip of sheath pipe 4 can not swing displacement thereupon, effectively reduce irrigation tube 1, attract pipe 7, the probability that endoscope pipe 8 can touch neural blood vessel, the neural blood vessel of patient' S brain is protected.

In the process of examining cerebral nerve and blood vessels of a patient, the inner lens tube 8 can vertically slide out through the sheath tube 4, the inner lens tube 8 can contact the rotating shaft 53 in the sliding process, the rotating shaft 53 drives the clamping blocks 54 to outwards open under the action of the inner lens tube 8, the two clamping blocks 54 simultaneously drive the expansion plate 55 to outwards expand when outwards opening, the area of the outlet 52 and the visual field of the operation of a doctor are effectively expanded, the expansion plate 55 outwards opens, the soft arc piece 511 can contact other cerebral nerves of the patient, the soft arc piece 511 is made of soft materials and has good protection performance, certain micro-elastic force can be generated when the soft arc piece 511 contacts the cerebral nerves of the patient, the soft arc piece 511 transmits the micro-elastic force to the buffering cushion 513, the buffering cushion 513 has certain energy absorption buffering effect, the micro-elastic force generated by the soft arc piece 511 is effectively absorbed, and the elastic force of the soft arc piece 511 is prevented from occurring, effectively protect patient's brain nerve blood vessel, prevent that brain nerve blood vessel from appearing iatrogenic damage, make flushing pipe 1, attract pipe 7, the contact of outwards leading that interior mirror tube 8 can be stable is on patient's brain nerve, observe the detection with interior mirror tube 8 to patient's brain nerve blood vessel, wash the position of handling with flushing pipe 1, guarantee that the doctor can abluent observation patient's brain nerve blood vessel condition, adsorb the processing through attracting pipe 7 to patient's brain blood clot or hydrops, improve doctor's operation efficiency, effectively reduce the risk of doctor's operation.

In summary, the present invention adopts a combination of the irrigation tube, the sleeve joint, the clamping device, the sheath tube, the expansion device, the base, the suction tube, the endoscope tube and the video interface to form a new neuroendoscope, the support rod and the fixing seat are used for supporting the telescopic elastic sheet in a matching manner, the sheath tube is clamped and positioned by the four telescopic elastic sheets to ensure that the sheath tube does not swing and displace along with the operation of the doctor, the clamping block and the expansion plate are used for outward expansion in a matching manner to effectively expand the area of the outlet and expand the visual field of the doctor operation, the soft arc sheet and the energy absorption cushion are used for protecting the cerebral neurovascular of the patient in a matching manner, thereby preventing the cerebral neurovascular from iatrogenic damage and improving the operation efficiency of the doctor.

While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a neural scope, its structure includes washing pipe (1), socket (2), card and holds device (3), sheath pipe (4), expands division device (5), base (6), attracts pipe (7), endoscope pipe (8), video interface (9), its characterized in that:

the endoscope sheath is characterized in that a flushing pipe (1), a suction pipe (7), an endoscope pipe (8) and a video interface (9) which are communicated with the base (6) are arranged on the base (6), a sleeve joint (2) is arranged on the base (6), the sleeve joint (2) is sleeved with a sheath pipe (4), the sheath pipe (4) penetrates through the clamping device (3), and the sheath pipe (4) is provided with an expanding device (5);

the clamping device (3) comprises two inclined plates (31), a limiting baffle (32), a cavity (33), a positioning piece (34), a clamping block (35), an extrusion gasket (36) and a guide outlet (37), wherein the two inclined plates (31) are tightly attached to two sides of the cavity (33), the inclined plates (31) are buckled with the limiting baffle (32), the extrusion gasket (36) is arranged at the bottom of the inclined plates (31), the extrusion gasket (36) is connected with the limiting baffle (32) and the guide outlet (37), the guide outlet (37) is arranged at the bottom of the cavity (33), the positioning piece (34) is installed on the cavity (33), and the positioning piece (34) penetrates through the sheath pipe (4);

expand and open device (5) including protection soft board (51), export (52), pivot (53), fixture block (54), expansion board (55), protection soft board (51) hug closely in expansion board (55), expansion board (55) lock joint is on fixture block (54), expansion board (55) are equipped with two, and two expansion board (55) are connected on pivot (53) through fixture block (54), two be connected with export (52) between expansion board (55), export (52) are linked together with sheath pipe (4).

2. A neuroendoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the positioning piece (34) comprises a pushing piece (341), a telescopic elastic sheet (342), a resisting rod (343), a disc body (344), a fixing seat (345) and a guide interface (346), wherein the pushing piece (341) is fastened on the resisting rod (343), the resisting rod (343) penetrates through the fixing seat (345), the fixing seat (345) is provided with four fixing seats (345) which are arranged on the disc body (344), the guide interface (346) is arranged in the middle of the inside of the disc body (344), the pushing piece (341) is arranged outside the guide interface (346), the telescopic elastic sheets (342) are connected to two sides of the pushing piece (341), the disc body (344) is fastened with the cavity (33), and the guide interface (346) penetrates through the sheath tube (4).

3. A neuroendoscope according to claim 2, characterized in that: the pushing part (341) comprises an opening and closing pulling part (411), a movable piece (412), a pushing block (413), a movable stack part (414), a frame body (415) and a triangular supporting plate (416), wherein the opening and closing pulling part (411) is buckled with the movable stack part (414), two ends of the opening and closing pulling part (411) are respectively contacted with the movable piece (412) and the pushing block (413), the top of the pushing block (413) is tightly attached to the movable piece (412), the pushing block (413) is connected with the tops of the three supporting plates (416), the three supporting plates (416) are installed at the bottom of the frame body (415), the frame body (415) is connected with the movable piece (412), the three supporting plates (416) are buckled on a resisting rod (343), the pushing part (341) is arranged outside a guide joint (346), and two sides of the frame body (415) are respectively connected with a telescopic elastic piece (342).

4. A neuroendoscope according to claim 3, characterized in that: the opening and closing traction piece (411) comprises a pressed pulling plate (R1), a pushing and pressing pad (R2), a reset plate (R3) and an extrusion block (R4), wherein the reset plate (R3) is installed inside the pressed pulling plate (R1), the extrusion block (R4) is arranged in the middle of the two ends of the reset plate (R3), the extrusion block (R4) is connected with the inner wall of the pushing and pressing pad (R2), the pushing and pressing pad (R2) is in contact with the pressed pulling plate (R1), the pressed pulling plate (R1) is buckled with the movable stack piece (414), and the two ends of the pressed pulling plate (R1) are in contact with the movable sheet (412) and the pushing and pressing block (413) respectively.

5. A neuroendoscope according to claim 4, characterized in that: the movable superposed piece (414) comprises superposed pieces (S1), arc supporting blocks (S2), supporting rods (S3), elastic strips (S4), pressing pieces (S5) and a connecting cavity (S6), wherein the superposed pieces (S1) are provided with four pieces, the four superposed pieces (S1) are connected to two sides of the connecting cavity (S6), the supporting rods (S3) inserted and embedded with the connecting cavity (S6) are arranged in the middle of the inner part of the connecting cavity (S6), the arc supporting blocks (S2) are arranged on two sides of the supporting rods (S3), the elastic strips (S4) are connected to the inner part of the arc supporting blocks (S2), the outer part of the arc supporting blocks (S2) is connected with the pressing pieces (S5), and the superposed pieces (S1) are buckled with a pressing pull plate (R1).