CN112822475A

CN112822475A - Image processing method, image processing apparatus, terminal, and readable storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN112822475A
Application number: CN202011582496.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨鑫; 李小涛
Original assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-28
Filing date: 2020-12-28
Publication date: 2021-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-28
Also published as: CN112822475B

Abstract

The application discloses an image processing method, an image processing device, a terminal and a readable storage medium. The image sensor comprises a pixel array, wherein the pixel array comprises panchromatic photosensitive pixels and color photosensitive pixels; the image processing method comprises the following steps: acquiring an original image; acquiring a color image according to all color image pixels in the same subunit, and acquiring a full-color image according to all full-color image pixels in the same subunit; performing separation processing on the color image to obtain a first color initial image, a second color initial image and a third color initial image, and performing image processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a second color intermediate image; processing the second color intermediate image according to the panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image; and processing the second color target image, the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a first color target image and a third color target image.

Description

Image processing method, image processing apparatus, terminal, and readable storage medium

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of image processing technologies, and in particular, to an image processing method, an image processing apparatus, a terminal, and a computer-readable storage medium.

Background

The mobile phone and other terminals can be provided with a camera to realize the photographing function. An image sensor for receiving light can be arranged in the camera. An array of filters may be disposed in the image sensor. In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of images acquired by terminals such as mobile phones, image sensors with four-in-one pixel arrangement are adopted. However, after the image sensor adopting the four-in-one pixel arrangement is exposed and outputs in a binning mode to obtain an image arranged in a bayer array, the image is required to be interpolated to obtain a full-arrangement image before being transmitted to an image processing device for subsequent processing, which may cause a decrease in resolution and affect the finally obtained image effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an image processing method, an image processing device, a terminal and a computer readable storage medium.

The embodiment of the application provides an image processing method for an image sensor. The image sensor includes a pixel array including a plurality of panchromatic photosensitive pixels and a plurality of color photosensitive pixels. The color sensitive pixels include first, second, and third color sensitive pixels having different spectral responses, the color sensitive pixels having a narrower spectral response than the panchromatic sensitive pixels, and the first and third color sensitive pixels each having a narrower spectral response than the second color sensitive pixels. Each of the minimal repeating units includes a plurality of sub-units, each of the sub-units including at least one single-color photosensitive pixel and at least one full-color photosensitive pixel. The image processing method comprises the following steps: acquiring an original image obtained by exposing the pixel array, wherein the original image comprises color image pixels and full-color image pixels, acquiring a color image according to all the color image pixels in the same subunit, and acquiring a full-color image according to all the full-color image pixels in the same subunit, and the image pixels in the color image are arranged in a Bayer array; performing separation processing on a first color image pixel, a second color image pixel and a third color image pixel in the color image to obtain a first color initial image, a second color initial image and a third color initial image, and performing image processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully-arranged second color intermediate image; processing the second color intermediate image from the panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image; processing the second color target image and the first color initial image to obtain a fully arranged first color target image, and processing the second color target image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully arranged third color target image.

The embodiment of the application provides an image processing device. The image processing device comprises an image sensor and a processor. The image sensor includes a pixel array including a plurality of panchromatic photosensitive pixels and a plurality of color photosensitive pixels, the color photosensitive pixels including first, second and third color photosensitive pixels having different spectral responses, the color photosensitive pixels having a narrower spectral response than the panchromatic photosensitive pixels, and the first and third color photosensitive pixels each having a narrower spectral response than the second color photosensitive pixels, the pixel array including a plurality of minimal repeating units, each of the minimal repeating units including a plurality of sub-units, each of the sub-units including at least one single-color photosensitive pixel and at least one panchromatic photosensitive pixel. The processor is configured to: acquiring an original image obtained by exposing the pixel array, wherein the original image comprises color image pixels and full-color image pixels, acquiring a color image according to all the color image pixels in the same subunit, and acquiring a full-color image according to all the full-color image pixels in the same subunit, and the image pixels in the color image are arranged in a Bayer array; performing separation processing on a first color image pixel, a second color image pixel and a third color image pixel in the color image to obtain a first color initial image, a second color initial image and a third color initial image, and performing image processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully-arranged second color intermediate image; processing the second color intermediate image from the panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image; processing the second color target image and the first color initial image to obtain a fully arranged first color target image, and processing the second color target image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully arranged third color target image.

The embodiment of the application provides a terminal. The terminal comprises a lens, a shell and the image processing device. The lens, the image processing device and the shell are combined, and the lens and an image sensor of the image processing device are matched for imaging.

The present embodiments provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium containing a computer program. The computer program, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the image processing method described above.

In the image processing method, the image processing apparatus, the terminal, and the computer-readable storage medium according to the embodiments of the present application, all color image pixels in the same sub-unit are fused into a color image arranged in a bayer array; and fusing all full-color image pixels in the same subunit into a full-color image, performing interpolation processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully-arranged second color intermediate image, and fusing the full-color image with the second color intermediate image to obtain a second color target image. And finally, processing according to the second color target image, the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain the fully-arranged first color target image and the fully-arranged third color target image. On the one hand, the first color target image, the second color target image and the third color target image which contain full-color image information and are arranged in a full mode can be directly output, so that the resolving power and the signal-to-noise ratio of the images can be improved, and the overall photographing effect is improved. On the other hand, after the second color initial image is interpolated according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain the fully-arranged second color intermediate image, the full-color image is fused with the second color intermediate image to obtain the second color target image, and the full-color image is intersected with the first color initial image, the second color initial image and the third color initial image to be fused, so that the calculation amount can be reduced, and the power consumption of the image processing device can be reduced.

Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart diagram of an image processing method according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an image processing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pixel array according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-sensitive pixel according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a pixel circuit diagram of a light-sensitive pixel according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIGS. 6-8 are schematic diagrams of the layout of the minimal repeating unit in a pixel array according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the acquisition of color and panchromatic images in accordance with certain embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the principle of color image separation for certain embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating the acquisition of a second color intermediate image from a first color initial image and a third color initial image according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 12 is a schematic flow chart diagram of an image processing method according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIGS. 13-14 are schematic diagrams of the acquisition of second color intermediate image pixels according to certain embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 15 is a schematic flow chart diagram of an image processing method according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the acquisition of a second color intermediate image pixel according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 17 is a schematic flow chart diagram of an image processing method according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 18 is a schematic illustration of a second color target image from a full color image and a second color intermediate image in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 19 is a schematic flow chart diagram of an image processing method according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram illustrating the acquisition of a first matrix based on a first window in a second color intermediate image according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 21 is a schematic flow chart diagram of an image processing method according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 22 is a schematic illustration of the acquisition of a second matrix from a second window in a full color image in accordance with certain embodiments of the present application;

FIGS. 23-24 are schematic flow charts of image processing methods according to certain embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of the processing of a first color initial image based on a second color target image to obtain a first color target image in accordance with certain embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of the processing of a third color initial image based on a second color target image to obtain a third color target image according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIGS. 27-28 are schematic flow charts of image processing methods according to certain embodiments of the present application;

fig. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of an interaction between a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium and a processor according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the embodiments of the present application, and are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present application provides an image processing method for an image sensor 10. The image sensor 10 includes a pixel array 11 (shown in fig. 3), and the pixel array 11 includes a plurality of full-color photosensitive pixels W and a plurality of color photosensitive pixels. The color sensitive pixels include a first color sensitive pixel a, a second color sensitive pixel B, and a third color sensitive pixel C having different spectral responses, wherein the color sensitive pixels have a narrower spectral response than the panchromatic sensitive pixel W, and the first color sensitive pixel a and the third color sensitive pixel C have a narrower spectral response than the second color sensitive pixel B. The pixel array 11 includes a plurality of minimal repeating units, each minimal repeating unit including a plurality of sub-units, each sub-unit including at least one single-color photosensitive pixel and at least one full-color photosensitive pixel W. The image processing method comprises the following steps:

01: acquiring an original image obtained by exposing the pixel array 11, wherein the original image comprises color image pixels and full-color image pixels W;

02: acquiring a color image according to all color image pixels in the same subunit, and acquiring a panchromatic image according to all panchromatic image pixels in the same subunit, wherein the image pixels in the color image are arranged in a Bayer array;

03: performing separation processing on a first color image pixel A, a second color image pixel B and a third color image pixel C in the color image to obtain a first color initial image, a second color initial image and a third color initial image, and performing image processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully-arranged second color intermediate image;

04: processing the second color intermediate image according to the panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image;

05: processing the second color target image and the first color initial image to obtain a fully arranged first color target image, and processing the second color target image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully arranged third color target image.

Please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present application further provides an image processing apparatus 100. The image processing apparatus 100 includes an image sensor 10 and a processor 20. The image sensor 10 includes a pixel array 11 (shown in fig. 3), and the pixel array 11 includes a plurality of full-color photosensitive pixels W and a plurality of color photosensitive pixels. The color sensitive pixels include a first color sensitive pixel a, a second color sensitive pixel B, and a third color sensitive pixel C having different spectral responses, the color sensitive pixels having a narrower spectral response than the panchromatic sensitive pixel W, and the first color sensitive pixel a and the third color sensitive pixel C each having a narrower spectral response than the second color sensitive pixel B. The pixel array 11 includes a plurality of minimal repeating units, each minimal repeating unit including a plurality of sub-units, each sub-unit including at least one single-color photosensitive pixel and at least one full-color photosensitive pixel W. Step 01, step 02, step 03, step 04 and step 05 are all implemented by the processor 20. That is, processor 20 is configured to: acquiring an original image obtained by exposing a pixel array, wherein the original image comprises color image pixels and full-color image pixels; acquiring a color image according to all color image pixels in the same subunit, and acquiring a panchromatic image according to all panchromatic image pixels in the same subunit, wherein the image pixels in the color image are arranged in a Bayer array; performing separation processing on a first color image pixel, a second color image pixel and a third color image pixel in the color image to obtain a first color initial image, a second color initial image and a third color initial image, and performing image processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully-arranged second color intermediate image; processing the second color intermediate image according to the panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image; processing the second color target image and the first color initial image to obtain a fully arranged first color target image, and processing the second color target image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully arranged third color target image.

In the image processing method and the image processing apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present application, all color image pixels in the same sub-unit are fused into a color image arranged in a bayer array; and fusing all full-color image pixels in the same subunit into a full-color image, performing interpolation processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully-arranged second color intermediate image, and fusing the full-color image with the second color intermediate image to obtain a second color target image. And finally, processing according to the second color target image, the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain the fully-arranged first color target image and the fully-arranged third color target image. On the one hand, the first color target image, the second color target image and the third color target image which contain full-color image information and are arranged in a full-color mode can be directly output without multiple times of interpolation, so that the resolving power and the signal-to-noise ratio of the images can be improved, and the overall photographing effect is improved. On the other hand, since the second color intermediate image is obtained by interpolating the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image, and then the full-color image is fused with the second color intermediate image to obtain the second color target image, the amount of calculation can be reduced and the power consumption of the image processing apparatus 100 can be reduced compared to when the full-color image is fused with the first color initial image, the second color initial image, and the third color initial image, respectively.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the image sensor 10 in the embodiment of the present application. The image sensor 10 includes a pixel array 11, a vertical driving unit 12, a control unit 13, a column processing unit 14, and a horizontal driving unit 15.

For example, the image sensor 10 may employ a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) photosensitive element or a Charge-coupled Device (CCD) photosensitive element.

For example, the pixel array 11 includes a plurality of photosensitive pixels 110 (shown in fig. 4) two-dimensionally arranged in an array form (i.e., arranged in a two-dimensional matrix form), and each photosensitive pixel 110 includes a photoelectric conversion element 1111 (shown in fig. 5). Each photosensitive pixel 110 converts light into an electric charge according to the intensity of light incident thereon.

For example, the vertical driving unit 12 includes a shift register and an address decoder. The vertical driving unit 12 includes a readout scanning and reset scanning functions. The readout scanning refers to sequentially scanning the unit photosensitive pixels 110 line by line, and reading signals from the unit photosensitive pixels 110 line by line. For example, a signal output from each photosensitive pixel 110 in the photosensitive pixel row selected and scanned is transmitted to the column processing unit 14. The reset scan is for resetting charges, and the photocharges of the photoelectric conversion elements are discarded, so that accumulation of new photocharges can be started.

The signal processing performed by the column processing unit 14 is, for example, Correlated Double Sampling (CDS) processing. In the CDS process, the reset level and the signal level output from each photosensitive pixel 110 in the selected photosensitive pixel row are taken out, and the level difference is calculated. Thus, signals of the photosensitive pixels 110 in one row are obtained. The column processing unit 14 may have an analog-to-digital (a/D) conversion function for converting analog pixel signals into a digital format.

The horizontal driving unit 15 includes, for example, a shift register and an address decoder. The horizontal driving unit 15 sequentially scans the pixel array 11 column by column. Each photosensitive pixel column is sequentially processed by the column processing unit 14 by a selective scanning operation performed by the horizontal driving unit 15, and is sequentially output.

For example, the control unit 13 configures timing signals according to the operation mode, and controls the vertical driving unit 12, the column processing unit 14, and the horizontal driving unit 15 to cooperatively operate using a variety of timing signals.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a photosensitive pixel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The photosensitive pixel 110 includes a pixel circuit 111, a filter 112, and a microlens 113. The microlens 113, the filter 112, and the pixel circuit 111 are sequentially disposed along the light receiving direction of the photosensitive pixel 110. The micro-lens 113 is used for converging light, and the optical filter 112 is used for allowing light of a certain wavelength band to pass through and filtering light of other wavelength bands. The pixel circuit 111 is configured to convert the received light into an electric signal and supply the generated electric signal to the column processing unit 14 shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pixel circuit 111 of a photosensitive pixel 110 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The pixel circuit 111 of fig. 5 may be implemented in each photosensitive pixel 110 (shown in fig. 4) in the pixel array 11 shown in fig. 3. The operation principle of the pixel circuit 111 is described below with reference to fig. 3 to 5.

As shown in fig. 5, the pixel circuit 111 includes a photoelectric conversion element 1111 (e.g., a photodiode), an exposure control circuit (e.g., a transfer transistor 1112), a reset circuit (e.g., a reset transistor 1113), an amplification circuit (e.g., an amplification transistor 1114), and a selection circuit (e.g., a selection transistor 1115). In the embodiment of the present application, the transfer transistor 1112, the reset transistor 1113, the amplification transistor 1114, and the selection transistor 1115 are, for example, MOS transistors, but are not limited thereto.

The photoelectric conversion element 1111 includes, for example, a photodiode, and an anode of the photodiode is connected to, for example, ground. The photodiode converts the received light into electric charges. The cathode of the photodiode is connected to the floating diffusion FD via an exposure control circuit (e.g., transfer transistor 1112). The floating diffusion FD is connected to the gate of the amplification transistor 1114 and the source of the reset transistor 1113.

For example, the exposure control circuit is a transfer transistor 1112, and the control terminal TG of the exposure control circuit is a gate of the transfer transistor 1112. When a pulse of an effective level (for example, VPIX level) is transmitted to the gate of the transfer transistor 1112 through the exposure control line, the transfer transistor 1112 is turned on. The transfer transistor 1112 transfers the charge photoelectrically converted by the photodiode to the floating diffusion unit FD.

For example, the drain of the reset transistor 1113 is connected to the pixel power supply VPIX. A source of the reset transistor 113 is connected to the floating diffusion FD. Before the electric charges are transferred from the photodiode to the floating diffusion FD, a pulse of an active reset level is transmitted to the gate of the reset transistor 113 via the reset line, and the reset transistor 113 is turned on. The reset transistor 113 resets the floating diffusion unit FD to the pixel power supply VPIX.

For example, the gate of the amplification transistor 1114 is connected to the floating diffusion FD. The drain of the amplification transistor 1114 is connected to the pixel power supply VPIX. After the floating diffusion FD is reset by the reset transistor 1113, the amplification transistor 1114 outputs a reset level through the output terminal OUT via the selection transistor 1115. After the charge of the photodiode is transferred by the transfer transistor 1112, the amplification transistor 1114 outputs a signal level through the output terminal OUT via the selection transistor 1115.

For example, the drain of the selection transistor 1115 is connected to the source of the amplification transistor 1114. The source of the selection transistor 1115 is connected to the column processing unit 14 in fig. 3 through the output terminal OUT. When a pulse of an effective level is transmitted to the gate of the selection transistor 1115 through a selection line, the selection transistor 1115 is turned on. The signal output from the amplification transistor 1114 is transmitted to the column processing unit 14 through the selection transistor 1115.

It should be noted that the pixel structure of the pixel circuit 111 in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the structure shown in fig. 5. For example, the pixel circuit 111 may also have a three-transistor pixel structure in which the functions of the amplification transistor 1114 and the selection transistor 1115 are performed by one transistor. For example, the exposure control circuit is not limited to the manner of the single transfer transistor 1112, and other electronic devices or structures having a function of controlling the conduction of the control terminal may be used as the exposure control circuit in the embodiment of the present application, and the implementation of the single transfer transistor 1112 in the embodiment of the present application is simple, low-cost, and easy to control.

Fig. 6-8 are schematic diagrams illustrating the arrangement of photosensitive pixels 110 (shown in fig. 4) in the pixel array 11 (shown in fig. 3) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The photosensitive pixels 110 include two types, one being full-color photosensitive pixels W and the other being color photosensitive pixels. The pixel array 11 can be formed by duplicating the minimal repeating unit shown in fig. 6 to 8 in rows and columns a plurality of times. Each minimal repeating unit is composed of a plurality of panchromatic photosensitive pixels W and a plurality of color photosensitive pixels. Each minimal repeating unit includes a plurality of sub-units. Each sub-unit includes a plurality of single-color photosensitive pixels and a plurality of full-color photosensitive pixels W therein.

Specifically, for example, fig. 6 is a schematic layout diagram of the light sensing pixel 110 (shown in fig. 4) in the minimal repeating unit according to an embodiment of the present application. The minimum repeating unit is 4 rows, 4 columns and 16 photosensitive pixels 110, and the sub-unit is 2 rows, 2 columns and 4 photosensitive pixels 110. The arrangement mode is as follows:

w denotes a full-color photosensitive pixel; a denotes a first color-sensitive pixel of the plurality of color-sensitive pixels; b denotes a second color-sensitive pixel of the plurality of color-sensitive pixels; c denotes a third color-sensitive pixel of the plurality of color-sensitive pixels.

For example, as shown in fig. 6, the full-color photosensitive pixels W and the single-color photosensitive pixels are alternately arranged for each sub-unit.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the categories of subunits include three categories. The first-type subunit UA comprises a plurality of full-color photosensitive pixels W and a plurality of first-color photosensitive pixels A; the second-type sub-unit UB includes a plurality of full-color photosensitive pixels W and a plurality of second-color photosensitive pixels B; the third type of sub-unit UC includes a plurality of full-color photosensitive pixels W and a plurality of third-color photosensitive pixels C. Each minimum repeating unit comprises four subunits, namely a first subunit UA, two second subunits UB and a third subunit UC. Wherein, a first sub-unit UA and a third sub-unit UC are arranged in a first diagonal direction D1 (for example, the direction connecting the upper left corner and the lower right corner in fig. 6), and two second sub-units UB are arranged in a second diagonal direction D2 (for example, the direction connecting the upper right corner and the lower left corner in fig. 6). The first diagonal direction D1 is different from the second diagonal direction D2. For example, the first diagonal and the second diagonal are perpendicular.

In other embodiments, the first diagonal direction D1 may be a direction connecting an upper right corner and a lower left corner, and the second diagonal direction D2 may be a direction connecting an upper left corner and a lower right corner. In addition, the "direction" herein is not a single direction, and may be understood as a concept of "straight line" indicating arrangement, and may have a bidirectional direction of both ends of the straight line. The following explanations of the first diagonal direction D1 and the second diagonal direction D2 in fig. 7 and 8 are the same as here.

For another example, fig. 7 is a schematic layout diagram of a light sensing pixel 110 (shown in fig. 4) in a minimal repeating unit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The minimum repeating unit is 6 rows, 6 columns and 36 photosensitive pixels 110, and the sub-unit is 3 rows, 3 columns and 9 photosensitive pixels 110. The arrangement mode is as follows:

For example, as shown in fig. 7, the full-color photosensitive pixels W and the single-color photosensitive pixels are alternately arranged for each sub-unit.

For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the categories of subunits include three categories. The first-type subunit UA comprises a plurality of full-color photosensitive pixels W and a plurality of first-color photosensitive pixels A; the second-type sub-unit UB includes a plurality of full-color photosensitive pixels W and a plurality of second-color photosensitive pixels B; the third type of sub-unit UC includes a plurality of full-color photosensitive pixels W and a plurality of third-color photosensitive pixels C. Each minimum repeating unit comprises four subunits, namely a first subunit UA, two second subunits UB and a third subunit UC. Wherein, a first sub-unit UA and a third sub-unit UC are arranged in a first diagonal direction D1, and two second sub-units UB are arranged in a second diagonal direction D2. The first diagonal direction D1 is different from the second diagonal direction D2. For example, the first diagonal and the second diagonal are perpendicular.

For another example, fig. 8 is a schematic layout diagram of a light sensing pixel 110 (shown in fig. 4) in a minimal repeating unit according to another embodiment of the present application. The minimum repeating unit is 8 rows, 8 columns and 64 photosensitive pixels 110, and the sub-unit is 4 rows, 4 columns and 16 photosensitive pixels 110. The arrangement mode is as follows:

For example, as shown in fig. 8, the full-color photosensitive pixels W and the single-color photosensitive pixels are alternately arranged for each sub-unit.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the categories of subunits include three categories. The first-type subunit UA comprises a plurality of full-color photosensitive pixels W and a plurality of first-color photosensitive pixels A; the second-type sub-unit UB includes a plurality of full-color photosensitive pixels W and a plurality of second-color photosensitive pixels B; the third type of sub-unit UC includes a plurality of full-color photosensitive pixels W and a plurality of third-color photosensitive pixels C. Each minimum repeating unit comprises four subunits, namely a first subunit UA, two second subunits UB and a third subunit UC. Wherein, a first sub-unit UA and a third sub-unit UC are arranged in a first diagonal direction D1, and two second sub-units UB are arranged in a second diagonal direction D2. The first diagonal direction D1 is different from the second diagonal direction D2. For example, the first diagonal and the second diagonal are perpendicular.

For example, as shown in the minimum repeating unit of fig. 6 to 8, the first color-sensitive pixel a may be a red-sensitive pixel R; the second color sensitive pixel B may be a green sensitive pixel G; the third color photosensitive pixel C may be a blue photosensitive pixel Bu.

For example, as shown in the minimum repeating unit of fig. 6 to 8, the first color-sensitive pixel a may be a red-sensitive pixel R; the second color photosensitive pixel B may be a yellow photosensitive pixel Y; the third color photosensitive pixel C may be a blue photosensitive pixel Bu.

For example, as in the minimum repeating unit shown in fig. 6 to 8, the first color-sensitive pixel a may be a magenta-sensitive pixel M; the second color photosensitive pixel B may be a cyan photosensitive pixel Cy; the third color photosensitive pixel C may be a yellow photosensitive pixel Y.

It is noted that in some embodiments, the response band of the full-color photosensitive pixel W may be the visible band (e.g., 400nm-760 nm). For example, an infrared filter is disposed on the panchromatic photosensitive pixel W to filter out infrared light. In other embodiments, the response bands of the panchromatic photosensitive pixel W are in the visible and near infrared (e.g., 400nm-1000nm) bands, matching the response bands of the photoelectric conversion element 1111 (shown in fig. 5) in the image sensor 10 (shown in fig. 3). For example, the full-color photosensitive pixel W may be provided with no filter or a filter through which light of all wavelength bands passes, and the response wavelength band of the full-color photosensitive pixel W is determined by the response wavelength band of the photoelectric conversion element 1111, that is, matched with each other. Embodiments of the present application include, but are not limited to, the above-described band ranges.

For convenience of description, the following embodiments all use the first color photosensitive pixel as the red photosensitive pixel R; the second color photosensitive pixel B is a green photosensitive pixel G; the third color sensitive pixel C is illustrated as a blue sensitive pixel Bu.

Referring to fig. 9, in some embodiments, the processor 20 obtains an original image by exposing the pixel array 11, wherein the original image includes color image pixels and full-color image pixels W. In some embodiments, processor 20 obtains a color image from all color image pixels in the same subunit and obtains a panchromatic image from all panchromatic image pixels in the same subunit.

For example, referring to fig. 9, it is assumed that the original image generated after exposure of the pixel array 11 (shown in fig. 3) includes 16 × 16 image pixels, where the color image pixel P1(1,1), the color image pixel P1(2,2), the panchromatic image pixel P1(1,2), and the panchromatic image pixel P1(2,1) constitute a subunit U1; the color image pixel P1(1,3), the color image pixel P1(2,4), the panchromatic image pixel P1(1,4) and the panchromatic image pixel P1(2,3) constitute a subunit U2; the color image pixel P1(1,5), the color image pixel P1(2,6), the panchromatic image pixel P1(1,6) and the panchromatic image pixel P1(2,5) constitute a subunit U3; color image pixel P1(1,7), color image pixel P1(2,8), panchromatic image pixel P1(1,8) and panchromatic image pixel P1(2,7) constitute a subunit U4, and color image pixel P1(1,9), color image pixel P1(2,10), panchromatic image pixel P1(1,10) and panchromatic image pixel P1(2,11) constitute a subunit U5; the color image pixel P1(1,11), the color image pixel P1(2,12), the panchromatic image pixel P1(1,12) and the panchromatic image pixel P1(2,11) constitute a subunit U6; the color image pixel P1(1,13), the color image pixel P1(2,14), the panchromatic image pixel P1(1,14) and the panchromatic image pixel P1(2,13) constitute a subunit U7; the color image pixel P1(1,15), the color image pixel P1(2,16), the panchromatic image pixel P1(1,16) and the panchromatic image pixel P1(2,15) constitute a subunit U8, and the subunit U1, the subunit U2, the subunit U3, the subunit U4, the subunit U5, the subunit U6, the subunit U7 and the subunit U8 are located in the same row.

Processor 20 sets the average of the pixel values of color image pixel P1(1,1) and color image pixel P1(2,2) in subunit U1 as the pixel value of fused color image pixel P2(1,1), where fused color image pixel P2(1,1) is located on row 1 and column 1 of the color image; subsequently, processor 20 takes the average of the pixel values of color image pixel P1(1,3) and color image pixel P1(2,4) in subunit U2 as the pixel value of fused color image pixel P2(1,2), where fused color image pixel P2(1,2) is located at row 1, column 2 of the color image; subsequently, processor 20 takes the average of the pixel values of color image pixel P1(1,5) and color image pixel P1(2,6) in subunit U3 as the pixel value of fused color image pixel P2(1,3), where fused color image pixel P2(1,3) is located at row 1, column 3 of the color image; subsequently, processor 20 takes the average of the pixel values of color image pixel P1(1,7) and color image pixel P1(2,8) in subunit U4 as the pixel value of fused color image pixel P2(1,4), where fused color image pixel P2(1,4) is located at row 1, column 4 of the color image; subsequently, processor 20 takes the average of the pixel values of color image pixel P1(1,9) and color image pixel P1(2,10) in subunit U5 as the pixel value of fused color image pixel P2(1,5), where fused color image pixel P2(1,5) is located at row 1, column 5 of the color image; subsequently, processor 20 takes the average of the pixel values of color image pixel P1(1,11) and color image pixel P1(2,12) in subunit U6 as the pixel value of fused color image pixel P2(1,6), where fused color image pixel P2(1,6) is located at row 1, column 6 of the color image; subsequently, processor 20 takes the average of the pixel values of color image pixel P1(1,13) and color image pixel P1(2,14) in subunit U7 as the pixel value of fused color image pixel P2(1,7), where fused color image pixel P2(1,7) is located at row 1, column 7 of the color image; subsequently, processor 20 takes the average of the pixel values of color image pixel P1(1,15) and color image pixel P1(2,16) in subunit U8 as the pixel value of fused color image pixel P2(1,8), where fused color image pixel P2(1,8) is located at row 1 and column 8 of the color image. To this end, the processor 20 has fused the color image pixels of the sub-units in the first row of the original image. Subsequently, the processor 20 fuses the color image pixels corresponding to the sub-units in the second row to obtain corresponding fused color image pixels, and a specific manner in which the color image pixels corresponding to the sub-units in the second row are fused to obtain corresponding fused color image pixels is the same as a specific manner in which the color image pixels corresponding to the sub-units in the first row are fused to obtain corresponding fused color image pixels, which is not described herein again. And so on until the processor 20 completes the fusion of the color image pixels of all the subunits in the original image. In this way, all color image pixels within the same sub-unit are fused to obtain fused color image pixels, and a plurality of fused color image pixels are arranged to form a color image. The color image pixels in the color image are arranged in a bayer array. Of course, the processor 20 may also average the color image pixels in the sub-units to obtain a plurality of merged color image pixels, and then arrange the plurality of merged color image pixels to generate a color image, which is not limited herein.

Since the fused color image pixels in the color image are obtained by averaging all color image pixels in the same sub-unit in the original image, that is, the average value of all color image pixels in the same sub-unit in the original image is used as the fused color image pixels in the color image, the obtained color image has a larger dynamic range than the original image, and thus the dynamic range of the color image obtained by performing subsequent processing on the color image can be expanded.

Similarly, referring to FIG. 9, processor 20 obtains a full color image from all full color image pixels in the same subunit. The specific embodiment of processor 20 obtaining a full-color image according to all full-color image pixels in the same subunit is the same as the specific embodiment of processor 20 obtaining a color image according to all color image pixels in the same subunit, and is not described herein again.

Referring to fig. 10, after the color image and the full-color image are obtained, the processor 20 performs separation processing on the first color image pixel a, the second color image pixel B, and the third color image pixel C in the color image to obtain a first color initial image, a second color initial image, and a third color initial image. The image pixels in the first color initial image comprise first color image pixels A and empty pixels N; the image pixels in the second color initial image comprise second color image pixels B and empty pixels N; the image pixels in the third color initial image include third color image pixels C and null pixels N.

Taking the first color initial image as an example, after the processor 20 acquires the color image again, the processor 20 extracts the first color image pixel a in the color image and sets the extracted first color image pixel a at the corresponding position of the first color initial image. For example, as shown in fig. 10, processor 20 extracts that first color image pixel a is located at row 1, column 1 of the color image, then processor 20 places this first color image pixel a at row 1, column 1 of the first color initial image, then processor 20 extracts the next first color image pixel a in the color image, and repeats the above steps until all first color image pixels a in the color image have been extracted once. Processor 20 again sets no first color image pixels a in the first color initial image as null pixels N. It should be noted that the empty pixel N (null) is neither a panchromatic pixel nor a color pixel, and the location of the empty pixel N in the initial image of the first color may be regarded as having no pixel at that location, or the pixel value of the empty pixel N may be regarded as zero. The embodiment of the processor 20 for acquiring the second color initial image and the third color initial image is the same as the embodiment for acquiring the first color initial image, and thus, the description is not repeated.

Referring to fig. 11, after obtaining the first color initial image, the second color initial image and the third color initial image, the processor 20 performs image processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully-arranged second color intermediate image.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 12, in some embodiments, the image processing of the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain the second color intermediate image includes:

031: if the image pixel D0 to be updated is the second color image pixel B, the original pixel value of the second color image pixel B is used as the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 after the image pixel D0 to be updated is updated;

032: if the position corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated in the first color initial image is the first color image pixel A, performing interpolation processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image to obtain the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 updated by the image pixel D0 to be updated;

033: if the position in the third color initial image corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated is the third color image pixel C, the second color initial image is interpolated according to the third color initial image to obtain the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 updated by the image pixel D0 to be updated.

Referring to fig. 2 and 12, step 031, step 032 and step 033 may be implemented by the processor 20. That is, if the image pixel D0 to be updated is the second color image pixel B, the processor 20 is further configured to use the original pixel value of the second color image pixel B as the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 updated by the image pixel D0 to be updated; if the position corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated in the first color initial image is the first color image pixel A, performing interpolation processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image to obtain the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 updated by the image pixel D0 to be updated; and if the position corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated in the third color initial image is the third color image pixel C, performing interpolation processing on the second color initial image according to the third color initial image to obtain the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 updated by the image pixel D0 to be updated.

In some embodiments, the processor 20 extracts any one of the image pixels in the initial image of the second color as the image pixel D0 to be updated, and the processor 20 determines whether the image pixel D0 to be updated is the image pixel B of the second color, and if the image pixel D0 to be updated is the image pixel B of the second color, the original pixel value of the image pixel B of the second color is taken as the pixel value of the updated intermediate image pixel B' 0 of the second color of the image pixel D0 to be updated. For example, as shown in fig. 13, the image pixel D0 to be updated located at row 3 and column 2 of the second color initial image is the second color image pixel B, and the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 updated by the image pixel D0 to be updated is equal to the original pixel value of the second color image pixel B.

If the image pixel D0 to be updated is not the second color image pixel B, that is, if the image pixel D0 to be updated is the empty pixel N, it is determined whether the image pixel at the position corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated in the first color initial image is the first color image pixel a, and if the image pixel at the position corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated in the first color initial image is the first color image pixel a, the second color initial image is interpolated according to the first color initial image to obtain the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 updated by the image pixel D0 to be updated. For example, as shown in fig. 14, if the image pixel D0 to be updated located in the 5 th row and the 5 th column of the second color initial image is a null pixel N, and the image pixel located in the 5 th row and the 5 th column of the first color initial image is a first color image pixel a, the second color initial image is interpolated according to the first color initial image to obtain the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 updated by the image pixel D0 to be updated. After the processor 20 obtains the pixel value of the updated second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0 of the image pixel D0 to be updated, the processor 20 further extracts another image pixel in the second color initial image as the image pixel D0 to be updated, and repeats the above steps until all image pixels in the second color initial image are extracted, that is, repeats the above steps until the pixel value of the updated second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0 of all image pixels in the second color initial image is obtained, so as to obtain the second color intermediate image including only the second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0.

Of course, the processor 20 may also extract the image pixels in the second color initial image in a certain sequence, for example, the processor 20 extracts the first image pixel located at the upper left corner of the second color initial image for processing, and then extracts the next image pixel for processing, and processes the next line of image pixels of the second color initial image after processing the line of image pixels, which is not limited herein. The following description of the embodiment of the processor 20 for extracting the second color intermediate image pixels in the second color intermediate image is the same as the embodiment of the processor 20 for extracting the image pixels in the second color initial image, and is not repeated herein.

In some embodiments, the pixel value of the updated second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 of the image pixel D0 to be updated may be treated with the first color initial image using the color difference constancy theory. For example, referring to fig. 12 and fig. 15, a first color image pixel a in a position corresponding to an image pixel D0 to be updated in the first color initial image is defined as a mapped first color image pixel a 0. The interpolation processing is performed on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image to obtain the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 updated by the image pixel D0 to be updated, and the interpolation processing includes:

0321: calculating a first difference value E1 in the first direction H1 and a second difference value E2 in the second direction H2 corresponding to each image pixel in the second color initial image according to the pixel value of the image pixel in the second color initial image and the pixel value of the image pixel in the first color initial image;

0322: calculating a first direction difference value V1 corresponding to each of the image pixels of the second color initial images from first difference values E1 corresponding to two image pixels adjacent in the first direction H1 of the image pixel, and calculating a second direction difference value V2 corresponding to each of the image pixels of the second color initial images from second difference values E2 corresponding to two image pixels adjacent in the second direction H2 of the image pixel;

0323: calculating a first weight value g1, a second weight value g2, a third weight value g3 and a fourth weight value g4 according to the first direction difference value V1 of the image pixel D0 to be updated, the second direction difference value V2 of the image pixel D0 to be updated and the first direction difference value V1 and the second direction difference value V2 of the surrounding image pixels;

0324: calculating according to a first direction difference value V1 of the image pixel D0 to be updated, a second direction difference value V2 of the image pixel D0 to be updated, a first direction difference value V1 of four image pixels adjacent to a first side of the image pixel D0 to be updated in the first direction H1, a first direction difference value V1 of four image pixels adjacent to a second side of the image pixel D0 to be updated in the first direction H1, a second direction difference value V2 of four image pixels adjacent to a first side of the image pixel D0 to be updated in the second direction H2, a second direction difference value V2 of four image pixels adjacent to a second side of the image pixel D0 to be updated in the second direction H2, a first weight g1, a second weight g2, a third weight g3, and a fourth weight g4 to obtain a total difference value K; and

0325: the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated is obtained from the mapped first color image pixel a0 and the total difference value K corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated.

Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 15, step 0321, step 0322, step 0323, step 0324 and step 0325 can be implemented by processor 20. That is, the processor 20 is further configured to calculate a first difference E1 in the first direction H1 and a second difference E2 in the second direction H2 corresponding to each image pixel in the primary image of the second color according to the pixel value of the image pixel in the primary image of the second color and the pixel value of the image pixel in the primary image of the first color; calculating a first direction difference value V1 corresponding to each of the image pixels of the second color initial images from first difference values E1 corresponding to two image pixels adjacent in the first direction H1 of the image pixel, and calculating a second direction difference value V2 corresponding to each of the image pixels of the second color initial images from second difference values E2 corresponding to two image pixels adjacent in the second direction H2 of the image pixel; calculating a first weight value g1, a second weight value g2, a third weight value g3 and a fourth weight value g4 according to the first direction difference value V1 of the image pixel D0 to be updated, the second direction difference value V2 of the image pixel D0 to be updated and the first direction difference value V1 and the second direction difference value V2 of the surrounding image pixels; calculating according to a first direction difference value V1 of the image pixel D0 to be updated, a second direction difference value V2 of the image pixel D0 to be updated, a first direction difference value V1 of four image pixels adjacent to a first side of the image pixel D0 to be updated in the first direction H1, a first direction difference value V1 of four image pixels adjacent to a second side of the image pixel D0 to be updated in the first direction H1, a second direction difference value V2 of four image pixels adjacent to a first side of the image pixel D0 to be updated in the second direction H2, a second direction difference value V2 of four image pixels adjacent to a second side of the image pixel D0 to be updated in the second direction H2, a first weight g1, a second weight g2, a third weight g3, and a fourth weight g4 to obtain a total difference value K; and acquiring the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated according to the mapped first color image pixel A0 and the total difference value K corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated.

The processor 20 calculates a first difference E1 in the first direction H1 and a second difference E2 in the second direction H2 for each image pixel in the second color initial image according to the pixel value of the image pixel in the second color initial image and the pixel value of the image pixel in the first color initial image. Note that the first direction H1 and the second direction H2 are perpendicular, and for the sake of convenience, the following embodiments will be described with the first direction H1 being a column direction parallel to image pixels and the second direction H2 being a row direction parallel to image pixels. For example, assuming that the image pixel to be calculated is located in the ith row and jth column of the second color initial image, the corresponding first difference value E1 can be obtained by calculating the formula E1(i, j) ═ B_(i,j-1)+B_(i,j+1))/2+(2×A_(i,j)-A_(i,j-2)-A_(i,j+2))/4-A_(i,j)]And (4) obtaining. Wherein, B_(i,j-1)Representing the pixel value, B, of the image pixel located in the ith row, j-1 column of the initial image of the second color_(i,j+1)Representing the pixel value, A, of the image pixel located in the ith row, j +1 column of the initial image of the second color_(i,j)Representing the pixel value, A, of an image pixel located in the ith row and jth column of the initial image of the first color_(i,j-2)Representing the pixel values of the image pixels located in the ith row, the jth column and the 2 nd column of the initial image of the first color, and A_(i,j+2)Representing the pixel values of the image pixels located in the ith row and the j +2 th column of the first color initial image. That is, the average of the differences of twice the pixel values of the image pixels corresponding to the image pixels to be calculated on the first-color original image and the pixel values of the image pixels spaced apart therefrom on both sides in the first direction H1 is added to the average of the sums of the pixel values of the image pixels to be calculated on both sides in the first direction H1, and the pixel values of the image pixels corresponding to the image pixels to be calculated on the first-color original image are subtracted to obtain the first difference value E1. The second difference E2 of the image pixel to be calculated may be calculated by calculating the formula E2(i, j) ═ B_(i-1,j)+B_(i+1,j))/2+(2×A_(i,j)-A_(i-2,j)-A_(i+2,j))/4-A_(i,j)]And (4) obtaining. Wherein, B_(i-1,j)Representing the pixel value, B, of an image pixel located in line i-1 and column j of the initial image of the second color_(i+1,j)Representing the pixel value, A, of an image pixel located in row i +1 and column j of the initial image of the second color_(i,j)Representing the pixel value, A, of an image pixel located in the ith row and jth column of the initial image of the first color_(i-2,j)Representing the pixel values of the image pixels located in the ith-2 nd row and jth column of the initial image of the first color, and A_(i+2,j)Representing the pixel values of the image pixels located in row i +2 and column j of the initial image of the first color. That is, the average of the differences between twice the pixel values of the image pixels corresponding to the image pixels to be calculated on the first-color original image and the pixel values of the image pixels spaced at both sides thereof in the second direction H2 is added to the average of the sums of the pixel values of the image pixels to be calculated on both sides of the second direction H2, and the pixel values of the image pixels corresponding to the image pixels to be calculated on the first-color original image are subtracted to obtain the second difference value E2. For example, referring to fig. 14, the image pixel to be calculated is located at the 5 th row and the 5 th column of the initial image of the second color, i.e. the first difference E1 and the second difference E2 of the image pixel located at the 5 th row and the 5 th column need to be calculated. The first difference E1 corresponding to the image pixel to be calculated can be calculated by the formula E1(5,5) [ (B)_(5,4)+B_(5,6))/2+(2×A_(5,5)-A_(5,3)-A_(5,7))/4-A_(5,5)]And (4) obtaining. The second difference E2 can be calculated by the formula E2(5,5) [ (B)_(4,5)+B_(6,5))/2+(2×A_(5,5)-A_(3,5)-A_(7,5))/4-A_(5,5)]And (4) obtaining.

After obtaining the first difference E1 and the second difference E2 corresponding to each image pixel in the second color initial image, the processor 20 calculates a first direction difference V1 corresponding to each image pixel in the second color initial image according to the first difference E1 corresponding to two image pixels adjacent to each image pixel in the first direction H1, and calculates a second direction difference V2 corresponding to each image pixel in the second color initial image according to the second difference E2 corresponding to two image pixels adjacent to each image pixel in the second direction H2. For example, assuming that the image pixel to be calculated is located at the ith row and the jth column of the second color initial image, the corresponding first direction difference value V1 can be calculated by the formula V1(i, j) ═ E1(i, j-1) -E1(i, j +1) |, where E1(i, j-1) represents the first difference value E1 corresponding to the image pixel located at the ith row and the jth column on the second color initial image, and E1(i, j +1) represents the first difference value E1 corresponding to the image pixel located at the ith row and the jth +1 column on the second color initial image. That is, the first direction difference value V1 of the image pixel to be calculated is equal to the absolute value of the first difference value E1 difference corresponding to two image pixels adjacent to the image pixel to be calculated in the first direction H1. The second direction difference V2 corresponding to the image pixel to be calculated can be calculated by the formula V2(i, j) ═ E2(i-1, j) -E2(i +1, j) |, where E2(i +1, j) represents the second difference E2 corresponding to the image pixel located at the j-th column of the i +1 th row on the second color initial image, and E1(i, j +1) represents the second difference E2 corresponding to the image pixel located at the j +1 th row on the second color initial image. That is, the second direction difference value V2 of the image pixel to be calculated is equal to the absolute value of the second difference value E2 difference corresponding to two image pixels adjacent to the image pixel to be calculated in the second direction H2.

After acquiring the first direction difference V1 and the second direction difference V2 of the image pixel in the second color initial image, the processor 20 calculates a first weight value g1, a second weight value g2, a third weight value g3, and a fourth weight value g4 according to the first direction difference V1 of the image pixel D0 to be updated, the second direction difference V2 of the image pixel D0 to be updated, and the first direction difference V1 and the second direction difference V2 of the image pixels around the image pixel. For example, the first weight value g1 may be calculated by a calculation formula

Summing up second direction difference values V2 corresponding to image pixels which are positioned in four columns on the left side of the image pixel D0 to be updated and positioned in two rows on the upper side of the image pixel D0 to be updated and two rows on the upper side of the image pixel D0 to obtain a first weight value g1 by dividing 1 by the square of the result; the second weight value g2 can be calculated by a calculation formula

I.e. four columns to the right of the image pixel D0 to be updated and in the image to be updatedSumming the second direction difference values V2 corresponding to the two rows above the pixel D0 and the image pixels within the two rows above the image pixel D0 to be updated, and dividing the sum by 1 to the square of the result to obtain a second weight value g 2; the third weight value g3 can be calculated by a formula

Summing the first direction difference values V1 corresponding to image pixels which are located in four rows below the image pixel D0 to be updated and located in two columns at the left side of the image pixel D0 to be updated and located in two rows at the right side of the image pixel D0 to be updated, and dividing the sum by 1 to the square of the result to obtain a third weight value g 3; and the fourth weight value g4 can be calculated by a formula

That is, the first direction difference V1 corresponding to image pixels located in four rows above the image pixel D0 to be updated and located in two columns at the left side of the image pixel D0 to be updated and located in two columns at the right side of the image pixel D0 to be updated is summed, and then divided by 1 by the square of the result to obtain the fourth weight value g 4.

After the processor 20 obtains the first weight value g1, the second weight value g2, the third weight value g3 and the fourth weight value g4 of the image to be updated, the processor 20 determines, according to the first direction difference V1 of the image pixel D0 to be updated, the second direction difference V2 of the image pixel D0 to be updated, the first direction difference V1 of the four image pixels adjacent to the first side of the image pixel D0 to be updated in the first direction H1, the first direction difference V1 of the four image pixels adjacent to the second side of the image pixel D0 to be updated in the first direction H1, the second direction difference V2 of the four image pixels adjacent to the first side of the image pixel D0 to be updated in the second direction H2, the second direction difference V2, the second direction difference V6862, the third weight value g 8653 of the four image pixels adjacent to the second side of the image pixel D0 to be updated in the second direction H2, the second direction V6862, the third weight value g 8653 and the fourth weight value g 828653, calculated to obtain the total difference K. Illustratively, the first weight matrix S1 is formed by arranging the second difference values E2 of the image pixel D0 to be updated and the 4 image pixels adjacent to the lower side thereofA second weight matrix S2 is formed by arranging the second difference values E2 of the image pixel D0 to be updated and the upper adjacent 4 image pixels thereof, a third weight matrix S3 is formed by arranging the first difference values E1 of the image pixel D0 to be updated and the left adjacent 4 image pixels thereof, and a fourth weight matrix S4 is formed by arranging the first difference values E1 of the image pixel D0 to be updated and the right adjacent 4 image pixels thereof, and the total difference value K may be calculated by a formula K ═ g1 × f × S1+ g2 × f × S2+ g3 × f ' × S3+ g4 × f ' × S4)/(g1+ g3+ g4), where f represents a preset matrix and f ' represents a transpose of the preset matrix, and in some embodiments, the preset matrix f [11111 ═ f ═]/5. For example, referring to FIG. 14, assuming that the image pixel D0 to be updated is located at the 5 th row and the 5 th column of the initial image of the second color, the first weight matrix

Second weight matrix

The third weight matrix S3 ═ E1(5,1) E1(5,2) E1(5,3) E1(5,4) E1(5,5)](ii) a The fourth weight matrix S4 ═ E1(5,5) E1(5,6) E1(5,7) E1(5,8) E1(5,9)]Total difference value

After obtaining the total difference K, the processor 20 obtains a pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated according to the mapped first color image pixel a0 and the total difference K corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated. Illustratively, the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated is equal to the sum of the first color image pixel a0 according to the mapping and the total difference value K corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated. Of course, in some embodiments, other interpolation manners may also be adopted to obtain the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 corresponding to the to-be-processed image pixel D0, which is not illustrated here.

If the image pixel D0 to be updated is not the second color image pixel B, that is, if the image pixel D0 to be updated is a null pixel N, and the image pixel at the position corresponding to the image pixel D0 to be updated in the third color initial image is the third image pixel C, the second color initial image is interpolated according to the third color initial image to obtain the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 updated by the image pixel D0 to be updated. For example, as shown in fig. 16, if the image pixel D0 to be updated located in the 2 nd row and 2 nd column of the second color initial image is a null pixel N, and the image pixel located in the 2 nd row and 2 nd column of the third color initial image is a third color image pixel C, the second color initial image is interpolated according to the third color initial image to obtain the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 updated by the image pixel D0 to be updated. The specific implementation method for performing interpolation processing on the second color initial image according to the third color initial image is the same as the specific implementation method for performing interpolation processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not repeated here.

After obtaining the second color intermediate image, the processor 20 processes the second color intermediate image from the panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image. In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 1 and 17, step 04: processing the second color intermediate image from the panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image, comprising:

041: if the panchromatic image pixel W0 corresponding to the second-color intermediate image pixel B '0 to be updated in the second-color intermediate image in the panchromatic image is overexposed, taking the original pixel value of the second-color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated as the pixel value of the updated second-color target image pixel B "0; and

042: if the panchromatic image pixel W0 in the panchromatic image corresponding to the second-color intermediate image pixel B '0 to be updated in the second-color intermediate image is not overexposed, the pixel value of the second-color target image pixel B ″ 0 after the update of the second-color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated is calculated from the panchromatic image and the second-color intermediate image.

Please refer to fig. 2 and 17, wherein step 041 and step 042 can be executed by the processor 20. That is, the processor 20 is further configured to: if the panchromatic image pixel W0 corresponding to the second-color intermediate image pixel B '0 to be updated in the second-color intermediate image in the panchromatic image is overexposed, taking the original pixel value of the second-color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated as the pixel value of the updated second-color target image pixel B "0; if the panchromatic image pixel W0 in the panchromatic image corresponding to the second-color intermediate image pixel B '0 to be updated in the second-color intermediate image is not overexposed, the pixel value of the second-color target image pixel B ″ 0 after the update of the second-color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated is calculated from the panchromatic image and the second-color intermediate image.

In some embodiments, the processor 20 arbitrarily extracts any one of the second color intermediate image pixels B 'in the second color intermediate image as the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated, the processor 20 first determines whether the panchromatic image pixel W0 corresponding to the second color intermediate image pixel B '0 to be updated in the second color intermediate image in the panchromatic image is overexposed, and if the corresponding panchromatic image pixel W0 is overexposed, directly takes the original pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated as the pixel value of the updated second color target image pixel B "0; if the corresponding panchromatic image pixel W0 is not overexposed, the pixel value of the second color target image pixel B ″ 0 after the update of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated is calculated from the panchromatic image and the second color intermediate image. Subsequently, the processor 20 extracts the next second color intermediate image pixel B ' in the second color intermediate image to be processed as the second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0 to be updated, and loops the above steps until all second color intermediate image pixels B ' in the second color intermediate image are processed, so as to obtain the second color target image.

Specifically, the processor 20 first determines whether the panchromatic image pixel W0 in the panchromatic image corresponding to the second-color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated in the second-color intermediate image is overexposed. For example, referring to fig. 18, if the pixel B' 0 of the second color intermediate image to be updated is located in the 3 rd row and the 4 th column of the second color intermediate image, it is determined whether the pixel value of the panchromatic pixel W0 located in the 3 rd row and the 4 th column of the panchromatic image is greater than a preset value, and if the pixel value of the panchromatic pixel W0 is greater than the preset value, the panchromatic pixel W0 is considered to be overexposed; if the pixel value of the panchromatic pixel W0 is less than the preset value, the panchromatic pixel W0 can be considered as not being overexposed, and if the pixel value of the panchromatic pixel W0 is equal to the preset value, the panchromatic pixel W0 can be considered as being overexposed and the panchromatic pixel W0 can be considered as not being overexposed. Of course, in other embodiments, it can be determined whether the full-color image pixel W0 corresponding to the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated in the second color intermediate image is over-exposed in other manners, which is not illustrated here.

If the panchromatic image pixel W0 corresponding to the second-color intermediate image pixel B '0 to be updated in the second-color intermediate image in the panchromatic image is overexposed, the original pixel value of the second-color intermediate image pixel B' 0 is directly used as the pixel value of the second-color target image pixel B ″ 0 after the second-color intermediate image pixel to be updated is updated. For example, with continued reference to fig. 18, the image pixel corresponding to the second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0 to be updated is located in the 3 rd row and 4 th column of the second color intermediate image, and the panchromatic pixel W0 located in the 3 rd row and 4 th column of the panchromatic image is overexposed, then the pixel value of the second color target image pixel B ' 0 located in the 3 rd row and 4 th column of the second color intermediate image is taken as the pixel value of the updated second color target image pixel B "0, and the second color target image pixel B" 0 is located in the 3 rd row and 4 th column of the second color target image, i.e. the pixel value of the second color target image pixel B "0 located in the 3 rd row and 4 th column of the second color target image is equal to the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0 located in the 3 rd row and 4 th column of the second color intermediate image.

If the panchromatic image pixel W0 in the panchromatic image corresponding to the second-color intermediate image pixel B '0 to be updated in the second-color intermediate image is not overexposed, the pixel value of the second-color target image pixel B ″ 0 after the update of the second-color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated is calculated from the panchromatic image and the second-color intermediate image. For example, referring to fig. 17 and 19, in some embodiments, calculating the pixel value of the second color target image pixel B "0 after the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated is updated according to the full-color image and the second color intermediate image includes:

0421: selecting a first window C1 in the second color intermediate image centered on the second color intermediate image pixel B '0 to be updated and a second window C2 in the panchromatic image corresponding to the first window C1, the panchromatic image pixel W0 at the center of the second window C2 corresponding to the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated and defined as a mapped panchromatic image pixel W0;

0422: acquiring a first matrix I1 according to the first window C1, wherein values of positions, corresponding to the second color intermediate image pixels B' in the first matrix I1, of the first window C1 are recorded as preset values;

0423: acquiring a second matrix I2 according to the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0, the pixel values of all panchromatic image pixels W in the second window C2, the first matrix I1 and a preset weight function F (x); and

0424: and acquiring the pixel value of the second color target image pixel B ' 0 after the second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0 to be updated is updated according to the mapped pixel value of the panchromatic image pixel W0, the pixel values of all the second color intermediate image pixels B ' in the first window C1, the pixel values of all the panchromatic image pixels W in the second window C2 and the second matrix I2.

Referring to fig. 2 and 19, step 0421, step 0422, step 0423, and step 0424 may be implemented by processor 20. That is, the processor 20 further selects a first window C1 centered on the second-color intermediate image pixel B '0 to be updated in the second-color intermediate image, and selects a second window C2 corresponding to the first window C1 in the panchromatic image, the panchromatic image pixel W0 at the center of the second window C2 corresponding to the second-color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated and defined as a mapped panchromatic image pixel W0; acquiring a first matrix I1 according to the first window C1, wherein values of positions, corresponding to the second color intermediate image pixels B' in the first matrix I1, of the first window C1 are recorded as preset values; acquiring a second matrix I2 according to the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0, the pixel values of all panchromatic image pixels W in the second window C2, the first matrix I1 and a preset weight function F (x); and acquiring the pixel value of the second color target image pixel B ' 0 updated by the second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0 to be updated according to the mapped pixel value of the panchromatic image pixel W0, the pixel values of all the second color intermediate image pixels B ' in the first window C1, the pixel values of all the panchromatic image pixels W in the second window C2 and the second matrix I2

Referring to fig. 18, if the panchromatic image pixel W0 corresponding to the second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0 to be updated in the second color intermediate image in the panchromatic image is not over-exposed, the processor 20 selects a first window C1 centering on the second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0 to be updated in the second color intermediate image, and selects a second window C2 corresponding to the first window C1 in the panchromatic image, and the panchromatic image pixel W at the center of the second window C2 corresponds to the second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0 to be updated and is defined as the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0. For example, the second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0 to be updated is located at the 3 rd row and 4 th column in the second color initial image, the panchromatic image pixel W corresponding to the second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0 to be updated is located at the 3 rd row and 4 th column in the panchromatic image, i.e., the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0 is located at the 3 rd row and 4 th column in the panchromatic image, and the second color intermediate image pixel B ' 0 to be updated is located at the center position of the first window C1, and the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0 is located at the center position of the second window C2.

The first window C1 and the second window C2 are virtual computing windows and do not have an actual structure; in some embodiments, the image pixels in the first window C1 and the second window C2 are arranged in M × M, M is an odd number, for example, M may be 3, 5,7, 9, etc., and the corresponding first window C1 and the corresponding second window C2 may be 3 × 3, 5 × 5,7, or 9 × 9, etc., without limitation. For convenience of description, the following embodiments are described with the first window C1 and the second window C2 both being 5 × 5 in size.

After processor 20 sets first window C1 in the secondary color primary image and second window C2 in the full color image, processor 20 obtains first matrix I1 in accordance with first window C1. The values of the positions corresponding to the second color intermediate image pixel B' in the first matrix I1 and the first window C1 are all recorded as preset values. As shown in fig. 20, the processor 20 maps the array arrangement of image pixels in the first window C1 to the array arrangement of the first matrix I1, i.e. the number of rows of elements in the first matrix I1 is the same as the number of rows of image pixels in the first window C1, and the number of columns of elements in the first matrix I1 is the same as the number of columns of image pixels in the first window C1, and any one second color intermediate image pixel in the first window C1 has one element in the first matrix I1 corresponding to it. The values of the positions in the first matrix I1 corresponding to the second color intermediate image pixel B' in the first window C1 are all recorded as preset values, that is, all the elements in the first matrix I1 are preset values. In some embodiments, the predetermined value is 1, that is, all elements in the first matrix I1 are 1. For example, if there are 5 × 5 second color intermediate image pixels in the first window C1, the first matrix I1 is also a 5 × 5 matrix array. In the first matrix I1, the values of the elements X11, X12, X13, X14, X15, X21, X22, X23, X24, X25, X31, X32, X33, X34, X35, X41, X42, X43, X44, X45, X51, X52, X53, X54, and X55 are marked as 1, thereby obtaining a first matrix I1.

Referring to fig. 19 and 21, in some embodiments, step 0423: obtaining a second matrix I2 according to the mapped pixel values of the panchromatic image pixel W0, the pixel values of all the panchromatic image pixels W in the second window C2, the first matrix I1 and a preset weight function f (x), including:

04231: mapping the matrix arrangement of the full-color image pixels W in the second window C2 to an array arrangement of a second matrix I2;

04232: acquiring a deviation value L1 of a position corresponding to each panchromatic image pixel W in the second matrix I2 according to the pixel value of each panchromatic image pixel W in the second window C2 and the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0; and

04233: and acquiring the value of the corresponding position in the second matrix I2 according to the deviation value L1, the preset function F (x) and the value of the same position in the first matrix I1.

Referring to fig. 2 and 21, step 04231, step 04232, and step 04233 can be implemented by processor 20. That is, the processor 20 is further configured to map the matrix arrangement of the panchromatic image pixels W in the second window C2 to the array arrangement of the second matrix I2; acquiring a deviation value L1 of a position corresponding to each panchromatic image pixel W in the second matrix I2 according to the pixel value of each panchromatic image pixel W in the second window C2 and the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0; and acquiring the value of the corresponding position in the second matrix I2 according to the deviation value L1, the preset function F (x) and the value of the same position in the first matrix I1.

After processor 20 acquires first matrix I1, processor 20 maps the array arrangement of panchromatic image pixels W in second window C2 to the array arrangement of second matrix I2. That is, the number of rows of elements in the second matrix I2 is the same as the number of rows of image pixels in the second window C2, and the number of columns of elements in the second matrix I2 is the same as the number of columns of image pixels in the second window C2, and any panchromatic image pixel W in the second window C2 has one element corresponding to it in the second matrix I2.

The processor 20 obtains a deviation value L1 of a position corresponding to each panchromatic image pixel W in the second matrix I2 according to the pixel value of the panchromatic image pixel W in the second window C2 and the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0. Specifically, the deviation value L1 of the position in the second matrix I2 corresponding to the panchromatic image pixel W in the second window C2 is equal to the pixel value of the panchromatic image pixel W minus the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0. For example, the offset value L1(1,2) corresponding to the 1 st row and 2 nd column of the second matrix I2 is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the pixel value of the panchromatic image pixel W (1,2) arranged in the 1 st row and 2 nd column of the panchromatic image and the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0.

After the processor 20 obtains the deviation value L1 corresponding to all the positions in the second matrix I2, the processor 20 obtains the value of the corresponding position in the second matrix I2 according to the deviation value L1, the preset function f (x), and the value of the same position in the first matrix I1. Specifically, after the deviation value L1 corresponding to the position to be calculated in the second matrix I2 is substituted into a preset function F (x) to be calculated to obtain a first result F (L1), the first result F (L1) is multiplied by the value of the same position in the first matrix I1 to obtain the value of the corresponding position in the second matrix I2. For example, referring to fig. 22, assuming that the value of the 1 st row and 2 nd column position Y12 of the second matrix I2 is to be calculated, first, the deviation value L1(1,2) corresponding to the 1 st row and 2 nd column position of the second matrix I2 is substituted into the preset function F (X) to calculate to obtain the first result F (L1(1,2)), and then the value of the position corresponding to Y12 in the first matrix I1, that is, the value of X12 located in the 1 st row and 2 nd column of the first matrix I1 is obtained. The value of the row 1, column 2 position Y12 of the second matrix I2 is equal to the value of the first result F (L1(1,2)) multiplied by the value of X12 in the first matrix I1. It should be noted that the preset function f (x) may be an exponential function, a logarithmic function, or a power function, and it is only required to satisfy that the smaller the input value is, the larger the output weight is, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

Referring to fig. 19 and 23, in some embodiments, step 0424: acquiring the pixel value of the second color target image pixel B "0 updated by the second color intermediate image pixel B '0 to be updated according to the mapped pixel value of the panchromatic image pixel W0, the pixel values of all the second color intermediate image pixels B' in the first window C1, the pixel values of all the panchromatic image pixels W in the second window C2 and the second matrix I2, and the method comprises the following steps:

04241: calculating a first weight value M1 from a first window matrix N1 and a second matrix I2 formed of pixel values of all second-color intermediate image pixels B' in the first window C1, and a second weight value M2 from a second window matrix N2 and a second matrix I2 formed of pixel values of all panchromatic image pixels W in the second window C2; and

04242: and acquiring the pixel value of the second color target image pixel B '0 after the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated is updated according to the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0, the first weighting value M1 and the second weighting value M2.

Referring to fig. 2 and 23, step 04241 and step 04242 can be implemented by processor 20. That is, the processor 20 is further configured to calculate a first weighting value M1 from a first window matrix N1 and a second matrix I2 formed by pixel values of all second color intermediate image pixels B' in the first window C1, and calculate a second weighting value M2 from a second window matrix N2 and a second matrix I2 formed by pixel values of all panchromatic image pixels W in the second window C2; and acquiring the pixel value of the second color target image pixel B '0 after the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated is updated according to the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0, the first weighting value M1 and the second weighting value M2.

After acquiring the second matrix I2, the processor 20 forms a first window matrix N1 from the pixel values of all second color intermediate image pixels B' in the first window C1 and forms a second window matrix N2 from the pixel values of all full-color image pixels W in the second window C2. It should be noted that the value of any position in the first window matrix N1 is the same as the pixel value of the second-color intermediate image pixel B' at the corresponding position in the first window C1, and the value of any position in the second window matrix N2 is the same as the pixel value of the panchromatic image pixel W at the corresponding position in the second window C2.

The processor 20 calculates the first weighting values M1 according to the first window matrix N1 and the second matrix I2. For example, the first weighting value M1 may be obtained by calculating formula M1 ═ sum (sum (H1 × I2)). That is, the pixel value of each second color intermediate image pixel B' in the first window C1 is multiplied by the value of the corresponding position in the second matrix I2 to obtain a plurality of new pixel values, and the new pixel values are added to obtain the first weighting value M1. The second weight value M2 may be obtained by calculating formula M2 ═ sum (sum (H2 × I2)). That is, the pixel value of each panchromatic image pixel W in the second window C1 is multiplied by the value of the corresponding position in the second matrix I2 to obtain a plurality of new pixel values, and the new pixel values are added to obtain the second weighting value M2.

After processor 20 obtains the first weighting value M1 and the second weighting value M2, processor 20 obtains the pixel value of the second color target image pixel B "0 based on the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0, the first weighting value M1 and the second weighting value M2. For example, the pixel value of the second color target image pixel B "0 may be calculated by the formula (B" 0) '-W0' × M1/M2, where (B "0) 'is the pixel value of the second color target image pixel B" 0, and W0' is the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0. That is, the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel W0 is multiplied by the first weighting value M1 and then divided by the second weighting value M2 to obtain the updated pixel value of the second color target image pixel B "0 of the second color intermediate image pixel B' 0 to be updated.

Referring to fig. 24, after the processor 20 obtains the second color target image, in some embodiments, the processing the second color target image and the first color initial image to obtain the first color target image, and the processing the second color target image and the third color initial image to obtain the third color target image includes:

051: and carrying out bilateral filtering processing on the first color initial image according to the second color target image to obtain a first color target image, and carrying out bilateral filtering processing on the third color initial image according to the second color target image to obtain a third color target image.

Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 24, step 0321 may also be executed by the processor 20, that is, the processor 20 is further configured to perform bilateral filtering on the first color initial image according to the second color target image to obtain the first color target image, and perform bilateral filtering on the third color initial image according to the second color target image to obtain the third color target image.

The following describes an example in which the second color target image is used to perform bilateral filtering processing on the first color initial image to obtain the first color target image. In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 25, the joint bilateral filtering algorithm is

Wherein k is_p＝∑_q∈Ωf(||p-q||)g(||I_p′-I_q′||)，J_pTo output the pixel value, k_pIs the sum of the weights, omega is the filtering window, p is the pixel to be filteredCoordinates of the point in the initial image of the first color, q is coordinates of the pixel point in the filtering window in the initial image of the first color, and I_qFor pixel values corresponding to q points, I_p' is the pixel value corresponding to the pixel point to be filtered in the second color target image, I_q' is the pixel value corresponding to the q point in the second color target image, and f and g are both weight distribution functions, and the weight distribution functions include gaussian functions.

Specifically, the joint bilateral filtering algorithm determines the first distance weight (f (| | p-q |)) by the difference between the coordinate of the pixel point p to be filtered and the coordinate of one pixel point q in the filtering window, the difference between the coordinates of the p point and the q point illustrated in the figure may be 2, and the first distance weight (f (| p-q |)) is determined by the pixel value I corresponding to the p point in the second color target image_p' sum pixel value I corresponding to q point_qThe difference of' determines the second distance weight (g (| | I)_p′-I_q' |)) according to the first distance weight and the second distance weight of each pixel point in the filtering window and the pixel value I corresponding to the q point in the first color initial image_qAnd the sum of weights k_pDetermining an output pixel value J_p。

Note that, in the first color initial image, the position of the first color image pixel a, that is, the empty pixel N, is not set, and the pixel value thereof is 0. Output pixel value J_pAnd after one-time output is completed, the filtering window is moved to the next image pixel position until all image pixels in the first color initial image are filtered, so that a first color target image only containing the first color image pixels A is obtained. Referring to fig. 26, a specific method for performing bilateral filtering on the third color initial image by the second color target image to obtain the third color target image is the same as a specific method for performing bilateral filtering on the first color initial image by the second color target image to obtain the first color initial image, which is not described herein again.

Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the first color target image, the second color target image, and the third color target image, which contain full-color image information and are arranged in full, are obtained. The first color target image, the second color target image and the third color target image are input into an image processor (not shown) for subsequent processing, so that the resolving power and the signal-to-noise ratio of the finally obtained image can be improved, and the overall photographing effect is improved.

Referring to fig. 27, in some embodiments, the image processing method further includes:

06: processing the color image to obtain a processed color image, and processing the full-color image to obtain a processed full-color image;

034: performing separation processing on a first color image pixel, a second color image pixel and a third color image pixel in the processed color image to obtain a first color initial image, a second color initial image and a third color initial image, and performing image processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully-arranged second color intermediate image;

043: the second color intermediate image is processed based on the processed panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image.

Referring to fig. 2 and 27, step 06, step 034, and step 043 may be executed by processor 20, that is, processor 20 is further configured to perform color image processing on the color image to obtain a processed color image, and perform panchromatic image processing on the panchromatic image to obtain a processed panchromatic image; performing separation processing on a first color image pixel, a second color image pixel and a third color image pixel in the processed color image to obtain a first color initial image, a second color initial image and a third color initial image, and performing image processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully-arranged second color intermediate image; and processing the second color intermediate image according to the processed panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image.

Processor 20 after obtaining the color image and the panchromatic image, processor 20 performs color image processing on the color image to obtain a processed color image and performs panchromatic image processing on the panchromatic image to obtain a processed panchromatic image. It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the color image processing includes at least one of a dead-pixel compensation process, a dark-corner compensation process, and a white balance process; the full-color image processing includes a dead-spot compensation process.

After the processor 20 obtains the processed full-color image and the processed color image, the first color image pixels, the second color image pixels and the third color image pixels in the processed color image are separated to obtain a first color initial image, a second color initial image and a third color initial image, and the second color initial image is subjected to image processing according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully-arranged second color intermediate image; and processing the second color intermediate image according to the processed panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image. The specific implementation of performing separation processing on the first color image pixels, the second color image pixels, and the third color image pixels in the processed color image to obtain the first color initial image, the second color initial image, and the third color initial image is the same as the specific implementation of performing separation processing on the first color image pixels, the second color image pixels, and the third color image pixels in the color image to obtain the first color initial image, the second color initial image, and the third color initial image in the foregoing embodiment; the second color intermediate image is processed according to the processed panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image, which is the same as the specific implementation manner in the foregoing embodiment that the second color intermediate image is processed according to the panchromatic image to obtain the second color target image, and details are not repeated here.

The color image is subjected to color image processing and the full-color image is subjected to full-color image processing, so that the image quality of the color image can be improved.

Referring to fig. 28, in some embodiments, the image processing method further includes:

07: and performing color conversion according to the first color target image, the second color target image and the third color target image to obtain a target image after color conversion.

Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 28, step 07 may also be executed by the processor 20, that is, the processor 20 is further configured to perform color conversion according to the first color target image, the second color target image and the third color target image to obtain a color-converted target image.

The processor 20 performs color conversion processing on the acquired first color target image, second color target image, and third color target image to acquire a color-converted target image. The color conversion process is to convert an image from one color space (e.g., RGB color space) to another color space (e.g., YUV color space) to have a wider application scene or a transmission format with higher efficiency. In a specific embodiment, the color conversion process may be performed by converting R, G and B channel pixel values of all pixel values in the image into Y, U and V channel pixel values according to the following formula: (1) y ═ 0.30R +0.59G + 0.11B; (2) u ═ 0.493 (B-Y); (3) v ═ 0.877 (R-Y); thereby converting the image from an RGB color space to a YUV color space. Because the luminance signal Y and the chrominance signals U and V in the YUV color space are separated, and the sensitivity of human eyes to luminance exceeds chrominance, the first color target image, the second color target image and the third color target image are subjected to color conversion so as to obtain color conversion and then are transmitted to an image processor (not shown) for subsequent processing, so that the image viewing effect is not influenced, the information content of the image can be reduced, and the image transmission efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 29, the present application further provides a terminal 1000. The terminal 1000 according to the present embodiment includes a lens 300, a housing 200, and the image processing apparatus 100 according to any of the above embodiments. The lens 300 and the image processing apparatus 100 are combined with the housing 200. The lens 300 cooperates with the image sensor 10 of the image processing apparatus 100 to form an image.

Terminal 1000 can be cell-phone, panel computer, notebook computer, intelligent wearing equipment (for example intelligent wrist-watch, intelligent bracelet, intelligent glasses, intelligent helmet), unmanned aerial vehicle, head show equipment etc. do not do the restriction here.

Terminal 1000 in the embodiment of the present application fuses all color image pixels in the same sub-unit into color images arranged in bayer array in image processing apparatus 100; and fusing all full-color image pixels in the same subunit into a full-color image, performing interpolation processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully-arranged second color intermediate image, and fusing the full-color image with the second color intermediate image to obtain a second color target image. And finally, processing according to the second color target image, the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain the fully-arranged first color target image and the fully-arranged third color target image. On the one hand, the first color target image, the second color target image and the third color target image which contain full-color image information and are arranged in a full mode can be directly output, so that the resolving power and the signal-to-noise ratio of the images can be improved, and the overall photographing effect is improved. On the other hand, after the second color initial image is interpolated according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain the fully-arranged second color intermediate image, the full-color image is fused with the second color intermediate image to obtain the second color target image, and the full-color image is respectively fused with the first color initial image, the second color initial image and the third color initial image, so that the calculation amount can be reduced, and the power consumption of the image processing apparatus 100 and the terminal 1000 can be reduced.

Referring to fig. 30, the present application also provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium 400 containing a computer program. The computer program, when executed by the processor 60, causes the processor 60 to perform the image processing method of any of the above embodiments.

For example, referring to fig. 1 and 30, the computer program, when executed by the processor 60, causes the processor 60 to perform the following steps:

01: acquiring an original image obtained by exposing the pixel array 11, wherein the original image comprises color image pixels and full-color image pixels;

Processor 60 may be the same as processor 20 provided in image processing apparatus 100, or processor 60 may be provided in terminal 1000, that is, processor 60 may not be the same as processor 20 provided in image processing apparatus 100, and is not limited herein.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes other implementations in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.

Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the present application, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An image processing method for an image sensor, the image sensor comprising a pixel array, the pixel array comprising a plurality of panchromatic photosensitive pixels and a plurality of color photosensitive pixels, the color photosensitive pixels comprising a first color photosensitive pixel, a second color photosensitive pixel, and a third color photosensitive pixel having different spectral responses, the color photosensitive pixels having a narrower spectral response than the panchromatic photosensitive pixels, and the first color photosensitive pixel and the third color photosensitive pixel each having a narrower spectral response than the second color photosensitive pixel, each of the minimal repeating units comprising a plurality of sub-units, each of the sub-units comprising at least one single-color photosensitive pixel and at least one panchromatic photosensitive pixel; the image processing method comprises the following steps:

acquiring an original image obtained by exposing the pixel array, wherein the original image comprises color image pixels and full-color image pixels;

acquiring a color image according to all the color image pixels in the same subunit, and acquiring a full-color image according to all the full-color image pixels in the same subunit, wherein the image pixels in the color image are arranged in a Bayer array;

performing separation processing on a first color image pixel, a second color image pixel and a third color image pixel in the color image to obtain a first color initial image, a second color initial image and a third color initial image, and performing image processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully-arranged second color intermediate image;

processing the second color intermediate image from the panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image;

processing the second color target image and the first color initial image to obtain a fully arranged first color target image, and processing the second color target image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully arranged third color target image.

2. The image processing method according to claim 1, wherein the image pixels in the color initial image include color image pixels and empty pixels, and the pixel values of the empty pixels are zero; performing image processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a second color intermediate image, including:

if the image pixel to be updated is the second color image pixel, taking the original pixel value of the second color image pixel as the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel after the image pixel to be updated is updated;

if the position corresponding to the image pixel to be updated in the first color initial image is the first color image pixel, performing interpolation processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image to obtain a pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel after the image pixel to be updated is updated;

if the position corresponding to the image pixel to be updated in the third color initial image is the third color image pixel, performing interpolation processing on the second color initial image according to the third color initial image to obtain a pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel after the image pixel to be updated is updated.

3. The image processing method of claim 1, wherein the processing the second color intermediate image from the panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image comprises:

if a full-color image pixel corresponding to a second color intermediate image pixel to be updated in the second color intermediate image in the full-color image is overexposed, taking an original pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel to be updated as a pixel value of an updated second color target image pixel;

and if the panchromatic image pixel corresponding to the second color intermediate image pixel to be updated in the second color intermediate image in the panchromatic image is not overexposed, calculating the pixel value of the second color target image pixel after the second color intermediate image pixel to be updated is updated according to the panchromatic image and the second color intermediate image.

4. The image processing method according to claim 3, wherein calculating an updated pixel value of a second color intermediate image pixel to be updated from the panchromatic image and the second color intermediate image as a pixel value of a second color target image pixel comprises:

selecting a first window in the second color intermediate image centered on the second color intermediate image pixel to be updated and selecting a second window in the panchromatic image corresponding to the first window, the panchromatic image pixel at the center of the second window corresponding to the second color intermediate image pixel to be updated and defined as a mapped panchromatic image pixel;

acquiring a first matrix according to the first window, wherein values of positions, corresponding to pixels of the second color intermediate image in the first matrix, of the first color intermediate image are recorded as preset values;

acquiring a second matrix according to the pixel values of the mapped panchromatic image pixels, the pixel values of all the panchromatic image pixels in a second window, the first matrix and a preset weight function; and

and acquiring the pixel value of the second color target image pixel after the second color intermediate image pixel to be updated is updated according to the mapped pixel value of the panchromatic image pixel, the pixel values of all second color intermediate image pixels in the first window, the pixel values of all panchromatic image pixels in the second window and the second matrix.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the pixels of the images in the first window and the second window are each arranged in M, M being an odd number, and the first matrix is arranged in M.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein obtaining the second matrix according to the pixel values of the mapped panchromatic image pixels, the pixel values of all panchromatic image pixels in the second window, the first matrix and a preset weighting function comprises:

mapping the matrix arrangement of panchromatic image pixels in the second window to the array arrangement of the second matrix;

acquiring a deviation value of a position corresponding to each panchromatic image pixel in the second matrix according to the pixel value of each panchromatic image pixel in the second window and the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel;

and acquiring the value of the corresponding position in the second matrix according to the deviation value, the preset function and the value of the same position in the first matrix.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein said obtaining the updated pixel value of the second color target image pixel of the second color intermediate image pixel to be updated according to the mapped pixel values of panchromatic image pixels, the pixel values of all image pixels in the first window, the pixel values of all panchromatic image pixels in the second window, and the second matrix comprises:

calculating a first weighted value according to a first window matrix formed by pixel values of all second color intermediate image pixels in the first window and the second matrix, and calculating a second weighted value according to a second window matrix formed by pixel values of all full color image pixels in the second window and the second matrix;

and acquiring the pixel value of the second color target image pixel after the second color intermediate image pixel to be updated is updated according to the pixel value of the mapped panchromatic image pixel, the first weighted value and the second weighted value.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the second color target image and the first color initial image to obtain a fully aligned first color target image and processing the second color target image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully aligned third color target image comprises:

and performing bilateral filtering processing on the first color initial image according to the second color target image to obtain the first color target image, and performing bilateral filtering processing on the third color initial image according to the second color target image to obtain the third color target image.

9. The image processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the image processing method further comprises:

performing color image processing on the color image to obtain a processed color image, and performing full-color image processing on the full-color image to obtain a processed full-color image;

separating a first color image pixel, a second color image pixel and a third color image pixel in the processed color image to obtain a first color initial image, a second color initial image and a third color initial image, and performing image processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a fully-arranged second color intermediate image;

processing the second color intermediate image according to the processed panchromatic image to obtain a second color target image.

10. The image processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the image processing method further comprises:

and performing color conversion according to the first color target image, the second color target image and the third color target image to obtain a target image after color conversion.

11. An image processing apparatus characterized by comprising

An image sensor comprising a pixel array comprising a plurality of panchromatic photosensitive pixels and a plurality of color photosensitive pixels, the color photosensitive pixels comprising first, second, and third color photosensitive pixels having different spectral responses, the color photosensitive pixels having a narrower spectral response than the panchromatic photosensitive pixels, and the first and third color photosensitive pixels each having a narrower spectral response than the second color photosensitive pixels, the pixel array comprising a plurality of minimal repeating units, each of the minimal repeating units comprising a plurality of sub-units, each of the sub-units comprising at least one single-color photosensitive pixel and at least one panchromatic photosensitive pixel; and

a processor to:

12. The image processing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein image pixels in the color initial image include color image pixels and null pixels, and a pixel value of the null pixel is zero; performing image processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image and the third color initial image to obtain a second color intermediate image, wherein the processor is further configured to:

if the image pixel to be updated is the second color image pixel, taking the original pixel value of the second color image pixel as the intermediate pixel value of the second color pixel after the image pixel to be updated is updated;

if the position corresponding to the image pixel to be updated in the first color initial image is the first color image pixel, performing interpolation processing on the second color initial image according to the first color initial image to obtain an intermediate pixel value of the second color pixel after the image pixel to be updated is updated;

if the position corresponding to the image pixel to be updated in the third color initial image is the third color image pixel, performing interpolation processing on the second color initial image according to the third color initial image to obtain the intermediate pixel value of the second color pixel after the image pixel to be updated is updated.

13. The image processing apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to:

and if the panchromatic image pixel corresponding to the second color intermediate image pixel to be updated in the second color intermediate image in the panchromatic image is not overexposed, calculating the pixel value of the second color intermediate image pixel to be updated after updating according to the panchromatic image and the second color intermediate image, and taking the pixel value as the pixel value of the second color target image pixel.

14. The image processing apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to:

15. The image processing apparatus of claim 14, wherein the image pixels in the first window and the second window are each arranged M x M, M being an odd number, and the first matrix is arranged M x M.

16. The image processing apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to:

17. The image processing apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to:

18. The image processing apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to:

19. The image processing apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to:

20. The image processing apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to:

21. A terminal, comprising:

a lens;

a housing; and

the image processing apparatus as claimed in one of claims 11 to 20, the lens, the image processing apparatus and the housing being combined, the lens cooperating with an image sensor of the image processing apparatus for imaging.

22. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium containing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the image processing method of any one of claims 1 to 10.