CN112822116B - TCP congestion control method and device - Google Patents
TCP congestion control method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112822116B CN112822116B CN202011600259.1A CN202011600259A CN112822116B CN 112822116 B CN112822116 B CN 112822116B CN 202011600259 A CN202011600259 A CN 202011600259A CN 112822116 B CN112822116 B CN 112822116B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/12—Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/19—Flow control; Congestion control at layers above the network layer
- H04L47/193—Flow control; Congestion control at layers above the network layer at the transport layer, e.g. TCP related
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/22—Traffic shaping
- H04L47/225—Determination of shaping rate, e.g. using a moving window
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/23—Bit dropping
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of network communication, in particular to a TCP congestion control method and a device, S1, improvement of TCP congestion control; s2, the invention improves the slow start threshold setting in the TCP congestion control algorithm, and the invention improves the current TCP congestion control mechanism, and adjusts parameters required to be set in the improvement, so that the new improvement is more efficient than the current TCP congestion control system, the utilization rate of network resources is improved, the transmission rate of a sender is improved, and the new congestion control mechanism is more suitable for the current network by design, and a wider thought is provided for updating and developing the congestion control system.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of network communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for controlling TCP congestion.
Background
Most of the work of congestion control in the Internet is done by CPs, and current implementations of the standard TCP protocol contain algorithms to avoid and control network congestion. The reliability and stability of the Internet are today indistinguishable from TCP congestion control mechanisms, and TCP's success is also due to its robust congestion control mechanism. With the increasing growing demands of applications and the continuous development of technologies, to completely rely on policies and algorithms implemented on terminal systems to hardly meet such complex demands as quality of service (QoS), in order to solve the corresponding problems, phase network technologies gradually shift to technologies that cannot be achieved end-to-end by enhancing their functions on intermediate nodes of the network, i.e. routers, so as to achieve effective congestion control and maintain good performance of the network.
When too many packets appear in a network, the performance of the network begins to decline, which is called congestion, which is a continuously overloaded network state, and the demand of users for network resources exceeds the inherent capacity of the network, which is the root cause of the congestion, and the direct cause exists between the end and the end, and mainly comprises 1. The storage space is relatively insufficient; the method is mainly expressed on a router, and can relieve congestion when the storage space is increased, but sometimes the congestion cannot be relieved, but is aggravated; 2. the bandwidth capacity is insufficient. Congestion may also occur in the input of high-speed data streams to the low-speed link; 3. the processing speed of the link and the CPU is not matched, so that the processing capacity is weak, and the speed is low, thereby causing congestion.
In the current TCP congestion control method, when a packet loss event occurs (hereinafter, generally referred to that three repeated ACKs are received or a timeout event occurs as a packet loss event), a threshold is set to half the size of the current congestion window, and then the congestion control method enters a congestion avoidance phase or enters a slow start phase when the congestion window size becomes 1, and then enters a congestion avoidance phase after reaching the threshold. In practice, the congestion avoidance phase is reached, and because the occurrence of network congestion events is avoided as much as possible, the congestion window size cannot be increased in an exponential form, and compared with the increase speed of the slow start phase, the congestion window in the congestion avoidance phase is time-consuming to increase.
In summary, the present invention solves the existing problems by designing a method and apparatus for controlling TCP congestion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a TCP congestion control method and a device, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a TCP congestion control method, comprising the steps of:
s1, improving TCP congestion control;
s2, improving the slow start threshold setting in the TCP congestion control method.
Preferably, the specific steps of the improvement of the TCP congestion control in S1 are as follows:
s11, when S > > (w-S), namely the size of the congestion window increased by the slow start threshold is far greater than the size of the congestion window increased by the congestion avoidance phase, assuming that the maximum length of the data packet is 1000B, assuming that s=100 MB at one time in the high-speed network environment, and assuming that the congestion avoidance phase after reaching the threshold only goes through one round, namely w=100MB+1000B, it can be seen that the size of the congestion window increased by the slow start phase is far greater than the number of the congestion windows increased by the congestion avoidance phase, at this time, a packet loss event occurs, and the slow start threshold is changed into w/2;
s12, S < (w-S), i.e. the slow start phase threshold is much smaller than the congestion window size increased by the congestion avoidance phase, assuming a maximum length of the data packet of 1000B, given = 65kb, w = 10MB, when a packet loss event occurs, i.e. the congestion window size is 10MB, the threshold will become w/2.
Preferably, the specific steps for improving the slow start threshold setting in the TCP congestion control method in S2 are as follows:
s21, initializing Ky S of TCP to 65KB, and cwnd to 1, and starting to send data by a sender;
s22, entering a congestion avoidance stage when cwnd > =s until a packet loss event occurs, recording a current cwnd value at this time, and letting w=cwnd;
s23, defining the variable i=w/S;
s24, since the equal probability of the value of I in two measurements is 0, the percentage in the maximum value and the minimum value of the interval I can be defined, wherein the definition method is that the maximum value and the minimum value I in a network (the sampling is more, the busiest period of the network is covered as much as possible, and the idle period is covered as much as possible, and special points on the image are excluded) are obtained by using a dot tracing method on a two-dimensional function image, imax=maximum value I is defined, imin=minimum value is defined, intervals [ Imin, imax ], and the percentage Xn of I is defined, and Xn=imin/Imax is defined.
S25, defining a new slow start threshold interval, wherein Xn is possibly close to 1 or 0, so that an upper limit and a lower limit of a percentage must be defined, wherein the upper limit is 75%, the lower limit is 25%, namely, when the congestion window increment number in the congestion avoidance stage is far greater than that in the slow start stage, the new threshold setting cannot exceed 75% of the current congestion window size after a packet loss event occurs, the method ensures that the network cannot be congested in the second slow start stage, or directly enters the congestion avoidance stage, the initial congestion window value is excessively large, network congestion is caused in few rounds, the lower limit is set for ensuring that the new threshold cannot be too small, the network can quickly relieve congestion, the upper limit and the lower limit are properly adjusted according to the current network condition, but the upper limit cannot be easily adjusted too large, the reason is that the network congestion is avoided as early as possible, the lower limit can be moderately adjusted,
preferably, the specific steps of the two values in S25 are as follows:
s251, when 3 repeated ACKs are received, setting S as half of cwnd, setting cwnd as a value of S plus 3, and retransmitting lost message segments, wherein the reason for adding 3 is that 3 repeated ACKs are received;
s252, when repeated ACK is received, the congestion window is increased by 1;
s253, when an ACK of a new packet is received, cwnd is set to the value of ssthres in the first step. The reason is that since the ACK acknowledges new data, indicating that data has been received from the time of repeating the ACK, the recovery process has ended and can be returned to the state before recovery, i.e. enter the congestion avoidance state again; under this provision, a threshold value after the occurrence of a packet loss event may be set:
when Imin/Imax is greater than 75% and less than 25% is 25%, so nst > = w 25% & nst < = w 75%;
the new slow-start threshold size improvement concept can be seen in which an upper limit (75%) and a lower limit (25%) of the ratio of the congestion window size to the slow-start threshold at the time of occurrence of a packet loss event are specified, and the specific setting can be appropriately adjusted according to the network condition according to the specific setting. Assuming that the condition of a network gradually becomes good, the probability of network congestion is small, so that the value of w may gradually increase, that is, the congestion window size is increased compared with the previous congestion window size when the packet loss event occurs, the vertex is in a rising trend, the specified upper limit value can be properly enlarged according to the proportion of two adjacent vertices, and similarly, when the vertices of the packet loss event are in a falling trend, the upper limit value can be properly reduced, and the lower limit value is in order to ensure the sending rate of the sender.
A TCP congestion control placement device, comprising a router, a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is a memory storing executable program codes, the processor is a processor coupled with the memory, the processor calls the executable program codes stored in the memory, and the router is used for receiving and transmitting data based on a 5G network.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the invention, the new improvement is more efficient than the current TCP congestion control system by improving the current TCP congestion control mechanism and adjusting parameters required to be set in the improvement, thereby not only improving the utilization rate of network resources and the transmission rate of a sender, but also providing a wider thought for updating and developing the congestion control system by designing the new congestion control mechanism to adapt to the current network.
Detailed Description
In the following, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that:
a TCP congestion control method, comprising the steps of:
s1, improving TCP congestion control;
s2, improving the slow start threshold setting in the TCP congestion control method.
Further, the specific steps of the improvement of the TCP congestion control in S1 are as follows:
s11, when S > > (w-S), namely the size of the congestion window increased by the slow start threshold is far greater than the size of the congestion window increased by the congestion avoidance phase, assuming that the maximum length of the data packet is 1000B, assuming that s=100 MB at one time in the high-speed network environment, and assuming that the congestion avoidance phase after reaching the threshold only goes through one round, namely w=100MB+1000B, it can be seen that the size of the congestion window increased by the slow start phase is far greater than the number of the congestion windows increased by the congestion avoidance phase, at this time, a packet loss event occurs, and the slow start threshold is changed into w/2;
s12, S < (w-S), i.e. the slow start phase threshold is much smaller than the congestion window size increased by the congestion avoidance phase, assuming that the maximum length of the data packet is 1000B, let us assume 65kb, w=10mb, when a packet loss event occurs, i.e. the congestion window size is 10MB, the threshold will become w/2.
Further, the specific steps for improving the slow start threshold setting in the TCP congestion control method in S2 are as follows:
s21, initializing S of TCP to 65KB, cwnd to 1, and starting to send data by a sender;
s22, entering a congestion avoidance stage when cwnd > =s until a packet loss event occurs, recording a current cwnd value at this time, and letting w=cwnd;
s23, defining the variable i=w/S;
s24, since the equal probability of the value of I in two measurements is 0, the percentage in the maximum value and the minimum value of the interval I can be defined, wherein the definition method is that the maximum value and the minimum value I in a network (the sampling is more, the busiest period of the network is covered as much as possible, and the idle period is covered as much as possible, and special points on the image are excluded) are obtained by using a dot tracing method on a two-dimensional function image, imax=the maximum value I is defined, imin=the minimum value I, the interval [ Imin, imax ] is defined, the percentage x of I is defined, and Xn=imin/Imax is defined.
S25, defining a new slow start threshold interval, wherein Xn is possibly close to 1 or 0, so that an upper limit and a lower limit of a percentage must be defined, wherein the upper limit is 75%, the lower limit is 25%, namely, when the congestion window increment number in the congestion avoidance stage is far greater than that in the slow start stage, the new threshold setting cannot exceed 75% of the current congestion window size after a packet loss event occurs, the method ensures that the network cannot be congested in the second slow start stage, or directly enters the congestion avoidance stage, the initial congestion window value is excessively large, network congestion is caused in few rounds, the lower limit is set for ensuring that the new threshold cannot be too small, the network can quickly relieve congestion, the upper limit and the lower limit are properly adjusted according to the current network condition, but the upper limit cannot be easily adjusted too large, the reason is that the network congestion is avoided as early as possible, the lower limit can be moderately adjusted,
further, the specific steps of the two values in S25 are as follows:
s251, when 3 repeated ACKs are received, setting S as half of cwnd, setting cwnd as a value of S plus 3, and retransmitting lost message segments, wherein the reason for adding 3 is that 3 repeated ACKs are received;
s252, when repeated ACK is received, the congestion window is increased by 1;
s253, when an ACK of a new packet is received, cwnd is set to the value of S in the first step. The reason is that since the ACK acknowledges new data, indicating that data has been received from the time of repeating the ACK, the recovery process has ended and can be returned to the state before recovery, i.e. enter the congestion avoidance state again; under this provision, a threshold value after the occurrence of a packet loss event may be set:
when Imin/Imax is greater than 75% and less than 25% is 25%, so nst > = w 25% & nst < = w 75%;
the new slow-start threshold size improvement concept can be seen in which an upper limit (75%) and a lower limit (25%) of the ratio of the congestion window size to the slow-start threshold at the time of occurrence of a packet loss event are specified, and the specific setting can be appropriately adjusted according to the network condition according to the specific setting. Assuming that the condition of a network gradually becomes good, the probability of network congestion is small, so that the value of w may gradually increase, that is, the congestion window size is increased compared with the previous congestion window size when the packet loss event occurs, the vertex is in a rising trend, the specified upper limit value can be properly enlarged according to the proportion of two adjacent vertices, and similarly, when the vertices of the packet loss event are in a falling trend, the upper limit value can be properly reduced, and the lower limit value is in order to ensure the sending rate of the sender.
Further, the TCP congestion control putting device comprises a router, a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is a memory storing executable program codes, the processor is a processor coupled with the memory, the processor calls the executable program codes stored in the memory, and the router is used for receiving and transmitting data based on a 5G network.
The specific implementation cases are as follows:
setting a slow start threshold as s, and setting the size of a plug window as w when a packet loss event occurs:
(1) When s > > (w-s), that is, the size of the congestion window increased by the slow start threshold is far greater than the size of the congestion window increased by the congestion avoidance phase, it is assumed that the maximum length of the data packet is 1000B, a certain time s=100 MB is assumed in the high-speed network environment, and the congestion avoidance phase after reaching the threshold is assumed to undergo only one round, that is, w=100mb+1000b, it can be seen that the size of the congestion window increased by the slow start phase is far greater than the number of the congestion windows increased by the congestion avoidance phase, at this time, a packet loss event occurs, and the slow start threshold is changed to w/2;
the situation can be seen that after the slow start phase, the congestion avoidance phase only has a small period of time, and under the condition, the network is likely to be congested without entering the congestion avoidance phase, so that a large number of data packets are retransmitted, the utilization rate of network resources is reduced, the new slow start threshold is properly reduced, the number of rounds of the congestion avoidance phase is increased, and the necessity of packet loss events of the network in the slow start phase is avoided as much as possible.
(2) When s < (w-s), i.e. the threshold value of the slow start phase is much smaller than the congestion window size increased by the congestion avoidance phase, assuming that the maximum length of the packet is 1000B, let us assume 65kb, w=10mb, when a packet loss event occurs, i.e. the congestion window size is 10MB, the threshold value will become w/2 the above-mentioned situation has the problem that: TCP experiences a relatively long time of congestion avoidance, so when a packet loss event occurs, the size setting of the threshold will dominate the congestion avoidance phase. Here, the slow start threshold value in the new round is properly increased, and the increase of the number of the slow start rounds can improve the network sending rate, so that faster service quality is brought to the user;
the specific steps of the improved method for setting the slow start threshold in the current TCP congestion control method are as follows:
(1) Initializing s of TCP to 65KB, cwnd to 1, and starting transmitting data by a sender;
(2) When cwnd > = s, entering a congestion avoidance stage until a packet loss event occurs, and recording a current cwnd value at the moment, so that w = cwnd;
(3) Defining the variable i=w/s;
(4) Since the probability that the value of I is equal in two measurements is 0, the percentage within the maximum and minimum values of interval I can be defined as follows: obtaining the maximum value and the minimum value I (the sampling is more, the busiest period of the network is covered as much as possible, and the idle period is more, the special condition point on the image is excluded) in a network by using a tracing point recording method on the two-dimensional function image, defining imax=the maximum value I, imin=the minimum value, defining an interval [ Imin, imax ], defining the percentage x of I, enabling xn=imin/Imax, and obtaining the maximum value and the minimum value of the maximum value, imin=the minimum value, defining the interval [ Imin, imax ], wherein the percentage x is expressed as shown in the following table 1,
| I | I0(Imin) | I2 | I3 | …… | In(Imax) |
| i value | Measurement value | Measurement value | Measurement value | …… | Measurement value |
| Definition of the percentage | 0％ | X1％ | X2％ | …… | 100％ |
The measurements in table 1 are not direct measurements I, but are derived from the quotient of the values of w and s for each measurement;
(5) A new slow start threshold interval is defined, namely, since Xn is possibly close to 1 or 0, an upper limit and a lower limit of percentage must be defined, wherein the upper limit is 75%, the lower limit is 25%, namely, when the congestion window increment number in the congestion avoidance stage is far greater than that in the slow start stage, the new threshold setting after the packet loss event cannot exceed 75% of the current congestion window size, the network is ensured not to be congested in the second slow start stage or directly enter the congestion avoidance stage, the initial congestion window value is overlarge, network congestion is caused in few rounds, and the lower limit is set to ensure that the new threshold is not too small, and the transmission rate is not too small while the network is enabled to quickly relieve the congestion. The upper limit and the lower limit are properly adjusted according to the current network condition, but the upper limit is not easy to be excessively adjusted, and the reason is that the premature network congestion is avoided as much as possible, and the lower limit can be moderately adjusted, wherein the specific steps of the two values are as follows:
(1) When 3 repeated ACKs are received, setting s as half of cwnd, setting cwnd as a value of s plus 3, and retransmitting lost message segments, wherein the reason for adding 3 is that 3 repeated ACKs are received;
(2) When repeated ACK is received, the congestion window is increased by 1;
(3) When an ACK for the new packet is received, cwnd is set to the value of s in the first step. The reason is that since the ACK acknowledges new data, indicating that data has been received from the time of repeating the ACK, the recovery process has ended and can be returned to the state before recovery, i.e. enter the congestion avoidance state again; under this provision, a threshold value after the occurrence of a packet loss event may be set:
when Imin/Imax is greater than 75% and less than 25% is 25%, so nst > = w 25% & nst < = w 75%;
the new slow-start threshold size improvement concept can be seen in which an upper limit (75%) and a lower limit (25%) of the ratio of the congestion window size to the slow-start threshold at the time of occurrence of a packet loss event are specified, and the specific settings can be appropriately adjusted according to the network conditions. The method is designed to enable a new congestion control mechanism to be more suitable for the current network, and also provide a wider idea for updating and developing congestion control systems.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for controlling TCP congestion, comprising the steps of:
s1, improving TCP congestion control;
the improvement of TCP congestion control comprises:
s11, when S > > (w-S), namely the size of the congestion window increased by the slow start threshold is far greater than the size of the congestion window increased by the congestion avoidance phase, assuming that the maximum length of the data packet is 1000B, assuming that s=100 MB at one time in the high-speed network environment, and assuming that the congestion avoidance phase after reaching the threshold only goes through one round, namely w=100MB+1000B, at the moment, the size of the congestion window increased by the slow start phase is far greater than the number of the congestion window increased by the congestion avoidance phase, at the moment, a packet loss event occurs, and the slow start threshold is changed into w/2;
s12, S < (w-S), i.e. the threshold value of the slow start phase is far smaller than the size of the congestion window increased by the congestion avoidance phase, assuming that the maximum length of the data packet is 1000B, s=65kb, w=10mb, when a packet loss event occurs, i.e. the congestion window size is 10MB, the threshold value will become w/2;
s2, improving the slow start threshold setting in the TCP congestion control method;
the specific steps for improving the slow start threshold setting in the TCP congestion control method in the step S2 are as follows:
s21, after initializing S and cwnd of TCP, a sender starts to send data;
s22, entering a congestion avoidance stage when cwnd > =s until a packet loss event occurs, recording a current cwnd value at this time, and letting w=cwnd;
s23, defining the variable i=w/S;
s24, defining the percentages of the maximum value and the minimum value of the interval I, wherein the definition method is as follows, the maximum I value and the minimum I value in a network are obtained by using a dot tracing method on a two-dimensional function image, imax=maximum I value is defined, imin=minimum I value is defined, interval [ Imin, imax ] is defined, the percentage Xn of I is defined, and Xn=imin/Imax is defined;
s25, defining a new slow start threshold interval, namely defining an upper limit and a lower limit of percentage as Xn approaches to 1 or 0, wherein the upper limit is 75% and the lower limit is 25%, namely when the congestion window increment number in the congestion avoidance stage is far greater than that in the slow start stage, the new threshold setting cannot exceed 75% of the current congestion window size after the packet loss event;
where s is denoted as a slow start threshold and w is denoted as the congestion window size increased by the congestion avoidance phase.
2. The TCP congestion control method according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps in S25 are as follows:
s251, when 3 repeated ACKs are received, setting S as half of cwnd, setting cwnd as a value of S plus 3, and retransmitting lost message segments, wherein the reason for adding 3 is that 3 repeated ACKs are received;
s252, when repeated ACK is received, the congestion window is increased by 1;
s253, when an ACK for a new packet is received, cwnd is set to the value of S in the first step, because the ACK acknowledges the new data, indicating that the repeated ACK data has been received, i.e., enters the congestion avoidance state again; under this provision, a threshold value after occurrence of a packet loss event is set:
when Imin/Imax is greater than 75% and is 75%, less than 25% is 25%;
the new slow-start threshold size improvement concept sees an upper limit of 75% and a lower limit of 25% in which the ratio of congestion window size to slow-start threshold at the occurrence of a packet loss event is specified.
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