CN112821765A - Method and system for power conversion of multi-modular electric vehicle charging station - Google Patents

Method and system for power conversion of multi-modular electric vehicle charging station Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112821765A
CN112821765A CN201911117362.8A CN201911117362A CN112821765A CN 112821765 A CN112821765 A CN 112821765A CN 201911117362 A CN201911117362 A CN 201911117362A CN 112821765 A CN112821765 A CN 112821765A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
switching tube
stage
voltage
charging station
stage circuit
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Pending
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CN201911117362.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王伟
黄亮
卢炽华
袁守利
王海雄
徐爱华
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Wuhan Research Institute Of New Energy Automotive Technologies
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Wuhan Research Institute Of New Energy Automotive Technologies
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Priority to CN201911117362.8A priority Critical patent/CN112821765A/en
Publication of CN112821765A publication Critical patent/CN112821765A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00Converter types
    • B60L2210/40DC to AC converters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for power conversion of a multi-module electric vehicle charging station. The method comprises the steps that 10KV high-voltage alternating current led in from the power grid side passes through a three-phase rectification module, then is conveyed to a multi-modular charging station, and finally the electric automobile is charged through a charging gun. The system includes a rectification module: for converting high voltage alternating current to direct current; a current conversion module: and the direct current converter is used for converting the direct current obtained by conversion of the rectifier module into direct current meeting the charging standard of the electric automobile. Compared with the traditional 10KV automobile charging station power conversion system, the invention omits a 10KV/380V transformer; the 10KV alternating current is directly converted into direct current, so that the voltage stress of a switching tube is reduced, and harmonic pollution is reduced; the transmission is realized by using a thinner cable, so that the material is saved and the cost is reduced; the voltage grade of each converter can be reduced to kilovolt or even lower, so that the switching frequency reaches a higher level, and the power density is further improved.

Description

Method and system for power conversion of multi-modular electric vehicle charging station
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric vehicle charging, in particular to a method and a system for power conversion of a multi-module electric vehicle charging station.
Background
With the vigorous popularization of electric vehicles in China, related electric vehicle charging service facilities are actively built, and at present, a charging system adopts a high-voltage power supply mode, because a charging station faces public services and is influenced by the number of electric vehicles, the capacity of batteries, charging voltage, current and other factors, and the total capacity of the system can reach more than megaamperes. At present, the construction of 10KV automobile charging stations in China is in a rapid development stage, and the constructed and operated 10KV automobile charging stations can provide all-weather charging service for electric cars, medium buses and large transportation vehicles.
The conventional power conversion method of the 10KV automobile charging station is that 10 KV-level alternating current is reduced to 380V alternating current through a transformer and then distributed to charging piles, and a large number of thick cables are needed in the process to convey the 380V alternating current to each charging pile; the charging pile or the charging machine comprises a front-stage AC-DC converter and a rear-stage DC-DC converter, and finally the charging function of the electric automobile is completed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, a method and a system for power conversion of a multi-modular electric vehicle charging station are provided.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method of multi-modular electric vehicle charging station power conversion according to a first aspect of the invention is characterized by the steps of:
s1, converting the 10KV high-voltage alternating current led from the power grid side into direct current through a rectifier;
and S2, converting the direct current in the step S1 into direct current meeting the charging standard of the electric vehicle through a DC-DC converter of the multi-module charging station.
In the above aspect, the step S2 further includes converting the dc power of the step S1 into dc power of various voltage levels so as to satisfy the power demand of each device in the vehicle charging station.
In the above aspect, the dc voltage value meeting the charging standard of the electric vehicle in step S2 is 200-700V.
In the above aspect, the rectifier in step S1 is a three-phase three-level rectifier.
In the above aspect, the converter in step S2 is a plurality of DC-DC converters of two-level topology connected in parallel with input and output in series.
A system for multi-modular electric vehicle charging station power conversion according to a second aspect of the invention is characterized in that the system comprises a rectifying means and a current converting means;
the input end of the rectifying device is connected with high voltage, and the output end of the rectifying device is connected with the input end of the current conversion device.
In the above aspect, the rectifying device is a three-phase three-level rectifier; the current conversion device specifically comprises a plurality of DC-DC converters with two-level topology, and the input end of each DC-DC converter is connected with the output end of the three-phase three-level rectifier; the input ends of the DC-DC converters are connected in series, and the output ends of the DC-DC converters are connected in parallel.
In the above aspect, the circuit configuration of the DC-DC converter of the two-level topology includes the preceding stage circuit 1, the following stage circuit 2, and the transformer N1 connected between the preceding stage circuit 1 and the following stage circuit 2.
In the above aspect, the preceding stage circuit 1 is a preceding stage full-bridge circuit connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the preceding stage input terminal and composed of a switching tube Q11-a switching tube Q14; emitters of the switching tube Q11 and the switching tube Q13 are respectively connected with the positive electrode of the input end of the front-stage circuit 1, and collectors of the switching tube Q12 and the switching tube Q14 are respectively connected with the negative electrode of the input end of the front-stage circuit 1; the collector of the switching tube Q11 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q12, and is connected with one end of an inductor L1 at the connection position; the other end of the inductor L1 is connected in series with the dotted end of the primary winding of the transformer N1; the collector of the switching tube Q13 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q14, and is connected with the other end of the primary winding of the transformer N1 at the connection position.
In the above aspect, the post-stage circuit 2 is a post-stage full-bridge circuit connected between the positive and negative poles of the post-stage output terminal and composed of a switching tube Q21-Q24, and a voltage-stabilizing capacitor C1 with two ends respectively connected between the positive and negative poles of the post-stage output terminal; emitters of the switching tube Q21 and the switching tube Q23 are respectively connected with the positive pole of the output end of the post-stage circuit 2, and collectors of the switching tube Q22 and the switching tube Q24 are respectively connected with the negative pole of the output end of the post-stage circuit 2; the collector of the switching tube Q21 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q22, and is connected with the homonymous end of the secondary winding of the transformer N1 at the connection position; the collector of the switching tube Q23 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q24, and the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer N1 is connected with the connection position; the voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the rear-stage full bridge circuit.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the traditional 10KV automobile charging station power conversion system, the multi-module electric automobile charging station power conversion method and system provided by the invention have the advantages that a 10KV/380V transformer is omitted, and the electromagnetic environment of the charging station can be improved;
2. according to the method, 10KV alternating current is directly converted into direct current through a three-level topological three-phase rectifier, and the structure can reduce the voltage stress of each switching tube and reduce harmonic pollution;
3. compared with the traditional mode that 380V alternating current is transmitted to each charging pile or charger, the high-voltage direct current output by the three-phase rectifier can be transmitted by using a thinner cable, so that materials can be saved, and the cost can be reduced;
4. the multi-modular charging station comprises a plurality of two-level topology DC-DC converters inside, the input end is adopted to carry out voltage-sharing on high-voltage direct current on the input side in series, the voltage grade of each DC-DC converter can be reduced to kilovolt or even lower, the voltage stress of each switching tube is greatly reduced, and therefore the MOSFET can be selected as a switching device, the switching frequency can reach higher level, and the power density is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power conversion method and system for a multi-modular electric vehicle charging station according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a connection mode of an input-series output-parallel two-level topology DC-DC converter of the multi-modular electric vehicle charging station power conversion method and system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a two-level topology DC-DC converter of a multi-modular electric vehicle charging station power conversion method and system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The structure of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The technical scheme and the beneficial effects of the invention are clearer and clearer by further describing the specific embodiment of the invention with the accompanying drawings of the specification. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are intended to be illustrative of the invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a block diagram of a power conversion method for a multi-modular electric vehicle charging station is composed of a three-phase rectifier module and a multi-modular charging station.
The three-phase rectifier module adopts a three-phase rectifier with a three-level topological structure and is used for reducing the voltage stress of each switching tube, converting 10KV three-phase alternating current into direct current, reducing harmonic waves and improving the power factor of the rectifier module.
The input end of each of N two-level topology DC-DC converters is connected in series in an Input Series Output Parallel (ISOP) mode, and each two-level topology DC-DC converter comprises 8 switching tubes Q1-Qn 8, an inductor L1-an inductor Ln, a transformer N1-a transformer Nn and a voltage stabilizing capacitor C1-a voltage stabilizing capacitor Cn. The output end outputs the direct current for charging the electric automobile in a parallel connection mode, as shown in fig. 2; the converter combination with Input Series Output Parallel (ISOP) can be applied to the conditions of high input voltage and large output current, the input ends of a plurality of two-level topology DC-DC converters are connected in series to carry out voltage-sharing on high-voltage direct current obtained by rectifying 10KV high-voltage alternating current on the input side, the voltage level of each DC-DC converter can be reduced to kilovolt level or even lower, the voltage stress of each switching tube is greatly reduced, and therefore, an MOSFET can be selected as a switching device, the switching frequency can reach higher level, and the power density is further improved. For the ISOP converter combinations, the scholars have proposed numerous control methods: some have not specially input the voltage-sharing control, for example adopt the same duty cycle control, rely on the intrinsic regulating mechanism of ISOP combined converter, the method is simple; some of the units are provided with input voltage loops, and loops for regulating output voltage and controlling input voltage are arranged in each unit, or the input voltage loops and the output voltage loops are arranged in different modules and are designed respectively.
As shown in fig. 3, a circuit diagram of each two-level topology DC-DC converter is shown.
The circuit structure of the two-level topology DC-DC converter comprises a front-stage circuit 1, a rear-stage circuit 2 and a transformer N1 connected between the front-stage circuit 1 and the rear-stage circuit 2.
The front-stage circuit 1 is a front-stage full-bridge circuit which is connected between the anode and the cathode of the front-stage input end and consists of a switching tube Q11-a switching tube Q14; emitters of the switching tube Q11 and the switching tube Q13 are respectively connected with the positive electrode of the input end of the front-stage circuit 1, and collectors of the switching tube Q12 and the switching tube Q14 are respectively connected with the negative electrode of the input end of the front-stage circuit 1; the collector of the switching tube Q11 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q12, and is connected with one end of an inductor L1 at the connection position; the other end of the inductor L1 is connected in series with the dotted end of the primary winding of the transformer N1; the collector of the switching tube Q13 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q14, and is connected with the other end of the primary winding of the transformer N1 at the connection position.
The rear-stage circuit 2 is a rear-stage full-bridge circuit which is connected between the anode and the cathode of the rear-stage output end and consists of a switching tube Q21-a switching tube Q24, and a voltage-stabilizing capacitor C1 of which two ends are respectively connected between the anode and the cathode of the rear-stage output end; emitters of the switching tube Q21 and the switching tube Q23 are respectively connected with the positive pole of the output end of the post-stage circuit 2, and collectors of the switching tube Q22 and the switching tube Q24 are respectively connected with the negative pole of the output end of the post-stage circuit 2; the collector of the switching tube Q21 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q22, and is connected with the homonymous end of the secondary winding of the transformer N1 at the connection position; the collector of the switching tube Q23 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q24, and the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer N1 is connected with the connection position; the voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the rear-stage full bridge circuit.
The whole circuit outputs 200-700V direct current which can be used for charging an electric automobile.
The multi-modular charging station comprises n charging piles, wherein a two-level topological DC-DC converter is arranged in each charging pile, the charging piles can be connected in an ISOP mode according to different requirements, and direct currents of different grades are output so as to meet power consumption requirements of different devices.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art from the foregoing description of construction and principles that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that modifications and substitutions based on the teachings of the art may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. The parts not described in the specification are prior art or common general knowledge. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for power conversion of a multi-modular electric vehicle charging station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, converting the 10KV high-voltage alternating current led from the power grid side into direct current through a rectifier;
and S2, converting the direct current in the step S1 into direct current meeting the charging standard of the electric vehicle through a DC-DC converter of the multi-module charging station.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step S2 further comprises converting the DC power of step S1 into DC power of various voltage levels to meet the power requirements of each device in the vehicle charging station.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the DC voltage value in step S2 meeting the charging standard of the electric vehicle is 200-700V.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the rectifier of step S1 is a three-phase three-level rectifier.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the converters in step S2 are a plurality of two-level topology DC-DC converters connected in input-series output-parallel.
6. A system for power conversion of a multi-modular electric vehicle charging station is characterized by comprising a rectifying device and a current conversion device;
the input end of the rectifying device is connected with high voltage, and the output end of the rectifying device is connected with the input end of the current conversion device.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the rectifying device is a three-phase three-level rectifier; the current conversion device specifically comprises a plurality of DC-DC converters with two-level topology, and the input end of each DC-DC converter is connected with the output end of the three-phase three-level rectifier; the input ends of the DC-DC converters are connected in series, and the output ends of the DC-DC converters are connected in parallel.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the circuit structure of the two-level topology DC-DC converter comprises a front-stage circuit (1), a rear-stage circuit (2), and a transformer N1 connected between the front-stage circuit (1) and the rear-stage circuit (2).
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the front-stage circuit (1) is a front-stage full-bridge circuit comprising a switch tube Q11-Q14 connected between the positive and negative electrodes of the front-stage input end; emitters of the switching tube Q11 and the switching tube Q13 are respectively connected with the positive electrode of the input end of the front-stage circuit (1), and collectors of the switching tube Q12 and the switching tube Q14 are respectively connected with the negative electrode of the input end of the front-stage circuit (1); the collector of the switching tube Q11 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q12, and is connected with one end of an inductor L1 at the connection position; the other end of the inductor L1 is connected in series with the dotted end of the primary winding of the transformer N1; the collector of the switching tube Q13 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q14, and is connected with the other end of the primary winding of the transformer N1 at the connection position.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein the rear-stage circuit (2) is a rear-stage full bridge circuit comprising a switch tube Q21-Q24 and a voltage-stabilizing capacitor C1 with two ends respectively connected between the positive and negative poles of the rear-stage output end; emitters of the switching tube Q21 and the switching tube Q23 are respectively connected with the positive pole of the output end of the rear-stage circuit (2), and collectors of the switching tube Q22 and the switching tube Q24 are respectively connected with the negative pole of the output end of the rear-stage circuit (2); the collector of the switching tube Q21 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q22, and is connected with the homonymous end of the secondary winding of the transformer N1 at the connection position; the collector of the switching tube Q23 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q24, and the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer N1 is connected with the connection position; the voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the rear-stage full bridge circuit.
CN201911117362.8A 2019-11-15 2019-11-15 Method and system for power conversion of multi-modular electric vehicle charging station Pending CN112821765A (en)

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