CN112821177A - Optical fiber random Raman laser based on optical fiber random grating - Google Patents
Optical fiber random Raman laser based on optical fiber random grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN112821177A CN112821177A CN202110007046.6A CN202110007046A CN112821177A CN 112821177 A CN112821177 A CN 112821177A CN 202110007046 A CN202110007046 A CN 202110007046A CN 112821177 A CN112821177 A CN 112821177A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/0675—Resonators including a grating structure, e.g. distributed Bragg reflectors [DBR] or distributed feedback [DFB] fibre lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094042—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a fibre laser
- H01S3/094046—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a fibre laser of a Raman fibre laser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/30—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects
- H01S3/302—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects in an optical fibre
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fiber random Raman laser based on a fiber random grating, which belongs to the technical field of fiber lasers and adopts a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity structure and comprises a pumping light source, a high-reflection grating, a wavelength division multiplexer, a Raman gain fiber and a fiber random grating, wherein the high-reflection grating is connected with the reflection end of the wavelength division multiplexer, the pumping light source is connected with the input end of the wavelength division multiplexer, and the Raman gain fiber is respectively connected with the public end of the wavelength division multiplexer and the fiber random grating; the pumping light enters the Raman gain fiber through the wavelength division multiplexer to be excited and generate a Raman gain effect to amplify the pumping light gain, and due to the random feedback effect of the fiber random grating, the gain light passing through the high-reflection grating is amplified in the Raman gain fiber, and random laser beam output is formed along with the increase of the pumping power. The laser has the characteristics of simple structure, low requirement on processing parameters of key devices and the like, is easy to realize, and can obtain low threshold value and high optical signal-to-noise ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fiber lasers, and particularly relates to a fiber random Raman laser based on a fiber random grating.
Background
The optical fiber random laser has the advantages of good directivity, light weight, high efficiency, low threshold value and the like, and has wide application prospect in various fields of optical communication, optical fiber sensing, speckle-free imaging and the like. Compared with the rare earth doped random fiber laser which can only obtain output in certain specific wavelength windows, the fiber random Raman laser can change the output wavelength of random laser only by simply changing the wavelength of the pump light, and can generate random laser output in the whole transparent window of the fiber.
At present, the fiber random raman lasers are mainly classified into two types according to the provided random feedback mechanism:
(1) the distributed random feedback is provided by rayleigh backscattering in the optical fiber, and in order to obtain high efficiency, high directivity and lower threshold value, the optical fiber random raman laser generally adopts a semi-open cavity structure, namely, one end is a long optical fiber, and the other end is a high-reflectivity fiber bragg grating. However, such fiber-optic random lasers have the disadvantages of high threshold, low optical signal-to-noise ratio, large spectral bandwidth, etc., due to the very weak rayleigh scattering and wavelength insensitivity in the fiber.
(2) The fiber random grating is adopted to provide random feedback of points, and the fiber random laser generally has the advantages of lower threshold value, higher optical signal-to-noise ratio and the like. However, the optical fiber random grating reported in the prior art is not suitable for a high-power optical fiber random raman laser, which is mainly because the threshold of the stimulated brillouin scattering effect is greatly reduced by the narrow-band reflection peak of the optical fiber random grating, thereby greatly limiting the improvement of power.
In recent years, with the continuous research on the fiber random laser based on the fiber random grating, the research on the fiber random grating, which is a key device in the fiber random laser, has also gained wide attention, however, the improvement of the output power of the existing fiber random laser based on the fiber random grating is limited, and a new method is urgently needed to realize the high power output of the random fiber laser.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides the fiber random Raman laser with the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity structure based on the fiber random grating, so that the technical problem that the threshold value of the fiber random Raman laser for providing random feedback through Rayleigh scattering in the prior art is high is solved.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fiber random raman laser based on a fiber random grating, the laser comprising: the Raman gain fiber laser comprises a pumping light source, a reflecting end mirror, a wavelength division multiplexer, a Raman gain fiber and an output end mirror, wherein the output end mirror is a fiber random grating;
the reflection end mirror is connected to the reflection end of the wavelength division multiplexer; the pumping light source is connected to the input end of the wavelength division multiplexer; one end of the Raman gain fiber is connected with the common end of the wavelength division multiplexer; the other end of the Raman gain fiber is connected with the output end mirror;
the pumping light source is used for generating pumping light, the pumping light is coupled into the Raman gain fiber through the wavelength division multiplexer to be excited, and the Raman gain fiber is used for being excited to generate a Raman gain effect and amplifying laser gain in a cavity; due to the random feedback effect of the output end mirror, the laser reflected by the reflecting end mirror is amplified in the Raman gain fiber, and when the increase of the pumping power reaches a threshold value, the output of random laser is formed.
Preferably, the output end mirror is a fiber random grating formed by sub-gratings which are randomly distributed along the axial direction of the optical fiber, and the sub-gratings are bragg gratings.
Preferably, the fiber random grating is formed by a femtosecond laser direct writing method.
Preferably, the fiber random grating has at least one suitable reflection peak, which ensures that the reflection peak has a reflectivity of about 10% and a bandwidth of about 0.4 nm.
Preferably, the manufacturing method specifically comprises the following steps: the optical fiber is placed on an electric displacement platform, a sub-grating is etched and written by means of a femtosecond laser direct writing method, then the optical fiber is moved for a certain distance along the axial direction, and a sub-grating is etched and written again, the reflection spectrum of the sub-grating is monitored in real time in the etching process, and the etching is stopped until the reflection spectrum shows the reflection peak of the required reflectivity and bandwidth.
Preferably, the optical fiber is moved axially a distance of any length, such that the length of the non-grating regions of adjacent sub-gratings is of random length.
Preferably, the reflective end mirror is a bragg grating with a high reflectivity, which is greater than 90%.
Preferably, one end of the output end mirror is used as an output port of the random laser, and the output port is obliquely cut to eliminate parasitic feedback of the output port.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1. the random feedback provided by the fiber random grating is far larger than that provided by backward Rayleigh scattering in the fiber, so that the laser has a lower threshold value.
2. The random fiber bragg grating providing random feedback in the random fiber raman laser based on the random fiber bragg grating has wavelength selectivity, and compared with the fact that rayleigh backscattering is not sensitive to wavelength, the random fiber bragg grating providing random feedback in the random fiber raman laser based on the random fiber bragg grating has the advantages of being larger in optical signal-to-noise ratio and narrower in spectral bandwidth.
3. Compared with a random laser provided by Rayleigh scattering and fed back randomly, the random Raman laser based on the optical fiber random grating provided by the invention is stable above a threshold value.
4. The optical fiber random Raman laser based on the optical fiber random grating has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, simple manufacturing, easy realization and excellent performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fiber-optic Raman laser based on a Fabry-Perot resonator structure of a fiber-optic random grating according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 (a) shows the reflection spectra of the random fiber grating and the high-reflectivity grating of the present invention;
FIG. 2 (b) shows the transmission spectra of the random fiber grating and the high-reflectivity grating of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the output power of the fiber random Raman laser of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the spectra of a fiber random Raman laser of the present invention at different optical powers;
fig. 5 is a plot of full width at half maximum and 20dB bandwidth as a function of pump power for a fiber random raman laser of the present invention.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein: a pump light source 11; a reflective end mirror 12; a wavelength division multiplexer 13; a Raman gain fiber 14; an output end mirror 15; an output port 16.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a fiber random Raman laser based on fiber random grating, which comprises a pump light source 11, a reflection end mirror 12, a wavelength division multiplexer 13, a Raman gain fiber 14 and an output end mirror 15, wherein
The reflecting end mirror 12 is a high reflection grating, i.e. a bragg grating with a high reflectivity. The output end mirror 15 is a fiber random grating.
The laser connection structure of the present invention is shown in fig. 1, wherein an output end of the pump light source 11 is connected to an input end of the wavelength division multiplexer 13, a reflection end of the wavelength division multiplexer 13 is connected to the reflection end mirror 12, a common end of the wavelength division multiplexer 13 is connected to one end of the raman gain fiber 14, the other end of the raman gain fiber 14 is connected to the output end mirror 15, one side of the output end mirror 15 is provided with an output port 16 of the laser, and the output port 16 is obliquely cut for eliminating parasitic feedback of the output port.
Further, the fiber bragg grating is a low-reflectivity fiber bragg grating, and the bandwidth of a reflection peak corresponding to a resonance peak in the laser should not be too narrow, which is particularly related to the cavity length and the output power of the laser. The high-reflectivity grating should ensure that the laser can only resonate at the reflection peak of a suitable reflectivity and bandwidth of the fiber random grating.
Further, the process for manufacturing the fiber random grating specifically includes the following steps:
(1) placing a section of optical fiber on a displacement platform, and making a sub-grating by means of a femtosecond laser direct writing method, wherein the sub-grating is a Bragg grating;
(2) randomly moving a position of a small distance along the optical fiber along the axial direction, writing a sub-grating again, and monitoring the reflection spectrum of the optical fiber random grating;
(3) and (3) repeating the step (2) until the fiber random grating reflection spectrum has a reflection peak with proper reflectivity and bandwidth.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the optical fiber random grating is formed by sub-gratings which are randomly distributed in the axial direction of an optical fiber, and the optical fiber random grating with low reflectivity and proper bandwidth can be prepared by adjusting parameters (such as length, refractive index modulation depth and the like) of the optical fiber random grating. The proper reflection peak is selected from a plurality of reflection peaks of the fiber random grating by the high-reflectivity high-reflection grating, at the moment, the fiber random grating plays a role of providing narrow-band random feedback, and the fiber random Raman laser is ensured to obtain high-power output of single wavelength under the actions of stimulated Raman scattering and large pumping power in the Raman gain fiber.
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
A fiber random Raman laser based on fiber random grating, the fiber random grating adopted is composed of a plurality of sub-gratings randomly distributed in the fiber axis direction, wherein the sub-gratings are Bragg gratings, the length of the no grating area adjacent to the sub-gratings is random, and the parameters (length, period and number) of the sub-gratings are determined according to the actual situation; the parameters of all sub-gratings in the same optical fiber random grating are the same or different; the length of the random fiber grating should be as small as possible to improve the probability of obtaining a reflection peak with a proper bandwidth; the fiber random grating should have at least one reflection peak with proper reflectivity and bandwidth, and the reflectivity and the reflection bandwidth are determined according to actual conditions.
Firstly, the optical fiber random grating needs to be manufactured, and the manufacturing method specifically comprises the following steps:
a. fixing an optical fiber for writing the optical fiber random grating on an electric moving platform, so that the incident direction of a writing laser beam is vertical to the axial direction of the optical fiber and is gathered in the fiber core of the optical fiber;
b. exposing the writing light source for a certain time to write sub-gratings in the optical fiber, wherein the sub-gratings are Bragg gratings;
c. the test light output by the broadband light source reaches the sub-grating through the optical fiber circulator, and a part of reflected light is reflected back to the optical fiber circulator and then is input into the spectrometer from the other port, so that the online monitoring of the reflection spectrum is realized;
d. moving the optical fiber by a length of random size along the axial direction through an electric displacement platform, exposing and writing a sub-grating again, and observing a reflection spectrum of the sub-grating after writing;
e. and d, repeating the step d until the obtained reflection spectrum of the optical fiber random grating has at least one reflection peak with proper bandwidth and reflectivity, and recording the reflection spectrum and the transmission spectrum which are manufactured by the optical fiber random grating.
The optical fiber in this embodiment is a common single-mode optical fiber, the writing method of the sub-grating adopts a femtosecond laser direct writing method, and the spectrum of the manufactured random fiber grating is as shown in fig. 2 (a) and fig. 2 (b), in this embodiment, the reflection peak with appropriate reflectivity and bandwidth refers to a reflection peak with a wavelength of 1549.48nm, the reflectivity of the reflection peak is 11.2%, and the 3dB bandwidth is 0.419 nm. The manufactured fiber random grating is composed of 11 sub-gratings with the length of 150 mu m, the distances of all the adjacent sub-gratings are randomly distributed within 50 mu m, and the total length of the random fiber grating is 1.9 mm.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the optical fiber random raman laser based on the random fiber grating includes a pump light source 11, pump light output by the pump light source 11 reaches a raman gain fiber 14 through a wavelength division multiplexer 13, the raman gain fiber 14 is a common single-mode fiber, and the length of the raman gain fiber is 2 km; the fiber random grating is used for providing random feedback, and the output port 16 of the laser is obliquely cut for avoiding parasitic feedback; the high-reflection grating and the optical fiber random grating jointly form a high-reflection cavity mirror and an output cavity mirror of the Fabry-Perot laser cavity.
In further detail, the laser adopts a high-reflection grating with the reflectivity of 97 percent and the 3dB bandwidth of 0.8 nm. The output power curve of the laser is shown in fig. 3, the threshold pump power is only 2.16W, the linear fitting of the laser output power curve shows that the slope efficiency is 91.6%, the maximum raman random laser output power of 6.44W can be obtained under the maximum pump power of 9.3W, and the corresponding optical conversion efficiency is 69.2%. The random laser spectrum of the laser at different pump powers is shown in fig. 4, the optical signal-to-noise ratio at the highest output power is about 55dB, the full width at half maximum (3dB bandwidth) and the variation of 20dB bandwidth with pump power of the random laser spectrum output by the laser are shown in fig. 5, and the inset in fig. 5 is the amplification around the threshold.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A fiber random Raman laser based on fiber random grating is characterized in that the laser adopts a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity structure, and comprises: the Raman fiber grating light source comprises a pumping light source (11), a reflecting end mirror (12), a wavelength division multiplexer (13), a Raman gain fiber (14) and an output end mirror (15), wherein the output end mirror (15) is a fiber random grating;
the reflecting end mirror (12) is connected to the reflecting end of the wavelength division multiplexer (13); the pumping light source (11) is connected to the input end of the wavelength division multiplexer (13); one end of the Raman gain fiber (14) is connected with the common end of the wavelength division multiplexer (13); the other end of the Raman gain fiber (14) is connected with the output end mirror (15);
the pumping light source (11) is used for generating pumping light, the pumping light is coupled into the Raman gain fiber (14) through the wavelength division multiplexer (13) to be excited, and the Raman gain fiber (14) is used for being excited to generate a Raman gain effect and amplifying the pumping light gain in an optical path; due to the random feedback effect of the output end mirror (15), the gain light passing through the reflecting end mirror (12) is amplified in the Raman gain fiber (14) and forms the output of random laser along with the increase of the pumping power.
2. The fiber random raman laser based on fiber random grating according to claim 1, wherein the output end mirror (15) is a fiber random grating formed by sub-gratings randomly distributed along the axial direction of the fiber, and the sub-gratings are bragg gratings.
3. The fiber random raman laser based on the fiber random grating according to claim 2, wherein the manufacturing method of the fiber random grating specifically comprises: and placing the optical fiber on an electric displacement platform, writing a sub-grating by using a writing light source, moving the optical fiber for a certain distance along the axial direction, writing a sub-grating again, monitoring the reflection spectrum of the sub-grating in real time in the writing process, and stopping writing until the reflection peaks of the required reflectivity and the bandwidth in the reflection spectrum are observed.
4. The fiber random grating-based fiber random raman laser according to claim 3, wherein the fiber is axially moved a distance of an arbitrary length such that the length of the non-grating region of the adjacent sub-gratings is a random length.
5. A fiber random Raman laser based on a fiber random grating according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein said reflecting end mirror (12) is a Bragg grating with high reflectivity.
6. The fiber random grating-based fiber random raman laser according to claim 5, wherein one end of the output end mirror (15) serves as an output port (16) of random laser light, and the output port (16) is obliquely cut to eliminate parasitic feedback of the output port.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113702357A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-11-26 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy device based on random grating compressed sensing and measurement method |
| CN115579718A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-01-06 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High-power dual-wavelength random distribution feedback Raman fiber laser |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113702357A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-11-26 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy device based on random grating compressed sensing and measurement method |
| CN113702357B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2024-04-12 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy device based on random grating compressed sensing and measurement method |
| CN115579718A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-01-06 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High-power dual-wavelength random distribution feedback Raman fiber laser |
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