CN112818450A - BIM (building information modeling) model organization method based on block index - Google Patents
BIM (building information modeling) model organization method based on block index Download PDFInfo
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
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- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of engineering construction management, aims to solve the problems of complex rendering process and high resource consumption of the existing die assembly presenting method, and provides a BIM (building information modeling) model organization method based on block indexes, wherein the scheme is summarized as follows: obtaining a plurality of BIM models, and converting the subcomponents in each BIM model into the same world coordinate space; merging all the monomer models into a block, and reassembling the block in a three-dimensional space; generating a sub-model group with a plurality of versions, and loading sub-models with different geometric details according to different preset conditions aiming at models at the same spatial position in the sub-model group; and identifying the original service reference ID of the corresponding pixel point model drawing element by using the pixel value, correspondingly and synchronously rendering each original service reference ID to a texture unit in the rendering process, and picking up the object according to the corresponding texture unit. The invention simplifies the rendering process of the BIM model and saves the resource consumption of the rendering process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering construction management, in particular to a BIM (building information modeling) model organization method based on block indexes.
Background
The Building Information model (Building Information Modeling) is a new tool for architecture, engineering and civil engineering. The building information model is used for describing computer aided design mainly based on three-dimensional graphics, object guidance and architecture.
The core of BIM is to provide a complete building engineering information base consistent with the actual situation for a virtual building engineering three-dimensional model by establishing the model and utilizing the digital technology. The information base not only contains geometrical information, professional attributes and state information describing building components, but also contains state information of non-component objects (such as space and motion behaviors). By means of the three-dimensional model containing the construction engineering information, the information integration degree of the construction engineering is greatly improved, and therefore a platform for engineering information exchange and sharing is provided for related interest parties of the construction engineering project.
In the process of information transfer of the BIM drawing, the requirements of rapid model merging and rendering are involved, and in the link, BIM models from different data production sources are extracted according to business scenes and are subjected to die assembly presentation according to the business models. For example, in a certain municipal road network project, an engineer A uses a REVIT design to produce a civil engineering structure drawing containing a comprehensive pipe gallery in a whole engineering road section, an engineer B uses a CATIA design to produce an electrical equipment mounting structure drawing in the comprehensive pipe gallery in the whole engineering road section, real-time data of all sensors in the engineering (road section) need to be visually presented in a comprehensive pipe gallery control IOT platform on the upper layer of a certain information service, the field environment presentation is simulated through a three-dimensional visualization technology, and BIM models of the civil engineering (road section) and electrical equipment structures need to be introduced to respond to the requirement and are respectively visually overlaid and presented.
In the prior art, in order to realize mold closing presentation of BIM models from different sources, the following technical scheme is generally adopted: one is to perform mold closing presentation of the BIM model through various model file loaders for real-time analysis, such as non-cache model file loaders like OBJ, OFF, FBX, etc. The other is a pre-generation model caching scheme based on the OpenGL ES standard, which represents a glTF standard and derivatives developed by referring to the characteristics of the glTF standard, and the data serialization scheme can be put into memory binding of an OpenGL Buffer object and directly written into a binary file Buffer. However, in the process of mold closing presentation, if the component granularity of the original design model is the mold closing physical unit, a huge model structure tree is generated, which is extremely not beneficial to the quick response of various real-time rendering systems. In addition, the basic rule of OpenGL is to execute a drawing process according to a drawing instruction when performing rendering, and one rendering instruction can be approximately regarded as a life cycle of one rendering process (group), and the process resource opening and destruction process consumes a large amount of resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of complex rendering process and high resource consumption of the existing die assembly presenting method, and provides a BIM model organization method based on block indexes.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the BIM organization method based on the block index comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining a plurality of BIM models from different sources, and converting the subcomponents in each BIM model into the same world coordinate space through coordinate conversion;
step 2, merging all the monomer models in the world coordinate space into a preset number of blocks, coloring the peaks of the blocks according to requirements, reassembling the preset number of blocks in a three-dimensional space based on block indexes, and restoring an original assembly scene;
step 3, skeletonizing all the monomer models in the original assembly scene, generating sub-model groups of a plurality of versions, wherein the logic objects of the sub-model groups of each version are consistent, but the geometric details are gradually decreased, and loading the sub-models with different geometric details according to different preset conditions for the models at the same spatial position in the sub-model groups;
and 4, identifying the original service reference ID of the corresponding pixel point model drawing element by using the pixel value in the visual area of the screen, correspondingly and synchronously rendering each original service reference ID to a texture unit in the rendering process, and picking up the object according to the corresponding texture unit.
Further, in step 1, the method for converting the subcomponents in the plurality of BIM models into the same world coordinate space includes:
and instantiating the Isolate class of the sub-components in each BIM model to obtain the world coordinates of the sub-components in each BIM model, so that the sub-components in the BIM models are converted into the same world coordinate space.
Further, in step 2, the method for merging all the haplotype models in the world coordinate space into a preset number of blocks includes:
performing primitive-by-primitive cutting on the single model located in the block boundary area, wherein the primitive-by-primitive cutting comprises the following steps: and (3) not cutting a primitive, and for the single model positioned in the block boundary area, placing the single model in the block corresponding to the position of the main part of the single model, wherein the primitive is used for representing the basic geometric figure unit.
Further, in step 2, the method for merging all the haplotype models in the world coordinate space into a preset number of blocks further includes:
performing patch-by-patch cutting on the single model located in the block boundary region, wherein the patch-by-patch cutting comprises: and (4) the graphics primitives are scattered to a triangular surface, and for the single model located in the block boundary area, the single model is cut according to the block boundary area and then is placed in the block at the corresponding position.
Further, in step 3, for the monomer model, the monomer model is simplified to different degrees based on an inverse algorithm of a kriging subdivision algorithm, and a plurality of versions of monomer submodels with different geometric details are obtained.
Further, in step 3, for the block model, the block model is simplified to different degrees by randomly discarding the feature points, so as to obtain a plurality of versions of block sub models with different geometric details.
Further, in step 3, the different preset conditions include: different model magnifications.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the BIM model organization method based on the block index, a large number of single models are combined into a few blocks, so that the frequency of using DrawCall drawing instructions by OpenGL is effectively reduced in the primitive drawing process, the BIM model rendering process is simplified, and the resource consumption of the rendering process is saved. In addition, the monomer model can be conveniently and correspondingly operated through real-time object texture detection on the block data.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to examples.
The invention aims to solve the problems of complex rendering process and high resource consumption of the existing die assembly presenting method, and provides a BIM (building information modeling) model organization method based on block indexes, wherein the technical scheme is summarized as follows: acquiring a plurality of BIM models from different sources, and converting the sub-components in each BIM model into the same world coordinate space through coordinate conversion; merging all the monomer models in the world coordinate space into a preset number of blocks, coloring the peaks of the blocks according to requirements, reassembling the preset number of blocks in a three-dimensional space based on block indexes, and restoring an original assembly scene; skeletonizing all the monomer models in the original assembly scene, and generating a plurality of versions of sub-model groups, wherein the logic objects of the sub-model groups of each version are consistent, but the geometric details are gradually decreased, and the sub-models with different geometric details are loaded into the models at the same spatial position in the sub-model groups according to different preset conditions; and in the visual area of the screen, using the pixel value to identify the original service reference ID of the corresponding pixel point model drawing element, correspondingly and synchronously rendering each original service reference ID to a texture unit in the rendering process, and picking up the object according to the corresponding texture unit.
The method comprises the following steps of firstly, an expansion stage, namely converting a plurality of acquired BIM models from different sources into a unified world coordinate space, and then, a blocking stage, specifically, for each BIM model, a large number of monomer models are included, all the monomer models in each BIM model are combined into corresponding blocks, the number of the blocks is small, so that the frequency of using DrawCall drawing instructions by OpenGL is effectively reduced in a primitive drawing process, after the monomer models are combined into the blocks, the blocks are subjected to vertex coloring according to actual requirements, and then, a preset number of the blocks are reassembled in a three-dimensional space based on block indexes. And then an LOD layering stage, namely skeletonizing the single model by a thinning scheme, generating a plurality of versions of sub-model groups, wherein the logic objects of the sub-model groups of each version are consistent, but the geometric details are gradually reduced, and loading models with different geometric details according to different preset conditions aiming at the models at the same spatial position in the sub-model groups. And finally, an object texture detection stage, wherein in the blocking stage, a plurality of monomer model geometries distributed at spatially adjacent positions are combined into a single geometry, so that independent coding of services and corresponding operation on the single model are difficult to perform, and therefore, the problem can be solved by performing object texture detection on block data, specifically: in a visual area of a screen, original service reference IDs of corresponding pixel point model drawing elements are identified by pixel values, in the rendering process, each original service reference ID is correspondingly and synchronously rendered to a texture unit, and object picking is carried out according to the corresponding texture unit, so that independent coding can be conveniently carried out on services, and corresponding operation can be conveniently carried out on a single model.
Examples
In order to calculate the three basic geometric classes of point, line and plane in the memory, respectively, before step 1, a geometric monomer base class and three subclasses need to be designed in advance. According to the OpenGL ES standard, any type of model expression can be classified as a floating-point array as a structure body for basic data loading. The number group items can be correspondingly interpreted as follows according to the geometric type division: the point cloud, the arc segment set, the triangular surface set and the rendering identifiers of the three are different, but the data structures are similar, and the triangular surface set is taken as an example to explain the workflow of the embodiment.
The BIM model organization method based on the block index comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining a plurality of BIM models from different sources, and converting the subcomponents in each BIM model into the same world coordinate space through coordinate conversion;
in this embodiment, the method for converting the subcomponents in the plurality of BIM models into the same world coordinate space includes:
and instantiating the Isolate class of the sub-components in each BIM model to obtain the world coordinates of the sub-components in each BIM model, so that the sub-components in the BIM models are converted into the same world coordinate space.
The instantiation process of the Isolate class needs to multiply the model construction in the design draft by respective model matrixes and pre-multiply a conversion matrix from the drawing coordinate of the design document to the world coordinate.
The step is an expansion stage, in which an instance object, namely, the Isolate _ mesh _ root, of the Isolate mesh class is used for data management, and only data is expanded, but merging is not performed. That is, each child component parsed from the design structure tree is instantiated by the IsolateMesh class and is mounted in the isolate _ mesh _ root _ child. At this point, all models are in a continuous space ready for further block combining and modeling.
Step 2, merging all the monomer models in the world coordinate space into a preset number of blocks, coloring the peaks of the blocks according to requirements, reassembling the preset number of blocks in a three-dimensional space based on block indexes, and restoring an original assembly scene;
in this embodiment, there are two methods for merging all the haplotype models in the world coordinate space into a preset number of blocks:
(1) performing primitive-by-primitive cutting on the single model located in the block boundary area, wherein the primitive-by-primitive cutting comprises the following steps: and (4) not cutting the graphic element, and placing the single model positioned in the block boundary area in the block corresponding to the position of the main part of the single model.
Wherein, the primitive is a basic geometric figure unit, which can be understood as: point, line, plane. The GpenGL standard defines a series of ways to draw primitives, i.e., graphics of the same (similar) representation can be drawn in a variety of ways.
(2) Performing patch-by-patch cutting on the single model located in the block boundary region, wherein the patch-by-patch cutting comprises: and (4) the graphics primitives are scattered to a triangular surface, and for the single model located in the block boundary area, the single model is cut according to the block boundary area and then is placed in the block at the corresponding position.
The two modes have advantages respectively, are not conflicted and can be used in a mixed way. When the large-size model and the small-size model are in mixed layout, the large-size model is cut piece by piece, and the balanced data distribution across the blocks is facilitated.
And merging the monomer models into the blocks, and performing vertex coloring on the blocks according to actual requirements.
When drawing a model, OpenGL ES runs two different types of programmable rendering pipelines, namely a vertex shader and a slice source shader, respectively. During the operation of the vertex shader, the program can calculate and sample vertex by vertex, and transfer some variables obtained by calculation to the fragment shader. Values for expressing color can be passed by these variables. The vertex coloring means that in an attribute list of model data, a field for expressing color is additionally stored besides a POSITION field for describing the color of each vertex, and a shader directly performs interpolation coloring through the vertex color during rendering.
It can be understood that the block index is to reassemble a large number of blocks optimized by drawcall in a three-dimensional space through a set of pyramid-shaped index specifications, so as to restore the overall appearance of the original assembly scene. Under the set of indexing mechanism, the scene has original visual effect and complete set information, and simultaneously has data compression and network transmission optimization.
In this embodiment, the elements in the scene are no longer stored/transmitted/rendered in the original primitive manner, but are organized in a block manner, and the scene is reconstructed by block indexes, which is beneficial to the large-scale increase of the bearing quantity of the geometric elements in the scene.
Step 3, skeletonizing all the monomer models in the original assembly scene, generating sub-model groups of a plurality of versions, wherein the logic objects of the sub-model groups of each version are consistent, but the geometric details are gradually decreased, and loading models with different geometric details according to different preset conditions for the models at the same spatial position in the sub-model groups;
in this embodiment, two thinning schemes are adopted for generating the sub-model groups of multiple versions:
(1) and for the monomer model, simplifying the monomer model to different degrees based on the inverse algorithm of the kriging subdivision algorithm to obtain the monomer submodel with multiple versions with different geometric details.
(2) And for the block model, simplifying the block model to different degrees in a mode of randomly discarding the feature points to obtain a plurality of versions of block sub-models with different geometric details.
The method comprises the steps of generating a plurality of versions of sub-model groups through two thinning schemes in a layered LOD stage, wherein the logic objects of the sub-model groups of each version are consistent, but the geometric details are gradually decreased, and the sub-models with different geometric details are loaded into the models at the same spatial position in the sub-model groups according to different preset conditions.
Wherein, different preset conditions include: different model magnifications, i.e. submodels with different geometrical details are loaded according to different model magnifications.
And 4, identifying the original service reference ID of the corresponding pixel point model drawing element by using the pixel value in the visual area of the screen, correspondingly and synchronously rendering each original service reference ID to a texture unit in the rendering process, and picking up the object according to the corresponding texture unit.
It can be understood that this step is object texture detection, and since in the blocking stage, a plurality of monomer model geometries distributed at spatially adjacent positions are combined into a single geometry, it is difficult to independently code services and correspondingly operate the monomer models, and therefore, this problem can be solved by performing object texture detection on block data.
The object texture is a special texture generated by an RTT (rendering to texture) technology, the size of the texture is as large as a screen visible area, and in the screen visible area, an original service reference ID of a corresponding pixel point drawing element is identified by using a pixel value, namely, an ID Buffer equal to a vertex Buffer element is established for a block graphic Buffer as each vertex identification ID in a model geometric data preparation stage. The ID is synchronously and independently rendered to a texture unit in the rendering process, so that the object can be picked up according to the texture unit, and further, the service can be conveniently and independently coded and the corresponding operation can be conveniently carried out on the single model.
Claims (7)
1. The BIM organization method based on block index is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, obtaining a plurality of BIM models from different sources, and converting the subcomponents in each BIM model into the same world coordinate space through coordinate conversion;
step 2, merging all the monomer models in the world coordinate space into a preset number of blocks, coloring the peaks of the blocks according to requirements, reassembling the preset number of blocks in a three-dimensional space based on block indexes, and restoring an original assembly scene;
step 3, skeletonizing all the monomer models in the original assembly scene, generating sub-model groups of a plurality of versions, wherein the logic objects of the sub-model groups of each version are consistent, but the geometric details are gradually decreased, and loading the sub-models with different geometric details according to different preset conditions for the models at the same spatial position in the sub-model groups;
and 4, identifying the original service reference ID of the corresponding pixel point model drawing element by using the pixel value in the visual area of the screen, correspondingly and synchronously rendering each original service reference ID to a texture unit in the rendering process, and picking up the object according to the corresponding texture unit.
2. The BIM model organizing method based on block index as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1, the method for transforming the sub-components in the BIM models into the same world coordinate space comprises:
and instantiating the Isolate class of the sub-components in each BIM model to obtain the world coordinates of the sub-components in each BIM model, so that the sub-components in the BIM models are converted into the same world coordinate space.
3. The BIM model organization method based on block index as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, the method of merging all the monomer models in the world coordinate space into a preset number of blocks comprises:
performing primitive-by-primitive cutting on the single model located in the block boundary area, wherein the primitive-by-primitive cutting comprises the following steps: and (3) not cutting a primitive, and for the single model positioned in the block boundary area, placing the single model in the block corresponding to the position of the main part of the single model, wherein the primitive is used for representing the basic geometric figure unit.
4. The BIM model organization method based on block index as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, the method of merging all the haplotype models in the world coordinate space into a preset number of blocks further comprises:
performing patch-by-patch cutting on the single model located in the block boundary region, wherein the patch-by-patch cutting comprises: and (4) the graphics primitives are scattered to a triangular surface, and for the single model located in the block boundary area, the single model is cut according to the block boundary area and then is placed in the block at the corresponding position.
5. The BIM model organization method based on block index as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, for the monomer model, the monomer model is simplified to different degrees based on the inverse algorithm of the kriging subdivision algorithm, so as to obtain a plurality of versions of monomer submodels with different geometric details.
6. The BIM organizing method based on block index as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, the block model is simplified to different degrees by discarding the feature points randomly, so as to obtain multiple versions of block sub-models with different geometric details.
7. The BIM organizing method based on block index of claim 1, wherein in step 3, the different predetermined conditions include: different model magnifications.
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