CN112817018A - GNSS reflected signal modeling method considering ocean current influence - Google Patents
GNSS reflected signal modeling method considering ocean current influence Download PDFInfo
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- CN112817018A CN112817018A CN202110173793.7A CN202110173793A CN112817018A CN 112817018 A CN112817018 A CN 112817018A CN 202110173793 A CN202110173793 A CN 202110173793A CN 112817018 A CN112817018 A CN 112817018A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
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Abstract
The invention discloses a GNSS reflected signal modeling method considering ocean current influence, which comprises the following steps: acquiring space parameter information; the spatial parameter information comprises ocean current velocity and average wind speed; constructing a composite wave spectrum based on the spatial parameter information; performing linear filtering processing on the composite wave spectrum; constructing a random sea surface according to the composite wave spectrum after linear filtering; determining a scattering coefficient based on the random sea surface and the composite ocean wave spectrum after linear filtering processing; and determining a GNSS reflected signal model considering the influence of the ocean current according to the scattering coefficient. According to the method, the influence of ocean current is comprehensively considered when the GNSS reflected signal model is established, the accuracy of establishing the GNSS reflected signal model is improved, the accuracy and the authenticity of the GNSS reflected signal predicted by analog simulation are further improved, and a guarantee is provided for the development of a simulator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of reflected signal modeling, in particular to a GNSS reflected signal modeling method considering ocean current influence.
Background
The GNSS-R (Global Navigation Satellite System-reflection) technology is a new branch of the GNSS technology of the Global Navigation Satellite System developed since 1997, and is one of the research hotspots in the fields of remote sensing telemetry and Navigation positioning at home and abroad. The method utilizes the reflection signal of the navigation satellite to remotely sense the sea surface, realizes the extraction of the physical characteristics of the reflection surface of the detection target or the detection of the moving target, can obtain the parameters of the effective wave height, the sea level, the sea surface wind speed, the wind direction and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of sea surface wind measurement, sea surface height measurement, sea ice detection, sea salt detection, sea surface oil spill, soil humidity and the like. Compared with other ocean remote sensing technologies, the GNSS-R technology has the advantages of high time, high spatial resolution, low cost, rich signal sources, high maneuverability and the like, is complementary with the advantages of other detection means, can increase the diversity of remote sensing detection means, and makes up the situation of insufficient local detection means. Therefore, the GNSS-R technology has important research significance and wide application prospect.
In the GNSS-R technology, simulation research is an important ring. At present, a great deal of research is carried out on the aspects of reflected signal modeling, reflected signal model simulation and the like at home and abroad, a great deal of tests including airborne tests, balloon tests, satellite-borne tests and shore-based tests are carried out, and some reflected signal models such as Z-V models are provided. At present, the research of GNSS-R simulation is mostly based on wind-driven wave spectrums, and other influence factors are not considered, so that more real reflected signal simulation under a complex environment cannot be carried out. Taking ocean currents as an example, ocean current-induced sea surface roughness changes can introduce errors in GNSS-R remote sensing, further influence scattering of GNSS reflected signals, and influence is remarkable in L wave band. The existing GNSS reflected signal model does not consider the influence of ocean currents, so that the accuracy and the authenticity of the GNSS reflected signal predicted by analog simulation are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a GNSS reflected signal modeling method considering ocean current influence so as to improve the accuracy of building a GNSS reflected signal model.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a GNSS reflected signal modeling method considering the influence of ocean currents, the method including:
step S1: acquiring space parameter information; the spatial parameter information comprises ocean current velocity and average wind speed;
step S2: constructing a composite wave spectrum based on the spatial parameter information;
step S3: performing linear filtering processing on the composite wave spectrum;
step S4: constructing a random sea surface according to the composite wave spectrum after linear filtering;
step S5: determining a scattering coefficient based on the random sea surface and the composite ocean wave spectrum after linear filtering processing;
step S6: and determining a GNSS reflected signal model considering the influence of the ocean current according to the scattering coefficient.
Optionally, the composite ocean wave spectrum is constructed based on the spatial parameter information, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein S iswind+currents(k) For the composite wave spectrum, α and β are constants, 0.74 and 0.81 × 10 respectively-2，UcIs the ocean current velocity, c is the phase velocity, k is the wave number of the incident wave, g is the gravitational acceleration, U10The average wind speed at 10 meters above sea surface.
Optionally, the determining a scattering coefficient based on the random sea surface and the composite ocean wave spectrum after the linear filtering processing specifically includes:
step S51: determining reflection event geometric parameters under a WGS-84 coordinate system based on the random sea surface;
step S52: calculating a scattering vector according to the geometrical parameters of the reflection event under the WGS-84 coordinate system;
step S53: determining the mean square gradient of the sea surface according to the composite sea wave spectrum after linear filtering processing;
step S54: calculating a probability density function of the sea surface mean square gradient;
step S55: and determining a scattering coefficient according to the scattering vector and the probability density function.
Optionally, the reflection event geometric parameters include scattering point coordinates, an incidence unit vector, and a scattering unit vector.
Optionally, the scattering coefficient is determined according to the scattering vector and the probability density function, and a specific formula is as follows:
wherein σswell,KA-GOWhich is indicative of the scattering coefficient of the light,
representing the Fresnel reflection coefficient, q representing the scattering vector, | q |, qzAnd q is⊥The modulus of the scattering vector q, the modulus of the normal component of q and the modulus of the horizontal component of q, PpdfA probability density function representing the mean square slope of the sea surface.
Optionally, the mean square gradient of the sea surface is determined according to the scattering vector and the composite ocean wave spectrum after linear filtering, and a specific formula is as follows:
wherein K represents the wave number of incident waves, S (K) is a composite wave spectrum considering ocean current influence after linear filtering treatment, KcCut-off wavenumber for large scale roughness.
Optionally, the GNSS reflected signal model considering the influence of the ocean current is determined according to the scattering coefficient, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,<|Y(τ,f)|2>representing a model of GNSS reflected signals, P, taking into account the effects of ocean currentstRepresenting transmitter power, GtDenotes the transmit antenna gain, λ is the pilot signal wavelength, TcFor coherent integration time, Gr_x,yRepresents a scattering unit Sx,yGain of receiving antenna of (1), σp,q_x,yA scattering unit S for p-polarized incident wave corresponding to q-polarized reflected wavex,yScattering coefficient of Rt_x,y、Rr_x,yRespectively representing the GNSS satellite and the receiving antenna to the scattering unit Sx,yA is a pseudo-random code autocorrelation function, S is a Doppler filter function, tau is a time delay, c is a speed of light, f is a distancex,yIndicating the doppler frequency, f the carrier frequency, x, y the length and width of the scattering element, respectively.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a GNSS reflected signal modeling method considering ocean current influence, which comprises the following steps: acquiring space parameter information; the spatial parameter information comprises ocean current velocity and average wind speed; constructing a composite wave spectrum based on the spatial parameter information; performing linear filtering processing on the composite wave spectrum; constructing a random sea surface according to the composite wave spectrum after linear filtering; determining a scattering coefficient based on the random sea surface and the composite ocean wave spectrum after linear filtering processing; and determining a GNSS reflected signal model considering the influence of the ocean current according to the scattering coefficient. According to the method, the influence of ocean current is comprehensively considered when the GNSS reflected signal model is established, the accuracy of establishing the GNSS reflected signal model is improved, the accuracy and the authenticity of the GNSS reflected signal predicted by analog simulation are further improved, and a guarantee is provided for the development of a simulator.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a GNSS reflected signal modeling method considering an influence of ocean currents according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a simulation diagram of a composite wave spectrum at different ocean current velocities according to example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a simulation result of a GNSS reflected signal model considering the influence of ocean currents in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a GNSS reflected signal modeling method considering ocean current influence so as to improve the accuracy of building a GNSS reflected signal model.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Ocean currents are different from stormy waves and refer to relatively stable flow of ocean surface seawater in a certain direction in a large scale throughout the year. Under the action of wind or hot salt effect, the surface seawater moves, and the upper layer seawater drives the lower layer seawater to flow, so as to form ocean current. Ocean currents exist on the surface of each sea area throughout the year, and the roughness of the sea surface on the propagation path of the ocean currents is influenced.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention discloses a GNSS reflected signal modeling method considering ocean current influence, the method comprising:
step S1: acquiring space parameter information; the spatial parameter information includes an ocean current velocity and an average wind speed.
Step S2: constructing a composite wave spectrum based on the spatial parameter information; the composite wave spectrum is a wave spectrum under the common influence of sea wind and ocean current.
Step S3: and carrying out linear filtering processing on the composite wave spectrum.
Step S4: and constructing a random sea surface according to the composite wave spectrum after linear filtering processing.
Step S5: and determining a scattering coefficient based on the random sea surface and the composite ocean wave spectrum after linear filtering processing.
Step S6: and determining a GNSS reflected signal model considering the influence of the ocean current according to the scattering coefficient.
The individual steps are discussed in detail below:
step S2: constructing a composite wave spectrum based on the spatial parameter information, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
wherein S iswind+currents(k) For the composite wave spectrum, α and β are constants, 0.74 and 0.81 × 10 respectively-2，UcIs the ocean current velocity, c is the phase velocity, k is the wave number of the incident wave, g is the gravitational acceleration, U10The average wind speed at 10 meters above sea surface.
The composite wave spectrum considering the influence of ocean current factors is simulated, and the simulation result under different ocean current speeds is shown in fig. 2.
When the influence of ocean currents is considered, the ocean currents influence the roughness of the sea surface, and the scattering coefficient of the reflecting surface changes. Therefore, it is a precondition for modeling to accurately find the scattering coefficient affected by ocean currents, and the specific steps for determining the scattering coefficient are as follows:
step S51: determining reflection event geometric parameters under a WGS-84 coordinate system based on the random sea surface; the reflection event geometric parameters include scattering point coordinates, an incidence unit vector, and a scattering unit vector. In this embodiment, the WGS-84 Coordinate System (World geographic System-1984 Coordinate System) has the origin of coordinates of the earth's centroid, and the Y axis is perpendicular to the Z axis and the X axis to form a right-hand Coordinate System.
Step S52: the scatter vector is calculated from the reflection event geometry in the WGS-84 coordinate system.
Step S53: determining the mean square gradient of the sea surface according to the composite sea wave spectrum after linear filtering treatment, wherein the concrete formula is as follows:
wherein K represents the wave number of incident waves, S (K) is a composite wave spectrum considering ocean current influence after linear filtering treatment, KcCutoff wave number for large scale roughness, from KcCalculated as 2 pi cos θ/3 λ, θ and λ are the angle of incidence and the signal wavelength, respectively.
Step S54: and calculating a probability density function of the sea surface mean square gradient.
Step S55: determining a scattering coefficient according to the scattering vector and the probability density function, wherein a specific formula is as follows:
wherein σswell,KA-GOWhich is indicative of the scattering coefficient of the light,
representing the Fresnel reflection coefficient, q representing the scattering vector, | q |, qzAnd q is⊥The modulus of the scattering vector q, the modulus of the normal component of q and the modulus of the horizontal component of q, PpdfA probability density function representing the mean square slope of the sea surface.
The scattering coefficient was calculated under the condition of Kirchhoff-geometric-optical approximation (KA-GO).
Step S6: determining a GNSS reflected signal model considering ocean current influence according to the scattering coefficient, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,<|Y(τ,f)|2>representing a model of GNSS reflected signals, P, taking into account the effects of ocean currentstRepresenting transmitter power, GtDenotes the transmit antenna gain, λ is the pilot signal wavelength, TcFor coherent integration time, Gr_x,yRepresents a scattering unit Sx,yGain of receiving antenna of (1), σp,q_x,yIndicating p-polarized incident wave corresponding to q-polarizationScattering unit S in reflected wavex,yScattering coefficient of Rt_x,y、Rr_x,yRespectively representing the GNSS satellite and the receiving antenna to the scattering unit Sx,yA is a pseudo-random code autocorrelation function, S is a Doppler filter function, tau is a time delay, c is a speed of light, f is a distancex,yIndicating the doppler frequency, f the carrier frequency, x, y the length and width of the scattering element, respectively.
Example 2
According to the invention, under two simulation conditions of only considering the influence of sea wind and simultaneously considering the influence of sea wind and sea surface ocean current, DDM results obtained by simulation have similar waveform shapes and trends. The DDM waveform has obvious horseshoe-shaped characteristics, conforms to a typical theoretical DDM waveform rule, and can prove that the established GNSS reflected signal model considering the influence of ocean currents on the sea surface is feasible.
As shown in FIG. 3, (a) - (e) are DDMs obtained by simulation with sea surface ocean current velocities of 1m/s, 0.5m/s, 0m/s, -0.5m/s, -1m/s, respectively, and as can be seen from (a) - (e) in FIG. 3, under the same sea surface wind speed condition, different sea surface ocean current conditions can obviously influence the related power obtained by simulation. After adding the sea surface ocean current influencing factor, the change of the sea surface roughness causes the relevant power to change. The concrete expression is as follows: when sea wind and sea surface ocean current are opposite in direction, the collision of ocean current and wind wave causes the roughness of the sea surface to be increased, the diffuse reflection at the reflecting surface is enhanced, the specular reflection part is reduced, and the related power is obviously reduced; when sea wind and ocean current are in the same direction, the sea surface tends to be flat, the roughness of the sea surface is reduced, diffuse reflection at the reflecting surface is reduced, specular reflection is increased, and related power is obviously increased.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for modeling GNSS reflected signals considering the effects of ocean currents, the method comprising:
step S1: acquiring space parameter information; the spatial parameter information comprises ocean current velocity and average wind speed;
step S2: constructing a composite wave spectrum based on the spatial parameter information;
step S3: performing linear filtering processing on the composite wave spectrum;
step S4: constructing a random sea surface according to the composite wave spectrum after linear filtering;
step S5: determining a scattering coefficient based on the random sea surface and the composite ocean wave spectrum after linear filtering processing;
step S6: and determining a GNSS reflected signal model considering the influence of the ocean current according to the scattering coefficient.
2. The GNSS reflected signal modeling method considering ocean current influence according to claim 1, wherein the composite ocean wave spectrum is constructed based on the spatial parameter information, and the concrete formula is as follows:
wherein S iswind+currents(k) For the composite wave spectrum, α and β are constants, 0.74 and 0.81 × 10 respectively-2，UcIs the ocean current velocity, c is the phase velocity, k is the wave number of the incident wave, g is the gravitational acceleration, U10The average wind speed at 10 meters above sea surface.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining scattering coefficients based on the stochastic sea surface and the linear filtered composite ocean wave spectrum comprises:
step S51: determining reflection event geometric parameters under a WGS-84 coordinate system based on the random sea surface;
step S52: calculating a scattering vector according to the geometrical parameters of the reflection event under the WGS-84 coordinate system;
step S53: determining the mean square gradient of the sea surface according to the composite sea wave spectrum after linear filtering processing;
step S54: calculating a probability density function of the sea surface mean square gradient;
step S55: and determining a scattering coefficient according to the scattering vector and the probability density function.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the reflection event geometry parameters comprise scattering point coordinates, an incidence unit vector and a scattering unit vector.
5. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method for modeling GNSS reflected signals considering ocean current influence determines scattering coefficients according to the scattering vectors and the probability density function, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein σswell,KA-GOWhich is indicative of the scattering coefficient of the light,
representing the Fresnel reflection coefficient, q representing the scattering vector, | q |, qzAnd q is⊥The modulus of the scattering vector q, the modulus of the normal component of q and the modulus of the horizontal component of q, PpdfA probability density function representing the mean square slope of the sea surface.
6. The GNSS reflected signal modeling method considering ocean current influence according to claim 3, wherein the sea surface mean square gradient is determined according to the scattering vector and the composite ocean wave spectrum after linear filtering, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein K represents the wave number of incident waves, S (K) is a composite wave spectrum considering ocean current influence after linear filtering treatment, KcCut-off wavenumber for large scale roughness.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the model of the GNSS reflected signals considering the influence of the ocean currents is determined according to the scattering coefficients, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,<|Y(τ,f)|2>representing a model of GNSS reflected signals, P, taking into account the effects of ocean currentstRepresenting transmitter power, GtDenotes the transmit antenna gain, λ is the pilot signal wavelength, TcFor coherent integration time, Gr_x,yRepresents a scattering unit Sx,yGain of receiving antenna of (1), σp,q_x,yA scattering unit S for p-polarized incident wave corresponding to q-polarized reflected wavex,yScattering coefficient of Rt_x,y、Rr_x,yRespectively representing the GNSS satellite and the receiving antenna to the scattering unit Sx,yA is a pseudo-random code autocorrelation function, S is a Doppler filter function, tau is a time delay, c is a speed of light, f is a distancex,yIndicating the doppler frequency, f the carrier frequency, x, y the length and width of the scattering element, respectively.
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