CN112816802B - Transformer basic noise level assessment method - Google Patents
Transformer basic noise level assessment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112816802B CN112816802B CN202011527231.XA CN202011527231A CN112816802B CN 112816802 B CN112816802 B CN 112816802B CN 202011527231 A CN202011527231 A CN 202011527231A CN 112816802 B CN112816802 B CN 112816802B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/26—Measuring noise figure; Measuring signal-to-noise ratio
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/62—Testing of transformers
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the level of fundamental noise of a transformer, which comprises the following steps: step 1: calculating an initial noise level of the transformer, wherein the initial noise level of the transformer refers to noise corresponding to the transformer when the transformer is used for the first time; step 2: and calculating the noise level of the transformer in the corresponding working year based on the working year of the transformer. The invention has the advantages that: the basic noise level of the transformer after the corresponding running time is calculated through different running times of the transformer, the basic noise level corresponding to the running life of the transformer can be quickly and conveniently calculated, and the accurate basic noise level is provided for the transformer to judge the fault state of the transformer based on the noise.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of transformer operation state detection, in particular to a transformer basic noise level evaluation method.
Background
In a power system, transformers are one of important power devices, and have a high failure rate because of their large number, long operation time, and many types of specifications. Therefore, the method has important significance for monitoring the running state of the transformer, quickly diagnosing faults and improving the running reliability of the transformer. And when the transformer normally operates, the noise level intensity is stable. 1. When the running condition of the transformer is abnormal, the noise intensity fluctuates in different degrees; 2. as the service life of the transformer increases, the noise intensity of the transformer changes. The influence of the increase of the service life of the transformer on the noise of the transformer is different from the influence of the noise generated abnormally, and if the basic noise of the transformer in normal operation can be evaluated, basic parameters can be provided for judging whether the noise of the transformer is abnormal or not. In order to quickly predict the operation condition of the transformer, the basic noise level of the transformer needs to be evaluated. With the continuous development of the acoustic diagnosis technology of the transformer, noise analysis methods, acoustic emission analysis technologies and ultrasonic analysis methods are mainly applied at present. Although the methods are accurate in basic noise evaluation of the transformer, the implementation scheme of the calculation mode is relatively complex, and based on the basic noise level evaluation method based on nameplate parameters of the dry-type transformer, the method can be used for rapidly evaluating the basic noise level of the transformer, evaluating whether the operation state is abnormal or not according to the basic noise level of the transformer, considering the service life of the transformer and being good in applicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for evaluating the basic noise level of a transformer, which is used for quickly evaluating and judging the basic noise level of the transformer and further evaluating the running state of the transformer according to the noise evaluation level.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a transformer base noise level assessment method comprises the following steps:
step 1: calculating an initial noise level of the transformer, wherein the initial noise level of the transformer refers to noise corresponding to the transformer when the transformer is used for the first time;
step 2: and calculating the noise level of the transformer in the corresponding working age based on the working age of the transformer.
The method for calculating the initial noise level comprises the following steps:
obtaining rated power, running power and short circuit impedance data of the transformer, and calculating the initial noise level E of the transformer according to the following formula0Comprises the following steps:
E0＝17.5log10(Sr·uk)+2.7log10Sb+15
wherein the rated power is in MVA, SbFor the operating power of the transformer, SrIs rated power, U, of the transformerkIs the short-circuit impedance of the transformer.
In step 2, the load noise level E of the transformer is calculated based on the using time of the transformer(t)Load noise level E(t)Calculated using the following formula:
wherein E is0Is the initial noise level of the transformer when leaving the factory; t is the service time of the transformer, and the unit is year; t is the decay time constant.
The decay time constant T is calculated by means of pre-calibration.
The calibration method of the decay time constant T comprises the following steps: carrying out noise measurement on transformers of the same type to obtain noise levels of the same transformer at different use times, and substituting the noise levels and the use times of the transformers into a formula
And calculating to obtain the attenuation time constant T of the transformer of the model.
Noise level E of transformer after t years of use obtained by calculation(t)And E is(t)And comparing the noise Ec with the noise Ec of the transformer measured in the field, and evaluating the noise state of the transformer according to the difference of the noise Ec and the noise Ec.
The invention has the advantages that: the basic noise level of the transformer after the corresponding running time is calculated through different running times of the transformer, the basic noise level corresponding to the running life of the transformer can be quickly and conveniently calculated, and the accurate basic noise level is provided for the transformer to judge the fault state of the transformer based on the noise. And the calculation result is accurate and reliable, the noise-based level of the transformer under normal operation can be estimated, and whether the operation state of the transformer is abnormal or not can be conveniently judged from the noise angle according to the noise level of the transformer under normal operation and the noise level measured in real time.
Detailed Description
The following description of preferred embodiments will provide further details of the present invention.
In the prior art, when a transformer normally operates, the noise level intensity is stable, when the transformer is abnormal, noise fluctuates in different degrees, the operation abnormality of the transformer can be judged based on the fluctuation in the prior art, however, the basic noise level of the transformer can change along with the working time, the basic noise level represents the noise state of the transformer in normal operation after the transformer operates for a certain time, and if the basic noise level can be accurately and reliably calculated and evaluated, the calculated noise level and the actually measured noise level can be compared, so that whether the transformer operates abnormally or not can be judged.
The method for evaluating the basic noise of the transformer after the transformer operates for a period of time comprises the following steps:
step 1: calculating an initial noise level of the transformer, wherein the initial noise level of the transformer refers to noise corresponding to the transformer when the transformer is used for the first time;
and 2, step: and calculating the noise level of the transformer in the corresponding working year based on the working year of the transformer.
The method for calculating the initial noise level comprises the following steps:
obtaining rated power, running power and short circuit impedance data of the transformer, and calculating the initial noise level E of the transformer according to the following formula0Comprises the following steps:
E0＝17.5log10(Sr·uk)+2.7log10Sb+15
wherein the rated power is in MVA, SbFor the operating power of the transformer, SrIs rated power, U, of the transformerkIs the short-circuit impedance of the transformer.
In step 2, the load noise level E of the transformer is calculated based on the using time of the transformer(t)Load noise level E(t)Calculated using the following formula:
wherein E is0Is the initial noise level of the transformer when leaving the factory; t is the service time of the transformer, and the unit is year; t is the decay time constant.
The decay time constant T is calculated by means of pre-calibration.
The calibration method of the decay time constant T comprises the following steps: carrying out noise measurement on transformers of the same type to obtain noise levels of the same transformer at different use times, and substituting the noise levels and the use times of the transformers into a formula
And calculating to obtain the attenuation time constant T of the transformer of the model.
The basic noise level of the transformer is the noise level which is supposed to be when the transformer still works normally after working for a certain time; the basic noise level is the noise level of the transformer in normal operation, the noise level is related to the time t, the basic noise level related to the time t is calculated through the application, and the basic noise level E of the transformer after t years of use is obtained through calculation(t)And E is(t)And comparing the noise Ec with the noise Ec of the transformer measured in the field, and evaluating the noise state of the transformer according to the difference of the noise Ec and the noise Ec. And calculating the basic noise level of the transformer after using for t years to be E (t), acquiring real-time noise Ec through sound signals in real time, and when the Ec deviates from E (t) and is greater than a certain threshold value, determining that the transformer is abnormal in work, otherwise, determining that the transformer is normal. Therefore, the transformer abnormity evaluation method based on the noise level judgment of the transformer can be introduced.
The basic noise level of the transformer is a working attribute of the transformer, the attribute is calculated in a time-based mode, when the transformer is normal, the basic noise level is noise of the transformer, certain fluctuation exists certainly, a fluctuation threshold value is set, when the basic noise level is within the allowable fluctuation threshold value based on the noise level, the transformer is judged to be in normal operation, and otherwise, the transformer is considered to be abnormal.
The technical scheme of the invention is that a basic noise level evaluation method of a dry-type transformer based on nameplate parameters. The method has the beneficial effect that the noise level of the transformer is evaluated by combining the consistent nameplate parameters of the transformer and the service life of the transformer.
And (4) evaluating the basic noise level of the transformer, namely determining the running condition of the transformer by combining the service life of the transformer. The basic noise level evaluation method of the transformer based on nameplate parameters comprises the following specific implementation steps:
step 1: calculating initial noise of transformer based on transformer delivery parametersLevel E0；
Transformer predicted load noise and transformer rated power S proposed by ReiplingerrShort circuit resistance ukThe standard formula is as follows:
E0＝17.5log10(Sr·uk)+2.7log10Sb+15
wherein the rated power is expressed in MVA, SbAnd substituting the rated power and the short-circuit impedance of the transformer into the formula to calculate the load noise of the transformer for the running power of the transformer.
Step 2: the method for estimating the noise attenuation time constant of the dry-type transformer comprises the following steps:
in the second step, the decay time constant T is unknown, and experimental calculation is needed, and the specific steps are as follows: testing the noise of the same type of transformer at different use times to obtain the noise level of the same transformer at different use times
Substituting into the formula in the step two to obtain:
the transformer initial noise level E can be obtained from transformer factory parameters0The method comprises the following steps of (1) knowing; t is t1、t2、...tnKnown as the transformer age. Carrying out exponential transformation on the formula:
the decay time constant T is calculated using a least squares solution to the above equation.
And step 3: noise estimation E taking into account the running time of the transformer(t)；
The mechanical structure of the transformer is slightly changed due to different running times of the transformer, and the noise level of the transformer is also changed. In order to reduce the judgment error of the running state of the transformer, a method for estimating the noise based on the use time of the transformer is provided:
in the formula, E0The estimated noise level of the transformer when leaving the factory; t is the service time of the transformer, and the unit is year; t is the decay time constant. And (4) bringing the service time of the transformer into the formula, so as to obtain the basic noise evaluation considering the service time of the transformer.
The ABB type SF9-120000-220 transformer is adopted for explanation, which is as follows:
1. initial noise of transformer is estimated to data plate parameter based on dry-type transformer
The selected transformer model is ABB model SF9-120000-220, and the name plate parameters of the transformer are 120000kVA and 11.35% short-circuit impedance, and the transformer operates according to the rated state, then E0Comprises the following steps:
E0＝40.46(dB)
2. calculating a decay time constant T taking into account the running time of the transformer from the test data
The method comprises the steps of carrying out field operation sound signal acquisition on ABB type SF9-120000-220 transformers and carrying out operation sound signal recording on the transformers with different operation times, wherein the sound signal acquisition is carried out by adopting the same transformer but with different operation times, and the transformers are all operated under rated power. The running time of the transformer is 2 years, 3 years and 4 years respectively, wherein two of the running time are used as attenuation coefficients to be calculated, and one is used as a method to be verified.
Since the sound is fluctuating, the result of directly averaging is not strict, so that the data needs to be processed, and finally the average decibels of the three transformers are obtained as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Transformer operation decibels
And (5) solving the attenuation time constant of the transformer into a formula (one decimal is reserved):
T＝-18.5
3. fundamental noise level estimation E taking into account transformer run time(t)
Substituting T into the noise estimation formula, calculating the basic noise level estimation result of the transformer 3 as follows:
E(3)＝50.23(dB)
compared with the verification transformer, it can be seen in table 1 that the value obtained by actual sound measurement of the transformer 3 is 51.026, the error between the actual measurement result and the estimation result is 1.5% and 0.796dB, and the accuracy is high, considering that the operation state of the transformer is not completely in the rated state and some relative errors, that is, the difference between the basic noise level of the transformer obtained by calculation and the actually measured basic noise level is within the allowable range. Therefore, the working state of the transformer can be evaluated through the basic noise level calculated by the method, and when the difference between the noise level obtained by real-time sound measurement of the transformer and the calculated basic noise level is too large, the working abnormality of the transformer can be judged according to the difference.
It is clear that the specific implementation of the invention is not restricted to the above-described embodiments, but that various insubstantial modifications of the inventive process concept and technical solutions are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A transformer basic noise level assessment method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: calculating an initial noise level of the transformer, wherein the initial noise level of the transformer refers to noise corresponding to the transformer when the transformer is used for the first time;
step 2: calculating the noise level of the transformer in the corresponding working year based on the working year of the transformer;
the method for calculating the initial noise level comprises the following steps:
obtaining rated power, running power and short circuit impedance data of the transformer, and calculating the initial noise level E of the transformer according to the following formula0Comprises the following steps:
E0＝17.5log10(Sr·uk)+2.7log10Sb+15
wherein the rated power is in MVA, SbFor the operating power of the transformer, SrIs the rated power of the transformer, ukIs the short-circuit impedance of the transformer;
in step 2, the load noise level E of the transformer is calculated based on the using time of the transformer(t)Load noise level E(t)Calculated using the following formula:
wherein E is0Is the initial noise level of the transformer when leaving the factory; t is the service time of the transformer, and the unit is year; t is the decay time constant.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the decay time constant T is calculated by means of pre-calibration.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of evaluating the noise level of the transformer comprises the steps of: the calibration method of the decay time constant T comprises the following steps: carrying out noise measurement on transformers of the same type to obtain noise levels of the same transformer at different use times, and substituting the noise levels and the use times of the transformers into a formula
And calculating to obtain the attenuation time constant T of the transformer of the model.
4. The transformer noise floor of claim 1A method for assessing horizontality, characterized by: noise level E of transformer after t years of use obtained by calculation(t)And E is(t)And comparing the noise Ec with the noise Ec of the transformer measured in the field, and evaluating the noise state of the transformer according to the difference of the noise Ec and the noise Ec.
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| CN104599066A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-05-06 | 国家电网公司 | Method for statistically analyzing main transformer noise of transformer substation |
| CN107860469A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-30 | 重庆大学 | A kind of transformer station's noise prediction method based on way of fitting |
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- 2020-12-22 CN CN202011527231.XA patent/CN112816802B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101499862A (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2009-08-05 | 厦门红相电力设备股份有限公司 | Mobile phone noise signal distinguishing method in electric appliance extra-high-frequency local discharging detection |
| GB201210969D0 (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2012-08-01 | Gen Electric | Electrical substation fault monitoring and diagnostics |
| CN103176062A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-06-26 | 四川电力科学研究院 | Power transformer radiation audible noise calculating method |
| CN104156554A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-11-19 | 国家电网公司 | Method for recording and evaluating noise of transformer |
| CN104599066A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-05-06 | 国家电网公司 | Method for statistically analyzing main transformer noise of transformer substation |
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