CN112816295A - Bone marrow tissue decalcification liquid and method for preparing bone marrow tissue paraffin section - Google Patents

Bone marrow tissue decalcification liquid and method for preparing bone marrow tissue paraffin section Download PDF

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CN112816295A
CN112816295A CN202011614151.8A CN202011614151A CN112816295A CN 112816295 A CN112816295 A CN 112816295A CN 202011614151 A CN202011614151 A CN 202011614151A CN 112816295 A CN112816295 A CN 112816295A
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bone marrow
marrow tissue
decalcification
decalcifying
tissue
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邱雪冰
张平
钟剑平
郝玮
李小青
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Wuhan Haixi Biotechnology Co ltd
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Wuhan Haixi Biotechnology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/30Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis

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Abstract

The invention provides a bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid and a method for preparing a bone marrow tissue paraffin section, wherein the bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid consists of hydrochloric acid, formaldehyde and distilled water, wherein the hydrochloric acid accounts for 1-3% of the volume percentage concentration of the bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid, and the formaldehyde accounts for 9-11% of the volume percentage concentration of the bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid. The invention provides a bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid and a method for manufacturing a bone marrow tissue paraffin section, the bone marrow tissue specimen is decalcified by adopting the decalcifying liquid, the specimen pretreatment process is shortened, the report time is short, the more timely diagnosis is facilitated, and the obtained HE section shows that the cell morphology is well preserved and the tissue structure is clear; the immunohistochemical staining section shows that the staining effect is excellent, the positioning is accurate, and the background is clean; and the sample does not have the phenomenon of excessive decalcification.

Description

Bone marrow tissue decalcification liquid and method for preparing bone marrow tissue paraffin section
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pathological detection, in particular to a bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid and a method for preparing a bone marrow tissue paraffin section.
Background
Bone marrow biopsy is one of the important components in pathological examination, and the diagnosis report thereof is an important basis for disease diagnosis and treatment in clinical departments such as hematology department and the like. At present, two methods, namely a plastic method and a paraffin method, are mainly used for embedding the bone marrow biopsy specimen, wherein the plastic method is not popularized yet because the plastic method has various treatment procedures, the antigen activity is easy to lose, and the immunohistochemical staining is quite difficult, and the paraffin method is mainly used.
The most important link for preparing high-quality bone marrow slices by adopting the paraffin method is the fixation and decalcification of specimen tissues. If the bone marrow specimen tissue is not sufficiently fixed, the morphological structure of the specimen tissue and various components in cells can be damaged in the subsequent link; if the decalcification of the specimen tissue is incomplete, a complete paraffin section cannot be cut, and the section is easy to fall off in the dyeing process, so that the tissue structure is easy to be incomplete artificially.
The decalcification methods commonly used at present include EDTA chelation decalcification, electrolytic decalcification and acid decalcification. However, the EDTA chelation decalcification and the organic weak acid decalcification take a long time to affect the timeliness of treatment; the electrolysis decalcification requires special equipment, and is high in cost and inconvenient; inorganic strong acid decalcification generally has high decalcification speed, is difficult to control in time, needs continuous needling observation, is easy to decalcification excessive, can cause loss of a plurality of antigens and has obvious influence on immunohistochemical staining; the mixed decalcification of strong inorganic acid and organic acid requires treatment of residual acid.
That is, how to fix and decalcify the specimen in a short time, and the prepared section does not affect the staining, and can ensure that the tissue antigen is not lost, and the immunohistochemical staining effect is good, thereby being helpful for the under-lens diagnosis of the pathological tissue, which is always a great problem in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the bone marrow tissue decalcification solution and the method for preparing the bone marrow tissue paraffin section, which realize the short decalcification time, convenient and timely diagnosis and the good HE dyeing and immunohistochemical dyeing effects.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a bone marrow tissue decalcification solution, which consists of hydrochloric acid, formaldehyde and distilled water, wherein the hydrochloric acid accounts for 1-3% of the bone marrow tissue decalcification solution by volume percentage, and the formaldehyde accounts for 9-11% of the bone marrow tissue decalcification solution by volume percentage.
According to research, the decalcification liquid can be used for decalcification of bone marrow tissue specimens quickly, so that the diagnosis is facilitated in time, excessive decalcification and antigen loss are avoided, and the section with good HE (high-grade hematoxylin) dyeing and immunohistochemical dyeing effects is obtained.
Preferably, the hydrochloric acid accounts for 2% of the volume percentage of the bone marrow tissue decalcifying solution, and the formaldehyde accounts for 10% of the volume percentage of the bone marrow tissue decalcifying solution.
In the technical scheme, the hydrochloric acid is diluted hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 2-3%.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the paraffin section of the bone marrow tissue, which comprises the step of decalcifying the specimen by adopting the bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid.
The bone marrow tissue specimen is decalcified by adopting the decalcifying liquid, the pretreatment process of the specimen is shortened, the report time is short, the more timely diagnosis is facilitated, and the obtained HE section shows that the cell morphology is well preserved and the tissue structure is clear; the immunohistochemical staining section shows that the staining effect is excellent, the positioning is accurate, and the background is clean; and the sample does not have the phenomenon of excessive decalcification.
Further, before the decalcification, the specimen was fixed with a Bouin's solution.
Preferably, the specific conditions of the fixation and decalcification steps are as follows: and (3) fixing the sample by adopting Bouin's solution for 16-24h, and decalcifying the sample for 30-60 min by using the bone marrow tissue decalcification solution.
The specimen to be inspected is placed into the Bouin's liquid for fixation after the specimen to be inspected is taken, the specimen to be inspected arrives at the laboratory, the fixation time reaches or even exceeds 16 hours basically, the specimen is completely fixed at the moment, glacial acetic acid and picric acid in the Bouin's liquid have the decalcification effect, although the effect is weak, the decalcification effect on bone marrow tissues is still certain after the specimen is soaked for 16 hours, then decalcification is carried out by using about 2% hydrochloric acid solution, only half an hour to one hour is needed, the decalcification process is relatively fast, and meanwhile, compared with other strong acids, the decalcification tissue is slightly damaged, the decalcification tissue can be softened by adding formaldehyde, so that slicing is facilitated, and the slicing effect is more ideal. The method has the advantages that the time of the manufacturing process is shortened, the manufactured section has the defects of clear tissue structure display, distinct nuclear texture contrast and large antigen destructiveness of relatively strong acid, the immunohistochemical staining cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus have excellent color development effect, the positioning is accurate, and the background is clean.
Further, after the fixation and decalcification steps are completed, dehydration, embedding, slicing, HE staining and/or immunohistochemical staining are sequentially performed.
The steps are conventional operations in the field, the fixing agent, the dehydrating agent, the clearing agent and the like used in the flaking process are reagents necessary for daily technical work, the slicing effect of the flaking process is good, the fixing, dehydrating, clearing, wax dipping and dyeing reagents used in the method can be repeatedly used for a plurality of times, and the reagent preparation and operation methods are simple and are worthy of clinical popularization and application.
Preferably, the dehydration is gradient dehydration, with the specific conditions: soaking in 10% formalin for 1-1.5 h, sequentially soaking in 75% alcohol for 1-1.5 h, soaking in 95% alcohol for 1-1.5 h, repeating for 1 time, soaking in anhydrous alcohol for 1-1.5 h, repeating for 2 times, soaking in xylene for 30-50 min, repeating for 2 times, soaking in paraffin for 1-1.5 h, and repeating for 2 times.
More preferably, the immersion is performed twice in 10% formalin → 1h in 75% alcohol → 1h in 95% alcohol → 2(× 2 means that the operation is performed twice, that is, after the immersion in 95% alcohol is performed for 1h, the immersion liquid is replaced, and the immersion is performed in 95% alcohol for 1h) → immersion in anhydrous alcohol 1h × 3(× 3 means that the operation is performed three times) → immersion in xylene 40min × 3 → immersion in paraffin 1h × 3.
HE staining procedure: baking 3-micron slices at 80 ℃ for half an hour → dewaxing agent 10min → 3 → absolute ethyl alcohol 3min → 95% ethyl alcohol 3min 2 → 75% ethyl alcohol 3min → flowing water washing 2min → hematoxylin 6min, flowing water washing 2min → 4% hydrochloric acid alcohol differentiation for 3-5 s, flowing water washing 2min → 1% ammonia water rewet for 10s, flowing water washing 2min → eosin 3-5 s, flowing water washing → gradient alcohol dehydration, and blow-drying the sealing piece to be detected.
Immunohistochemical staining procedure: (1)2 μm slices are baked at 80 deg.C for half an hour, and dewaxed to water conventionally; (2) putting the slide into a preheated repairing instrument, and operating a repairing program; (3) washing with distilled water for three times; (4) marking by an immunohistochemical oil pen; (5) and (6) loading on a machine. 3% of hydrogen peroxide, primary antibody, reinforcing agent, secondary antibody and DAB color development programs are completed; (6) taking down the slide, and washing with running water; (7) hematoxylin (BASO hematoxylin) for 2min, and washing with running water; (8) differentiating by 0.25% hydrochloric acid alcohol for 3-5 s, and washing by running water; (9) warm water is used for carrying out bluing and washing with running water; (10) and (5) dehydrating by gradient alcohol, and drying the sealing piece for inspection.
Wherein, the repairing instrument is preferably preheated to 75 ℃ in advance, and the repairing condition is 96 ℃ for 25 min.
The invention provides a bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid and a method for manufacturing a bone marrow tissue paraffin section, the bone marrow tissue specimen is decalcified by adopting the decalcifying liquid, the specimen pretreatment process is shortened, the report time is short, the more timely diagnosis is facilitated, and the obtained HE section shows that the cell morphology is well preserved and the tissue structure is clear; the immunohistochemical staining section shows that the staining effect is excellent, the positioning is accurate, and the background is clean; and the sample does not have the phenomenon of excessive decalcification.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a paraffin section (20X 10) of HE-stained bone marrow tissue in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a paraffin section (40X 10) of HE-stained bone marrow tissue in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a paraffin section (Bcl-6, 40X 10) of immunohistochemically stained bone marrow tissue according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a paraffin section (CyclinD1, 40X 10) of immunohistochemically stained bone marrow tissue according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a paraffin section (20X 10) of HE-stained bone marrow tissue in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a paraffin section (40X 10) of HE-stained bone marrow tissue in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The reagents used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The immunohistochemical instrument used in the following examples is an AutostainerLink48 semi-automatic immunohistochemical instrument, and the repairing instrument is a PT Link immunohistochemical pretreatment system, all of which are products of DAKO corporation.
Example 1
This example provides a bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid, which comprises hydrochloric acid (mass fraction is 2.34%), formaldehyde and distilled water at a volume ratio of 2:10:88, and has a pH of 1.35.
The embodiment also provides a method for manufacturing the paraffin section of the bone marrow tissue, which comprises the following specific steps:
1. fixation-decalcification: the specimen (cylindrical bone marrow tissue about 0.5-1 cm long) is fixed with Bouin's solution for 16-24h, and then treated with the above-mentioned decalcifying solution for 30 min.
2. Gradient dehydration: 10% formalin 1h → 75% alcohol 1h → 95% alcohol 1h 2 → absolute alcohol 1h 3 → xylene 40min 3 → paraffin 1h 3.
3. And (6) embedding in paraffin.
4. HE staining: baking 3-micron slices at 80 ℃ for half an hour → dewaxing agent 10min → 3 → absolute ethyl alcohol 3min → 95% ethyl alcohol 3min 2 → 75% ethyl alcohol 3min → flowing water washing 2min → hematoxylin 6min, flowing water washing 2min → 4% hydrochloric acid alcohol differentiation for 3-5 s, flowing water washing 2min → 1% ammonia water rewet for 10s, flowing water washing 2min → eosin 3-5 s, flowing water washing → gradient alcohol dehydration, and blow-drying the sealing piece to be detected.
5. Immunohistochemical staining: (1)2 μm slices are baked at 80 deg.C for half an hour, and dewaxed to water conventionally; (2) putting the slide into a preheated repairing instrument, and operating a repairing program; preheating the repairing instrument to 75 ℃ in advance, wherein the repairing condition is 96 ℃ for 25 min; (3) washing with distilled water for three times; (4) marking by an immunohistochemical oil pen; (5) loading on a machine to finish the color development procedures of 3% hydrogen peroxide, primary antibody, reinforcing agent, secondary antibody and DAB; (6) taking down the slide, and washing with running water; (7) hematoxylin (BASO hematoxylin) for 2min, and washing with running water; (8) differentiating by 0.25% hydrochloric acid alcohol for 3-5 s, and washing by running water; (9) warm water is used for carrying out bluing and washing with running water; (10) and (5) dehydrating by gradient alcohol, drying the sealing piece and checking for detection.
FIGS. 1 and 2 show paraffin sections of HE-stained bone marrow tissue in this example, in which the morphology of the cells is well preserved and the tissue structure is clear. Fig. 3 and 4 are paraffin sections of immunohistochemically stained bone marrow tissues in this example, and it can be seen from the figures that the staining effect is excellent, the location is accurate, and the background is clean. The specimens of this example did not show excessive decalcification and no residual acid treatment step was required.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a bone marrow tissue decalcification solution, which consists of hydrochloric acid (mass fraction is 2.34%), formaldehyde and distilled water in a volume ratio of 10:10: 80.
This comparative example also provides a method for preparing paraffin sections of bone marrow tissue using the above-described decalcifying solution, the procedure being the same as in example 1.
Results the HE stained paraffin sections of bone marrow tissue were shown in fig. 5 and 6 and were less effective than those of example 1, with indistinct nuclear mass and indistinct cytoplasmic nuclear contrast.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The bone marrow tissue decalcification solution is characterized by comprising hydrochloric acid, formaldehyde and distilled water, wherein the hydrochloric acid accounts for 1-3% of the bone marrow tissue decalcification solution by volume percentage, and the formaldehyde accounts for 9-11% of the bone marrow tissue decalcification solution by volume percentage.
2. The bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid according to claim 1, wherein the hydrochloric acid is present at a concentration of 2% by volume of the bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid, and the formaldehyde is present at a concentration of 10% by volume of the bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid.
3. The bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrochloric acid is diluted hydrochloric acid with a mass fraction of 2-3%.
4. A method for preparing a paraffin section of a bone marrow tissue, comprising the step of decalcifying a specimen with the bone marrow tissue decalcifying liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the specimen is fixed with Bouin's solution before the decalcification.
6. The method for preparing paraffin sections of bone marrow tissues according to claim 5, wherein the fixing and decalcification steps are carried out under the specific conditions: and (3) fixing the sample by adopting Bouin's solution for 16-24h, and decalcifying the sample for 30-60 min by using the bone marrow tissue decalcification solution.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the fixing and decalcification steps are followed by dehydration, embedding, sectioning, HE staining and/or immunohistochemical staining.
8. The method for preparing paraffin sections of bone marrow tissue according to claim 7, wherein the dehydration is a gradient dehydration, with the specific conditions: soaking in 10% formalin for 1-1.5 h, sequentially soaking in 75% alcohol for 1-1.5 h, soaking in 95% alcohol for 1-1.5 h, repeating for 1 time, soaking in anhydrous alcohol for 1-1.5 h, repeating for 2 times, soaking in xylene for 30-50 min, repeating for 2 times, soaking in paraffin for 1-1.5 h, and repeating for 2 times.
CN202011614151.8A 2020-12-30 2020-12-30 Bone marrow tissue decalcification liquid and method for preparing bone marrow tissue paraffin section Pending CN112816295A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109425523A (en) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-05 上海新培晶医学检验所有限公司 Marrow specimen processing method, decalcifying Fluid and purposes
CN111238904A (en) * 2020-03-17 2020-06-05 四川金域医学检验中心有限公司 Bone marrow decalcification solution beneficial to immunohistochemical color development and use method thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109425523A (en) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-05 上海新培晶医学检验所有限公司 Marrow specimen processing method, decalcifying Fluid and purposes
CN111238904A (en) * 2020-03-17 2020-06-05 四川金域医学检验中心有限公司 Bone marrow decalcification solution beneficial to immunohistochemical color development and use method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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Title
周艳华: "60Coγ射线照射促进小鼠骨髓脂肪化研究", 《暨南大学学报(医学版)》 *
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