CN112816035A - Positive pressure high-temperature gas standard device with sonic nozzle as standard device - Google Patents
Positive pressure high-temperature gas standard device with sonic nozzle as standard device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112816035A CN112816035A CN202110051975.7A CN202110051975A CN112816035A CN 112816035 A CN112816035 A CN 112816035A CN 202110051975 A CN202110051975 A CN 202110051975A CN 112816035 A CN112816035 A CN 112816035A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F25/00—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume
- G01F25/10—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume of flowmeters
- G01F25/15—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume of flowmeters specially adapted for gas meters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
Abstract
The invention relates to a positive pressure high temperature gas standard device with a sonic nozzle as a standard device, which comprises: the device comprises an air compressor, a steady flow container, a standard device unit, a gas heating unit and a detected meter unit; the standard unit consists of a stagnation container and a plurality of sonic nozzles; the outlet end of the air compressor is connected with the inlet end of the steady flow container, the outlet end of the steady flow container is connected with the inlet end of the stagnation container, the verification medium enters the stagnation container, flows out of the stagnation container through the plurality of sonic nozzles and then enters the gas heating unit through the collecting pipe, and the verification medium flows through the tested surface unit after being heated and then enters the air cooling unit through the pipeline; the temperature and pressure acquisition unit acquires the temperature and pressure values of the standard unit and the detected meter unit. The positive pressure high-temperature gas standard device can calibrate the gas flowmeter under the high-temperature working condition, and collects corresponding temperature, pressure value and signals of the detected meter through the upper computer control, so as to judge the difference value between the detected meter and the standard device, and calculate the error result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a positive pressure high-temperature gas standard device, and relates to a positive pressure high-temperature gas standard device taking a sonic nozzle as a standard device.
Background
With the rapid advance of the industry in China, the gas flowmeter is widely applied to key occasions such as chemical engineering, smelting, trade handover and the like, wherein the demand of the high-temperature gas flowmeter is increased in recent years and is widely applied to industries such as smelting, chemical engineering, heat transmission and the like, however, how to calibrate or calibrate the flowmeter becomes a difficult problem in the metering industry.
The currently used method is to calibrate the high-temperature flow meter on a normal-temperature device, for example, a differential pressure flow meter and a vortex shedding flow meter, and the calibrated data under the normal-temperature working condition cannot completely reflect the precision of the working condition scene of the flow meter in actual use, which brings a difficult problem for many users and producers of high-temperature gas flow meters. In order to solve the difficult problem of calibrating the flow of the high-temperature gas, a positive-pressure high-temperature gas standard device is inevitably developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a positive pressure high-temperature gas standard device with a sonic nozzle as a standard device, aiming at the problems that a high-temperature gas flowmeter cannot be calibrated under a high-temperature working condition and the normal-temperature calibration cannot truly reflect the performance of the high-temperature gas flowmeter.
The invention provides a positive pressure high temperature gas standard device using a sonic nozzle as a standard device, which comprises: the device comprises an air compressor, a steady flow container, a standard device unit, a gas heating unit, a detected meter unit, an air cooling unit and a temperature and pressure acquisition unit; the etalon unit consists of a stagnation container and a plurality of sonic nozzles; the outlet end of the air compressor is connected with the inlet end of the steady flow container through a pipeline, the outlet end of the steady flow container is connected with the inlet end of the stagnation container through a pipeline, the verification medium enters the stagnation container, flows out of the stagnation container through the plurality of sonic nozzles and then enters the gas heating unit through the collecting pipe, and the verification medium is heated, flows through the detected unit and then enters the air cooling unit through a pipeline; the temperature and pressure acquisition unit comprises a temperature transmitter, a pressure transmitter and a mechanical pressure gauge so as to acquire the temperature and pressure values of the standard device unit and the detected gauge unit.
In the positive-pressure high-temperature gas standard device with the sonic nozzle as the standard device, the steady flow container consists of a gas storage tank and a steady flow tank, the inlet end of the gas storage tank is connected with the outlet end of the air compressor through a pipeline, the outlet end of the gas storage tank is connected to the steady flow tank through a dryer through a pipeline, the inlet end and the outlet end of the dryer are respectively provided with a filter, and the inlet end of the steady flow tank is provided with a first pressure regulating valve.
In the positive pressure high temperature gas standard device with the sonic nozzle as the standard device, the gas heating unit comprises a heater, a temperature acquisition component and a PID controller, wherein the temperature acquisition component acquires the temperature in a hearth of the heater and sends the temperature to the PID controller, and the PID controller performs PID adjustment on the heater to realize constant temperature of a verification medium.
In the positive pressure high temperature gas calibration apparatus using a sonic nozzle as a calibrator according to the present invention, the table unit to be inspected includes: the high-temperature meter clamping device comprises a high-temperature meter clamping device and a flowmeter, wherein the flowmeter is clamped and fixed through the high-temperature meter clamping device, and a heat preservation layer is arranged outside the checked meter unit.
In the positive pressure high temperature gas standard device with the sonic nozzle as the standard device, the temperature transmitter and the pressure transmitter are provided with 4-20mA output signals, the 4-20mA signals are converted into RS232 signals through the analog quantity acquisition module, and the RS232 signals are sent to an upper computer to be calculated to obtain temperature and pressure values so as to participate in the calculation of verification.
The positive pressure high temperature gas standard device taking the sonic nozzle as the standard device at least has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention selects the standard sonic nozzle widely used by a gas flow standard device, and the flow of the nozzle flowing through the sonic nozzle is constant after the sonic nozzle reaches sonic flow. The device is designed to work under the normal temperature state at the nozzle, the influence of high temperature on the sonic nozzle is avoided, the working condition of the normal temperature also facilitates the tracing of the sonic nozzle, and the use and calibration of the device are facilitated.
2. The invention is designed into a high-temperature area only in the area where the detected meter unit is located, and the temperature range is 0-200 ℃. The high-temperature meter clamping device is adopted to clamp the checked meter, the heat preservation layer is designed in the area, the temperature change of the front and rear straight pipe sections of the checked meter is prevented, the influence of large temperature difference on the verification of the flow meter is avoided, and the design of the area completely meets the condition of the working condition use of the high-temperature gas flow meter. The influence of calibration on the high-temperature flowmeter under the normal-temperature working condition is solved.
3. The invention selects one air compressor as the air source, and the air compressor can be selected according to the maximum flow of the high-temperature gas device, thereby meeting the requirement of the high-temperature gas flow standard device on the total gas flow. Meanwhile, besides the air compressor, a freezing dryer and a filter are also arranged in a standard mode, so that the gas entering the high-temperature gas flow standard device is dry and clean, and the density of a detected medium is not affected.
4. The invention selects a two-stage voltage stabilizing structure. The high-temperature gas flow standard device is divided into a gas storage tank and a flow stabilizing tank, and the gas storage tank and the flow stabilizing tank can be designed according to the maximum flow of the high-temperature gas flow standard device. When the air of the air compressor enters the storage tank, the pressure of the air storage tank can be increased and stabilized at a stable value, and the pressure regulating valve at the front end of the flow stabilizing tank is opened to regulate the pressure of the air entering the flow stabilizing tank. Thereby realizing the adjustment of the pressure of the gas entering the front end of the sonic nozzle. The design can meet the working pressure value of the front end when the sonic nozzle reaches sonic flow. And the pressure can be adjusted according to the working condition pressure requirement of the detected meter.
5. The heating part of the invention is designed at the rear end of the standard device unit and the front end of the detected meter unit, only the detected meter area is heated, the heater has the PID adjusting function, after the temperature required by detection is set, no manual operation is needed, the heating controller can automatically adjust the gas temperature in the pipeline to reach the set value according to the temperature in the hearth and the temperature at the outlet of the heater, and the detection requirement of the high-temperature gas flowmeter is met.
6. The invention is characterized in that a pressure regulating valve is arranged at the rear end of the detected meter besides the front end pressure regulating valve, the pressure regulating valve is regulated according to the pressure requirement of the detected flowmeter, the valve and the front end pressure regulating valve are regulated in a matching way, so that the pressure difference at the front end and the rear end of the sonic nozzle reaches the pressure ratio requirement, the gas flowing through the sonic nozzle reaches sonic flow, and the use condition of the sonic nozzle is met. The design not only meets the use condition of the sonic nozzle, but also can meet the working pressure requirement of the detected flowmeter.
7. The invention designs a complete temperature and pressure acquisition system, and temperature and pressure acquisition components are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the gas storage tank, the flow stabilizing tank, the stagnation container and the to-be-detected meter. The temperature and pressure change of each part unit can be monitored in real time, and the temperature and pressure at the front end and the rear end of the to-be-detected meter and the temperature and pressure at the front end and the rear end of the sonic nozzle can be collected in real time through the control of the upper computer to be calculated. The accuracy of the temperature transmitter is 0.2 ℃, and the accuracy of the pressure transmitter is 0.075%.
8. The invention is to install a cooling device at the front end of the exhaust port of the device in order to avoid polluting the atmosphere. The cooling device can cool the high-temperature gas to below 40 ℃ before the high-temperature gas is discharged out of the atmosphere. Ensuring that the exhausted gas does not pollute the atmosphere. The cooling device can be designed and installed according to high-temperature gas quantity standard devices with different flow rates. The device can not pollute and influence the environment in the use process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a positive pressure high temperature gas standard device using a sonic nozzle as a standard according to the present invention.
The device comprises an air compressor, an air cooling unit, a flow stabilizing tank, a gas storage pipe, a first pressure regulating valve, a first filter, a second filter, a dryer, a second regulating valve, a meter detecting unit, a heater, a stagnation container, a collecting pipe, a first temperature and pressure collecting unit, a second temperature and pressure collecting unit, a third temperature and pressure collecting unit, a cold air pipeline and a sonic nozzle, wherein the air compressor is 1-the air compressor, the air cooling unit is 2-the air cooling unit, the flow stabilizing tank is 3 a-the gas storage pipe, the first pressure regulating valve is 4-the first pressure regulating valve, the first filter is 5 b-the second filter, the dryer is 6-the second regulating valve is 7-.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the positive pressure high temperature gas standard device using a sonic nozzle as a standard device of the present invention comprises: the device comprises an air compressor 1, a steady flow container, a standard device unit, a gas heating unit, a detected meter unit 8, an air cooling unit 2 and a temperature and pressure acquisition unit. The outlet end of the air compressor 1 is connected with the inlet end of the steady flow container through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the steady flow container is connected with the inlet end of the standard unit through a pipeline. The standard unit consists of a stagnation container 10 and a plurality of sonic nozzles 14, and the upper ends of the sonic nozzles 14 are provided with electric switch valves to select the states of the nozzles through upper computer control, so that the function of selecting flow is achieved. The upper end of the stagnation container 10 is provided with a collecting pipe 11, and pressure difference is generated to enable the sonic nozzle to reach a working state. After entering the stagnation container 10, the verification medium flows out through the plurality of sonic nozzles 14 and then enters the gas heating unit through the collecting pipe 11, and after being heated, the verification medium flows through the detected surface unit 8 and then enters the air cooling unit 2 through the pipeline. The temperature and pressure acquisition unit comprises a temperature transmitter, a pressure transmitter and a mechanical pressure gauge so as to acquire the temperature and pressure values of the standard device unit and the detected gauge unit.
The flow stabilizing container is composed of a gas storage tank 3b and a flow stabilizing tank 3a, the inlet end of the gas storage tank 3b is connected with the outlet end of the air compressor 1 through a stainless steel pipeline, the outlet end of the gas storage tank 3b is connected to the flow stabilizing tank 3a through a dryer 6 through a stainless steel pipeline, a first filter 5a and a second filter 5b are respectively arranged at the inlet end and the outlet end of the dryer 6, and a first pressure regulating valve 4a is arranged at the inlet end of the flow stabilizing tank 3 a. The stainless steel pipeline is provided with a drain valve, a maintenance valve and the like.
The gas heating unit comprises a heater 9, a temperature acquisition component, a PID controller and a temperature display meter. The temperature acquisition component acquires the temperature in the hearth of the heater and sends the temperature to the PID controller, and the PID controller performs PID adjustment on the heater to realize constant temperature of the detection medium. The temperature acquisition component specifically adopts a bimetallic thermometer.
The table unit to be checked includes: the high-temperature meter clamping device comprises a high-temperature meter clamping device and a flowmeter, wherein the flowmeter is clamped and fixed through the high-temperature meter clamping device, and a heat preservation layer is arranged outside the checked meter unit. The rear end of the meter unit to be detected is provided with a second pressure regulating valve 7 for regulating the pressure of the meter unit to be detected according to the requirement of the meter to be detected. The front inlet of the tested meter unit 8 is connected with the gas heating unit through a stainless steel pipeline, and the rear outlet of the tested meter unit is connected with the air cooling unit 2 through a stainless steel pipeline. The cooling design is adopted in the discharging process, the discharged high-temperature gas can be prevented from polluting the atmosphere, the air cooling unit additionally arranged at the front end of the discharging port is designed and installed according to the maximum flow of the device, the temperature of the flowing high-temperature gas discharged to the atmosphere is not higher than 40 ℃, the temperature of the discharged gas is not higher than 30 ℃ in actual inspection, and the requirement of environmental protection is completely met.
During specific implementation, a verification medium is pressurized by the air compressor 1 and then enters the air storage tank 3b, the air storage tank flows through the second filter 5b, the air dryer 6 and the first filter 5a after the pressure is constant, dry and clean air enters the flow stabilization tank 3a after the pressure is adjusted by the first pressure adjusting valve 4a, enters the stagnation container 10 after the flow stabilization, then flows through the standard sonic nozzle 14 at a certain pressure, is heated by the heater 9 when flowing out of the sonic nozzle 14, is heated to 150-200 ℃, flows through the to-be-detected meter unit 8, stabilizes the pressure in the region of the to-be-detected meter unit 8 to the verification requirement by the second pressure adjusting valve 7 at the rear end of the to-be-detected meter unit, then enters the air cooling unit 2, cools the verification medium to below 40 ℃ by the air cooling unit 2, and is discharged to the atmosphere.
The invention adopts a two-stage flow stabilizing structure to stabilize the flow. The air is output by the air compressor 1 and then stored in the air storage tank 3b, and the size of the air storage tank can be designed according to the flow of the device. The pressure of the air tank will stabilize within a range as the air compressor 1 is adjusted. Meanwhile, the temperature of the air can rise due to compression, and after the air storage tank 3b is started and operated for a period of time, the temperature of the air storage tank is constant within a temperature range and cannot fluctuate. When the first pressure regulating valve 4a is opened, the gas will flow into the flow stabilizer 3a through the filter and the dryer, and the size of the flow stabilizer can be designed according to the flow rate of the device. After a period of time operation, the temperature and pressure in the current stabilizer can be constant at a certain value, no too large fluctuation can occur, and after 2-stage voltage stabilization and current stabilization, the air can flow through the sonic nozzle and the detected meter unit at a constant pressure and temperature.
The positive pressure high temperature gas standard device can realize any pressure regulation under the maximum working pressure. The device selects two electric pressure regulating valves as a pressure regulating mechanism, a first pressure regulating valve is arranged at the rear end of a gas storage tank and can regulate the air inlet pressure at the front end of a sonic nozzle, a second pressure regulating valve is arranged at the rear end of a detected meter unit and can regulate the pressure at the rear end of the sonic nozzle by regulating the second pressure regulating valve, the required pressure ratio of the sonic nozzle can be obtained by regulating the two pressure regulating valves, and the pressure when the detected meter is detected can also be regulated.
The positive pressure high temperature gas standard device is designed in such a way that the standard device part works in a normal temperature state and the detected meter unit works in a high temperature state. The high-temperature part of the device only heats the region where the meter unit to be detected is located, the gas heating unit is provided with a temperature acquisition component, the temperature in the hearth of the heater and the temperature at the outlet of the heater can be monitored in real time, and the constant temperature of the medium can be detected by utilizing the PID regulation function of the PID controller. The temperature of the outlet of the heater is set as the required medium temperature, the PID controller can adjust the heater body to keep the temperature at the set value, and no manual operation is needed in the verification process. The design avoids the influence of the heating of the standard device unit on the sonic nozzle, all the calculations of the sonic nozzle can be carried out according to the performance under the normal temperature state, and the calibration and the use of the sonic nozzle are convenient. The standard value of the sonic nozzle can be calculated through a state equation of gas to obtain the density of the unit of the detected meter under the working condition, and the accumulated volume flowing through the detected meter in unit time is converted through the mass flow of the sonic nozzle, so that the standard device and the detected meter are compared.
The device adopts a temperature and pressure measuring design of a standard device unit and a tested meter unit respectively. 6 temperature transmitters and 7 pressure transmitters are provided for monitoring the temperature and pressure changes of the stagnation container 10, the gas storage tank 3b, the steady flow tank 3a, the collecting pipe, the gas outlet and the like in real time. The temperature transmitter and the pressure transmitter are provided with 4-20mA output signals, the 4-20mA signals are converted into RS232 signals through the analog quantity acquisition module, the RS232 signals are sent to the upper computer to be calculated to obtain temperature and pressure values, and the acquired temperature and pressure values are involved in calculation of verification. The precision of the selected temperature transmitter is 0.2 ℃, and the precision of the pressure transmitter is 0.075%. Completely meets the requirements of relevant verification. The specific working principle is as follows:
the device completes control by matching the upper computer and the lower computer, comprises action control, temperature and pressure acquisition of the device, and judges the difference between the detected meter and the standard device by the established mathematical model, thereby calculating an error result.
The air compressor 1 is opened to set the working pressure, compressed air is transmitted into the air storage tank, and when the pressure of the air storage tank reaches a set value, the upper computer controls the air compressor to stop working. According to the flow point to be detected, the upper computer selects the number of the sonic nozzles 14, the rear end switch valve of the nozzles is opened, the corresponding sonic nozzles 14 are conducted, the meter to be detected is well installed by a meter clamping device in the area of the meter unit to be detected, and screws are fixed. And opening pneumatic ball valves in front of and behind the meter clamping device to conduct the meter to be detected.
When the pipeline valves of the standard device and the detected meter are opened, the pipeline valves are in a connection state. The first pressure regulating valve 4a can be adjusted by the upper computer. The pressure of the air entering the stagnation vessel 10 is adjusted. And simultaneously, a second pressure regulating valve 7 at the rear end of the meter unit to be detected is regulated to keep the pressure in the meter pipeline to be detected at more than 0.4 MPa. The sonic nozzle 14 of the standard is set to the operating state (the back pressure ratio meets the verification requirement) by adjusting the first pressure regulating valve 4 a. And operating for 5-10 minutes in the state to keep the pressure in the gas storage tank, the flow stabilizing tank, the pipeline and the stagnation container balanced.
After the pressure in the pipeline is kept balanced, the heater 9 can be started to heat the gas entering the meter unit to be detected, and the working temperature is set to be any value between 0 and 200 ℃. And keeping the circulation of air in the pipeline, operating for 15-30 minutes after the outlet temperature of the heater reaches a set value, and performing verification after the temperature of the unit to be detected is constant.
Under the control of the upper computer, the temperature and the pressure in the stagnation container are transmitted to the upper computer through the first temperature and pressure acquisition unit 12 a. The temperature and the pressure of the detected meter area are transmitted to the upper computer in real time through the second temperature and pressure acquisition unit 12b and the third temperature and pressure acquisition unit 12c, the upper computer calculates the mass flow of the sonic nozzle through the outflow coefficient and the throat diameter of the sonic nozzle, and the density of the gas at the detected meter is calculated through the average value of the temperature and the pressure in the detection process and the gas state equation, so that the volume of the standard device at the detected meter in the set time is calculated. And calculating the volume of the gas flowing through the detected meter within a set time through a signal sent by the detected meter, calculating a difference value through comparison, and finally judging a verification result or a calibration result.
After the verification is finished, a valve of the cold air pipeline 13 is opened, unheated normal-temperature air enters the pipeline of the meter to be detected, the meter to be detected is cooled to the normal temperature, and the meter to be detected can be taken down.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A positive pressure high temperature gas standard device using a sonic nozzle as a standard device is characterized by comprising: the device comprises an air compressor, a steady flow container, a standard device unit, a gas heating unit, a detected meter unit, an air cooling unit and a temperature and pressure acquisition unit; the etalon unit consists of a stagnation container and a plurality of sonic nozzles; the outlet end of the air compressor is connected with the inlet end of the steady flow container through a pipeline, the outlet end of the steady flow container is connected with the inlet end of the stagnation container through a pipeline, the verification medium enters the stagnation container, flows out of the stagnation container through the plurality of sonic nozzles and then enters the gas heating unit through the collecting pipe, and the verification medium is heated, flows through the detected unit and then enters the air cooling unit through a pipeline; the temperature and pressure acquisition unit comprises a temperature transmitter, a pressure transmitter and a mechanical pressure gauge so as to acquire the temperature and pressure values of the standard device unit and the detected gauge unit.
2. The positive pressure high temperature gas calibration device with a sonic nozzle as the calibrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steady flow container is composed of an air storage tank and a steady flow tank, an inlet end of the air storage tank is connected with an outlet end of the air compressor through a pipeline, an outlet end of the air storage tank is connected to the steady flow tank through a dryer through a pipeline, the inlet end and the outlet end of the dryer are respectively provided with a filter, and the inlet end of the steady flow tank is provided with a first pressure regulating valve.
3. The positive-pressure high-temperature gas standard device with the sonic nozzle as the standard device according to claim 1, wherein the gas heating unit comprises a heater, a temperature acquisition component and a PID controller, the temperature acquisition component acquires the temperature in a hearth of the heater and sends the temperature to the PID controller, and the PID controller performs PID adjustment on the heater to realize constant temperature of the verification medium.
4. The positive pressure high temperature gas gauging device with a sonic nozzle as a etalon of claim 1, wherein said gauging unit comprises: the high-temperature meter clamping device comprises a high-temperature meter clamping device and a flowmeter, wherein the flowmeter is clamped and fixed through the high-temperature meter clamping device, and a heat preservation layer is arranged outside the checked meter unit.
5. The positive-pressure high-temperature gas standard device with the sonic nozzle as the standard device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature transmitter and the pressure transmitter are provided with 4-20mA output signals, and the 4-20mA signals are converted into RS232 signals through the analog quantity acquisition module and sent to the upper computer for calculation to obtain temperature and pressure values so as to participate in the calculation of the verification.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110051975.7A CN112816035A (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Positive pressure high-temperature gas standard device with sonic nozzle as standard device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110051975.7A CN112816035A (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Positive pressure high-temperature gas standard device with sonic nozzle as standard device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112816035A true CN112816035A (en) | 2021-05-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110051975.7A Pending CN112816035A (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Positive pressure high-temperature gas standard device with sonic nozzle as standard device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN112816035A (en) |
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2021
- 2021-01-15 CN CN202110051975.7A patent/CN112816035A/en active Pending
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