CN112814607B - Perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout prevention equipment and control method thereof - Google Patents
Perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout prevention equipment and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112814607B CN112814607B CN202110004882.9A CN202110004882A CN112814607B CN 112814607 B CN112814607 B CN 112814607B CN 202110004882 A CN202110004882 A CN 202110004882A CN 112814607 B CN112814607 B CN 112814607B
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 93
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 43
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010729 system oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000191291 Abies alba Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout prevention device and a control method thereof.A cable blowout preventer adapter is connected with the lower end of an annular pressing claw base, the upper end of the annular pressing claw base is connected with the lower end of a horn-shaped guider, the lower end of a blowout prevention pipe adapter is sealed with the upper end of the cable blowout preventer adapter, and the periphery of the lower end of the blowout prevention pipe adapter is provided with a blowout prevention pipe adapter limiting surface; the annular pressing claw base is uniformly provided with cam-shaped pressing claws in the circumferential direction, the cam-shaped pressing claws are hinged with the annular pressing claw base, and the annular pressing claw base is provided with notches for the cam-shaped pressing claws to move and an elastic element capable of enabling the cam-shaped pressing claws to open; the annular locker is sleeved on the periphery of the annular pressing claw base, the annular hydraulic cylinder bin is sleeved on the cable blowout preventer adapter, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the annular hydraulic cylinder bin, and a hydraulic cylinder piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the annular locker. The invention can realize the quick replacement and installation of the cable blowout preventer and the blowout prevention pipe of the perforation cable blowout prevention equipment and the safety of construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of unconventional oil and gas well segmented multistage fracturing cable pumping clustering bridging shooting technology, in particular to a perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout prevention device and a control method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of oil and gas fields and the continuous exhaustion of energy sources, unconventional oil and gas such as shale gas, dense gas, coal bed gas and the like become important succedanders of future oil and gas resources. But because unconventional oil and gas reservoirs have the characteristics of low porosity and ultra-low permeability, aiming at the unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, the production capacity is obtained after staged multi-stage fracturing stimulation measures are required to be implemented. Therefore, the segmented multistage fracturing is the first stage for carrying out unconventional oil and gas reservoir transformation and effectively improving the yield of a single well, and the function of the segmented multistage fracturing is increasingly obvious.
Staged multi-stage fracturing adopts a clustering bridge-shooting technology to realize staged fracturing of an oil-gas well, the technology uses a cable transmission pumping perforator and a bridge plug to temporarily isolate a fractured well section, and performs clustered perforation on an uncrushed well section to provide pore channel conditions for fluid injection into a stratum for hydraulic fracturing. And then carrying out fracturing operation on the well section, and completing fracturing of the next well section by adopting clustering bridging after fracturing is finished. Because great hydraulic pressure exists in the well cylinder in the process of hydraulically pumping the perforator, a perforating cable blowout preventer needs to be installed at a well mouth in the clustering bridging process, and the smooth operation of clustering bridging is guaranteed. The perforation cable blowout preventer comprises two parts: one is a cable blowout preventer which is arranged at the upper end of a wellhead Christmas tree and plays a role in quickly closing the well during blowout; the other is a lubricator which is connected to the cable blowout preventer through a union. When the clustering bridging operation is started, the well descending pipe string is pulled into the blowout preventer on the ground, and then the blowout preventer and the well descending pipe string are lifted to the upper end of the cable blowout preventer by a crane. Then two operators climb the well mouth, stand on the cable blowout preventer, align the blowout prevention pipe with the inlet at the upper end of the cable blowout preventer, and manually screw down the union nut at the lower end of the blowout prevention pipe to complete the connection of the blowout prevention pipe and the cable blowout preventer. Then the operator returns to the ground and starts the clustering bridge shooting operation. After the operation is finished, the downhole pipe string is finally lifted into the blowout preventer, an operator climbs the wellhead cable blowout preventer again, the union nut is manually disassembled to separate the blowout preventer from the cable blowout preventer, then the crane lifts the blowout preventer and the downhole pipe string therein and then puts the blowout preventer on the ground, the downhole pipe string is pulled out, and the perforated perforator is disassembled from the cable and then assembled with the next section of perforator for use. The tubular string is then pulled into the blowout preventer again. After fracturing is completed, the blowout prevention pipe is lifted to the upper end of the cable blowout preventer again, and after an operator climbs the cable blowout preventer and manually screws the union, the next section of clustering bridge shooting operation is started. This is repeated until all the sections of the well are fractured. In the process of disassembling and installing the blowout preventer and the cable blowout preventer, the hoisting operation is firstly involved, and the operation can be completed by matching materials of a wellhead commander and a crane driver; secondly, when the adjacent well is fractured, due to the high pressure, the operation of installing and disassembling the wellhead cannot be carried out, and the fracturing time is occupied; and the operator is required to climb up the cable blowout preventer back and forth, the high-altitude operation is involved, the risk is high, the manual assembly and disassembly of the union nut are high in labor intensity and low in efficiency. Therefore, the existing perforation cable blowout prevention equipment is difficult to meet the fracturing requirements in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the current situations of complicated disassembly and assembly, high risk, high strength and low efficiency of the existing perforation cable blowout preventer, the invention aims to provide a perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout preventer and a control method thereof, so as to realize the quick reloading of a cable blowout preventer and a blowout preventer of the perforation cable blowout preventer and the safety of construction.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a perforation well mouth quick reloading blowout prevention device comprises a blowout prevention pipe adapter, a horn-shaped guider, a cam-shaped pressing claw, an annular locker, an annular hydraulic cylinder bin, a cable blowout preventer adapter, an annular pressing claw base and a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the upper end of the cable blowout preventer adapter is connected with the lower end of the annular pressing claw base, the upper end of the annular pressing claw base is connected with the lower end of the horn-shaped guider, the lower end of the blowout prevention pipe adapter can penetrate through the horn-shaped guider and the annular pressing claw base and is inserted into the upper end of the cable blowout preventer adapter, the lower end of the blowout prevention pipe adapter is sealed with the upper end of the cable blowout preventer adapter, and the periphery of the lower end of the blowout prevention pipe adapter is provided with a blowout prevention pipe adapter limiting surface; the annular pressing claw base is uniformly provided with cam-shaped pressing claws in the circumferential direction, the cam-shaped pressing claws are hinged with the annular pressing claw base, a rotating shaft of each cam-shaped pressing claw is vertical to the axis of the annular pressing claw base, and the annular pressing claw base is provided with a notch for the cam-shaped pressing claws to move and an elastic element capable of enabling the cam-shaped pressing claws to open; the annular locker is sleeved on the periphery of the annular pressing claw base, the annular hydraulic cylinder bin is sleeved on the cable blowout preventer adapter, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the annular hydraulic cylinder bin, a hydraulic cylinder piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the annular locker, the hydraulic cylinder can drive the annular locker to move up and down, the annular locker can enable all the cam-shaped pressing claws to be closed through the upward movement of the annular locker, and after all the cam-shaped pressing claws are closed, the cam-shaped pressing claws can press down the limiting surface of the blowout preventer adapter to enable the blowout preventer adapter to be tightly connected with the cable blowout preventer adapter.
Preferably, the outer surface of the part of the lubricator adapter, which is inserted into the cable blowout preventer adapter, is a lubricator adapter sealing surface, a sealing ring is nested on the lubricator adapter sealing surface, the upper surface of the lubricator adapter limiting surface is a lubricator adapter pressure-bearing curved surface, and the end part of the cam-shaped pressing claw can be downwards buckled and pressed on the lubricator adapter pressure-bearing curved surface.
Preferably, the cam-shaped pressing claw is hook-shaped, and one end of the cam-shaped pressing claw is hinged with the annular pressing claw base; the other end of the cam-shaped pressing claw faces the axis of the annular pressing claw base, and the part of the end of the cam-shaped pressing claw, which is in contact with the limiting surface of the lubricator adapter, is set as a cam-shaped pressing claw pressing curved surface; the part of the cam-shaped pressing claw, which is contacted with the annular locker, is a cam-shaped pressing claw pressure-bearing curved surface.
Preferably, after all the cam-shaped pressing claws are closed, the pressure-bearing curved surface of the cam-shaped pressing claw is parallel to the axis of the annular locker.
Preferably, the cam-shaped pressing claw and the annular pressing claw base are connected through a shaft to form a hinged structure, the shaft is mounted at a notch on the annular pressing claw base, the cam-shaped pressing claw moves, one end of the cam-shaped pressing claw is sleeved on the shaft, and a spring capable of enabling the cam-shaped pressing claw to be opened is sleeved on the shaft.
Preferably, the portion of the annular locker in contact with the cam-shaped pressing claw is provided with an annular locker pressing curved surface.
Preferably, the cable blowout preventer adapter is of a cylindrical structure, the upper end of the cable blowout preventer adapter is provided with a stepped hole for the blowout preventer adapter to be inserted into, and after the blowout preventer adapter is inserted into the cable blowout preventer adapter, the upper end surface of the cable blowout preventer adapter abuts against the lower side surface of the limiting surface of the blowout preventer adapter; a flange used for limiting the annular hydraulic cylinder bin is arranged at the lower end of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin on the cable blowout preventer adapter; the lower end of the cable blowout preventer adapter is provided with a flange which can be connected with external equipment.
Preferably, the upper end of the cable blowout preventer adapter is in threaded connection with the lower end of the annular pressure claw base, the upper end of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin is sleeved outside the annular pressure claw base and is in threaded connection with the annular pressure claw base, and the lower end of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin is in threaded connection with the cable blowout preventer adapter.
Preferably, the annular hydraulic cylinder bin is of a cylindrical structure, flange plates are arranged at two ends of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin, the hydraulic cylinder is arranged outside the annular hydraulic cylinder bin and positioned between flanges at two ends of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin, the cylinder body part of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the flanges, a hydraulic cylinder piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the flange at the upper end of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin, and the annular locker is positioned at the upper part of the flange at the upper end of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin; the periphery of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin is covered with a protective shell in the circumferential direction of the hydraulic cylinder, the upper end and the lower end of the protective shell are fixedly connected with flanges at the two ends of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin respectively, and through holes are formed in the protective shell at positions opposite to the inlet and the outlet of the liquid steel.
The invention relates to a control method for quickly reloading a blowout preventer of a perforating wellhead, which comprises the following processes:
installing the perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout preventer on a cable blowout preventer;
connecting a lubricator adapter to the lowest end of the lubricator, and loading the clustering bridge shooting operation perforation downhole pipe string into the lubricator;
hoisting the blowout preventing pipe to the position right above the perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout preventing device, and aligning the blowout preventing pipe adapter with the horn-shaped guider;
lowering the lubricator, and inserting the lubricator adapter into the cable blowout preventer adapter through the guide of the horn-shaped guider so that the lubricator adapter is inserted in place in the cable blowout preventer adapter;
the annular locker is driven by the hydraulic cylinder to move upwards, the annular locker pushes the cam-shaped pressing claw to push the cam-shaped pressing claw 3 to rotate towards the central axis of the annular pressing claw base until the cam-shaped pressing claw presses the limiting surface of the blowout preventer adapter down, so that the blowout preventer adapter is tightly connected with the cable blowout preventer adapter, and the hydraulic cylinder is used for maintaining pressure; the complete blowout preventer is connected with the perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout preventer;
after the blowout preventer is connected with the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout preventer, the well pipe string is lowered to a preset position through clustering bridge shooting operation, and the well pipe string is lifted up to the blowout preventer after perforation; the annular locker is driven by the hydraulic cylinder to move downwards, the annular locker is separated from the cam-shaped pressing claw, the cam-shaped pressing claw is dispersed under the action of the elastic element and releases the limiting surface of the lubricator adapter,
and (4) lifting the blowout preventer to drive the blowout preventer adapter to be separated from the cable blowout preventer adapter, and completing the disassembly of the blowout preventer when the blowout preventer and the perforation wellhead are quickly replaced.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the quick reloading blowout preventer for the perforating wellhead can be connected with a cable blowout preventer by arranging the cable blowout preventer adapter; by arranging the lubricator adapter, connection with the lubricator can be realized; the lubricator adapter is provided with a lubricator adapter limiting surface, the annular pressure claw base is hinged with the rotatable cam-shaped pressure claw, and the lubricator adapter can be tightly held after the lubricator adapter is inserted into the cable blowout preventer adapter through the cam-shaped pressure claw, so that the lubricator adapter is tightly connected with the cable blowout preventer adapter. All the cam-shaped pressing claws can be synchronously driven to gather together and tightly hold the lubricator adapter through the annular locker; the annular pressing claw base is provided with an elastic element capable of enabling the cam-shaped pressing claw to be opened, after the cam-shaped pressing claw is separated from the annular locker through the elastic element, the cam-shaped pressing claw pops out and timely releases contact with the limiting surface of the blowout-preventing pipe adapter, and therefore the blowout-preventing pipe adapter and the cable blowout preventer adapter can be separated. The annular locker is driven by the liquid steel, so that sufficient driving force can be ensured, and the annular locker is easy to realize and reliable in structure. The quick reloading blowout preventer for the perforating wellhead can realize the quick reloading of the cable blowout preventer and the blowout preventer, and saves the operation of manually installing and disassembling the union nut when an operator climbs the cable blowout preventer back and forth. The disassembly and assembly of the cable blowout preventer and the blowout prevention pipe are rapid and unmanned, the operation risk and the operation strength are reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first structural diagram of a rapid replacement blowout preventer of a perforating wellhead; FIG. 2 is a second structural diagram of the rapid replacement blowout preventer of a perforating wellhead of the invention; FIG. 3 is a third structural diagram of the rapid perforation wellhead reloading blowout preventer of the invention; FIG. 4 is a fourth structural diagram of the rapid perforation wellhead reloading blowout preventer of the invention; FIG. 5 is a fifth structural view of the rapid perforation wellhead reloading blowout preventer of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a sixth structural view of the rapid perforation wellhead reloading blowout preventer of the present invention; FIG. 7 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 6; FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 6; fig. 9 is a schematic view of the section C-C in fig. 6, and fig. 10 is a seventh structural view of the quick reloading blowout preventer of a perforating wellhead of the invention; FIG. 11 is a eighth structural diagram of the rapid perforating wellhead reloading blowout preventer of the present invention; FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 11; FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of FIG. 11; FIG. 14 is a schematic sectional view taken along line F-F in FIG. 11; FIG. 15 is a first block diagram of a hydraulic cylinder according to the present invention; FIG. 16 is a schematic sectional view taken along line G-G in FIG. 15; FIG. 17 is a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 18 is a third diagram of the construction of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention; FIG. 19 is a control schematic diagram of the perforating wellhead quick-change blowout preventer of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 5, a blowout preventer for fast replacement of a perforation wellhead includes a blowout preventer adapter 1, a trumpet-shaped guide 2, a cam-shaped pressing claw 3, a spring 4, a shaft 5, an annular locker 6, a first screw 7, an annular hydraulic cylinder chamber 8, a protective shell 9, a cable blowout preventer adapter 10, an annular pressing claw base 11, a second screw 12, a hydraulic cylinder 13, a third screw 14, a nut 15, a fourth screw 16, a first pipeline 17, and a second pipeline 18. The lubricator adapter 1 comprises a first lubricator adapter outer sealing ring 1.1, a second lubricator adapter outer sealing ring 1.2, a lubricator adapter limiting surface 1.3, a lubricator adapter sealing surface 1.4 and a lubricator adapter pressure-bearing curved surface 1.5. The cam-shaped pressing claw 3 comprises a cam-shaped pressing claw pressing curved surface 3.1 and a cam-shaped pressing claw bearing curved surface 3.2. The ring binder 6 includes a ring binder pressing curved surface 6.1. The cable blowout preventer adapter 10 comprises a cable blowout preventer adapter limiting surface 10.1, a cable blowout preventer adapter sealing surface 10.2. The hydraulic cylinder 13 comprises a hydraulic cylinder dustproof pad 13.1, a hydraulic cylinder front fixing seat inner sealing ring 13.2, a hydraulic cylinder front fixing seat 13.3, a hydraulic cylinder front fixing seat outer sealing ring 13.4, a protective cap 13.5, a hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6, a hydraulic cylinder piston rod outer sealing ring 13.7, a hydraulic cylinder piston outer sealing ring I13.8, a piston rod locking gasket 13.9, a hydraulic cylinder piston outer sealing ring II 13.10, a hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11, a hydraulic cylinder shell 13.12, a hydraulic cylinder rear fixing seat outer sealing ring 13.13, a hydraulic cylinder rear fixing seat 13.14, a hydraulic cylinder high-pressure hydraulic oil injection port I13.15, a hydraulic cylinder high-pressure hydraulic oil injection port II 13.16, a hydraulic cylinder piston retraction cavity 13.17 and a hydraulic cylinder piston extension cavity 13.18.
The hydraulic control system of the perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout preventing equipment comprises a first hydraulic control check valve 19, a second hydraulic control check valve 20, a first control pipeline 21, a second control pipeline 22, a synchronous overflow valve 23, a hydraulic synchronous motor 24, an adjustable one-way throttle valve 25, a three-position four-way reversing valve 26, a check valve 27, a bus overflow valve 28, a filter 29, an energy accumulator 30, a stop valve 31, a pressurizing line overflow valve 32, a low-power diesel engine 33, a first hydraulic pump 34, a high-power diesel engine 35, a second hydraulic pump 36, a first air motor 37, an air compressor 38, a third hydraulic pump 39, a second air motor 40, an external air source 41, a fourth hydraulic pump 42, a manual hydraulic pump 42 and an oil tank 44. The invention is particularly suitable for the cable pumping clustering bridging process of unconventional oil and gas wells such as shale gas, dense gas, coal bed gas and the like, ensures the safety and reliability of well mouth sealing under the condition of high pressure of a shaft in the pumping process, and improves the replacement and installation efficiency of the well mouth.
The invention relates to a control method for quickly reloading a blowout preventer of a perforating wellhead, which comprises the following steps of;
and 6, generating high-pressure hydraulic oil by using one of the following four ways:
in mode 1, the first hydraulic pump 34 is driven by the low-power diesel engine 33 to pump the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 44 into the accumulator 30 through the filter 29. The hydraulic oil is pressurized to high-pressure hydraulic oil by the accumulator 30. The pressure increasing line overflow valve 32 controls the hydraulic oil pumped by the first hydraulic pump 34 not to exceed the maximum pressure of the input hydraulic oil of the energy storage device 30;
in mode 2, the high-power diesel engine 35 drives the second hydraulic pump 36 to boost the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 44 to high-pressure hydraulic oil through the filter 29. The pressure increasing line overflow valve 32 controls the high-pressure hydraulic oil pumped by the second hydraulic pump 36 not to exceed the maximum pressure of the system;
in mode 3, the air compressor 38 generates high-pressure air to drive the air motor I37, the air motor I37 drives the hydraulic pump III 39, and hydraulic oil in the oil tank 44 is pressurized into high-pressure hydraulic oil through the filter 29. The pressure-increasing line overflow valve 32 controls the high-pressure hydraulic oil pumped by the hydraulic pump III 39 not to exceed the maximum pressure of the system;
in the mode 4, the external air source 41 drives the second air motor 40, the second air motor 40 drives the fourth hydraulic pump 42, and the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 44 is pressurized into high-pressure hydraulic oil through the filter 29. The pressure-increasing line overflow valve 32 controls the high-pressure hydraulic oil pumped by the hydraulic pump IV 42 not to exceed the maximum pressure of the system;
and step 8, under the extending action of a hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6, the annular locker 6 moves upwards to push the cam-shaped pressing claw 3 to overcome the torsion of the spring 4 and rotate towards the central axis of the perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout preventer until the cam-shaped pressing claw pressing curved surface 3.1 is contacted with the blowout preventer adapter pressure-bearing curved surface 1.5. Meanwhile, the cam-shaped pressing claw bearing curved surface 3.2 ensures that the cam-shaped pressing claw 3 is always in a locking state under the action of the annular locker pressing curved surface 6.1. The three-position four-way reversing valve 26 is adjusted to the middle position, and the annular locker 6 is fixed at the position without displacement under the action of a hydraulic lock consisting of the first hydraulic control check valve 19, the second hydraulic control check valve 20, the first control pipeline 21 and the second control pipeline 22. Completing the quick connection of the blowout preventer and the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout preventer;
referring to fig. 1, 2 (a) and 2 (b), the perforation wellhead quick-change blowout preventer comprises a blowout preventer adapter 1, a horn-shaped guider 2, a cam-shaped pressing claw 3, a spring 4, a shaft 5, an annular locker 6, a first screw 7, an annular hydraulic cylinder bin 8, a protective shell 9, a cable blowout preventer adapter 10, an annular pressing claw base 11, a second screw 12, a hydraulic cylinder 13, a third screw 14, a nut 15 and a fourth screw 16. The horn-shaped guider 2, the annular pressing claw base 11, the annular hydraulic cylinder bin 8 and the cable blowout preventer adapter 10 are sequentially connected through threads to form a base body of the perforating wellhead quick reloading blowout preventer, and a channel for a clustering bridge jetting downhole pipe string to pass through is formed in the middle of the base body. When in site operation, firstly, the perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout preventer is fixed at the upper end of a cable blowout preventer through a flange shape at the lowest end of a base body by using bolts and nuts. The lubricator adaptor 1 is then attached to the lower end of the lubricator, the lubricator is suspended by the crane directly above the trumpet guide 2, the lubricator is lowered by the crane, and the lubricator adaptor 1 is inserted into the cable blowout preventer adaptor 10 through the trumpet guide 2. The execution body of the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout preventer consists of a cam-shaped pressing claw 3, a spring 4 and a shaft 5. Three sets of execution bodies are uniformly arranged on the annular pressing claw base in an angle of 120 degrees, and the lubricator adapter 1 is firmly fixed on the cable blowout preventer adapter 10 during operation. The driving body of the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout preventer consists of three hydraulic cylinders 13 and an annular locker 6. Three hydraulic cylinders 13 are uniformly arranged in the annular hydraulic cylinder bin 8 at an angle of 120 degrees through a third screw 14, a fourth screw 16 and a nut 15, and the annular locker 6 is arranged on the hydraulic cylinders 13 through a second screw 12. In operation, the annular locker 6 moves up and down back and forth by injecting high-pressure hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder 13, so that the cam-shaped pressing claw 3 is driven to be locked and released. The three sets of actuating bodies and the three hydraulic cylinders 13 are distributed in a staggered way at 60-degree included angles. The three protective casings 9 are uniformly arranged outside the annular hydraulic cylinder bin 8 through a first screw 7 at an angle of 120 degrees. The first pipeline 17 and the second pipeline 18 are respectively connected with the hydraulic cylinder 13 to realize the injection of high-pressure hydraulic oil.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the perforation wellhead quick-change blowout preventer comprises a blowout preventer adapter 1, a horn-shaped guider 2, a cam-shaped pressing claw 3, a spring 4, a shaft 5, an annular locker 6, a first screw 7, an annular hydraulic cylinder bin 8, a protective shell 9, a cable blowout preventer adapter 10, an annular pressing claw base 11, a second screw 12, a hydraulic cylinder 13 and a fourth screw 16. During the insertion of the lubricator adapter 1 into the cable blowout preventer adapter 10, the lubricator adapter 1 sits stably on the cable blowout preventer adapter 10 by the lubricator adapter stop face 1.3 and limits the depth of insertion of the lubricator adapter 1 into the cable blowout preventer adapter 10. The first sealing ring 1.1 of the blowout preventer adapter, the second sealing ring 1.2 of the blowout preventer adapter and the sealing surface 1.4 of the blowout preventer adapter ensure that after the blowout preventer adapter 1 is inserted into the cable blowout preventer adapter 10, a well pipe string channel inside the matrix of the perforating wellhead rapid reloading blowout preventer is completely isolated from the external environment, liquid in a well shaft cannot leak through a gap between the sealing surface 1.4 of the blowout preventer adapter and the sealing surface 10.2 of the cable blowout preventer adapter, the perforating wellhead rapid reloading blowout preventer has reliable sealing and bearing performance, and pumping operation under high pressure can be completed.
Referring to fig. 5 to 9, the blowout preventer for quick replacement of a perforating wellhead comprises a blowout preventer adapter 1, a horn-shaped guider 2, a cam-shaped pressing claw 3, a spring 4, a shaft 5, an annular locker 6, a first screw 7, an annular hydraulic cylinder bin 8, a protective shell 9, a cable blowout preventer adapter 10, an annular pressing claw base 11, a second screw 12, a hydraulic cylinder 13 and a fourth screw 16. Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 5. In fig. 6,base:Sub>A sectional viewbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A, namely fig. 7, is established sequentially through the center line of the hydraulic cylinder 13, the center line of the perforating wellhead quick-change blowout preventer and the center line of the other hydraulic cylinder 13. In fig. 6, a B-B cross-sectional view, namely fig. 8, is established by sequentially passing through the central line of the cam-shaped pressing claw 3, the central line of the perforating wellhead quick-change blowout preventer and the central line of the other cam-shaped pressing claw 3. In fig. 6, a C-C section view, namely fig. 9, is established sequentially through the center line of the hydraulic cylinder 13, the center line of the quick-change blowout preventer of the perforating wellhead and the center line of the cam-shaped pressing claw 3. Fig. 5 to 9 show a state where the lubricator adapter 1 is inserted into the cable blowout preventer adapter 10 but the cam-shaped pressing claws 3 are not yet locked. The hydraulic cylinder piston rods 13.6 of the three hydraulic cylinders 13 have now all been retracted into the hydraulic cylinders 13 to the end position, while the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder piston extension chambers 13.18 of the three hydraulic cylinders 13 has all been returned to the oil tank 44. The cam-shaped pressing claw 3 is abutted against the annular locker 6 under the action of the spring 4, and the tight contact between the cam-shaped pressing claw pressure-bearing curved surface 3.2 and the annular locker pressure-bearing curved surface 6.1 and the 1.5-stroke separation state between the cam-shaped pressing claw pressure-bearing curved surface 3.1 and the lubricator adapter pressure-bearing curved surface are kept.
Referring to fig. 10 to 14, the perforation wellhead quick-change blowout preventer comprises a blowout preventer adapter 1, a horn-shaped guider 2, a cam-shaped pressing claw 3, a spring 4, a shaft 5, an annular locker 6, a first screw 7, an annular hydraulic cylinder bin 8, a protective shell 9, a cable blowout preventer adapter 10, an annular pressing claw base 11, a second screw 12, a hydraulic cylinder 13 and a fourth screw 16. Fig. 11 is a top view of fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a D-D sectional view which is established in fig. 11 by a center line of a hydraulic cylinder 13, a center line of the perforation wellhead quick-change blowout preventer and a center line of another hydraulic cylinder 13. Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 11, which is an E-E cross-sectional view sequentially established by a central line of the cam-shaped pressing claw 3, a central line of the quick-change blowout preventer of the perforation wellhead and a central line of another cam-shaped pressing claw 3. In fig. 11, a cross section F-F, namely fig. 14, is established through the center line of the hydraulic cylinder 13, the center line of the quick-change blowout preventer of the perforation wellhead and the center line of the cam-shaped pressing claw 3. Fig. 10 to 14 show the state where the lubricator adapter 1 is inserted into the cable blowout preventer adapter 10 and the cam-like pressing claws 3 are locked. The hydraulic cylinder piston rods 13.6 of the three hydraulic cylinders 13 have now all been extended out of the hydraulic cylinders 13 to the end position, while the hydraulic cylinder piston retraction chambers 13.17 of the three hydraulic cylinders 13 have all been returned to the oil tank 44. The cam-shaped pressing claw 3 is tightly pressed against the cable blowout preventer adapter 10 under the action of the annular locker 6, and the pressure-bearing curved surface 3.2 of the cam-shaped pressing claw is kept in tight contact with the pressure-bearing curved surface 6.1 of the annular locker and the pressure-bearing curved surface 3.1 of the cam-shaped pressing claw is kept in tight contact with the pressure-bearing curved surface 1.5 of the lubricator adapter.
Referring to fig. 5 to 14, the perforation wellhead quick-change blowout preventer comprises a blowout preventer adapter 1, a horn-shaped guider 2, a cam-shaped pressing claw 3, a spring 4, a shaft 5, an annular locker 6, a first screw 7, an annular hydraulic cylinder bin 8, a protective shell 9, a cable blowout preventer adapter 10, an annular pressing claw base 11, a second screw 12, a hydraulic cylinder 13 and a fourth screw 16. Fig. 5 to 9 show a state where the lubricator adapter 1 is inserted into the cable blowout preventer adapter 10 but the cam-shaped pressing claws 3 are not yet locked. After the lubricator adapter 1 is inserted into the cable blowout preventer adapter 10, the lubricator adapter 1 is stably seated on the cable blowout preventer adapter 10 through the lubricator adapter stop surface 10.1, and the depth of the lubricator adapter 1 inserted into the cable blowout preventer adapter 10 is limited. The hydraulic cylinder piston rods 13.6 of the three hydraulic cylinders 13 have now all been retracted into the hydraulic cylinders 13 to the end position, while the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder piston extension chambers 13.18 of the three hydraulic cylinders 13 has all been returned to the oil tank 44. The cam-shaped pressing claw 3 is abutted against the annular locker 6 under the action of the spring 4, and the tight contact between the cam-shaped pressing claw pressure-bearing curved surface 3.2 and the annular locker pressure-bearing curved surface 6.1 and the 1.5-stroke separation state between the cam-shaped pressing claw pressure-bearing curved surface 3.1 and the lubricator adapter pressure-bearing curved surface are kept. Before the cluster bridging operation, firstly, hydraulic oil in the oil tank 44 is injected into the hydraulic cylinder piston extension cavities 13.18 of the three hydraulic cylinders 13 through the hydraulic control system to push the hydraulic cylinder pistons 13.11 and the hydraulic cylinder piston rods 13.6 to synchronously extend out of the hydraulic cylinders 13. Under the extending action of a hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6, the annular locker 6 moves upwards to push the cam-shaped pressing claw 3 to overcome the torsion of the spring 4 and rotate towards the central axis of the rapid reloading blowout preventer of the perforation wellhead until the pressing curved surface 3.1 of the cam-shaped pressing claw is contacted with the pressure-bearing curved surface 1.5 of the blowout preventer adapter. When the cylinder piston rod 13.6 is extended to the end position, the supply of hydraulic oil under pressure to the cylinder 13 is stopped and the control line two 22 is pressureless and the reverse flow channel is closed. At the moment, high-pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder piston retraction cavity 13.17 and the hydraulic cylinder piston extension cavity 13.18 cannot flow back to a system oil circuit, the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11 and the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6 are kept in a non-stroke locking state, the annular locker 6 is guaranteed to be always in a locking state, meanwhile, the cam-shaped pressing claw bearing curved surface 3.2 also guarantees that the cam-shaped pressing claw 3 is always in a locking state under the action of the annular locker pressing curved surface 6.1, and the quick installation of the blowout preventer and the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout preventer is completed. At the moment, the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout preventer is in a locking state, namely as shown in figures 10 to 14, and the clustering bridge shooting downhole pipe string can be put into the well at any time. The lubricator adapter 1 is firmly clamped by the pressure applied by the cam-shaped pressing claw pressing curved surface 3.1 through the lubricator adapter pressure-bearing curved surface 1.5, so that the reliable connection of the lubricator adapter 1 and the cable blowout preventer adapter 10 is ensured, and the lubricator adapter 1 cannot be separated from the cable blowout preventer adapter 10 under the action of high pressure of a shaft. The first sealing ring 1.1 of the blowout preventer adapter, the second sealing ring 1.2 of the blowout preventer adapter and the sealing surface 1.3 of the blowout preventer adapter ensure that after the blowout preventer adapter 1 is inserted into the cable blowout preventer adapter 10, a well pipe string channel inside the matrix of the perforating wellhead rapid reloading blowout preventer is completely isolated from the external environment, liquid in a well shaft cannot leak through a gap between the sealing surface 1.3 of the blowout preventer adapter and the sealing surface 10.2 of the cable blowout preventer adapter, the perforating wellhead rapid reloading blowout preventer has reliable sealing and bearing performance, and pumping operation under high pressure can be completed.
Referring to fig. 5 to 14, the perforation wellhead quick-change blowout preventer comprises a blowout preventer adapter 1, a horn-shaped guider 2, a cam-shaped pressing claw 3, a spring 4, a shaft 5, an annular locker 6, a first screw 7, an annular hydraulic cylinder bin 8, a protective shell 9, a cable blowout preventer adapter 10, an annular pressing claw base 11, a second screw 12, a hydraulic cylinder 13 and a fourth screw 16. Fig. 10 to 14 show a state where the lubricator adaptor 1 is inserted into the cable blowout preventer adaptor 10 and the cam-shaped pressing claws 3 are locked. The hydraulic cylinder piston rods 13.6 of the three hydraulic cylinders 13 have now all been extended out of the hydraulic cylinders 13 to the end position, while the hydraulic cylinder piston retraction chambers 13.17 of the three hydraulic cylinders 13 have all been returned to the oil tank 44. The cam-shaped pressing claw 3 is tightly pressed against the cable blowout preventer adapter 10 under the action of the annular locker 6, and the pressure-bearing curved surface 3.2 of the cam-shaped pressing claw is kept in tight contact with the pressure-bearing curved surface 6.1 of the annular locker and the pressure-bearing curved surface 3.1 of the cam-shaped pressing claw is kept in tight contact with the pressure-bearing curved surface 1.5 of the lubricator adapter. After the clustering bridging operation is finished, the down-hole pipe is lifted up and is connected into the blowout preventer, hydraulic oil in the oil tank 44 is injected into hydraulic cylinder piston retraction cavities 13.17 of the three hydraulic cylinders 13 through a hydraulic control system, and hydraulic cylinder pistons 13.11 and hydraulic cylinder piston rods 13.6 are pushed to be retracted into the hydraulic cylinders 13 synchronously. The annular locker 6 moves downwards under the retraction action of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6, the pressure bearing curved surface 3.2 of the cam-shaped pressing claw is gradually separated from the pressure bearing curved surface 6.1 of the annular locker, at the moment, the cam-shaped pressing claw 3 rotates towards the outside under the torsion action of the spring 4, and the pressure bearing curved surface 3.1 of the cam-shaped pressing claw is gradually separated from the pressure bearing curved surface 1.5 of the lubricator adapter. When the cylinder rod 13.6 is fully retracted, the supply of hydraulic fluid under pressure to the cylinder 13 is stopped and the control line one 21 is pressureless and the reverse flow path is closed. At the moment, high-pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder piston retraction cavity 13.17 and the hydraulic cylinder piston extension cavity 13.18 cannot flow back to an oil circuit of the system, the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11 and the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6 are kept in a non-stroke locking state, the annular locker 6 is guaranteed to be always in a locking state, and the cam-shaped pressing claw 3 is separated from the lubricator adapter 1. At the moment, the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout preventer is in an unlocked state, namely as shown in fig. 5 to 9, the blowout preventer is lifted up by the crane, the blowout preventer adapter 1 is driven to be separated from the cable blowout preventer adapter 10, and quick disassembly of the blowout preventer and the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout preventer is completed.
Referring to fig. 15 to 18, the hydraulic cylinder 13 includes a hydraulic cylinder dustproof pad 13.1, a hydraulic cylinder front fixing seat inner sealing ring 13.2, a hydraulic cylinder front fixing seat 13.3, a hydraulic cylinder front fixing seat outer sealing ring 13.4, a protective cap 13.5, a hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6, a hydraulic cylinder piston rod outer sealing ring 13.7, a hydraulic cylinder piston outer sealing ring one 13.8, a piston rod locking gasket 13.9, a hydraulic cylinder piston outer sealing ring two 13.10, a hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11, a hydraulic cylinder shell 13.12, a hydraulic cylinder rear fixing seat outer sealing ring 13.13, a hydraulic cylinder rear fixing seat 13.14, a hydraulic cylinder high-pressure hydraulic oil injection port one 13.15, a hydraulic cylinder high-pressure hydraulic oil injection port two 13.16, a hydraulic cylinder piston retraction cavity 13.17, and a hydraulic cylinder piston extension cavity 13.18. The front fixed seat 13.3 of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed at the front end of the hydraulic cylinder shell 13.12 by welding, and the rear fixed seat 13.14 of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed at the rear end of the hydraulic cylinder shell 13.12 by welding, thereby forming the main part of the hydraulic cylinder 13. The dustproof pad 13.1 of hydraulic cylinder is installed at the foremost internal surface of hydraulic cylinder front fixing base 13.3, prevents that external impurity from getting into the hydraulic cylinder cavity. The outer sealing ring 13.4 of the front fixed seat of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the outer surface of the front fixed seat 13.3 of the hydraulic cylinder, and a gap between the outer surface of the front fixed seat 13.3 of the hydraulic cylinder and the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder shell 13.12 is sealed, so that high-pressure hydraulic oil is prevented from leaking. The internal seal circle 13.2 of the front fixed seat of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the inner surface of the front fixed seat 13.3 of the hydraulic cylinder, and the gap between the inner surface of the front fixed seat 13.3 of the hydraulic cylinder and the outer surface of the piston rod 13.6 of the hydraulic cylinder is sealed, so that high-pressure hydraulic oil is prevented from leaking. The outer sealing ring of the rear fixed seat 13.14 of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the outer surface of the rear fixed seat 13.14 of the hydraulic cylinder, and the gap between the outer surface of the rear fixed seat 13.14 of the hydraulic cylinder and the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder shell 13.12 is sealed, so that high-pressure hydraulic oil is prevented from leaking. The hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6 and the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11 are fixedly connected into an actuating component of the integral hydraulic cylinder 13 through threads. The outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11 and the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder shell 13.12 form clearance fit, and the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11 can move back and forth in the hydraulic cylinder shell 13.12 under the action of high-pressure hydraulic oil. The first hydraulic cylinder piston outer sealing ring 13.8 and the second hydraulic cylinder piston outer sealing ring 13.10 are arranged on the outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11, a gap is sealed between the outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11 and the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder shell 13.12, the inner part of the hydraulic cylinder shell 13.12 is divided into two independent and sealed and isolated cavities, namely a hydraulic cylinder piston retraction cavity 13.17 and a hydraulic cylinder piston extension cavity 13.18, and high-pressure hydraulic oil is prevented from flowing between the hydraulic cylinder piston retraction cavity 13.17 and the hydraulic cylinder piston extension cavity 13.18. And the outer sealing ring 13.7 of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod is arranged on the outer surface of the rear part of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6, and seals a gap between the outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6 and the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11, so that high-pressure hydraulic oil is prevented from flowing between the retraction cavity 13.17 of the hydraulic cylinder piston and the extension cavity 13.18 of the hydraulic cylinder piston. The piston rod locking gasket 13.9 is arranged at the root of the rod thread of the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11, and the thread of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6 connected with the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11 is prevented from being loosened. The first pipeline 17 is connected with the first hydraulic oil injection port 13.15 of the hydraulic cylinder, and the second pipeline 18 is connected with the second hydraulic oil injection port 13.16 of the hydraulic cylinder. High-pressure hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic cylinder piston extending cavity 13.18 through the second pipeline 18, the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder piston retracting cavity 13.17 flows back to the oil tank 44 through the first pipeline 17, and the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6 extends out to drive the annular locker 6 to move upwards to complete the quick connection of the lubricator adapter 1 and the cable blowout preventer adapter 10. High-pressure hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic cylinder piston retraction cavity 13.17 through the first pipeline 17, meanwhile, the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder piston extension cavity 13.18 flows back to the oil tank 44 through the second pipeline 18, and the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6 retracts to drive the annular locker 6 to move downwards so as to complete the separation of the lubricator adapter 1 and the cable blowout preventer adapter 10.
Referring to fig. 19, the hydraulic control system comprises a first hydraulic control check valve 19, a second hydraulic control check valve 20, a first control pipeline 21, a second control pipeline 22, a synchronous overflow valve 23, a hydraulic synchronous motor 24, an adjustable one-way throttle valve 25, a three-position four-way reversing valve 26, a check valve 27, a bus overflow valve 28, a filter 29, an energy storage device 30, a stop valve 31, a booster line overflow valve 32, a low-power diesel engine 33, a first hydraulic pump 34, a high-power diesel engine 35, a second hydraulic pump 36, a first air motor 37, an air compressor 38, a third hydraulic pump 39, a second air motor 40, an external air source 41, a fourth hydraulic pump 42, a manual hydraulic pump 43 and an oil tank 44. The hydraulic oil in the oil tank 44 is boosted into high-pressure hydraulic oil through the hydraulic control system and enters the hydraulic cylinder 13 to control the quick reloading blowout preventer of the perforation wellhead to quickly reload the blowout preventer.
Referring to fig. 19, the blowout preventer for fast reloading of a perforating wellhead and a control method thereof. The low-power diesel engine 33 drives the first hydraulic pump 34 to pump the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 44 into the accumulator 30 through the filter 29. The hydraulic oil is pressurized by the accumulator 30 to become high-pressure hydraulic oil. The pressure-increasing line overflow valve 32 controls the hydraulic pump 34 to pump hydraulic oil which does not exceed the maximum pressure of the input hydraulic oil of the accumulator 30.
Referring to fig. 19, the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout prevention device and the control method thereof. The high-power diesel engine 35 drives the second hydraulic pump 36 to boost the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 44 into high-pressure hydraulic oil through the filter 29. The second hydraulic pump 36 is controlled by the pressure-increasing line overflow valve 32 to pump high-pressure hydraulic oil not to exceed the maximum pressure of the system.
Referring to fig. 19, the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout prevention device and the control method thereof. The air compressor 38 generates high-pressure air to drive the air motor I37, the air motor I37 drives the hydraulic pump III 39, and hydraulic oil in the oil tank 44 is pressurized into high-pressure hydraulic oil through the filter 29. The pressure-increasing line overflow valve 32 controls the high-pressure hydraulic oil pumped by the hydraulic pump three 39 not to exceed the maximum pressure of the system.
Referring to fig. 19, the blowout preventer for fast reloading of a perforating wellhead and a control method thereof. The external air source 41 drives the second air motor 40, the second air motor 40 drives the fourth hydraulic pump 42, and hydraulic oil in the oil tank 44 is pressurized into high-pressure hydraulic oil through the filter 29. The pressure-increasing line overflow valve 32 controls the high-pressure hydraulic oil pumped by the hydraulic pump four 42 not to exceed the maximum pressure of the system.
Referring to fig. 19, the blowout preventer for fast reloading of a perforating wellhead and a control method thereof. The manual hydraulic pump 43 is manually driven to boost the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 44 to high-pressure hydraulic oil through the filter 29. The pressure-increasing line overflow valve 32 controls the high-pressure hydraulic oil pumped by the manual hydraulic pump 43 not to exceed the maximum pressure of the system.
Referring to fig. 19, the blowout preventer for fast reloading of a perforating wellhead and a control method thereof. High-pressure hydraulic oil enters the three-position four-way reversing valve 26 through the stop valve 31 and the filter 29, and the bus overflow valve 28 controls the high-pressure hydraulic oil entering the three-position four-way reversing valve 26 not to exceed the maximum input pressure of the three-position four-way reversing valve 26. If the three-position four-way reversing valve 26 is in the left position, high-pressure hydraulic oil is branched into three oil paths through the adjustable one-way throttle valve 25 after coming out of the port A and enters a synchronous loop consisting of the hydraulic synchronous motor 24, the synchronous overflow valve 23 and the one-way valve 27. Under the pressure regulating effect of the synchronous loop, high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic cylinder piston extension cavity 13.18 through the first hydraulic control one-way valve 19 and the second pipeline 18, and drives the hydraulic cylinder pistons 13.11 of the three hydraulic cylinders 13 to drive the hydraulic cylinder piston rods 13.6 to synchronously extend. Meanwhile, the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the control pipeline II 22 drives the hydraulic control one-way valve II 20 to open a reverse flow channel, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder piston retraction cavity 13.17 enters the three-position four-way reversing valve 26 from the port B through the pipeline I17 and the hydraulic control one-way valve II 20 and then returns to the oil tank 44 through the one-way valve 27 and the filter 29. When the piston rod 13.6 of the hydraulic cylinder extends to the terminal point, the three-position four-way reversing valve 26 is adjusted to the middle position, the reverse flow channel of the second hydraulic control one-way valve 20 is closed, the hydraulic cylinder 13 is in a self-locking state, and the piston rod 13.6 of the hydraulic cylinder is kept extending to the terminal point position.
Referring to fig. 19, the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout prevention device and the control method thereof. High-pressure hydraulic oil enters the three-position four-way reversing valve 26 through the stop valve 31 and the filter 29, and the bus overflow valve 28 controls the high-pressure hydraulic oil entering the three-position four-way reversing valve 26 not to exceed the maximum input pressure of the three-position four-way reversing valve 26. If the three-position four-way reversing valve 26 is in the right position, high-pressure hydraulic oil is branched into three oil paths after coming out of the port B, and enters the hydraulic cylinder piston retraction cavity 13.17 through the second hydraulic control one-way valve 20 and the first pipeline 17 on each oil path. Meanwhile, the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the control pipeline I21 drives the first hydraulic control check valve 19 to open a reverse flow channel, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder piston extending cavity 13.18 enters a synchronous loop consisting of a hydraulic synchronous motor 24, a synchronous overflow valve 23 and a check valve 27 through the pipeline II 18 and the first hydraulic control check valve 19. Under the pressure regulating effect of the synchronous circuit, hydraulic cylinder pistons 13.11 of the three hydraulic cylinders 13 are driven to drive hydraulic cylinder piston rods 13.6 to retract synchronously. The high-pressure hydraulic oil is collected, enters the three-position four-way reversing valve 26 from the port A through the adjustable one-way throttle valve 25, and then returns to the oil tank 44 through the one-way valve 27 and the filter 29. When the piston rod 13.6 of the hydraulic cylinder retracts to the end point, the three-position four-way reversing valve 26 is adjusted to the middle position, the reverse flow channel of the first hydraulic control one-way valve 19 is closed, the hydraulic cylinder 13 is in a self-locking state, and the piston rod 13.6 of the hydraulic cylinder is kept retracting to the end point.
Referring to fig. 19, the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout prevention device and the control method thereof. The hydraulic control system includes a synchronization circuit. The synchronous loop is composed of a hydraulic synchronous motor 24, a synchronous overflow valve 23 and a check valve 27. The synchronous overflow valve 23 and the check valve 27 eliminate the asynchronous error of the piston position of the hydraulic cylinder. Under the effect of the error, one of the hydraulic cylinder pistons 13.11 reaches the end point first. The hydraulic synchronous motor 24 driving the hydraulic cylinder 13 is driven by another hydraulic synchronous motor 24 which is coaxially connected, high-pressure hydraulic oil is continuously input into the hydraulic cylinder 13, the oil pressure is increased, the synchronous overflow valve 23 is opened, the oil returns to the system, and the three cylinders are synchronized. The check valve 27 prevents the suction of the slightly faster hydraulic cylinder 13.
Referring to fig. 19, the blowout preventer for fast reloading of a perforating wellhead and a control method thereof. The hydraulic control system includes a hydraulic lock. The hydraulic lock consists of a first hydraulic control check valve 19, a second hydraulic control check valve 20, a first control pipeline 21 and a second control pipeline 22. High-pressure hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic cylinder piston extension cavity 13.18 through the first hydraulic control check valve 19 and the second pipeline 18 to drive the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6 to extend. And meanwhile, high-pressure hydraulic oil enters a second control pipeline 22 to drive a second hydraulic control one-way valve 20 to open a reverse flow channel, the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11 extrudes the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder piston retraction cavity 13.17 when extending, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil flows back to a system oil circuit from the first pipeline 17 through the second hydraulic control one-way valve 20 opened by the reverse flow channel. When the cylinder rod 13.6 is extended to the end, the supply of hydraulic oil under pressure to the cylinder 13 is stopped and the control line two 22 is pressureless and the reverse flow path is closed. At this time, the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder piston retraction cavity 13.17 and the hydraulic cylinder piston extension cavity 13.18 cannot flow back to the system oil path, and the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11 remains stationary.
Referring to fig. 19, the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout prevention device and the control method thereof. The hydraulic control system includes a hydraulic lock. The hydraulic lock consists of a first hydraulic control check valve 19, a second hydraulic control check valve 20, a first control pipeline 21 and a second control pipeline 22. The high-pressure hydraulic oil passes through the second hydraulic control check valve 20, the first pipeline 17 enters the hydraulic cylinder piston retraction cavity 13.17, and the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 13.6 is driven to retract. Meanwhile, high-pressure hydraulic oil enters a control pipeline I21 to drive a first pilot-controlled check valve 19 to open a reverse flow channel, the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11 extrudes the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder piston extension cavity 13.18 when retracting, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil flows back to a system oil path from a pipeline II 18 through the first pilot-controlled check valve 19 opened by the reverse flow channel. When the cylinder rod 13.6 has retracted to the end, the supply of hydraulic oil under pressure to the cylinder 13 is stopped and the control line one 21 is pressureless and the reverse flow passage is closed. At this time, the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder piston extending cavity 13.18 and the hydraulic cylinder piston retracting cavity 13.17 cannot flow back to the system oil circuit, and the hydraulic cylinder piston 13.11 is kept still.
Claims (5)
1. The blowout preventer is characterized by comprising a blowout preventer adapter (1), a horn-shaped guider (2), a cam-shaped pressing claw (3), an annular locker (6), an annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8), a cable blowout preventer adapter (10), an annular pressing claw base (11) and a hydraulic cylinder (13), wherein the upper end of the cable blowout preventer adapter (10) is connected with the lower end of the annular pressing claw base (11), the upper end of the annular pressing claw base (11) is connected with the lower end of the horn-shaped guider (2), the lower end of the blowout preventer adapter (1) can penetrate through the horn-shaped guider (2) and the annular pressing claw base (11) and is inserted into the upper end of the cable blowout preventer adapter (10), the lower end of the blowout preventer adapter (1) is sealed with the upper end of the cable blowout preventer adapter (10), and a blowout preventer adapter limiting surface (1.3) is arranged on the periphery of the lower end of the blowout preventer adapter (1); the annular pressing claw base (11) is uniformly provided with cam-shaped pressing claws (3) in the circumferential direction, the cam-shaped pressing claws (3) are hinged with the annular pressing claw base (11), a rotating shaft of the cam-shaped pressing claws (3) is vertical to the axis of the annular pressing claw base (11), and the annular pressing claw base (11) is provided with notches for the cam-shaped pressing claws (3) to move and elastic elements capable of enabling the cam-shaped pressing claws (3) to open; the annular locker (6) is sleeved on the periphery of the annular pressing claw base (11), the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8) is sleeved on the cable blowout preventer adapter (10), a hydraulic cylinder (13) is arranged on the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8), a hydraulic cylinder piston rod (13.6) of the hydraulic cylinder (13) is connected with the annular locker (6), the hydraulic cylinder (13) can drive the annular locker (6) to move up and down, the annular locker (6) can enable all the cam-shaped pressing claws (3) to be closed through the movement of the annular locker (6), and after all the cam-shaped pressing claws (3) are closed, the cam-shaped pressing claws (3) can press the limiting surface (1.3) of the blowout preventer adapter to enable the blowout preventer adapter (1) to be tightly connected with the cable blowout preventer adapter (10);
the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) is hook-shaped, and one end of the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) is hinged with the annular pressing claw base (11); the other end of the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) faces the axis of the annular pressing claw base (11), and the part of the end of the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) which is contacted with the lubricator adapter limiting surface (1.3) is set as a cam-shaped pressing claw pressing curved surface (3.1); the part of the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) contacted with the annular locker (6) is set as a cam-shaped pressing claw pressure-bearing curved surface (3.2);
after all the cam-shaped pressing claws (3) are folded, the bearing curved surfaces (3.2) of the cam-shaped pressing claws are parallel to the axis of the annular locker (6);
the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) is connected with the annular pressing claw base (11) through a shaft (5) to form a hinged structure, the shaft (5) is installed at a gap on the annular pressing claw base (11) for the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) to move, one end of the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) is sleeved on the shaft (5), and a spring (4) capable of enabling the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) to be opened is sleeved on the shaft (5);
the part of the annular locker (6) which is contacted with the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) is provided with an annular locker pressing curved surface (6.1);
the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8) is of a cylindrical structure, flange plates are arranged at two ends of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8), the hydraulic cylinder (13) is arranged outside the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8) and located between the flanges at two ends of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8), the cylinder body part of the hydraulic cylinder (13) is fixedly connected with the flanges, a hydraulic cylinder piston rod (13.6) of the hydraulic cylinder (13) penetrates through the flange at the upper end of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8), and the annular locker (6) is located at the upper part of the flange at the upper end of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8); the periphery of the hydraulic cylinder (13) is covered with a protective shell (9) in the circumferential direction of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8), the upper end and the lower end of the protective shell (9) are fixedly connected with flanges at the two ends of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8) respectively, and through holes are formed in the protective shell (9) at positions opposite to the inlet and the outlet of the hydraulic cylinder (13).
2. The rapid-reloading blowout prevention device for the perforation wellhead as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the part, inserted into the cable blowout preventer adapter (10), of the blowout preventer adapter (1) is a blowout preventer adapter sealing surface (1.4), a sealing ring is nested on the blowout preventer adapter sealing surface (1.4), the upper surface of the blowout preventer adapter limiting surface (1.3) is a blowout preventer adapter bearing curved surface (1.5), and the end of the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) can be downwards buckled and pressed on the blowout preventer adapter bearing curved surface (1.5).
3. The perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout prevention device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cable blowout preventer adapter (10) is of a cylindrical structure, a stepped hole for inserting the blowout preventer adapter (1) is formed in the upper end of the cable blowout preventer adapter (10), and after the blowout preventer adapter (1) is inserted into the cable blowout preventer adapter (10), the upper end face of the cable blowout preventer adapter (10) abuts against the lower side face of the limiting face (1.3) of the blowout preventer adapter; a flange used for limiting the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8) is arranged at the lower end of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8) on the cable blowout preventer adapter (10); the lower end of the cable blowout preventer adapter (10) is provided with a flange which can be connected with external equipment.
4. The perforating wellhead rapid reloading blowout prevention device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the upper end of the cable blowout preventer adapter (10) is in threaded connection with the lower end of the annular pressure claw base (11), the upper end of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8) is sleeved outside the annular pressure claw base (11) and in threaded connection with the annular pressure claw base (11), and the lower end of the annular hydraulic cylinder bin (8) is in threaded connection with the cable blowout preventer adapter (10).
5. The control method for the rapid replacement and installation of the blowout preventer of the perforation wellhead as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized by comprising the following processes:
installing the perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout preventer on a cable blowout preventer;
connecting a blowout preventer adapter (1) to the lowest end of the blowout preventer, and loading a clustering bridge shooting operation perforation downhole pipe string into the blowout preventer;
hoisting the blowout preventing pipe to the position right above the perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout preventing device, and aligning the blowout preventing pipe adapter (1) with the horn-shaped guider (2);
lowering the lubricator, and inserting the lubricator adapter (1) into the cable blowout preventer adapter (10) through the guide of the horn-shaped guide (2) to enable the lubricator adapter (1) to be inserted in place in the cable blowout preventer adapter (10);
the annular locker (6) is driven to move upwards through the hydraulic cylinder (13), the annular locker (6) pushes the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) to push the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) to rotate towards the central axis of the annular pressing claw base (11) until the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) presses the limiting surface (1.3) of the lubricator adapter down, so that the lubricator adapter (1) is tightly connected with the cable blowout preventer adapter (10), and the hydraulic cylinder (13) is used for maintaining pressure; the complete blowout preventer is connected with the perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout preventer;
after the blowout preventer is connected with the perforation wellhead quick reloading blowout preventer, the well pipe string is lowered to a preset position through clustering bridge shooting operation, and the well pipe string is lifted up to the blowout preventer after perforation; the annular locker (6) is driven to move downwards by the hydraulic cylinder (13), the annular locker (6) is separated from the cam-shaped pressing claw (3), the cam-shaped pressing claw (3) is dispersed under the action of the elastic element and releases the limiting surface (1.3) of the lubricator adapter,
and (4) lifting the blowout preventer, driving the blowout preventer adapter (1) to be separated from the cable blowout preventer adapter (10), and completing the disassembly of the blowout preventer when the blowout preventer and the perforation wellhead are quickly replaced.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110004882.9A CN112814607B (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2021-01-04 | Perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout prevention equipment and control method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110004882.9A CN112814607B (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2021-01-04 | Perforation wellhead rapid reloading blowout prevention equipment and control method thereof |
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| CN112814607A CN112814607A (en) | 2021-05-18 |
| CN112814607B true CN112814607B (en) | 2022-12-02 |
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Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5080174A (en) * | 1991-01-14 | 1992-01-14 | Cooper Industries, Inc. | Hydraulic packoff and casing hanger installation tool |
| CN2929161Y (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2007-08-01 | 辽河石油勘探局 | Novel hydraulic perforation blowout preventor |
| CN201753593U (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2011-03-02 | 杨桂青 | Outer hanged type hydraulic control box of blowout preventer |
| CN205895198U (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-18 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Hydraulic pressure impels detachable annular space well logging blowout preventer |
| CN109779548B (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2024-03-29 | 宝鸡赛孚石油机械股份有限公司 | Remote wellhead connection and operation method for wellhead remote plug connector and blowout preventer |
| CN210264563U (en) * | 2019-07-27 | 2020-04-07 | 宝鸡市赛孚石油机械有限公司 | Jaw type wellhead remote plug-pull connector |
| CN211692371U (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-10-16 | 宝鸡市赛孚石油机械有限公司 | Integral hydraulic cylinder clamping jaw type wellhead remote plugging connector |
| CN211623370U (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-10-02 | 宝鸡市赛孚石油机械有限公司 | Synchronous linkage clamping jaw type wellhead remote plug-pull connector |
| CN111140194A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-05-12 | 西南石油大学 | A quick reloading device for well head preventer |
| CN112031693A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-04 | 中油国家油气钻井装备工程技术研究中心有限公司 | Hydraulic pushing wellhead connecting device |
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