CN112812751A - Heat storage material for propane dehydrogenation propylene preparation process and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat storage material for propane dehydrogenation propylene preparation process and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat storage material for a process for preparing propylene by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane and a preparation method thereof, wherein the heat storage material is a load type composite metal oxide xMaObThe carrier is characterized in that M is one or more of Ba, Mg, Mn, Zr, Ca, Ce, Bi, Cu, Co, Mo, Fe, Ni, Na, Nb and Sb, a is 1-3, b is 1-3, and x is the loading amount of the composite metal oxide, and the value of x is 10-30 wt%. The synthesized heat storage material and the catalyst are mixed and used in the reaction process of preparing propylene by propane catalytic dehydrogenation, the selectivity can be improved under the condition of ensuring the conversion rate of the catalyst to be unchanged, and heat is released in a reduction stage and an air regeneration stage, so that the temperature distribution of a bed layer is more uniform, the service life of the catalyst is expected to be prolonged in industrial application, the inlet temperature of regenerated air or the flow of the regenerated air is reduced, and a device is reducedAnd (4) energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention aims at a propane catalytic dehydrogenation process, relates to a high-performance heat storage material for improving the temperature distribution of a catalyst bed layer of a fixed bed reactor and improving the product yield and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of chemical industry.
Background
Propylene is an important petrochemical basic raw material second only to ethylene, and is widely used for producing polypropylene, butanol and octanol, acrylonitrile, propylene oxide, epichlorohydrin, acetone, acrylic acid and the like. At present, propylene mainly comes from ethylene co-production and catalytic cracking, in recent years, the development speed of propylene in China gradually exceeds that of ethylene, in 2017, the annual average growth rate of the equivalent demand of propylene in China reaches 7.6 percent, and the growth rate of the production capacity of propylene is exceeded. In view of equivalent demand, the contradiction between supply and demand of propylene is increasingly prominent, so that the production process prospect of PDH (PDH) propylene from which propylene is derived is very wide in recent years.
During the Catofin propane dehydrogenation process, the reaction proceeds at active sites on the catalyst surface, accompanied by a strongly endothermic process. Because of the reasons of bed pressure drop difference caused by inconsistent filling of the fixed bed catalyst or material bias flow caused by incomplete symmetrical arrangement of process piping and the like, the temperature distribution and temperature drop of the fixed bed layer can not be very uniform generally, and the service life of the catalyst and the yield of propylene products are seriously influenced. In order to improve the temperature distribution of a catalyst bed layer of a fixed bed reactor and improve the product yield, a metal oxide heat storage material is developed, and the metal oxide heat storage material is mixed into a catalyst according to the characteristics of propane dehydrogenation reaction, so that the selectivity can be improved under the condition of ensuring the conversion rate to be unchanged, the temperature distribution of the bed layer can be more uniform, the service life of the catalyst is prolonged, the inlet temperature of regenerated air or the flow of the regenerated air is reduced, and the energy consumption of a device is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The heat storage material is mixed with a catalyst and applied to the reaction of preparing propylene by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane, the selectivity can be improved under the condition of ensuring that the conversion rate is unchanged, more heat is released in the reduction stage and the air regeneration stage of the reaction, and therefore, the balanced distribution of heat in industrial application according to actual requirements is ensured, the inlet temperature of regenerated air or the flow of the regenerated air is reduced, and the energy consumption of a device is reduced.
A heat storage material for a process for preparing propylene by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane is a load-type composite metal oxide xMaObA carrier heat storage material (load type heat storage material), wherein M is one or more of Ba, Mg, Mn, Zr, Ca, Ce, Bi, Cu, Co, Mo, Fe, Ni, Na, Nb and Sb, a is 1-3, b is 1-3, and x is the loading amount of the composite metal oxide, and the value is 10-30 wt%;
based on the above technical scheme, preferably, the carrier is SiO2、Al2O3One of active carbon, silicon-aluminum molecular sieve, silicon carbide or diatomite.
Based on the above technical scheme, preferably, the precursor material of the metal oxide is a corresponding soluble metal nitrate, chloride, oxalate, oxychloride, acetate, citrate or metal ammonia acid salt.
Based on the technical scheme, preferably, the shape of the load heat storage material is one of columnar, spherical or flaky.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the heat storage material for the process of preparing propylene by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of supported composite metal oxide xM by impregnation methodaObCarrier heat storage material (load type heat storage material);
(2) carrying out the step (1) to obtain a supported composite metal oxide xMaObThe carrier heat storage material is roasted for 3 to 10 hours at 500 to 1000 ℃ in an air atmosphere.
The invention also provides an application of the heat storage material in a reaction for preparing propylene by directly dehydrogenating propane, wherein the heat storage material is mixed with a catalyst and applied to the reaction for preparing propylene by dehydrogenating propane, and the weight ratio of the catalyst to the heat storage material is (1-6): 1; the reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction pressure is 40-60 kPa, the reaction temperature is 560-620 ℃, and the propane reaction space velocity is 300-400 ml/g-1·h-1(ii) a Preferably, it is reversedThe reaction pressure is 50kPa, the reaction temperature is 580 ℃, and the space velocity of the propane reaction is 320ml g-1·h-1. The specific reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction is 4 processes controlled automatically and sequentially, wherein in the first process, the propane dehydrogenation reaction is carried out for 5-10 min under 40-60 kPa; in the second process, purging with water vapor at 40-60 kPa for 2-5 min; in the third process, air regeneration reaction is carried out for 5-10 min under normal pressure; the fourth process is H under 10-30 kPa2Carrying out reduction treatment reaction for 5-10 min; preferably: the first process, dehydrogenation reaction of propane under 50kPa for 7 min; the second process, purging with 50kPa steam for 2 min; the third process, air regeneration reaction for 6min under normal pressure; fourth Process, H at 20kPa2Reduction treatment reaction for 6 min.
Has the advantages that:
the heat storage material provided by the invention is mixed with a catalyst and then used for the reaction of preparing propylene by directly dehydrogenating propane, and the heat storage material with special composition and structure prepared by the invention has excellent performance in the reaction of preparing propylene by directly dehydrogenating alkane: the selectivity is improved under the condition of ensuring the conversion rate to be unchanged, and more heat is released in the reduction stage and the air regeneration stage of the reaction, so that the dehydrogenation reaction is better distributed in the whole catalyst bed layer and the like, the inlet temperature of the regeneration air or the flow of the regeneration air is hopefully reduced in industrial application, and the energy consumption of the device is reduced.
The method provided by the invention has the advantages of wide applicability, simplicity, lower cost and good repeatability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows different bed temperatures in the reaction of catalytic dehydrogenation of propane to propylene in example 9 with and without heat storage material in comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the invention thereto.
The propylene catalyst obtained by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane in the following examples and comparative examples was a self-made propylene catalyst obtained by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane, and was prepared by referring to chinese patent application No. 202010076239.2.
Example 1
By impregnationPreparation of 20 wt% CuO/SiO2The heat storage material is prepared by weighing a certain amount of copper nitrate according to a chemical formula, dissolving in deionized water, stirring for 25min, and adding into columnar SiO2The solution was evaporated to dryness at 80 ℃ with stirring in the vehicle and the material obtained was oven dried overnight in an oven at 100 ℃. And roasting the dried heat storage material in a muffle furnace at 600 ℃ for 3 hours.
Example 2
The 10 wt% CuO/SiO is prepared by adopting an immersion method2The heat storage material is prepared by weighing a certain amount of copper nitrate according to a chemical formula, dissolving in deionized water, stirring for 25min, and adding into columnar SiO2The solution was evaporated to dryness at 80 ℃ with stirring in the vehicle and the material obtained was oven dried overnight in an oven at 100 ℃. And roasting the dried heat storage material in a muffle furnace for 3 hours at 1000 ℃.
Example 3
Preparing 10 wt% Co by adopting an immersion method3O4/Al2O3The heat storage material is prepared by weighing a certain amount of cobalt nitrate according to a chemical formula, dissolving the cobalt nitrate in deionized water, stirring for 25min, and adding the cobalt nitrate into columnar Al2O3The solution was evaporated to dryness at 80 ℃ with stirring in the vehicle and the material obtained was oven dried overnight in an oven at 100 ℃. And roasting the dried heat storage material in a muffle furnace for 3 hours at 1000 ℃.
Example 4
The 10 wt% CeO is prepared by adopting an impregnation method2/Al2O3The heat storage material is prepared by weighing a certain amount of cerous nitrate according to a chemical formula, dissolving in deionized water, stirring for 25min, and adding into columnar Al2O3The solution was evaporated to dryness at 80 ℃ with stirring in the vehicle and the material obtained was oven dried overnight in an oven at 100 ℃. And roasting the dried heat storage material in a muffle furnace for 3 hours at 1000 ℃.
Example 5
Preparation of 10 wt% ZrO by impregnation2/Al2O3The heat storage material is prepared by weighing a certain amount of zirconium nitrate according to a chemical formula, dissolving in deionized water, stirring for 25min, and adding into columnar Al2O3Adding into carrier, stirring, evaporating the solution at 80 deg.C to drynessThe obtained material was dried in an oven at 100 ℃ overnight. And roasting the dried heat storage material in a muffle furnace for 3 hours at 1000 ℃.
Example 6
Preparation of 10 wt% MoO by impregnation3/Al2O3The heat storage material is prepared by weighing a certain amount of ammonium molybdate according to a chemical formula, dissolving the ammonium molybdate in deionized water, stirring for 25min, and adding the ammonium molybdate into columnar Al2O3The solution was evaporated to dryness at 80 ℃ with stirring in the vehicle and the material obtained was oven dried overnight in an oven at 100 ℃. And roasting the dried heat storage material in a muffle furnace for 3 hours at 1000 ℃.
Example 7
The impregnation method is adopted to prepare 10 wt% CuO +10 wt% CaO/Al2O3A heat storage material, wherein Cu in the chemical formula: weighing a certain amount of copper nitrate and calcium nitrate according to the Ca atomic ratio, mixing, dissolving in deionized water, stirring for 25min, and adding into columnar Al2O3The solution was evaporated to dryness at 80 ℃ with stirring in the vehicle and the material obtained was oven dried overnight in an oven at 100 ℃. And roasting the dried heat storage material in a muffle furnace for 3 hours at 1000 ℃.
Example 8
The two-step dipping method is adopted to prepare 10 wt% CuO/10 wt% MgO/Al2O3A heat storage material, wherein Cu in the chemical formula: weighing a certain amount of magnesium nitrate according to the Mg atomic ratio, dissolving the magnesium nitrate in deionized water, stirring for 25min, and adding the mixture into columnar Al2O3The solution was evaporated to dryness at 80 ℃ with stirring in the vehicle and the material obtained was oven dried overnight in an oven at 100 ℃. Drying the 10 wt% MgO/Al2O3The heat storage material was fired in a muffle furnace at 1000 ℃ for 3 hours. Then, weighing a certain amount of copper nitrate according to the chemical formula, dissolving the copper nitrate into deionized water, stirring for 25min, and adding the mixture into the roasted 10 wt% MgO/Al2O3The solution was evaporated to dryness at 80 ℃ with stirring in the heat storage material, and the final material was oven dried overnight in an oven at 100 ℃. And roasting the dried heat storage material in a muffle furnace for 3 hours at 1000 ℃.
Example 9
Preparing 10 wt% by adopting a two-step impregnation methodCuO/10wt％Na2O/SiO2A heat storage material, wherein Cu in the chemical formula: weighing a certain amount of sodium nitrate according to the Na atomic ratio, dissolving the sodium nitrate in deionized water, stirring the solution for 25min, and adding the solution into columnar SiO2The solution was evaporated to dryness at 80 ℃ with stirring in the vehicle and the material obtained was dried in an oven at 100 ℃ overnight. Drying the 10 wt% Na2O/SiO2The heat storage material was fired in a muffle furnace at 800 ℃ for 3 hours. Then, weighing a certain amount of cupric nitrate according to the chemical formula, dissolving the cupric nitrate into deionized water, stirring for 25min, and adding the calcined 10 wt% of Na2O/SiO2The solution was evaporated to dryness at 80 ℃ with stirring in the heat storage material, and the final material was oven dried overnight in an oven at 100 ℃. And roasting the dried heat storage material in a muffle furnace for 3 hours at 1000 ℃.
Example 10
The heat storage materials with different compositions and loads prepared in the embodiments 1-9 are respectively mixed with a catalyst for preparing propylene by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane and used for the reaction of preparing propylene by direct dehydrogenation of propane. Weighing 10g of forming catalyst, mixing with 3.8g of heat storage material, wherein the reaction raw material gas is pure propane, the reaction pressure is 50kPa, the reaction temperature is 565 ℃, and the reaction space velocity is 320 ml/g-1·h-1The reaction is 4 processes which are automatically controlled in sequence, wherein in the first process, the propane dehydrogenation reaction is carried out for 7min under 50 kPa; the second process, purging with 50kPa steam for 2 min; the third process, air regeneration reaction for 6min under normal pressure; fourth Process, H at 20kPa2Reduction treatment reaction for 6 min. The reaction results are shown in table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, the addition of certain heat storage materials can increase the selectivity while maintaining the conversion substantially constant, and release more heat during the reduction and air regeneration phases of the reaction.
Example 11
The heat storage material prepared in example 9 was mixed with a propane catalytic dehydrogenation propylene preparation catalyst and used for different bed temperature tests of propane dehydrogenation propylene preparation, and the results are shown in fig. 1. The test process is as follows: 10g of the shaped catalyst was weighed and mixed with 5g of the heat storage material prepared in example 9, the reaction feed gas was pure propane, the reaction pressure was 50kPa, the reaction temperature was 580 ℃ and the reaction space velocity was 320ml g-1·h-1The reaction is 4 processes which are automatically controlled in sequence, wherein in the first process, the propane dehydrogenation reaction is carried out for 7min under 50 kPa; the second process, purging with 50kPa steam for 2 min; the third process, air regeneration reaction for 6min under normal pressure; fourth Process, H at 20kPa2Reduction treatment reaction for 6 min. It is obvious from fig. 1 that the temperature change range of the catalyst bed is obviously optimized after the heat storage material is added, and the temperatures at the upper part and the lower part of the catalyst bed are basically consistent, which shows that the addition of the heat storage material enables the dehydrogenation reaction to be better distributed in the whole catalyst bed and the like, and can avoid the adverse effects of the excessive temperature drop of the bed in the industrial application process on the service life and the stability of the catalyst.
Comparative example 1
The heat storage material is not added in the reaction of preparing the propylene by propane dehydrogenation: the performance test of the catalyst for preparing propylene by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane at 550-630 ℃ is carried out only, and the results are shown in figure 1 and table 1. The test process is as follows: weighing 10g of formed catalyst, wherein the reaction raw material gas is pure propane, the reaction pressure is 50kPa, the reaction temperature is 580 ℃, and the reaction space velocity is 320 ml/g-1·h-1The reaction is 4 processes which are automatically controlled in sequence, wherein in the first process, the propane dehydrogenation reaction is carried out for 7min under 50 kPa; the second process, purging with 50kPa steam for 2 min; the third process, air regeneration reaction for 6min under normal pressure; fourth Process, H at 20kPa2Reduction treatment reaction for 6 min. As can be seen from fig. 1, it is clear that without the addition of heat storage material, the top bed temperature is highest, the middle temperature is second, and the bottom bed temperature is lowest after regeneration is complete, resulting in the majority of the dehydrogenation reactions being completed in the upper and middle portions of the bed.
TABLE 1 addition of different heat storage materials temperature difference and dehydrogenation performance during reduction and regeneration stages
Claims (9)
1. A heat storage material for a process for preparing propylene by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane is characterized in that: the heat storage material is xMaObThe carrier-supported material comprises one or more of Ba, Mg, Mn, Zr, Ca, Ce, Bi, Cu, Co, Mo, Fe, Ni, Na, Nb and Sb, wherein a is 1-3, b is 1-3, and the loading amount x of the composite metal oxide is 10-30 wt%.
2. The heat storage material for the process of preparing propylene by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane according to claim 1, wherein: the carrier is SiO2、Al2O3One of active carbon, silicon-aluminum molecular sieve, silicon carbide and diatomite.
3. The heat storage material for the process of preparing propylene by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane according to claim 1, wherein: the precursor material of the metal oxide is soluble metal nitrate, chloride, oxalate, oxychloride, acetate, citrate or metal acid ammonia salt.
4. The heat storage material for the process of preparing propylene by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane according to claim 1, wherein: the heat storage material is in one of a columnar shape, a spherical shape or a sheet shape.
5. A preparation method of the heat storage material for the process of preparing the propylene by the catalytic dehydrogenation of the propane according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: (1) preparation of xM by impregnation or coprecipitationaObA carrier-supported heat storage material;
(2) mixing the xM prepared in the step (1)aObThe carrier-supported heat storage material is baked for 3 to 10 hours at 500 to 1000 ℃ in an air atmosphere.
6. Use of a heat storage material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the direct dehydrogenation of propane to propene.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: the heat storage material is mixed with a catalyst for preparing propylene by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane, and the weight ratio of the catalyst to the heat storage material is (1-6): 1.
8. use according to claim 7, characterized in that: the reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction pressure is 40-60 kPa, the reaction temperature is 560-620 ℃, and the propane reaction space velocity is 300-400 ml/g-1·h-1。
9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that: the specific reaction comprises 4 processes: in the first process, carrying out propane dehydrogenation reaction for 5-10 min under 40-60 kPa; in the second process, purging with water vapor at 40-60 kPa for 2-5 min; in the third process, air regeneration reaction is carried out for 5-10 min under normal pressure; the fourth process is H under 10-30 kPa2And carrying out reduction treatment reaction for 5-10 min.
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| CN113736432A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-03 | 浙江大学 | Metal oxide heat storage material, metal oxide heat storage unit and preparation method |
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