CN112809027B - Low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for machine tool - Google Patents
Low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN112809027B CN112809027B CN202110047169.2A CN202110047169A CN112809027B CN 112809027 B CN112809027 B CN 112809027B CN 202110047169 A CN202110047169 A CN 202110047169A CN 112809027 B CN112809027 B CN 112809027B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/12—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for securing to a spindle in general
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for a machine tool, which comprises a shell, an electric spindle body, a cutter clamping mechanism, a cutter and a vibration compensation mechanism, wherein the cutter clamping mechanism and the vibration compensation mechanism are arranged in the shell, the cutter clamping mechanism is connected with one end of the electric spindle body, the action end of the cutter penetrates through the shell and extends outwards, the other end of the cutter is assembled with the electric spindle body through the cutter clamping mechanism, the vibration compensation mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the electric spindle body, and the vibration compensation mechanism is positioned above the cutter clamping mechanism. The invention is suitable for cutter handles with different sizes, shapes and the like, plays a role in clamping the cutter, can also convert heat energy generated in the machining process of the main shaft into mechanical energy for clamping the cutter, and improves the stability of the cutter; in addition, the vibration compensation mechanism is arranged, so that the conditions of deflection vibration, over vibration and the like of the electric spindle can be monitored simultaneously, a response is made in real time, the consumption of the tool is reduced, and the service life of the electric spindle is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for a machine tool.
Background
The electric main shaft is a new technology for integrating a machine tool main shaft and a main shaft motor into a whole structure, and is suitable for drilling, milling, hole machining and the like of materials such as nonferrous metals, ferrous metals, ceramics and the like. The main shaft is in a high-speed running state in the machining process, the vibration frequency is too high, the stability of clamping the cutter is not facilitated, the loss of the cutter is increased, and the machining precision is influenced; if the phenomena of deflection, over-vibration and the like occur, the service life of the electric spindle is seriously influenced, and meanwhile, the processing quality is greatly reduced.
The invention provides a low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for a machine tool, which is adapted to tool shanks of different sizes, shapes and the like, plays a role in clamping a tool, can convert heat energy generated in the machining process of the spindle into mechanical energy for clamping the tool, and improves the stability of the tool; in addition, the vibration compensation mechanism is arranged, and meanwhile, the conditions of deflection vibration, over vibration and the like of the electric spindle can be monitored, so that a response is made in real time, the consumption of the tool is reduced, and the service life of the electric spindle is prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for a machine tool, which solves the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for machine tool is composed of casing, electric spindle body, tool clamping mechanism, tool and vibration compensating mechanism. The cutter clamping mechanism and the vibration compensation mechanism are arranged inside the shell, and the cutter clamping mechanism is connected with one end of the electric spindle body. The purpose that cutter fixture set up lies in: the tool holder is adaptive to tool holders with different sizes, shapes and the like, and plays a role in clamping the tool; secondly, the tool is loosened and clamped to realize the replacement of the tool; thirdly, heat energy generated in the machining process of the electric spindle body is converted into mechanical energy for further clamping the cutter, and the stability of the cutter is improved. The action end of the cutter penetrates through the shell and extends outwards, and the other end of the cutter is assembled with the electric spindle body through the cutter clamping mechanism. The vibration compensation mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the electric spindle body and is positioned above the cutter clamping mechanism. The purpose that the vibrations compensation mechanism set up lies in: firstly, in the normal processing process, the vibration of the electric spindle body is compensated, and the service life of the electric spindle body is prolonged; and secondly, whether the electric spindle body has the conditions of deflection and over-vibration can be monitored in real time, and adjustment can be made in time, so that the consumption of the cutter is reduced.
Further, cutter fixture includes the pine and presss from both sides the subassembly, and the pine presss from both sides the subassembly and includes pine clamp subassembly body, displacement cavity, cutter adaptation cavity, screens cavity, logical oil pipe way and extension spring. The cutter adaptation chamber is arranged to adapt to cutter handles of different sizes, shapes and the like, and plays a role in clamping the cutter; the clamping cavity is arranged to realize the clamping and loosening action on the cutter by utilizing the elasticity characteristic of the clamping cavity, so that the cutter is replaced; the displacement chamber is arranged to convert heat energy generated in the machining process of the electric spindle body into mechanical energy for further clamping the cutter, so that the stability of the cutter is improved. The displacement chamber, the clamping chamber and the cutter adapting chamber are sequentially combined from top to bottom to form a loose clamp assembly body. The oil through channels are uniformly distributed on the outer side wall of the clamping cavity, one end of each oil through channel is communicated with the displacement cavity, and the other end of each oil through channel is communicated with the cutter adaptation cavity. The oil duct serves to connect the chambers. The extension spring is arranged in the horizontal direction, and two ends of the extension spring are respectively connected with the inner side wall of the clamping cavity. The purpose of the tension spring arrangement is: firstly, in the machining process, the loose clamp assembly body is taken as a whole, so that the loose clamp assembly body is ensured to be integrally attached to the shell, and external dust is prevented from entering the shell and damaging the electric spindle body; secondly, endow certain elasticity characteristic to the screens cavity to reach the pine of cutter and press from both sides the purpose, be convenient for the change of cutter. The end of the cutter far away from the action end is assembled inside the cutter adapting cavity.
Further, the displacement chamber includes a thermally conductive plate and a movable plate. The heat-conducting plate is located the top of pine clamp subassembly body, plays heat-conducting effect, and the heat conduction that produces in the electricity main shaft body course of working is inside to the displacement cavity for the inside air expansion of displacement cavity does work, realizes the effect. The movable plate is arranged in the displacement chamber in the horizontal direction and attached to the side wall of the displacement chamber, the purpose of arrangement is to complete energy conversion, and provide mechanical energy power for further clamping the cutter, so that the stability of the cutter is improved, and the processing efficiency is ensured.
Further, the cutter adaptation chamber comprises a T-shaped block, a connecting piece and a supporting plate. The inner circle side wall of the cutter adaptation cavity is evenly provided with lugs in a circumferential mode, and the lugs are communicated with the cutter adaptation cavity. The big one end of T-shaped piece cross-sectional area is located the lug inside and is laminated the inside wall setting of lug, and the little one end of T-shaped piece cross-sectional area passes the lug and deviates from cutter adaptation cavity and outwards extends. The tool holders with different sizes are clamped and fixed by changing the relative positions of the T-shaped blocks in the lugs. The both sides of T-shaped piece are located to the connecting piece symmetry, and the one end of connecting piece links to each other with the backup pad respectively, and the other end of connecting piece links to each other with the one end that the lug was kept away from to the T-shaped piece. The connecting piece utilizes the activity characteristic thereof to complete the deformation function of the supporting plate, so as to be adapted to the cutter handles in different shapes. The supporting plate is arranged at one end, far away from the cutter adaptation cavity, of the protruding block and is arranged parallel to the protruding block, the direct clamping and fixing effect is achieved on the cutter handle, and the deformable characteristic of the supporting plate is utilized to adapt to the cutter handles with different sizes, shapes and the like.
Further, the inside fly leaf of displacement cavity deviates from one side of heat-conducting plate, leads to inside oil pipe way, cutter adaptation cavity inside and the inside one side of keeping away from the backup pad of T-shaped piece of lug all fills has hydraulic oil, the aim at of setting: firstly, the clamping effect on the cutter is realized by utilizing the flow characteristic of hydraulic oil; secondly, the cutter clamping mechanism and the cutter are cooled, and the cutter loss is prevented from being increased.
Further, the backup pad includes first backup pad, second backup pad, elastic spring, telescopic link and deformation spring. First backup pad, second backup pad parallel arrangement, first backup pad, second backup pad are fixed in the both ends of telescopic link homonymy respectively, link to each other with elastic spring between first backup pad and the second backup pad, and the telescopic link sets up with deformation spring symmetry, and the both ends of deformation spring deviate from one side of first backup pad and keep away from the one end fixed connection of first backup pad with the telescopic link respectively. The purpose of setting is that the relative displacement between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate is completed through the shape deformation of the elastic spring, the deformation spring and the telescopic rod, so that the cutter handle is adapted to cutter handles with different sizes, shapes and the like.
Further, first backup pad is the rigidity, and the second backup pad is elasticity, and the aim at that sets up makes second backup pad adaptation and laminating cutter handle of a knife to the clamping action to the cutter is realized.
Further, the vibration compensation mechanism comprises a fixed nut, a movable screw, a compensation chamber and a movable plate. The fixing nuts are symmetrically fixed on the outer side wall of the electric spindle main body, and the range motion is realized by the vibration of the electric spindle main body. The compensation cavity is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the electric spindle main body, the movable plate is arranged in the compensation cavity in the vertical direction and attached to the side wall of the compensation cavity, the movable screw is arranged in the horizontal direction, the movable screw sequentially penetrates through the fixed nut and the movable plate and respectively extends into the compensation cavity, and two ends of the movable screw are respectively rotatably connected with the inner side wall of the compensation cavity. The fixed nut realizes range motion along with the vibration of the electric main shaft body, the movable screw and the fixed nut generate relative displacement to do rotary motion, the movable screw drives the movable plate to generate displacement in the compensation cavity, and in the process, the friction force between the movable screw and the fixed nut, the friction force between the movable plate and the movable screw and the air resistance of the movable plate moving in the compensation cavity are utilized to compensate the vibration of the electric main shaft body.
Further, the middle part of movable plate is equipped with a screw thread section of thick bamboo, and the both ends of removing the screw rod link to each other with the movable plate through a screw thread section of thick bamboo, the aim at of setting: firstly, through the screw thread section of thick bamboo, realize moving the relative displacement between screw rod and the movable plate to reach the purpose to the vibrations compensation of electricity main shaft body.
Furthermore, the vibration compensation mechanism further comprises an over-vibration braking assembly, and the over-vibration braking assembly comprises an electromagnet, a power line and a spring piece. The purpose of the over-shock braking assembly is to: firstly, the vibration compensation of the electric main shaft body is realized by utilizing the magnetic characteristics of the electromagnet; and secondly, whether the electric spindle body has the conditions of deflection and over-vibration is monitored in real time, and adjustment is made in time, so that the electric spindle body and the cutter are prevented from being further damaged. The electromagnet is arranged on one side, far away from the fixed nut, of the movable plate, and after the electromagnet is electrified, the electromagnet and the movable plate repel in the same stage, so that the moving resistance of the movable plate is increased, and the effect of buffering and damping on the electric spindle body is further achieved. The compensation chamber is symmetrically provided with through holes along a horizontal axis, the electromagnet is communicated with the electric spindle main body through a power line, and one end of the power line, far away from the electric spindle main body, penetrates through the through holes and is connected with the electromagnet. The electromagnet is positioned on the circuit of the whole electric spindle, and the electric spindle body plays a role in communicating a power supply. The spring piece is arranged on the inner side wall of the compensation chamber and covers the through hole, and two ends of the electromagnet are respectively in contact with the spring piece. The purpose that the spring leaf set up lies in: firstly, the position of the electromagnet is limited, so that whether the electric spindle body has the conditions of deflection and over-vibration is monitored, and abnormal consumption of a cutter is avoided; and the other is used for realizing the circuit communication function of the electric spindle body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention relates to a low-vibration synchronous built-in electric main shaft for a machine tool,
1. the purpose that cutter fixture set up lies in: the tool holder is adaptive to tool holders with different sizes, shapes and the like, and plays a role in clamping the tool; secondly, the tool is loosened and clamped to realize the replacement of the tool; thirdly, heat energy generated in the machining process of the electric spindle body is converted into mechanical energy for further clamping the cutter, and the stability of the cutter is improved.
2. The purpose that the vibrations compensation mechanism set up lies in: firstly, in the normal processing process, the vibration of the electric spindle body is compensated, and the service life of the electric spindle body is prolonged; and secondly, whether the electric spindle body has the conditions of deflection and over-vibration can be monitored in real time, and adjustment can be made in time, so that the consumption of the cutter is reduced.
3. The vibration compensation mechanism further comprises an over-vibration braking component, and the over-vibration braking component is arranged with the aim that: firstly, the vibration compensation of the electric main shaft body is realized by utilizing the magnetic characteristics of the electromagnet; and secondly, whether the electric spindle body has the conditions of deflection and over-vibration is monitored in real time, and adjustment is made in time, so that the electric spindle body and the cutter are prevented from being further damaged.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for a machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the clamping state of the tool holding mechanism of the low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a relaxed state of a tool clamping mechanism of a low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for a machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a tool adapting chamber of the low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for the machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a first schematic diagram of the operation of the tool adapting chamber of the low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for the machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a second schematic diagram of the operation of the tool adapting chamber of the low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a support plate of the low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for a machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the support plate of the low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration compensation mechanism of a low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for a machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the compensation chamber of the low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for machine tool of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a housing; 2. an electric spindle body; 3. a tool holding mechanism; 4. a cutter; 5. the vibration compensation mechanism 51, the fixed nut 52, the movable screw 53, the compensation chamber 531, the through hole 54, the movable plate 55 and the threaded cylinder; 61. the clamping device comprises a clamping loosening assembly body, 62, a displacement chamber, 621, a heat conducting plate, 622, a movable plate, 63, a cutter adaptation chamber, 631, a bump, 632, a T-shaped block, 633, a connecting piece, 634, a supporting plate, 6341, a first supporting plate, 6342, a second supporting plate, 6343, an elastic spring, 6344, a telescopic rod, 6345, a deformation spring, 64, a clamping chamber, 65, an oil through pipeline, 66 and an extension spring; 71. electromagnet 72, power cord 73, spring leaf.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-10, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a lathe is with synchronous interior concealed electricity main shaft of low vibrations, includes casing 1, electricity main shaft body 2, cutter fixture 3, cutter 4 and vibrations compensation mechanism 5, cutter fixture 3, vibrations compensation mechanism 5 all locate casing 1 inside, cutter fixture 3 links to each other with the one end of electricity main shaft body 2, the effect end of cutter 4 passes casing 1 and outwards extends, and the other end of cutter 4 is assembled with electricity main shaft body 2 mutually by cutter fixture 3, vibrations compensation mechanism 5 locates the outside of electricity main shaft body 2, and vibrations compensation mechanism 5 is located cutter fixture 3 top.
The power supply is connected, the cutter 4 is assembled on the electric spindle body 2 through the cutter clamping mechanism 3, the electric spindle body 2 is driven to rotate at a high speed, and the vibration compensation mechanism 5 synchronously performs compensation on vibration work of the electric spindle body 2; in the machining process, the cutter clamping mechanism 3 can convert heat energy generated by the electric spindle body 2 into mechanical energy for further clamping the cutter 4, so that the stability of the cutter 4 is improved, and the loss of the cutter is reduced;
in particular, when the electric spindle body 2 has a condition of vibration deviation, over-vibration, etc., the vibration compensation mechanism 5 will cut off the power supply, thereby avoiding further damage to the electric spindle body 2 and the tool 4.
The power supply is connected, the loose clamp assembly body 61 is integrally moved downwards, the displacement chamber 62 is deformed, the cutter adaptation chamber 63 is changed into a loose state, and the cutter 4 is placed in the cutter adaptation chamber 63; the loose clamp assembly body 61 is moved upwards integrally, the displacement chamber 62 is restored to a normal state, and the shell 1 extrudes the cutter adaptation chamber 63 to enable the cutter adaptation chamber to be converted into a clamping state, so that the assembly of the cutter 4 is completed; in this process, the extension spring 66 is always kept in a compressed state, so that the clamping chamber 64 is in a compressed state, thereby ensuring that the loose clamp assembly body 61 is integrally attached to the housing 1, and preventing external dust from entering the housing 1 and damaging the electric spindle body 2.
The displacement chamber 62 includes a heat conducting plate 621 and a movable plate 622, the heat conducting plate 621 is located at the top end of the unclamping assembly body 61, the movable plate 622 is disposed in the horizontal direction inside the displacement chamber 62 and attached to the side wall of the displacement chamber 62.
In the assembling process, the loose clamp assembly body 61 is integrally moved downwards, and the movable plate 622 is enabled to generate upward displacement due to the extrusion of the shell 1 on the displacement chamber 62, so that the cutter adapting chamber 63 is enabled to be in a loose state, and the replacement of the cutter 4 is facilitated; in the processing process, the heat conducting plate 621 can conduct the heat generated by the high-speed operation of the electric spindle body 2 to the inside of the displacement chamber 62, so that the air inside the displacement chamber 62 expands to do work, the movable plate 622 generates downward displacement, and mechanical energy for further clamping the cutter 4 is provided for the cutter adaptation chamber 63, thereby improving the stability of the cutter 4 and ensuring the processing efficiency.
The cutter 4 is arranged in the middle of the cutter adapting cavity 63, the relative position of the T-shaped block 632 in the projection 631 is changed, and the connecting piece 633 utilizes the moving characteristic of the T-shaped block to complete the deformation function of the supporting plate 634 so as to adapt to the handles of the cutters 4 with different sizes, shapes and the like, thereby clamping and fixing the cutter 4.
The inside movable plate 622 of displacement chamber 62 deviates from one side of heat-conducting plate 621, inside oil pipe 65, inside cutter adaptation chamber 63 and the inside T-shaped block 632 of lug 631 one side of keeping away from supporting plate 634 all are filled with hydraulic oil, the purpose of setting is that: firstly, the clamping effect on the cutter 4 is realized by utilizing the flow characteristic of hydraulic oil; secondly, the cutter clamping mechanism 3 and the cutter 4 are cooled, and the loss of the cutter 4 is avoided being increased.
The backup pad 634 includes first backup pad 6341, second backup pad 6342, elastic spring 6343, telescopic link 6344 and deformation spring 6345, first backup pad 6341, second backup pad 6342 parallel arrangement, first backup pad 6341, second backup pad 6342 are fixed in the both ends of telescopic link 6344 homonymy respectively, link to each other with elastic spring 6343 between first backup pad 6341 second backup pad 6342, telescopic link 6344 sets up with deformation spring 6345 symmetry, the both ends of deformation spring 6345 deviate from one side of first backup pad 6341 and keep away from the one end fixed connection of first backup pad 6341 with telescopic link 6344 respectively. The purpose of the arrangement is to complete the relative displacement between the first support plate 6341 and the second support plate 6342 through the form deformation of the elastic spring 6343, the deformation spring 6345 and the telescopic rod 6344, so as to adapt to the tool shanks of the tools 4 with different sizes, shapes and the like.
The vibration compensation mechanism 5 comprises a fixed nut 51, a movable screw 52, a compensation chamber 53 and a movable plate 54, wherein the fixed nut 51 is arranged on the outer side wall of the electric spindle body 2 in a symmetrical and fixed mode, the compensation chamber 53 is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the electric spindle body 2, the movable plate 54 is arranged inside the compensation chamber 53 and attached to the side wall of the compensation chamber 53 in a vertical mode, the movable screw 52 is arranged in a horizontal direction, the movable screw 52 sequentially penetrates through the fixed nut 51 and the movable plate 54 to extend into the compensation chamber 53 respectively, and two ends of the movable screw 52 are rotatably connected with the inner side wall of the compensation chamber 53 respectively.
The fixed nut 51 realizes range motion along with the vibration of the electric spindle body 2, the moving screw 52 and the fixed nut 51 generate relative displacement to perform rotary motion, the moving plate 54 and the moving screw 52 generate relative motion to generate displacement inside the compensation chamber 53, and in the process, the friction force between the moving screw 52 and the fixed nut 51, the friction force between the moving plate 54 and the moving screw 52, and the air resistance of the moving plate 54 moving inside the compensation chamber 53 are utilized to perform work compensation on the vibration of the electric spindle body 2.
The middle part of the moving plate 54 is provided with a thread cylinder 55, and two ends of the moving screw 52 are connected with the moving plate 54 through the thread cylinder 55, and the purpose of the arrangement is as follows: firstly, the relative displacement between the moving screw 52 and the moving plate 54 is realized through the threaded cylinder 55, so as to achieve the purpose of vibration compensation of the electric spindle body 2.
The vibration compensation mechanism 5 further comprises a vibration damping component, the vibration damping component comprises an electromagnet 71, a power line 72 and a spring piece 73, the electromagnet 71 is arranged on one side, away from the fixed nut 51, of the moving plate 54, the compensation chamber 53 is symmetrically provided with a through hole 531 in a horizontal axis manner, the electromagnet 71 is communicated with the electric spindle main body 2 through the power line 72, one end, away from the electric spindle main body 2, of the power line 72 penetrates through the through hole 531 to be connected with the electromagnet 71, the spring piece 73 is arranged on the inner side wall of the compensation chamber 53 and covers the through hole 531, and two ends of the electromagnet 71 are in a collision state with the spring piece 73 respectively.
The power line 72 is connected with the spring piece 73 to form a contact piece, the electromagnet 71 and the spring piece 73 are mutually abutted, namely, the circuit is communicated, the electrified electromagnet 71 and the moving plate 54 are in repulsion in the same step, the moving resistance of the moving plate 54 is increased, and the buffering and shock absorption effects on the electric spindle body 2 are further realized; when the electric spindle body 2 has the conditions of deflection and over-vibration, the vibration frequency and range of the electric spindle body 2 are irregularly changed, so that the electromagnet 71 passes through the spring piece 73 to change the position, namely the circuit power supply is disconnected, and the electric spindle body 2 loses the power source, thereby avoiding further damage.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: 1. the power supply is connected, the unclamping assembly body 61 is integrally moved downwards, the movable plate 622 generates upward displacement due to the extrusion of the shell 1 on the displacement chamber 62, hydraulic oil in the projection 631 flows back to the displacement chamber 62 through the oil channel 65, the T-shaped block 632 generates relative displacement in the projection 631, the distance between the supporting plates 634 is increased, and the cutter 4 is placed in the cutter adaptation chamber 63;
the loose clamp assembly body 61 is moved upwards integrally, the displacement chamber 62 is restored to a normal state, the shell 1 extrudes the cutter adaptation chamber 63, so that the distance between the support plates 634 is reduced, the connecting piece 633 utilizes the activity characteristic thereof, the second support plate 6342 utilizes the elasticity characteristic thereof and the shape deformation of the elastic spring 6343, the deformation spring 6345 and the telescopic rod 6344, the relative displacement between the first support plate 6341 and the second support plate 6342 is completed, the cutter 4 handles with different sizes, shapes and the like are adapted, and the assembly of the cutter 4 is completed;
the extension spring 66 is always kept in a compressed state, so that the clamping cavity 64 is in a compressed state, thereby ensuring that the loose clamp assembly body 61 is integrally attached to the shell 1, and avoiding external dust from entering the shell 1 to damage the electric spindle body 2;
2. in the processing process, the electric spindle body 2 is driven to rotate at a high speed, the fixed nut 51 moves within a range along with the vibration of the electric spindle body 2, the movable screw 52 and the fixed nut 51 generate relative displacement to rotate, the movable plate 54 and the movable screw 52 generate relative movement to generate displacement inside the compensation chamber 53, and the compensation function is performed on the vibration of the electric spindle body 2 by using the friction force between the movable screw 52 and the fixed nut 51, the friction force between the movable plate 54 and the movable screw 52 and the air resistance of the movable plate 54 moving inside the compensation chamber 53;
the power line 72 is connected with the spring piece 73 to form a contact piece, the electromagnet 71 and the spring piece 73 are mutually abutted, namely, the circuit is communicated, the electrified electromagnet 71 and the moving plate 54 are in repulsion in the same step, the moving resistance of the moving plate 54 is increased, and the buffering and shock absorption effects on the electric spindle body 2 are further realized;
3. meanwhile, the heat conducting plate 621 conducts heat generated by high-speed operation of the electric spindle body 2 to the inside of the displacement chamber 62, so that air inside the displacement chamber 62 expands to do work, the movable plate 622 generates downward displacement, hydraulic oil inside the displacement chamber 62 enters the inside of the projection 632 through the oil communicating pipeline 65, the T-shaped block 632 generates relative displacement inside the projection 631, the cutter 4 is further clamped, and therefore the stability of the cutter 4 is improved, and the processing efficiency is ensured;
4. when the electric spindle body 2 has the conditions of deflection and over-vibration, the vibration frequency and range of the electric spindle body 2 are irregularly changed, so that the electromagnet 71 passes through the spring piece 73 to change the position, namely the circuit power supply is disconnected, and the electric spindle body 2 loses the power source, thereby avoiding further damage.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a machine tool is with interior concealed electric main shaft of low vibrations in step which characterized in that: the built-in electric spindle comprises a shell (1), an electric spindle body (2), a cutter clamping mechanism (3), a cutter (4) and a vibration compensation mechanism (5), wherein the cutter clamping mechanism (3) and the vibration compensation mechanism (5) are arranged inside the shell (1), the cutter clamping mechanism (3) is connected with one end of the electric spindle body (2), the action end of the cutter (4) penetrates through the shell (1) and extends outwards, the other end of the cutter (4) is assembled with the electric spindle body (2) through the cutter clamping mechanism (3), the vibration compensation mechanism (5) is arranged on the outer side of the electric spindle body (2), and the vibration compensation mechanism (5) is positioned above the cutter clamping mechanism (3);
the tool clamping mechanism (3) comprises a loose clamp assembly, the loose clamp assembly comprises a loose clamp assembly body (61), a displacement chamber (62), a tool adapting chamber (63), a clamping chamber (64), an oil passage (65) and an extension spring (66), the displacement chamber (62), the clamping chamber (64) and the cutter adapting chamber (63) are sequentially combined from top to bottom to form a loose clamp component body (61), the oil passages (65) are uniformly arranged on the outer side wall of the clamping cavity (64), one end of each oil passage (65) is communicated with the displacement cavity (62), the other end of each oil passage (65) is communicated with the cutter adaptation cavity (63), the extension spring (66) is arranged in the horizontal direction, two ends of the extension spring (66) are respectively connected with the inner side wall of the clamping cavity (64), one end of the cutter (4) far away from the action end is assembled in the cutter adapting chamber (63);
the displacement chamber (62) comprises a heat conducting plate (621) and a movable plate (622), the heat conducting plate (621) is located at the top end of the unclamping component body (61), and the movable plate (622) is arranged in the displacement chamber (62) in the horizontal direction and attached to the side wall of the displacement chamber (62);
the tool adapting chamber (63) comprises a T-shaped block (632), a connecting piece (633) and a supporting plate (634), the inner circular side wall of the cutter adaptation chamber (63) is evenly provided with lugs (631) in a circumferential manner, the projection (631) is communicated with the cutter adaptation cavity (63), one end of the T-shaped block (632) with a large cross section area is arranged inside the projection (631) and attached to the inner side wall of the projection (631), one end of the T-shaped block (632) with a small cross section area penetrates through the projection (631) and extends outwards away from the cutter adaptation cavity (63), the connecting pieces (633) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the T-shaped block (632), one end of each connecting piece (633) is respectively connected with the supporting plate (634), the other end of each connecting piece (633) is connected with one end of the T-shaped block (632) far away from the convex block (631), the supporting plate (634) is arranged at one end, far away from the cutter adaptation cavity (63), of the projection (631) and is parallel to the projection (631);
hydraulic oil is filled in one side of the internal movable plate (622) of the displacement chamber (62) departing from the heat conducting plate (621), in the oil through channel (65), in the cutter adapting chamber (63) and in the T-shaped block (632) of the lug (631) and in one side of the T-shaped block (632) of the lug (631) far away from the supporting plate (634);
the supporting plate (634) comprises a first supporting plate (6341), a second supporting plate (6342), an elastic spring (6343), an expansion link (6344) and a deformation spring (6345), the first supporting plate (6341) and the second supporting plate (6342) are arranged in parallel, the first supporting plate (6341) and the second supporting plate (6342) are respectively fixed at two ends of the same side of the expansion link (6344), the first supporting plate (6341) is connected with the second supporting plate (6342) through the elastic spring (6343), the expansion link (6344) is symmetrically arranged through the deformation spring (6345), and two ends of the deformation spring (6345) are respectively fixedly connected with one end, away from the first supporting plate (6341), of the expansion link (6344) and far away from the first supporting plate (6341);
the first support plate (6341) is rigid and the second support plate (6342) is elastic;
the vibration compensation mechanism (5) comprises a fixed nut (51), a movable screw (52), a compensation chamber (53) and a movable plate (54), the fixed nut (51) is symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the electric spindle body (2), the compensation chamber (53) is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the electric spindle body (2), the movable plate (54) is arranged in the compensation chamber (53) in the vertical direction, the two vertical ends of the movable plate are attached to the side wall of the compensation chamber (53), the movable screw (52) is arranged in the horizontal direction, the movable screw (52) sequentially penetrates through the fixed nut (51) and the movable plate (54) and respectively extends into the compensation chamber (53), and the two ends of the movable screw (52) are respectively and rotatably connected with the inner side wall of the compensation chamber (53);
the middle part of the moving plate (54) is provided with a threaded cylinder (55), and two ends of the moving screw (52) are connected with the moving plate (54) through the threaded cylinder (55);
the utility model discloses a vibration compensation mechanism (5) still includes shakes braking component, shake braking component and include electro-magnet (71), power cord (72) and spring leaf (73), movable plate (54) is located in electro-magnet (71) and is kept away from one side of fixation nut (51), compensation cavity (53) are equipped with through-hole (531) with horizontal axis symmetry, be linked together with power cord (72) between electro-magnet (71) and electricity main shaft body (2), the one end that electricity main shaft body (2) were kept away from in power cord (72) is passed through-hole (531) and is met with electro-magnet (71), compensation cavity (53) inside wall is located in spring leaf (73) and is covered in through-hole (531), the both ends of electro-magnet (71) are the conflict state with spring leaf (73) respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110047169.2A CN112809027B (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | Low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for machine tool |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110047169.2A CN112809027B (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | Low-vibration synchronous built-in electric spindle for machine tool |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112809027A CN112809027A (en) | 2021-05-18 |
| CN112809027B true CN112809027B (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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| RU1814971C (en) * | 1991-02-11 | 1993-05-15 | Московский институт приборостроения | High-speed spindle unit |
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| CN205200582U (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-05-04 | 北京金万众机械科技有限公司 | Rigidity tapping handle of a knife with axial compensation function |
| CN107405738A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2017-11-28 | 维也纳技术大学 | Main shaft equipment |
| CN108620948A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-09 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of detection compensation control system for the Aerostatic Spindle |
| CN108747515A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏紫金动力股份有限公司 | A kind of Machining Cylinder Sleeve Bore fixture |
| CN209370285U (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-09-10 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Air-floating main shaft carries compensation device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015105338A1 (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2016-10-27 | Lti Motion Gmbh | Tool drive with spindle shaft and operating method |
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2021
- 2021-01-14 CN CN202110047169.2A patent/CN112809027B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU1814971C (en) * | 1991-02-11 | 1993-05-15 | Московский институт приборостроения | High-speed spindle unit |
| CN107405738A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2017-11-28 | 维也纳技术大学 | Main shaft equipment |
| CN104669017A (en) * | 2015-01-31 | 2015-06-03 | 南通弘峰机电有限公司 | Fixture for planing machines |
| CN205200582U (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-05-04 | 北京金万众机械科技有限公司 | Rigidity tapping handle of a knife with axial compensation function |
| CN108620948A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-09 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of detection compensation control system for the Aerostatic Spindle |
| CN108747515A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏紫金动力股份有限公司 | A kind of Machining Cylinder Sleeve Bore fixture |
| CN209370285U (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-09-10 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Air-floating main shaft carries compensation device |
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| CN112809027A (en) | 2021-05-18 |
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