CN112807036A

CN112807036A - Drag hook for thyroid surgery

Info

Publication number: CN112807036A
Application number: CN202110031714.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘赟; 张轶伟; 许林鑫
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
Priority date: 2021-01-11
Filing date: 2021-01-11
Publication date: 2021-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-11
Also published as: CN112807036B

Abstract

The invention discloses a drag hook for thyroid surgery, which relates to the technical field of medical appliances and comprises a first opening plate, a second opening plate and a widening mechanism, wherein one end of the second opening plate is movably connected with the first opening plate through a connecting component so as to be far away from or close to the first opening plate; widen the mechanism and include manually operation portion, drive assembly and at least one extension subassembly, the extension subassembly slides and sets up between first board and the second board of strutting, and the direction of sliding is for following first board width direction of strutting, manually operation portion passes through drive assembly and connects the extension subassembly slides with the drive extension subassembly, manually operation portion is located the proximal end of first board of strutting, the extension subassembly is located the distal end of first board of strutting. The invention can be used for opening a space larger than an armpit incision at a position close to the thyroid of a patient through the unfolding and widening mechanism, thereby facilitating the operation of a doctor.

Description

Drag hook for thyroid surgery

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical appliances, in particular to a drag hook for thyroid surgery.

Background

Thyroid surgery removes part or all of one side of the patient's thyroid gland, often leaving all or part of the opposite side of the patient's thyroid tissue to maintain the desired physiological function. The traditional method in thyroid operation is to cut a small opening on the neck of a patient to expose the thyroid gland, and then perform the operation, but keloid scars are left on the neck of the patient after the operation, so that the appearance is affected. With the development of medical science and technology, thyroid surgery can be performed by cutting a small opening at the armpit of a patient, inserting the small opening into the neck of the patient through the surgical incision of the patient by using a common draw hook, and then pulling up the epidermal tissue of the patient by using the draw hook, thereby providing a certain operating space for a doctor to perform the thyroid surgery.

If the application publication number is CN108514436B, the granted public number date is 2019, 11 and 19, and the name is inventive patent of "a novel thyroid surgery operation retractor", which comprises a thyroid surgery operation retractor, and comprises a U-shaped retractor and an L-shaped support body, wherein the U-shaped retractor comprises a connecting rod, an upper pull rod and a lower pull rod which are positioned at two ends of the connecting rod, the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod are parallel to each other and are respectively perpendicular to the connecting rod, the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod are both positioned at the front side of the connecting rod, the rear side of the connecting rod is provided with a clamping groove, the L-shaped support body comprises a first support rod and a second support rod which is perpendicularly connected with the lower end of the first support rod, the first support rod is inserted into the clamping groove and can slide up and down relative to the connecting rod, and the second support rod is positioned at the front side of the first support rod and is; the tail ends of the lower pull rod and the second support rod are respectively provided with a soft sleeve. The size of the operation space and the visual field range of the thyroid operation is adjusted when the operation is performed through the incision at the armpit.

Among the prior art, this minimal invasion theory and minimum cause the principle of damage to the patient, armpit department incision can be as little as possible, consequently the passageway that arrives the thyroid gland by the incision must not be too big, because the height that epidermal tissue pulled up is limited, the operation space of formation is also narrower just, the visual field scope and the operating space that the doctor implemented the operation are narrow and small, the doctor implements the thyroid gland operation and has great difficulty degree, current operation drag hook can strut incision and passageway to a certain extent, but near patient's thyroid gland department, owing to observe and the excision operation, need be than the bigger operating space of armpit incision department, and current operation drag hook can't satisfy and strut out the bigger space than armpit incision department near patient's thyroid gland department, make the operation degree of difficulty great.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a drag hook for thyroid surgery, which solves the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a retractor for thyroid surgery, comprising: the device comprises a first opening plate, a second opening plate and a widening mechanism, wherein one end of the second opening plate is movably connected with the first opening plate through a connecting assembly so as to be far away from or close to the first opening plate; widen the mechanism and include manually operation portion, drive assembly and at least one extension subassembly, the extension subassembly slides and sets up between first board and the second board of strutting, and the direction of sliding is for following first board width direction of strutting, manually operation portion passes through drive assembly and connects the extension subassembly expands with the drive extension subassembly slides, manually operation portion is located the proximal end of first board of strutting, the extension subassembly is located the distal end of first board of strutting.

Furthermore, the extension assembly comprises a first sliding plate, a swinging plate and a second sliding plate, the first sliding plate is arranged on the first opening plate in a sliding mode, the swinging plate is hinged to one side of the first opening plate, the second sliding plate is arranged on the swinging plate in a sliding mode, and the second sliding plate is connected with the second opening plate in a sliding mode in a rotating mode.

Further, drive assembly includes slide bar, sliding block and articulated arm, sliding block fixed connection is in the one end of slide bar, at least one in sliding block and the slide bar between them slides along first board length direction and sets up in first board middle part that struts, articulated arm one end is articulated with the sliding block, and the other end is articulated with first slide plate.

Further, the locking mechanism is arranged at the proximal end of the connecting component or the first opening plate to lock and fix the sliding rod and release the sliding rod.

Further, locking mechanism includes thread bush, first screw rod, friction pad, slide bar and elastic unit, thread bush fixed connection is on coupling assembling, slide bar one end is connected with the friction pad, and the other end slides and sets up in the thread bush, friction pad and slide bar friction fit, first screw rod threaded connection is on the thread bush, elastic unit resumes elastic deformation's process drive friction pad and slide bar and removes to the direction of keeping away from the slide bar.

Further, coupling assembling includes U-shaped pole, connecting plate, dead lever and second screw rod, the U-shaped pole includes the first body of rod and connects the second body of rod of two first body of rod tip perpendicularly, the first body of rod and first spreader plate tip fixed connection, the dead lever links firmly with second pull rod tip, connecting plate fixed connection is between two second body of rod open ends, set up threaded hole on the connecting plate, second screw rod and screw hole threaded connection, second screw rod one end is rotated with the dead lever and is connected.

Furthermore, first board length direction both sides of strutting and the one side of keeping away from coupling assembling are provided with a first arc elasticity strip respectively, second board length direction both sides of strutting and the one side of keeping away from coupling assembling are provided with a second arc elasticity strip respectively, and when first board and the second board of strutting fold, the first arc elasticity strip and the second arc elasticity strip of homonymy constitute the semicircle ring-type.

Further, the second sliding plate slides and is connected with the second opening plate in a rotating mode through a connecting piece, the connecting piece comprises a rotating rod and a sliding block which are connected, a second sliding groove is formed in the second opening plate in the width direction, the sliding block is arranged in the second sliding groove in a sliding mode, and one end, far away from the sliding block, of the rotating rod is hinged to the second sliding plate.

Furthermore, the second sliding plate is connected with the second opening plate in a sliding and rotating mode through a connecting piece, the connecting piece wraps the cylindrical rod and the connecting rod, a second sliding groove is formed in the second opening plate in the width direction, the cylindrical rod is arranged in the second sliding groove in a sliding and rotating mode, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the peripheral side face of the cylindrical rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the second sliding plate.

Furthermore, the second opening plate is arc-shaped, and the middle part of the second opening plate in the width direction is arched in the direction far away from the first opening plate.

In the technical scheme, the draw hook for thyroid surgery provided by the invention has the advantages that the second opening plate and the first opening plate are used for opening the channel from the axillary incision to the thyroid, and under the condition that the axillary incision is as small as possible, a space larger than the axillary incision is opened at the position close to the thyroid of a patient through the unfolding and widening mechanism, so that a large operation space is provided for a doctor to observe and cut the thyroid, and the doctor can conveniently perform the operation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a second opening plate and a first opening plate provided in the embodiment of the present invention when they are closed together;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the widening mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention when retracted;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second spreader plate and a first spreader plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the expanding mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram ii of the expanding mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the second sliding plate and the second opening plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a second sliding plate and a second opening plate according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a first spreader plate; 2. a second spreader plate; 3. a widening mechanism; 3.1, an extension component; 3.11, a first sliding plate; 3.12, a swing plate; 3.13, a second sliding plate; 3.2, a transmission component; 3.21, a sliding rod; 3.22, sliding blocks; 3.23, a hinge rod; 3.3, a manual operation part; 4. a locking mechanism; 4.1, thread bush; 4.2, a first screw rod; 4.3, friction pads; 4.4, a sliding rod; 4.5, an elastic unit; 4.6, a first knob; 5. a connecting assembly; 5.1, a U-shaped rod; 5.11, a first rod body; 5.12, a second rod body; 5.2, connecting plates; 5.3, fixing a rod; 5.4, a second screw; 5.5, a second knob; 6. a first arcuate elastic strip; 7. a second arcuate elastic strip; 8. a connecting member; 8.11, rotating the rod; 8.12, a sliding block; 8.21, a cylindrical rod; 8.22, connecting rod; 8.3 and a second chute.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 10, a retractor for thyroid surgery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises a first opening plate 1, a second opening plate 2 and a widening mechanism 3, wherein one end of the second opening plate 2 is movably connected with the first opening plate 1 through a connecting assembly 5 so as to be far away from or close to the first opening plate 1; widen mechanism 3 and include manual operation portion 3.3, transmission assembly 3.2 and at least one extension assembly 3.1, extension assembly 3.1 slides and sets up between first board 1 and the second board 2 that opens up, and the slip direction is along first board 1 width direction that opens up, manual operation portion 3.3 connects extension assembly 3.1 through transmission assembly 3.2 and opens up in order to drive extension assembly 3.1 slip, manual operation portion 3.3 is located the near-end of first board 1 that opens up, extension assembly 3.1 is located the distal end that is located first board 1 that opens up.

Specifically, first board 1, second board 2 that struts is rectangular platelike, relative parallel alignment sets up, coupling assembling 5 is connected first board 1 and second board 2 that struts, and can adjust the interval between first board 1 and the second board 2 that struts and fix the interval, widen mechanism 3 and be located between the distal end of first board 1 and the second board 2 that struts, when second board 2 and first board 1 strut the epidermis tissue of patient and muscle tissue stroke operation passageway, widen mechanism 3 and can further widen the operation passageway that first board 1 distal end closes on thyroid gland department, provide bigger operating space for observing and excising the thyroid gland. Further, widen mechanism 3 and include manual operation portion 3.3, transmission assembly 3.2 and at least one extension subassembly 3.1, manual operation portion 3.3 is located the near-end of first spreader plate 1, drive through manual operation portion 3.3, through transmission assembly 3.2 transmission, make extension subassembly 3.1 further strut patient's epidermis tissue and musculature to first spreader plate 1 width direction, preferentially, extension subassembly 3.1 quantity is two, respectively to the reverse slip setting of first spreader plate 1 width direction, in order to all strut epidermis tissue and musculature of first spreader plate 1 distal end width direction both sides, so that the operation. Wherein, the distal end of the first opening plate 1 is the one end that is close to the thyroid gland, and the near-end of the first opening plate 1 is the one end that is close to the armpit incision.

The transmission assembly 3.2 transmits the drive of the manual operation part 3.3 located at the near end of the first opening plate 1 to the extension assembly 3.1 located at the far end of the first opening plate 1, if the extension assembly 3.1 comprises a first sliding plate 3.11, a wedge block is arranged on the first sliding plate 3.11, a rod piece is connected on the manual operation part 3.3, the other end of the rod piece is wedge-shaped and is in sliding fit with the wedge block, the rod piece slides along the length direction of the first opening plate 1, the wedge surface of the rod piece is extruded to enable the first sliding plate 3.11 to slide and unfold towards one side of the first opening plate 3.11, or a thread is arranged on the rod piece and is in threaded connection with the near end of the first opening plate 1, and the rod piece is rotated by the manual operation part to enable the first sliding plate 3.11 to slide and unfold.

According to the retractor for the thyroid surgery, the second opening plate 2 and the first opening plate 1 are used for opening the channel from the axillary incision to the thyroid, under the condition that the axillary incision is as small as possible, the space larger than the axillary incision is opened at the position close to the thyroid of a patient through the unfolding widening mechanism 3, a large operation space is provided for a doctor to observe and cut the thyroid, and the operation of the doctor is facilitated.

As a preferable technical solution of this embodiment, the extension assembly 3.1 includes a first sliding plate 3.11, a swinging plate 3.12, and a second sliding plate 3.13, the first sliding plate 3.11 is slidably disposed on the first opening plate 1, specifically, a first sliding slot is disposed on the first opening plate 1 along the width direction, a first sliding block 8.12 slidably engaged with the first sliding slot is disposed on the first sliding plate 3.11, the swinging plate 3.12 is hinged to one side of the first opening plate 1, that is, one side of the swinging plate 3.12 is hinged to one side of the first opening plate 1 away from the sliding assembly, the second sliding plate 3.13 is slidably disposed on the swinging plate 3.12, specifically, a groove is disposed on one side of the swinging plate 3.12 away from the side hinged to the first sliding plate 3.11, the second sliding plate 3.13 is slidably disposed in the groove and can slide outward of the groove, and the second sliding plate 3.13 is slidably and rotatably connected to the second opening plate 2.

As a further preferable technical solution in this embodiment, the transmission assembly 3.2 includes a sliding rod 3.21, a sliding block 3.22 and a hinge rod 3.23, the sliding block 3.22 is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod 3.21, the sliding rod 3.21 is parallel to the length direction of the first opening plate 1, at least one of the sliding block 3.22 and the sliding rod 3.21 is slidably disposed in the middle of the first opening plate 1 along the length direction of the first opening plate 1, that is, the sliding block 3.22 is slidably connected to the first opening plate 1 or the sliding rod 3.21 is slidably connected to the first opening plate 1, or both the sliding block 3.22 and the sliding rod 3.21 are slidably connected to the first opening plate 1, one end of the hinge rod 3.23 is hinged to the sliding block 3.22, and the other end is hinged to the first sliding plate 3.11.

Further, after the first opening plate 1 and the second opening plate 2 are opened, the swing rod is driven by the second opening plate 2 to rotate relative to the first sliding plate 3.11, and the second sliding plate 3.13 can also slide out of a part of the groove; the manual operation portion 3.3 includes the handle, set up in the one end that sliding rod 3.21 kept away from sliding block 3.22, remove sliding rod 3.21 along 1 length direction of first board that struts through the handle, sliding rod 3.21 makes first sliding plate 3.11 slide along first spout on first board 1 that struts through sliding block 3.22 and articulated arm 3.23, first sliding plate 3.11 will also drive second sliding plate 3.13 through swing board 3.12 and slide to the outside on second board 2 that struts, and then strut the epidermis and the musculature of first board 1 distal end side, thereby increase the space that the operable passageway is close to thyroid gland department.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further includes a locking structure, wherein the locking mechanism 4 is disposed at the proximal end of the connecting assembly 5 or the first spreader plate 1 to lock and fix the sliding rod 3.21, and to release the sliding rod 3.21, that is, the locking mechanism 4 is disposed at the connecting assembly 5 to lock or release the sliding rod 3.21, or the locking mechanism 4 is disposed at the proximal end of the first spreader plate 1 to lock or release the sliding rod 3.21, so as to adjust the retraction or deployment degree of the widening mechanism 3.

As a preferred technical scheme of this embodiment, the locking mechanism 4 includes a threaded sleeve 4.1, a first screw rod 4.2, a friction pad 4.3, a sliding rod 4.4 and an elastic unit 4.5, the threaded sleeve 4.1 is fixedly connected to the connecting assembly 5, one end of the sliding rod 4.4 is connected to the friction pad 4.3, the other end is slidably disposed in the threaded sleeve 4.1, the friction pad 4.3 is in an arc shape adapted to the circumferential side surface of the sliding rod 3.21, the friction pad 4.3 is in friction fit with the sliding rod 3.21, the first screw rod 4.2 is in threaded connection with the threaded sleeve 4.1, and the elastic unit 4.5 drives the friction pad 4.3 and the sliding rod 4.4 to move in a direction away from the sliding rod 3.21 in the process of recovering elastic deformation; the elastic unit 4.5 is preferably a tension spring, the tension spring is sleeved on the sliding rod 4.4, one end of the tension spring is connected with the friction pad 4.3, and the other end of the tension spring is connected with the threaded sleeve 4.1; furthermore, one end of the first screw rod 4.2, which is far away from the threaded sleeve 4.1, is fixedly connected with a first knob 4.6, the first knob 4.6 is used for conveniently rotating the first screw rod 4.2, the first screw rod 4.2 is driven to rotate through the first knob 4.6, the first screw rod 4.2 moves towards the direction close to the sliding rod 4.4 through the threaded action of the first screw rod 4.2 and the threaded sleeve 4.1, the end part, which is far away from the first knob 4.6, of the first screw rod 4.2 is abutted against the end part of the sliding rod 4.4 to drive the sliding rod 4.4 to move, the sliding rod 4.4 enables the friction pad 4.3 to extrude towards the sliding rod 3.21, the sliding rod 3.21 is locked through the resistance between the friction pad 4.3 and the sliding rod 3.21, and at the moment, the tension spring is elongated to further generate elastic; the first screw rod 4.2 is reversely rotated through the first knob 4.6, the first screw rod 4.2 moves towards the direction far away from the sliding rod 4.4, the end part of the first screw rod 4.2 does not extrude the sliding rod 4.4 any more, the friction pad 4.3 and the sliding rod 4.4 move towards the direction far away from the sliding rod 3.21 due to the elasticity of the tension spring, the friction pad 4.3 does not extrude the sliding rod 3.21 any more, the sliding rod 3.21 is not locked any more, and the sliding rod 3.21 can freely slide.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the connecting assembly 5 includes a U-shaped rod 5.1, a connecting plate 5.2, a fixing rod 5.3 and a second screw rod 5.4, the U-shaped rod 5.1 includes a first rod 5.11 and a second rod 5.12 vertically connecting the ends of the two first rods 5.11, the first rod 5.11 is parallel to and fixedly connected with the end of the first spreader plate 1, the fixing rod 5.3 is fixedly connected with the end of the second pull rod, the first rod 5.11 and the two second rods 5.12 form a U-shape, the connecting plate 5.2 is fixedly connected between the open ends of the two second rods 5.12, the open end of the second rod 5.12 is the end far away from the first rod 5.11, the connecting plate 5.2 is provided with a threaded hole, preferably, the threaded hole is formed in the middle of the connecting plate 5.2, the second screw rod 5.4 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, one end of the second screw rod 5.3 is rotatably connected, i.e. the end of the second screw rod 5.4 is provided with a rotating structure, e. a circular sliding groove, the second screw 5.4 is provided with a structure matched with a rotating structure, such as the matching of a sliding edge and a circular groove, or other sliding or rolling matching structures in the prior art, for example, the end part of the second screw 5.4 is rotationally connected on the fixed rod 5.3 through a bearing; furthermore, one end of the second screw rod 5.4, which is far away from the fixing rod 5.3, is fixedly connected with a second knob 5.5, the second knob 5.5 is used for facilitating the rotation of the second screw rod 5.4, the second screw rod 5.4 is rotated through the second knob 5.5, and the second screw rod 5.4 is in threaded action with the threaded hole, so that the second screw rod 5.4 axially moves along the threaded hole, the fixing rod 5.3 drives the second opening plate 2 to move towards the direction far away from the first opening plate 1, and the epidermis tissue and the muscle tissue of the patient are opened to form an operation channel; the second screw rod 5.4 is rotated reversely by the second knob 5.5, and the second screw rod 5.4 drives the second opening plate 2 to move and fold towards the first opening plate 1, so that the invention is convenient to insert into the thyroid from the axillary incision or take out from the axillary incision.

In another embodiment of the present invention, two sides of the first opening plate 1 in the length direction and one side far away from the connecting assembly 5 are respectively provided with a first arc-shaped elastic strip 6, two sides of the second opening plate 2 in the length direction and one side far away from the connecting assembly 5 are respectively provided with a second arc-shaped elastic strip 7, when the first opening plate 1 and the second opening plate 2 are folded, the first arc-shaped elastic strip 6 and the second arc-shaped elastic strip 7 on the same side form a semicircular ring, and the first arc-shaped elastic strip 6 and the second arc-shaped elastic strip 7 can cover two sides and far ends of the first opening plate 1 and the second opening plate 2, so as to avoid additional damage caused by direct tissue contact of the first opening plate 1 and the second opening plate 2.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the second sliding plate 3.13 is slidably and rotatably connected to the second opening plate 2 through a connecting member 8, the connecting member 8 includes a rotating rod 8.11 and a sliding block 8.12, the second opening plate 2 is provided with a second sliding slot 8.3 in the width direction, the cross section of the second sliding slot 8.3 may be T-shaped or L-shaped, the sliding block 3.22 is slidably disposed in the second sliding slot 8.3, and one end of the rotating rod 8.11 away from the sliding block 3.22 is hinged to the second sliding plate 3.13.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the second sliding plate 3.13 is slidably and rotatably connected to the second opening plate 2 through a connecting member 8, the connecting member 8 includes a cylindrical rod 8.21 and a connecting rod 8.22, a second sliding slot 8.3 is formed in the second opening plate 2 in the width direction, the cross section of the second sliding slot 8.3 may be T-shaped or L-shaped, the cylindrical rod 8.21 is slidably and rotatably disposed in the second sliding slot 8.3, one end of the connecting rod 8.22 is fixedly connected to the circumferential side of the cylindrical rod 8.21, and the other end of the connecting rod 8.22 is fixedly connected to the second sliding plate 3.13.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the second opening plate 2 is arc-shaped, the middle of the second opening plate in the width direction is arched away from the first opening plate 1, and the arc-shaped second opening plate 2 is upward, so that the second opening plate can be more suitable for the slightly arched shape of the epidermis tissue of the patient when the epidermis tissue is opened, and the operation passage can be further enlarged.

While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A retractor for thyroid surgery is characterized by comprising:

a first spreader plate;

one end of the second opening plate is movably connected with the first opening plate through a connecting assembly so as to be far away from or close to the first opening plate;

widen the mechanism, it includes manually operation portion, drive assembly and at least one extension subassembly, the extension subassembly slides and sets up between first board and the second board of strutting, and the direction of sliding is for following first board width direction of strutting, manually operation portion passes through drive assembly and connects the extension subassembly expands with the drive extension subassembly slides, manually operation portion is located the proximal end of first board of strutting, the extension subassembly is located the distal end of first board of strutting.

2. The retractor for thyroid surgery according to claim 1, wherein the extension member comprises a first sliding plate, a swinging plate and a second sliding plate, the first sliding plate is slidably disposed on the first opening plate, the swinging plate is hinged to one side of the first opening plate, the second sliding plate is slidably disposed on the swinging plate, and the second sliding plate is slidably and rotatably connected to the second opening plate.

3. The retractor for thyroid surgery according to claim 2, wherein the transmission assembly comprises a sliding rod, a sliding block and a hinge rod, the sliding block is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod, at least one of the sliding block and the sliding rod is slidably disposed in the middle of the first opening plate along the length direction of the first opening plate, one end of the hinge rod is hinged to the sliding block, and the other end of the hinge rod is hinged to the first sliding plate.

4. The retractor for thyroid surgery according to claim 3, further comprising a locking mechanism provided at a proximal end of the connecting member or the first spreader plate for locking the slide bar and releasing the slide bar.

5. The retractor for thyroid surgery according to claim 4, wherein the locking mechanism comprises a threaded sleeve, a first screw, a friction pad, a sliding rod and an elastic unit, the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the connecting assembly, one end of the sliding rod is connected with the friction pad, the other end of the sliding rod is slidably arranged in the threaded sleeve, the friction pad is in friction fit with the sliding rod, the first screw is in threaded connection with the threaded sleeve, and the elastic unit drives the friction pad and the sliding rod to move in a direction away from the sliding rod when the elastic unit recovers elastic deformation.

6. The retractor for thyroid surgery according to claim 1, wherein the connecting member comprises a U-shaped rod, a connecting plate, a fixing rod and a second screw, the U-shaped rod comprises a first rod and a second rod perpendicularly connecting the ends of the two first rods, the first rod is fixedly connected with the end of the first opening plate, the fixing rod is fixedly connected with the end of the second pull rod, the connecting plate is fixedly connected between the open ends of the two second rods, the connecting plate is provided with a threaded hole, the second screw is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, and one end of the second screw is rotatably connected with the fixing rod.

7. The retractor for thyroid surgery according to claim 1, wherein the first opening plate has a first elastic arc strip on each of the two lengthwise sides thereof and the side thereof remote from the connecting member, and the second opening plate has a second elastic arc strip on each of the two lengthwise sides thereof and the side thereof remote from the connecting member, such that when the first opening plate and the second opening plate are closed, the first elastic arc strip and the second elastic arc strip on the same side form a semicircular ring.

8. The retractor for thyroid surgery according to claim 2, wherein the second sliding plate is slidably and rotatably connected to the second opening plate via a connecting member, the connecting member comprises a rotating rod and a sliding block, the second opening plate is provided with a second sliding slot along a width direction, the sliding block is slidably disposed in the second sliding slot, and an end of the rotating rod away from the sliding block is hinged to the second sliding plate.

9. The retractor for thyroid surgery according to claim 2, wherein the second sliding plate is slidably and rotatably connected to the second opening plate via a connecting member, the connecting member comprises a cylindrical rod and a connecting rod, a second sliding slot is formed in the second opening plate in the width direction, the cylindrical rod is slidably and rotatably disposed in the second sliding slot, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the peripheral surface of the cylindrical rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the second sliding plate.

10. The retractor for thyroid surgery according to claim 1, wherein the second retractor plate has an arc shape in which a middle portion in a width direction is arched in a direction away from the first retractor plate.