CN112804310B - Multi-chain intelligent security gateway for application of Internet of things and implementation method - Google Patents
Multi-chain intelligent security gateway for application of Internet of things and implementation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-chain intelligent security gateway oriented to Internet of things application and an implementation method thereof, which can effectively solve the problems of easy tampering of acquired data, poor cloud coordination capability and weak security in the traditional Internet of things gateway technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of block chains, in particular to a multi-chain intelligent security gateway for application of the Internet of things and an implementation method.
Background
In recent years, with the vigorous development of the internet of things technology, the gateway of the internet of things as a link connecting a sensing network and a traditional communication network plays a very important role in the era of the internet of things. The internet of things gateway serves as a conversion important device, can realize protocol conversion between a sensing network and a communication network and between different types of sensing networks, can realize wide area interconnection and local area interconnection, but the traditional internet of things gateway adopts a centralized storage mode, has the defects of easy falsification of collected data, poor cloud cooperation capability and poor safety, and greatly increases the risk of the whole internet of things system.
The block chain technology has the characteristics of main body peer-to-peer, public transparency, safe communication, difficult tampering, multi-party consensus and the like, and has important influence on the Internet of things: the characteristics of multi-center weak-center structure and main body are beneficial to breaking existing multiple information isolated island fetters of the Internet of things, and transverse flow and multi-party cooperation of information are promoted. The block chain technology is introduced into the Internet of things gateway, so that data of the Internet of things terminal device can be prevented from being tampered, and the digital identity technology, the encryption and decryption technology, the edge computing technology and the artificial intelligence technology are integrated, so that the edge cloud cooperation capability and the data processing capability of the traditional Internet of things gateway can be enhanced, and the system security of the whole Internet of things network can be improved. Therefore, the invention discloses a security gateway for application of the Internet of things.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multi-link intelligent security gateway oriented to internet of things application and an implementation method thereof, which can effectively solve the problems of easy falsification of acquired data, poor cloud cooperation capability and poor security in the conventional internet of things gateway technology.
The technical scheme includes that the system comprises a data acquisition module, a protocol conversion module, a communication management module, a gateway management module, a security management module, a key management module and a block chain module;
the data acquisition module comprises data receiving, data analyzing, data sending and communication maintenance sub-modules and is mainly used for completing tasks of reporting acquired data of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things and forwarding application data;
the protocol conversion module comprises protocol analysis, protocol adaptation and protocol management sub-modules, and has the main functions of converting the protocol of the terminal equipment of the internet of things accessed to the network, uniformly packaging the data in the standard format of the lower layer, ensuring that the protocols of different terminal equipment of the internet of things can be changed into uniform data and signaling, and analyzing the data packet sent by the upper layer into signaling and control instructions which can be identified by the protocol of the terminal equipment of the internet of things, wherein the supported type of the protocol of the internet of things comprises at least one of MQTT, DDS, AMQP, XMPP, JMS, REST and CoAP;
the communication management module has the main functions of realizing the wide area or local area interconnection of the data acquired by the terminal equipment of the Internet of things and a communication network, and comprises at least one of a Bluetooth module, a Wi-Fi module, a 2/3/4/5G module, a ZigBee module, an NB-IoT module, a Lora module and an Ethernet module;
the gateway management module comprises the following contents:
1. managing a multi-chain intelligent security gateway, such as registration management, authority management, network interface configuration, network service configuration, static routing, state supervision, system time, system logs, configuration management, firmware upgrade, user management and host attribute management;
2. managing devices in the sub-network, such as acquiring the identification, the field name, the asset number, the positioning source, the LBS reporting interval, the flow reporting interval, the state, the attribute and the energy of the devices, and remotely realizing awakening, control, diagnosis, upgrading and maintenance;
the security management module comprises the following contents:
1. identity authentication: when the terminal equipment of the internet of things communicates with the multi-link intelligent security gateway, bidirectional authentication needs to be performed through a lightweight security authentication protocol or algorithm. When the multi-chain intelligent security gateway is communicated with the cloud platform, bidirectional identity authentication is carried out by the identity security infrastructure;
2. and (4) safe transmission: the method comprises the steps that data are transmitted between the terminal equipment of the Internet of things and a multi-chain intelligent security gateway, instructions and acquired data need to be encrypted and transmitted through a security protocol or a lightweight algorithm, and when the multi-chain intelligent security gateway is communicated with a cloud platform, the data can be encrypted and transmitted according to a security transmission protocol, a security chip, an encryption card, a security TF card and a digital certificate;
3. firewall: the packet filtering of the firewall policy configuration is supported, and the access control policy, the access control table and the NAT rule can be customized according to requirements to ensure that the network is not attacked by the outside; when the terminal of the internet of things transmits data to the multi-link intelligent security gateway, the threat from an upper information network can be prevented;
4. protocol identification and filtering: identifying the protocol type, and blocking unauthorized network data packets according to the protocol white list;
5. VPN: supporting configuration of IPSec, GRE, L2TP, openVPN and digital certificates, establishing a virtual channel through a tunnel technology, an encryption and decryption technology, a key management technology and an identity authentication technology, encrypting and compressing tunnel data at a link layer and a network layer, and ensuring safe transmission of the data;
6. updating and protecting: in order to ensure the kernel security of the operating system and prevent the system file from being maliciously tampered and updated, only the system file which is digitally signed and authenticated is updated and operated;
7. and (3) access control: the management access authority of the multi-link intelligent security gateway is managed in a grading mode according to the account types, and through the intrusion detection engine and the access control engine, safe access control and suspected service blocking can be conducted on the access equipment of the Internet of things, so that the service risk from a sensing layer is effectively reduced, and the attack behavior of a network layer is reduced;
the key management module is used for guaranteeing data acquisition safety, storage safety and transmission safety of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things, providing key full-life-cycle management, configurable key use strategy access authority and key encryption, decryption and signature verification functions, supporting management of various encrypted objects including a symmetric key, an asymmetric key, a digital certificate and an authentication token, adopting a hardware encryption mode, and compared with software encryption, the key management module has the advantages of high encryption speed, less occupied computer resources and high safety;
the block chain module is used for linking, storing and sharing acquired data of the terminal equipment of the internet of things and identity of a multi-chain intelligent security gateway, and specifically comprises the following contents:
1. intelligent contract: the cochain storage of the terminal acquired data is realized by compiling and calling an intelligent cochain contract of the data of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things;
2. a consensus mechanism: the consistency and the effectiveness of uplink data are ensured through a block chain consensus mechanism, and a pluggable consensus mechanism is supported, wherein the consensus mechanism comprises at least one of POW, POS, DPOS and PBFT;
3. privacy protection: blocking, structure decentralized, information grading and intelligent contract management of the acquired private data of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things by using a block chain technology, and establishing a three-dimensional and full-life-cycle protection model and a new distrust management mechanism so as to meet the privacy protection requirements of privacy disclosure, tamper resistance and evidence traceability;
4. data sharing: the sharing of the data collected by the terminal equipment of the Internet of things is realized by the multi-chain intelligent security consensus gateway, and the shared data comprises all gateway node storage data.
According to the invention, the block chain technology, the digital identity technology, the encryption and decryption technology, the edge computing technology and the artificial intelligence technology are adopted to greatly reduce the risk of the whole Internet of things network system, provide terminal equipment identity authentication capability, cloud edge cooperation capability, data intelligent processing capability and block chain access capability for the safety of the Internet of things system, and the method is an innovation oriented to the Internet of things security gateway.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall architecture diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an implementation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention includes a multi-link intelligent security gateway for internet of things application, specifically including a data acquisition module, a protocol conversion module, a communication management module, a gateway management module, a security management module, a key management module, and a block link module;
the data acquisition module comprises data receiving, data analyzing, data sending and communication maintaining sub-modules, mainly completes the tasks of reporting acquired data of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things and forwarding application data, and the completed main functions comprise:
1. maintaining communication between the multi-chain intelligent security gateway and the terminal equipment of the Internet of things;
2. maintaining communication between the data acquisition module and the protocol conversion module;
3. analyzing data sent to the multi-chain intelligent security gateway by the terminal equipment of the Internet of things;
4. generating data of an automatic reporting request message and an application data forwarding response message which are sent to a protocol conversion module;
5, and the application data forwarding request message data issued by the parsing protocol conversion module;
6. and generating a control instruction sent to the terminal equipment of the Internet of things.
The protocol conversion module comprises a protocol analysis module, a protocol adaptation module and a protocol management sub-module, and has the main functions of converting the protocol of the Internet of things terminal equipment accessing the network, uniformly packaging the data in the standard format of the lower layer, ensuring that the protocols of different Internet of things terminal equipment can be changed into uniform data and signaling, analyzing the data packet sent by the upper layer into signaling and control instructions which can be identified by the Internet of things terminal equipment protocol, and supporting the Internet of things protocol type comprising at least one of MQTT, DDS, AMQP, XMPP, JMS, REST and CoAP.
The communication management module has the main function of realizing wide area or local area interconnection between data collected by the terminal equipment of the Internet of things and a communication network, and comprises at least one of a Bluetooth module, a Wi-Fi module, a 2/3/4/5G module, a ZigBee module, an NB-IoT module, a Lora module and an Ethernet module.
The gateway management module comprises the following contents:
1. managing a multi-chain intelligent security gateway, such as registration management, authority management, network interface configuration, network service configuration, static routing, state supervision, system time, system logs, configuration management, firmware upgrade, user management and host attribute management;
2. and managing the devices in the sub-networks, such as acquiring the identifiers, the field names, the asset numbers, the positioning sources, the LBS reporting intervals, the flow reporting intervals, the states, the attributes and the energy of the devices, and remotely realizing awakening, control, diagnosis, upgrading and maintenance.
The security management module comprises the following contents:
1. identity authentication: when the terminal equipment of the Internet of things communicates with the multi-link intelligent security gateway, bidirectional authentication needs to be carried out through a lightweight security authentication protocol or algorithm, and when the multi-link intelligent security gateway communicates with the cloud platform, bidirectional identity authentication is carried out through an identity security infrastructure;
2. and (4) safe transmission: the internet of things terminal equipment and the multi-link intelligent security gateway transmit data, and the instructions and the acquired data need to be encrypted and transmitted through a security protocol or a lightweight algorithm. When the multi-chain intelligent security gateway is communicated with the cloud platform, data can be encrypted and transmitted according to a secure transmission protocol, a secure chip, an encryption card, a secure TF card and a digital certificate;
3. firewall: the packet filtering of the firewall policy configuration is supported, and the access control policy, the access control table and the NAT rule can be customized according to requirements to ensure that the network is not attacked by the outside; when the terminal of the internet of things transmits data to the multi-link intelligent security gateway, the threat from an upper information network can be prevented;
4. protocol identification and filtering: identifying the protocol type, and blocking unauthorized network data packets according to a protocol white list;
5. VPN: supporting configuration of IPSec, GRE, L2TP, openVPN and digital certificates, establishing a virtual channel through a tunnel technology, an encryption and decryption technology, a key management technology and an identity authentication technology, encrypting and compressing tunnel data at a link layer and a network layer, and ensuring safe transmission of the data;
6. updating and protecting: in order to ensure the kernel security of the operating system and prevent the system file from being maliciously tampered and updated, only the system file which is digitally signed and authenticated is updated and operated;
7. and (3) access control: the management access authority of the multi-chain intelligent security gateway is managed in a grading mode according to the account types, and through the intrusion detection engine and the access control engine, safe access control and suspected service blocking can be conducted on the access equipment of the Internet of things, so that the service risk from a sensing layer is effectively reduced, and the attack behavior of a network layer is reduced.
The key management module is used for guaranteeing data acquisition safety, storage safety and transmission safety of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things, can provide full life cycle management of keys, can configure key use strategy access authority and key encryption, decryption and signature verification functions, supports management of various encrypted objects including symmetric keys, asymmetric keys, digital certificates and authentication tokens, adopts a hardware encryption mode, and has the advantages of high encryption speed, less occupied computer resources and high safety compared with software encryption.
The block chain module is used for chaining, storing and sharing acquired data of the terminal equipment of the internet of things and identity of the multi-chain intelligent security gateway, and specifically comprises the following contents:
1. an intelligent contract: the cochain storage of the terminal acquired data is realized by compiling and calling an intelligent cochain contract of the data of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things;
2. a consensus mechanism: the consistency and the effectiveness of uplink data are ensured through a block chain consensus mechanism, and a pluggable consensus mechanism is supported, wherein the consensus mechanism comprises at least one of POW, POS, DPOS and PBFT;
3. privacy protection: blocking, structure decentralized, information grading and intelligent contract management of the acquired private data of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things by using a block chain technology, and establishing a three-dimensional and full-life-cycle protection model and a new distrust-removing management mechanism so as to meet the requirements of privacy disclosure, tamper resistance and evidence traceability privacy protection;
4. data sharing: the sharing of the data collected by the terminal equipment of the Internet of things is realized by the multi-chain intelligent security consensus gateway, and the shared data comprises all gateway node storage data.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides an implementation method of the multi-chain intelligent security gateway oriented to the application of the internet of things, the method includes the steps that firstly, data collected by terminal equipment of the internet of things are safely shared in a multi-chain intelligent security gateway block chain network, then the data are uploaded to an internet of things cloud platform for AI model training, training model results are used for data and early warning, the multi-chain intelligent security gateway block chain network is composed of a main chain and a plurality of sub-chains, wherein the main chain is composed of platform side, user side, supervisor side and third party authority common identification nodes, each sub-chain is composed of a plurality of multi-chain intelligent security gateway nodes, the main chain and the sub-chains are composed of intelligent contracts for realizing data safe sharing and exchange, and the specific implementation process is as follows:
1. registration
Firstly, various internet of things terminal devices need to be registered and registered in a security management module of a multi-chain intelligent security gateway, the multi-chain intelligent security gateway and a cloud platform register key related information mutually, and secure and trusted communication can be realized only after registration and registration;
the cloud platform registers public key information in the sub-chain and records and calls an intelligent contract address. Recording main chain anchored intelligent contract address information in corresponding intelligent contracts of the sub-chains;
2. data acquisition and analysis
The multi-link intelligent security gateway receives and analyzes data acquired by the Internet of things terminal equipment through a data acquisition module of the multi-link intelligent security gateway, and then performs data conversion through a multi-link intelligent security gateway protocol conversion module;
3. data chaining and clouding
The multi-chain intelligent security gateway uploads data to the sub-chain by calling a data chaining intelligent contract and synchronizes to all common identification nodes of a main chain, wherein the data chaining intelligent contract comprises the steps that collected data are stored in a block chain, a data reporting threshold value is set in the intelligent contract, and when the collected data are larger than the threshold value, the common identification nodes synchronize the block data of the sub-chain network of the multi-chain intelligent security gateway to the main chain of the multi-chain intelligent security gateway through an intelligent contract anchored between the sub-chain and the main chain; the consensus node simultaneously signs and encrypts the acquired data contained in the block through the key management module, and uploads a signature result and a ciphertext of the acquired data to the cloud platform;
4. training AI model
After receiving the reported data of the multi-link intelligent security gateway, the cloud platform verifies the data signature to confirm the identity of the gateway, decrypts the data after the identity is confirmed to obtain a data original text, cleans/labels the data, trains and tests an AI model by combining a corresponding algorithm, and dynamically adjusts the model result;
5. training AI model result deployment
The cloud platform calls a model deployment intelligent contract of any multi-chain intelligent safety net joint point in the sub-chain, a training AI model result is deployed in the multi-chain intelligent safety net joint point, and the multi-chain intelligent safety net joint point safely shares the training AI model result to other gateway nodes in the sub-chain network;
6. using AI model results
Corresponding application layer intelligent contracts are compiled in a multi-chain intelligent security gateway sub-chain network according to different scenes, the intelligent contracts can utilize an AI model to accurately analyze and process data, when the data are collected, the intelligent contracts are called, early warning and prediction are carried out on the data in time, related early warning intelligent contracts are called, and the edge calculation intelligent level is improved;
7. reporting early warning and prediction results
The method comprises the steps that an early warning intelligent contract is written in a multi-chain intelligent security gateway in advance, the contract comprises early warning threshold values and relevant configuration reported by a cloud platform, when the multi-chain intelligent security gateway reaches the early warning values to collected data, the intelligent contract is called to upload early warning results to the cloud platform, and the cloud platform conducts relevant processing according to early warning information.
Example 1
The multi-chain intelligent security gateway is assumed to be applied to a grain depot supervision system and used as a connection device of a grain depot Internet of things sensing layer and a supervision platform, the grain depot supervision system comprises the Internet of things sensing layer, the multi-chain intelligent security gateway and a supervision cloud platform, wherein the sensing layer comprises video security equipment and in-out-of-depot monitoring equipment, and the multi-chain intelligent security gateway implements the following specific steps:
1. data acquisition
Step 1, registration and registration
(1) Various devices of a sensing layer of the Internet of things of the grain depot need to be registered and registered in a security management module of a multi-chain intelligent security gateway to become legal devices, registration information comprises firmware IDs of the devices and identity identifications of device types, the multi-chain intelligent security gateway generates a key by using a key management module according to the information and then configures the key into the devices, the key is used for identity authentication and data encryption between the devices and data transmission of the multi-chain intelligent security gateway, and only the legal devices can report data to the multi-chain intelligent security gateway;
(2) An internal key management module of the multi-link intelligent security gateway generates an asymmetric key and records a public key of a supervision cloud platform;
(3) The multi-link intelligent security gateway registers in a multi-link intelligent security gateway authentication module of the supervision cloud platform to form a legal gateway, the registration information comprises the serial number of the multi-link intelligent security gateway, a network address, positioning information and a public key of the multi-link intelligent security gateway, and the public key of the other side is mutually reserved between the multi-link intelligent security gateway and the supervision cloud platform for identity authentication and data encryption, so that the authenticity and the validity of a data source can be ensured;
(4) The method comprises the steps that asymmetric keys and certificates are generated in a multi-chain intelligent security gateway sub-chain network, the multi-chain intelligent security gateway is added into the sub-chain network, and the sub-chain authorizes the multi-chain intelligent security gateway to call the authority of an intelligent contract;
(5) The supervision cloud platform generates an asymmetric key, registers and registers the public key on the multi-chain intelligent security gateway sub-chain and generates a block chain certificate, the multi-chain intelligent security gateway sub-chain authorizes the supervision cloud platform to call the authority of the intelligent contract, and the supervision cloud platform stores the block chain certificate and the intelligent contract address. The asymmetric key and the block chain certificate are used for calling an intelligent contract in the multi-chain intelligent security sub-chain;
(6) Writing a data storage intelligent contract in a main chain, wherein the contract is used for storing sub-chain block data, writing a data sharing intelligent contract in a sub-chain, and registering a main chain storage intelligent contract address in the contract for sharing the sub-chain block data to the main chain;
step 2, data acquisition and analysis
The multi-chain intelligent security gateway receives data collected by various devices on the sensing layer of the Internet of things of the grain depot through a data collection module of the multi-chain intelligent security gateway, analyzes the data, verifies the identity by using key information stored in the multi-chain intelligent security gateway, and decrypts the data after the verification is passed to obtain real and credible data. Converting the data into a standard structure through a multi-link intelligent security gateway protocol conversion module;
2. data chaining and clouding
And compiling the acquired data storage intelligent contract in the multi-chain intelligent security gateway sub-chain block chain network, wherein the intelligent contract is used for storing the acquired data and broadcasting the data to other multi-chain intelligent security gateway nodes. The collected data comprises environmental information, vehicle type information, cargo information and photo information when vehicles enter and exit the warehouse. Each multi-chain intelligent safety gateway node comprises all collected data in a sub-chain network, and due to a block chain periodic blocking mechanism, a blocked multi-chain intelligent safety gateway node calls a data sharing intelligent contract in the sub-chain to share a block to a main chain;
after the blocked multi-chain intelligent security gateway nodes are blocked, a block monitoring event mechanism is contained in the blocked multi-chain intelligent security gateway nodes, when the blocking of the blocks is completed, the block monitoring event mechanism is triggered, the mechanism is used for making data in the blocks into digital envelopes and reporting the digital envelopes to a supervision cloud platform, public keys used by the digital envelopes are public keys of the supervision cloud platform, and the public keys are recorded in the multi-chain intelligent security gateway in the registration and registration step;
3. training AI model
The method comprises the steps that a supervision cloud platform compiles a vehicle predicted weight algorithm program, the program utilizes in-out warehouse wagon balance information, environment information, vehicle type information, cargo information and photo information of vehicles in an in-out warehouse, screening, labeling, training and testing are conducted, AI model parameters are corrected in time, a model training result is formed, and the result can be deployed in a multi-chain intelligent security gateway node subchain;
4. deploying training model results
Compiling an AI model deployment intelligent contract in the child chain multi-chain intelligent safety net joint point, wherein the contract is used for training AI model results to be deployed in the multi-chain intelligent safety net joint point, and the multi-chain intelligent safety net joint point broadcasts the training AI model results to other multi-chain intelligent safety net joint points of the child chain;
in the registration step, the supervision cloud platform registers in the child chain and has authority for calling an AI model to deploy an intelligent contract, and the supervision cloud platform calls the AI model to deploy the intelligent contract to deploy an AI model training result to a multi-chain intelligent safety net joint;
5. using AI model results
Compiling an in-out database data supervision intelligent contract in a multi-chain intelligent safety gateway sub-chain block chain network, wherein the in-out database data supervision intelligent contract is entered into in-out database wagon balance information, environment information, vehicle type information, cargo information and vehicle in-out and in-out database photo information, the intelligent contract predicts the weight of cargos carried by a vehicle by using an AI model according to the vehicle in-out and in-out database photo information, the vehicle type information and the cargo information, compares the actual wagon balance information, and timely warns when the difference is large and calls a related early warning intelligent contract;
6. reporting early warning and prediction results
The method comprises the steps that an early warning intelligent contract is written in a multi-chain intelligent security gateway in advance, the contract comprises early warning threshold values and relevant configuration reported by a supervision cloud platform, when the multi-chain intelligent security gateway reaches the early warning values of collected data, the intelligent contract is called to upload early warning results and prediction results to the supervision cloud platform, the supervision cloud platform can set communication modes of early warning responsible persons and responsible persons, the communication modes can comprise mails, short messages and telephones, the relevant responsible persons can immediately react according to early warning information, and loss is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the multi-chain intelligent security gateway applied to the Internet of things and the implementation method thereof provided by the invention have the following advantages:
1. by adopting the edge computing technology, the edge computing task is downloaded to the edge of the network, the network data transmission pressure is greatly reduced, and the artificial intelligence model can carry out preprocessing, screening, content analysis and stream data processing on data generated by the Internet of things equipment, so that the data processing efficiency is improved.
2. A main chain and sub-chain layered framework is adopted, each multi-chain intelligent security gateway serves as a node of a sub-chain, when receiving data collected by the Internet of things terminal device, the multi-chain intelligent security gateways firstly analyze and process the data, then synchronize the data to other multi-chain intelligent security gateway nodes, and upload the data to a main chain network, so that the risk that the data collected by the terminal is tampered is reduced, and the reality and credibility of the data collected by the terminal device are guaranteed.
3. By adopting the identity authentication technology, when the terminal equipment of the Internet of things communicates with the multi-link intelligent security gateway and the multi-link intelligent security gateway communicates with the cloud platform, bidirectional identity authentication is carried out through a lightweight security authentication protocol or algorithm, and the identity security of the equipment is ensured.
4. Based on a hardware encryption and decryption technology, in the data acquisition and data transmission process of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things, the instructions and the acquired data are encrypted and transmitted through a security protocol or a lightweight algorithm, so that the data transmission safety is ensured.
5. The implementation method of the multi-chain intelligent security gateway provided by the invention can enable the Internet of things equipment to have high-efficiency block chain access capability, improve the cloud cooperation capability, enhance the security of the whole Internet of things system and reduce the risk of the whole Internet of things network system.
Claims (4)
1. An implementation method of a multi-link intelligent security gateway oriented to Internet of things application is characterized by comprising the following specific implementation processes:
1. registration
Firstly, various Internet of things terminal devices need to be registered and registered in a security management module of a multi-chain intelligent security gateway, public keys of the multi-chain intelligent security gateway and a cloud platform are mutually registered, only after registration and registration, secure and reliable communication can be achieved, the cloud platform registers and registers public key information in a sub-chain, records and calls an intelligent contract address, and records intelligent contract address information anchored by a main chain in a corresponding intelligent contract of the sub-chain;
2. data collection and analysis
The multi-link intelligent security gateway receives and analyzes data acquired by the Internet of things terminal equipment through a data acquisition module of the multi-link intelligent security gateway, and then performs data conversion through a multi-link intelligent security gateway protocol conversion module;
3. data chaining and cloud uploading
The multi-link intelligent security gateway uploads data to the sub-link by calling a data chain linking intelligent contract, and synchronizes the data to each common node of the main chain, wherein the data chain linking intelligent contract comprises the steps that collected data are stored in a block chain, a data reporting threshold value is set in the intelligent contract, and when the data reporting threshold value is greater than the threshold value, the common node in the process synchronizes the block data of the sub-link network of the multi-link intelligent security gateway to the main chain of the multi-link intelligent security gateway through an intelligent contract anchored between the sub-link and the main chain; the consensus node simultaneously signs and encrypts the acquired data contained in the block through the key management module, and uploads a signature result and a ciphertext of the acquired data to the cloud platform;
4. training AI model
After receiving the reported data of the multi-link intelligent security gateway, the cloud platform verifies the data signature to confirm the identity of the gateway, decrypts the data after the identity is confirmed to obtain a data original text, cleans/labels the data, trains and tests an AI model by combining an algorithm, and dynamically adjusts the model result;
5. training AI model result deployment
The cloud platform calls a model deployment intelligent contract of any multi-chain intelligent safety net joint point in the sub-chain, a training AI model result is deployed in the multi-chain intelligent safety net joint point, and the multi-chain intelligent safety net joint point safely shares the training AI model result to other gateway nodes in the sub-chain network;
6. using AI model results
Compiling corresponding application layer intelligent contracts according to different scenes in the multi-chain intelligent security gateway sub-chain network, wherein the intelligent contracts can utilize an AI model to accurately analyze and process data, call the intelligent contracts when data are acquired, timely perform early warning and prediction on the data, call related early warning intelligent contracts and improve the edge calculation intelligent level;
7. reporting early warning and prediction results
The method comprises the steps that early warning intelligent contracts are written in the multi-chain intelligent safety gateway in advance, the contracts comprise early warning threshold values and relevant configuration reported by a cloud platform, when the multi-chain intelligent safety gateway achieves the early warning values for collected data, the intelligent contracts are called to upload early warning results to the cloud platform, and the cloud platform performs relevant processing according to early warning information.
2. The method for implementing the multi-chain intelligent security gateway oriented to the application of the internet of things of claim 1, wherein the multi-chain intelligent security gateway comprises a data acquisition module, a protocol conversion module, a communication management module, a gateway management module, a security management module, a key management module and a block chain module;
the data acquisition module comprises data receiving, data analyzing, data sending and communication maintenance sub-modules and is used for completing tasks of reporting acquired data of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things and forwarding application data;
the protocol conversion module comprises protocol analysis, protocol adaptation and protocol management sub-modules, and has the functions of converting the protocol of the terminal equipment of the internet of things accessed to the network, uniformly packaging the data in the standard format of the lower layer, ensuring that the protocols of different terminal equipment of the internet of things can be changed into uniform data and signaling, and analyzing the data packet sent by the upper layer into signaling and control instructions which can be identified by the protocol of the terminal equipment of the internet of things, wherein the supported type of the protocol of the internet of things comprises at least one of MQTT, DDS, AMQP, XMPP, JMS, REST and CoAP;
the communication management module has the function of realizing the wide area or local area interconnection of the data acquired by the terminal equipment of the Internet of things and a communication network, and comprises at least one of a Bluetooth module, a Wi-Fi module, a 2/3/4/5G module, a ZigBee module, an NB-IoT module, a Lora module and an Ethernet module;
the gateway management module comprises the following contents:
1. managing a multi-chain intelligent security gateway, namely registration management, authority management, network interface configuration, network service configuration, static routing, state supervision, system time, system logs, configuration management, firmware upgrading, user management and host attribute management;
2. managing the devices in the sub-network, acquiring the identifiers, the field names, the asset numbers, the positioning sources, the LBS reporting intervals, the flow reporting intervals, the states, the attributes and the energy of the devices, and remotely realizing awakening, control, diagnosis, upgrading and maintenance;
the security management module comprises the following contents:
1. identity authentication: when the terminal equipment of the Internet of things communicates with the multi-link intelligent security gateway, bidirectional authentication is required to be performed through a lightweight security authentication protocol or algorithm, and when the multi-link intelligent security gateway communicates with the cloud platform, bidirectional identity authentication is performed through an identity security infrastructure;
2. and (4) safe transmission: the internet of things terminal equipment and the multi-chain intelligent security gateway transmit data, instructions and the acquired data need to be encrypted and transmitted through a security protocol or a lightweight algorithm, and when the multi-chain intelligent security gateway is communicated with the cloud platform, the data can be encrypted and transmitted according to a security transmission protocol, a security chip, an encryption card, a security TF card and a digital certificate;
3. firewall: the method supports packet filtering of firewall policy configuration, and can customize an access control policy, an access control table and an NAT rule according to requirements to ensure that the network is not attacked by the outside; when the terminal of the internet of things transmits data to the multi-link intelligent security gateway, the threat from an upper information network can be prevented;
4. protocol identification and filtering: identifying the protocol type, and blocking unauthorized network data packets according to the protocol white list;
5. VPN: supporting configuration of IPSec, GRE, L2TP, openVPN and digital certificates, establishing a virtual channel through a tunnel technology, an encryption and decryption technology, a key management technology and an identity authentication technology, encrypting and compressing tunnel data at a link layer and a network layer, and ensuring safe transmission of the data;
6. updating and protecting: in order to ensure the kernel security of the operating system and prevent the system file from being maliciously tampered and updated, only the system file which is digitally signed and authenticated is updated and operated;
7. and (3) access control: the management access authority of the multi-link intelligent security gateway is managed in a grading mode according to the account types, and through the intrusion detection engine and the access control engine, safe access control and suspected service blocking can be conducted on the access equipment of the Internet of things, so that the service risk from a sensing layer is effectively reduced, and the attack behavior of a network layer is reduced;
the key management module is used for guaranteeing data acquisition safety, storage safety and transmission safety of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things, providing key full-life-cycle management, configuring key use strategy access authority and key encryption, decryption and signature verification functions, supporting management of various encrypted objects including a symmetric key, an asymmetric key, a digital certificate and an authentication token, adopting a hardware encryption mode, and compared with software encryption, the key management module has the advantages of high encryption speed, less occupied computer resources and high safety;
the block chain module is used for chaining, storing and sharing acquired data of the terminal equipment of the internet of things and identity of the multi-chain intelligent security gateway, and specifically comprises the following contents:
1. intelligent contract: the cochain storage of the terminal acquired data is realized by compiling and calling an intelligent cochain contract of the data of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things;
2. a consensus mechanism: the consistency and the effectiveness of uplink data are ensured through a block chain consensus mechanism, and a pluggable consensus mechanism is supported, wherein the consensus mechanism comprises at least one of POW, POS, DPOS and PBFT;
3. privacy protection: blocking, structure decentralized, information grading and intelligent contract management of the acquired private data of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things by using a block chain technology, and establishing a three-dimensional and full-life-cycle protection model and a new distrust management mechanism so as to meet the privacy protection requirements of privacy disclosure, tamper resistance and evidence traceability;
4. data sharing: the sharing of the data collected by the terminal equipment of the Internet of things is realized by the multi-chain intelligent security gateway, and the shared data comprises all gateway node storage data.
3. The method for realizing the multi-chain intelligent security gateway oriented to the application of the internet of things of claim 2, wherein the functions completed by the data acquisition module comprise:
1. maintaining communication between the multi-chain intelligent security gateway and the terminal equipment of the Internet of things;
2. maintaining communication between the data acquisition module and the protocol conversion module;
3. analyzing data sent to the multi-chain intelligent security gateway by the terminal equipment of the Internet of things;
4. generating data of an automatic reporting request message and an application data forwarding response message which are sent to a protocol conversion module;
5. analyzing application data forwarding request message data sent by a protocol conversion module;
6. and generating a control instruction sent to the terminal equipment of the Internet of things.
4. A method for applying a multi-chain intelligent security gateway applied to an Internet of things to a grain depot supervision system is characterized by specifically comprising the following steps:
1. data acquisition
Step 1, registration and registration
(1) Various devices of a grain depot Internet of things perception layer need to be registered and registered in a security management module of a multi-chain intelligent security gateway to become legal devices, registration information comprises firmware IDs (identity) of the devices and identity identifications of device types, the multi-chain intelligent security gateway generates a key by using the key management module according to the information, then the key is configured in the devices, the key is used for identity authentication and data encryption between the devices and data transmission of the multi-chain intelligent security gateway, and only the legal devices can report data to the multi-chain intelligent security gateway;
(2) An internal key management module of the multi-link intelligent security gateway generates an asymmetric key and records a public key of a supervision cloud platform;
(3) The multi-link intelligent security gateway registers in a multi-link intelligent security gateway authentication module of the supervision cloud platform to form a legal gateway, the registration information comprises the serial number of the multi-link intelligent security gateway, a network address, positioning information and a public key of the multi-link intelligent security gateway, and the public key of the other side is mutually reserved between the multi-link intelligent security gateway and the supervision cloud platform for identity authentication and data encryption, so that the authenticity and the validity of a data source can be ensured;
(4) The method comprises the steps that asymmetric keys and certificates are generated in a multi-chain intelligent security gateway sub-chain network, the multi-chain intelligent security gateway is added into the sub-chain network, and the sub-chain authorizes the multi-chain intelligent security gateway to call the authority of an intelligent contract;
(5) The method comprises the steps that a supervision cloud platform generates an asymmetric key, a public key is registered in a multi-chain intelligent security gateway sub-chain and a block chain certificate is generated, the multi-chain intelligent security gateway sub-chain authorizes the supervision cloud platform to call the authority of an intelligent contract, the supervision cloud platform stores the block chain certificate and an intelligent contract address, and the asymmetric key and the block chain certificate are used for calling the intelligent contract in the multi-chain intelligent security sub-chain;
(6) Writing a data storage intelligent contract in a main chain, wherein the contract is used for storing sub-chain block data, writing a data sharing intelligent contract in a sub-chain, and registering a main chain storage intelligent contract address in the contract for sharing the sub-chain block data to the main chain;
step 2, data acquisition and analysis
The multi-chain intelligent security gateway receives and analyzes data collected by various devices on the sensing layer of the Internet of things of the grain depot through a data collection module of the multi-chain intelligent security gateway, performs identity verification by using key information stored in the multi-chain intelligent security gateway, decrypts the data after passing the verification to obtain real and credible data, and converts the data into a standard structure through a multi-chain intelligent security gateway protocol conversion module;
2. data chaining and clouding
Compiling a collected data storage intelligent contract in a multi-chain intelligent security gateway sub-chain block chain network, wherein the intelligent contract is used for storing collected data and broadcasting the data to other multi-chain intelligent security gateway nodes, the collected data comprises environment information, vehicle type information, cargo information and vehicle in-and-out-of-warehouse photo information, each multi-chain intelligent security gateway node comprises all collected data in the sub-chain network, and due to a block chain periodic blocking mechanism, the blocked multi-chain intelligent security gateway nodes call a data sharing intelligent contract in the sub-chain and share blocks to a main chain;
after the blocked multi-chain intelligent security gateway nodes are blocked, a block monitoring event mechanism is contained in the blocked multi-chain intelligent security gateway nodes, when the blocking of the blocks is completed, the blocking node event mechanism is triggered, the mechanism is used for making data in the blocks into digital envelopes and reporting the digital envelopes to a supervision cloud platform, public keys used by the digital envelopes are public keys of the supervision cloud platform, and the public keys are recorded in the multi-chain intelligent security gateway in the registration step;
3. training AI model
The method comprises the steps that a supervision cloud platform compiles a vehicle forecast weight algorithm program, the program utilizes in-out warehouse wagon balance information, environment information, vehicle type information, cargo information and photo information of vehicles in an in-out warehouse, screening, labeling, training and testing are conducted, AI model parameters are corrected in time, a model training result is formed, and the result can be deployed in a multi-chain intelligent safety net joint subchain;
4. deploying training model results
Compiling an AI model deployment intelligent contract in the child chain multi-chain intelligent safety net joint point, wherein the contract is used for training AI model results to be deployed in the multi-chain intelligent safety net joint point, and the multi-chain intelligent safety net joint point broadcasts the training AI model results to other multi-chain intelligent safety net joint points of the child chain;
in the registration step, the supervision cloud platform registers in the child chain and has authority for calling an AI model to deploy an intelligent contract, and the supervision cloud platform calls the AI model to deploy the intelligent contract to deploy an AI model training result to a multi-chain intelligent safety net joint;
5. using AI model results
Compiling an in-out database data supervision intelligent contract in a multi-chain intelligent safety gateway sub-chain block chain network, wherein the in-out database data supervision intelligent contract is entered into in-out database wagon balance information, environment information, vehicle type information, cargo information and vehicle in-out and in-out database photo information, the intelligent contract predicts the weight of cargos carried by a vehicle according to the vehicle in-out and in-out database photo information, the vehicle type information and the cargo information by utilizing an AI model, compares the actual wagon balance information, and timely warns when the difference is large and calls a related prewarning intelligent contract;
6. reporting early warning and prediction results
The method comprises the steps that an early warning intelligent contract is written in the multi-chain intelligent security gateway in advance, the contract comprises early warning threshold values and relevant configuration reported by a supervision cloud platform, when the multi-chain intelligent security gateway reaches the early warning values of collected data, the intelligent contract is called to upload early warning results and prediction results to the supervision cloud platform, the supervision cloud platform can set communication modes of early warning responsible persons and responsible persons, the communication modes can comprise mails, short messages and telephones, the relevant responsible persons can immediately react according to early warning information, and loss is reduced.
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