CN1128030C - Device for obtaining slag flow-out signal in casting steel with ladle - Google Patents
Device for obtaining slag flow-out signal in casting steel with ladle Download PDFInfo
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- CN1128030C CN1128030C CN 01139020 CN01139020A CN1128030C CN 1128030 C CN1128030 C CN 1128030C CN 01139020 CN01139020 CN 01139020 CN 01139020 A CN01139020 A CN 01139020A CN 1128030 C CN1128030 C CN 1128030C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a device for obtaining slag flow-out signals in the steel casting process of a ladle, which is composed of a sine wave oscillator, a transconductance amplification circuit, a peak-detector circuit, a digital control resistance network voltage divider, a filter amplification circuit, a voltage comparator, a bistable trigger, a monostable trigger, an RS trigger and a relay. The present invention uses of an automatically adjusting excitation source of the digital control resistance network voltage divider to be suitable for a sensor which can normally detect the erosion of through paths of nozzle bricks in a concentric position with the sensor, and the replacement of the nozzle bricks following the increase of ladles in different steel-flow through paths. The anti-interference ability of the device is increased by various wave filtering circuits and shields, and the threshold voltage of the voltage comparator is set to obtain instantaneous slag flow-out response. Thus, the present invention has the advantages of good reliability and high precision, and each-time steel casting work of the ladle can reach the purposes of maximal steel yield and minimum slag flowing into atundish. The present invention can be applied to the automatic detection and the control of the steel discharge and the slag block of all metallurgical containers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection technique of non electrical quantity, relate in particular to the device that obtains scoria flow-out signal in the casting steel with ladle.
Background technology
The present invention uses non-electrical quantity measurement technology, for the non-oxidation continuous casting line is set up a kind of automatic detection device, when steel ladle pouring closes on end, in case slag flows out, this device is arranged on the sensor at tapping hole position and promptly experiences the slag conversion, and this conversion is transformed into the signal of telecommunication, through processing of circuit with amplify after become down slag and report to the police and the driving signal of closing steel ladle sliding water gap, thereby realize having the automatic pass bag that maximum output of steel and minimum slag flow out effect.
In the prior art field, the disclosed applying date is on February 22nd, 86, and application number is 86100811 " slag detecting apparatus ".This device adopts simple constant-current source stimulus sensor; Adopt the sensor centre tap to connect temperature-compensation circuit (anti-jamming circuit) and overcome the interference that variations in temperature on a large scale causes; Adopt pulsewidth discriminator and delay circuit to judge the outflow of slag.Based on the device of said structure, bring corresponding deficiency as follows: 1, simple driving source does not have automatic regulatory function, and the sensor that can't adapt to replacing exists foozle and ladle repeatedly to water the fact that latus rectum enlarges after the steel operation; 2, because ladle has very big thermal capacity, the sensor site temperature changing speed is compared with the slag rate of outflow and is wanted much slow, and slag flows out also to occur over just and waters steel latter stage, in fact variations in temperature can not cause interference extremely slowly, and anti-jamming circuit fails the powerful mechanical, electrical interference that exists in steel mill's environment is suppressed in casting steel with ladle; 3, adopting the result of pulsewidth discriminator and delay circuit is that slag flows out to close between the bag and increased intrinsic time retardation, causes that excessive slag flows into tundish, has influenced whole Device Testing effect.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to design the device that a kind of threshold voltage that adopts the digit-control resistance network divider to regulate driving source automatically, adopts various filter circuits and shielding protection to increase interference free performance, setting voltage comparator obtains to obtain in the casting steel with ladle that instant slag flows out response scoria flow-out signal.
Technical scheme of the present invention is that it comprises: sine-wave oscillator, mutual conductance amplifying circuit, peak-detector circuit, digit-control resistance network divider, filter amplification circuit, voltage comparator circuit, flip and flop generator, monostable flipflop, rest-set flip-flop, relay.The output of sine-wave oscillator is connected with sensor through mutual conductance amplifying circuit, two-core cable, high temperature connector, the output of mutual conductance amplifying circuit connects voltage comparator circuit through peak-detector circuit, filter amplification circuit, the adjustable positive potential of another input termination of voltage comparator circuit, output connects negative potential and connects flip and flop generator by button.The input of digit-control resistance network divider connects the output of the output of peak-detector circuit, fixed stably pressure side, flip and flop generator respectively, the input of the output termination mutual conductance amplifying circuit of digit-control resistance network divider.Flip and flop generator is order steady state trigger and succeed electrical equipment through rest-set flip-flop, triode respectively, and monostable flipflop connects rest-set flip-flop respectively and connects another relay through another triode.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
1) adopt the self-regulating driving source of digit-control resistance network divider, to adapt to sensor in different steel circulations footpath, promptly along with bag increases age, the erosion and its replacing of sensor concentric position nozzle brick latus rectum can both normally detect;
2) adopt various filter circuits and shielding protection to increase the interference free performance of device;
3) threshold voltage of setting voltage comparison circuit obtains instant slag and flows out response.
Therefore new device has good reliability, the high advantage of the degree of accuracy, makes each steel ladle casting reach maximum output of steel, minimum slag flows into the purpose of tundish.The present invention can be applied to the automatic Detection ﹠ Controling of all metallurgical tank tapping pushing off the slag.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a mutual conductance amplifying circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the peak-detector circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is digit-control resistance network divider circuit theory diagrams;
Fig. 5 is the filter amplification circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the voltage comparator circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is a scoria flow-out signal faithful record curve map.
The specific embodiment
Structured flowchart of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, it comprises sine-wave oscillator 1, mutual conductance amplifying circuit 2, peak-detector circuit 6, digit-control resistance network divider 7, filter amplification circuit 8, voltage comparator circuit 9, flip and flop generator 10, monostable flipflop 11, rest-set flip-flop 12, relay.The output of sine-wave oscillator 1 is connected with sensor 5 through mutual conductance amplifying circuit 2, two-core cable 3, high temperature connector 4.The output of mutual conductance amplifying circuit 2 connects voltage comparator circuit 9 through peak-detector circuit 6, filter amplification circuit 8.The adjustable positive potential of another input termination of voltage comparator circuit 9, output connects negative potential and connects flip and flop generator 10 through button.The input of digit-control resistance network divider 7 connects the output of the output of peak-detector circuit 6, fixed stably pressure side Z1, flip and flop generator 10 respectively.The input of the output termination mutual conductance amplifying circuit 2 of digit-control resistance network divider 7, flip and flop generator 10 is order steady state trigger 11 and succeed electrical equipment Js through rest-set flip-flop, triode T2 respectively, and monostable flipflop 11 connects rest-set flip-flop 12 respectively and meets another relay J a through another triode T1.
Detect principle according to current vortex, different medium is passed through at the cell winding center, molten steel or slag, and its impedance meeting changes, and when the sinusoidal current of amplitude stabilization was flowed through cell winding, corresponding variation can take place in its terminal voltage.The sinusoidal voltage that sine-wave oscillator 1 produces among Fig. 1 is through mutual conductance amplifying circuit 2 output sinusoidal currents, through the long shielding two-core cables 3 of tens of rice and high temperature connector 4 flow sensors 5 (at working sensor time normally-closed contact Js be in " opening " state).The b point voltage is a sensor side voltage among the figure, and the output of peak-detector circuit 6 is envelopes of its input amplitude modulated voltage.Because sensor is during normally watering steel, the variable quantity of this envelope voltage is extremely small, therefore can regard as constant roughly.The control that digit-control resistance network divider 7 is accepted from d, e voltage and j pulse is controlled 2 output current amplitude at f point output control voltage, makes the d point voltage be approximately equal to the voltage stabilizing value of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1.The d point voltage has suppressed DC component and various dynamo-electric interference the in the envelope voltage through filter amplification circuit 8, and therefore during normally watering steel, its output becomes the zero level voltage signal of faint fluctuation up and down.Watering steel latter stage, in case following slag, the d point voltage has just increased the variation voltage that the slag conversion takes place constantly, because the high gain characteristics of filter amplification circuit 8, obtained scoria flow-out signal accurately, the threshold voltage that its amplitude will be ordered above the h of the voltage comparator circuit of setting from potentiometer W1 9, the result is that voltage comparator circuit 9 is exported a following slag pulse at once.I point pulse triggered binary trigger 10, its output m point pulse-triggered monostable flipflop 11.Then, 11 output k point pulses make transistor T 1 saturated, relay J a energising, and normally opened contact Ja closure connects electric bell by connector 13 and reports to the police, and connector 14 connects slide gate nozzle and closes bag automatically, and time of fire alarming equals the monostable pulse width.The pulse of k point also triggers rest-set flip-flop 12, and transistor T 2 is ended, relay J s outage, and normally-closed contact Js closure, ladle watered steel and finished this moment, pulled up the plug of the connector 4 of sensor 5, and sensor is left away with ladle.Button K1 one end connects negative supply VEE1, after each ladle is opened and is watered, plug the plug of the connector 4 of sensor 5 earlier, click K1 then, produce negative pulse at the i point, be used for triggering bistable circuit 10, its j point output one tunnel triggers rest-set flip-flop 12, makes transistor T 2 saturated, relay J s energising, normally-closed contact Js opens, and makes the normal access device of sensor.Numerical control resistor network divider 7 is triggered on another road of j point output, adjusts the output current amplitude of mutual conductance amplifying circuit 2 automatically.When adjustment reaches setting value, device enters normal detected state.
The mutual conductance amplifying circuit comprises the voltage-controlled amplifier of being made up of amplifier A1 and FET T3, T4 as shown in Figure 2, the trsanscondutance amplifier that amplifier A2, A3 and transistor T 5～T8 form, the difference amplifier that inverting amplifier that amplifier A4 forms and amplifier A5 form.
Amplifier A1 forms voltage-controlled amplifier among the figure, and FET T3 is a voltage-controlled variable resistance of being controlled by the negative level of amplifier A5 output herein, and the variation of amplifier A5 output level will be controlled the gain of the voltage-controlled amplifier of being made up of amplifier A1.The trsanscondutance amplifier that amplifier A2, A3 and transistor T 5～T8 form is transformed into sinusoidal current with sinusoidal voltage, sensor 5 in output b flow graph 1 and sample resistance R1.Because resistance R 1 is constant, the input c point voltage amplitude of the inverting amplifier of being made up of amplifier A4 is directly proportional with the output current that b is ordered, behind amplifier A4 amplification and diode D1 peak detection, import amplifier A5 simultaneously and carry out their difference amplification with f point DC voltage, amplifier A5 output negative level is adjusted the drain-source resistance of FET T3, thereby adjusts the current amplitude of b point output.Therefore, when circuit elements device timing, b point output current amplitude depends on f point incoming level.
Peak-detector circuit comprises the voltage follower of being made up of amplifier A6 as shown in Figure 3, the frequency-selective amplifier that amplifier A7 and inductance L 1, capacitor C 1 are formed, the voltage follower that peak detector that diode D2, capacitor C 2, resistance R 2 are formed and amplifier A8 form.
Amplifier A6 is a voltage follower among the figure, and input b is a sensor side voltage, it is characterized by carrier wave by the amplitude-modulated wave of the detected slag signal down of sensor modulation.Amplifier A7 forms frequency-selective amplifier, has suppressed the interference outside the passband in by carrier signal.Then through diode D2 peak detection, by the envelope voltage of voltage follower A8 output amplitude-modulated wave.During normally watering steel, this voltage is stably basically.
The digit-control resistance network divider as shown in Figure 4, comprise the voltage comparator of forming by amplifier A9, two-stage NAND gate N1 and differential circuit, the rest-set flip-flop that nor gate O1 forms, controlled 's of forming of NAND gate N2/stop oscillator, a road of binary add counter COUN1 and output thereof meets four two-way switch SW1, and another Lu Jingsi NAND gate N3 meets four two-way switch SW2.
After sensor inserts and presses button K1, the j point rises to positive level, behind two-stage NAND gate N1 and differential circuit, must hold the forward spike of rising edge corresponding to j, trigger 1 end of putting of rest-set flip-flop that nor gate O1 forms through diode D4, make nor gate O1 output remain on high level, this high level makes its maintenance oscillatory regime through the control end that diode D4 is added to controlled 's of being made up of NAND gate N2/left alone without help oscillator.Forward spike corresponding to j end rising edge also makes binary add counter COUN1 zero clearing through diode D5, begins then to count down the pulse number of sending here from the oscillator N2 of CL end input, counts from Binary Zero 000 to 1111 totally 16.Counting is held output by Q1～Q4, and one the tunnel whether 4 series resistances are by short circuit above four two-way switch SW1 control f point, and whether another Lu Jingsi NAND gate N3 and four two-way switch SW2 are done opposite control by short circuit to following 4 series resistances of f point.Resistor network has 10 series resistances, and except that top resistance and earth resistance bottom, controlled resistance is 8.The top of resistor network adds the burning voltage of voltage-stabiliser tube Z3, and the mid point f on resistor network can obtain 16 kinds of intrinsic standoff ratios.When count status was 0000, four resistance more than the f point were all effective, four whole short circuits of resistance that the f point is following, and this moment, the f point voltage was minimum; When count status is 1111, four whole short circuits of resistance that the f point is above, four resistance below the f point are all effective, and this moment, the f point voltage was the highest.Thus, the mid point f on resistor network obtains from 16 grades of initial stepped voltages of a certain voltage, as the control voltage of Fig. 2 circuit.Along with the lifting of f point voltage, the sensor excitation current amplitude increases, and the d level point raises.When the d level point is higher than the e level point of setting, voltage comparator A9 exports high level, behind voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 amplitude limit, two-stage NAND gate N1, differential circuit, must be corresponding to the spike of voltage comparator A9 output rising edge, trigger 0 end of putting of rest-set flip-flop that nor gate O1 forms through diode D3, make nor gate O1 output remain on low level, this low level is ended diode D6, and the controlled/left alone without help oscillator that NAND gate N2 forms keeps the left alone without help state that shakes.Oscillator is left alone without help, and beautiful the driving source that shakes is adjusted program and is finished.In fact, square 2,6,7 and set up element and formed a negative feedback loop among Fig. 1 is one of key technology of apparatus of the present invention.
Filter amplification circuit comprises the in-phase amplifier of being made up of amplifier A10 as shown in Figure 5, the limiting amplifier that two-stage low-pass filter amplifier that amplifier A11, amplifier A13 form and amplifier A12 form.
Envelope voltage is imported from d, imports the in-phase amplifier of being made up of amplifier A10 through electric capacity after straight.The change component that comprises in the envelope voltage is exported from output g behind in-phase amplifier, low-pass filter amplifier and limiting amplifier.In case slag flows out, promptly obtain the enough big scoria flow-out signal of amplitude at the g end.Go back leading-out connector 15 (see figure 1)s from the g point, connect the microcomputer data acquisition card, to detection waveform carry out real time record, storage, history is recollected and print.It is minimum that the filter effect of circuit and shielding process are reduced to various interference, guaranteed that this device has high reliability.
Voltage comparator circuit comprises the voltage follower of being made up of amplifier A14 as shown in Figure 6, the voltage comparator that amplifier A15 forms and two on-off circuits that transistor is formed.
The useful signal that has amplified, i.e. scoria flow-out signal, behind voltage follower with the h point threshold voltage comparison of setting.When the g level point is higher than the h level point, voltage comparator output high level, export high level through the two-staged transistor on-off circuit at output i point, this high level rising edge triggers the bistable circuit 10 among Fig. 1, with the relevant relay work of rear drive, realize the logical transition of whole device circuit state.Obviously, there is not signal lag in this circuit, has guaranteed the accuracy of time slag signal.Regulate potentiometer W1 change h point current potential among Fig. 1, the amount that can regulate the slag outflow satisfies the requirement of output of steel.
This installs used operational amplifier and is high impedance amplifier 3140, and the model of all the other integrated circuits has been marked in each circuit diagram.
Because it has AutoPlay function, embodiments of the invention are very simple, are described below (referring to Fig. 1):
Before the operation more than energising preheating half an hour.When the ladle that sensor 5 is housed watering the steel position in place open water after, the plug on the cable 3 is inserted high temperature connector 4 on the ladle shell.Click button K1, short-circuit contact Js promptly disconnects, the sensor place in circuit, and enter the adjustment state, make the sensor and the mutual coadaptation of circuit of access.After adjustment was finished, device entered normal detected state, and by the electric current of setting, magnitude of voltage operation.Microcomputer is noted at the zero level signal curve of fluctuation slightly up and down, extends to and waters steel latter stage.In case slag flows out, the microcomputer record is scoria flow-out signal down, alarm equipment alarm, and slide gate nozzle is closed ladle, finishes to water steel.Contact Js closure is pulled up the cable connector plug from ladle simultaneously, and empty ladle is left away.Detect after changing ladle to be poured next time.This device can not cut off the power supply, and ground is continuous to be moved.
The present invention nearby has high-power steel-smelting electric furnace and various high-power mechanical-electrical equipment, therefore has powerful mechanical, electrical interference source.Even so, the misoperation that causes from external interference did not appear in the present invention.Because the aforesaid appropriate design of circuit can accurately detect the slag signal, output of steel can unify to satisfy the continuous casting production requirement with the following quantity of slag.Especially adopted the numerical control driving source,, detected effect and have good repeatability in more emat sensor or different bag detections in the length of time.
Faithful record curve as shown in Figure 7, the pulse signal among the figure has shown scoria flow-out signal.When this signal one appearance, relay contact Js is closed at once, and sensor loop is by short circuit, and the g level point also returns zero level at once, and recording curve becomes horizontal linear subsequently, and remains on the zero level.
Claims (2)
1. obtain the device of scoria flow-out signal in the casting steel with ladle, it is characterized in that it comprises: sine-wave oscillator [1], mutual conductance amplifying circuit [2], peak-detector circuit [6], digit-control resistance network divider [7], filter amplification circuit [8], voltage comparator circuit [9], flip and flop generator [10], monostable flipflop [11], rest-set flip-flop [12], relay; The output of sine-wave oscillator [1] is through mutual conductance amplifying circuit [2], two-core cable [3], high temperature connector [4] is connected with sensor [5], the output of mutual conductance amplifying circuit [2] is through peak-detector circuit [6], filter amplification circuit [8] connects voltage comparator circuit [9], the input of voltage comparator circuit [9] also connects adjustable positive potential, output connects negative potential and connects flip and flop generator [10] by button, the input of digit-control resistance network divider [7] connects the output of peak-detector circuit [6] respectively, fixed stably pressure side, the output of flip and flop generator [10], the input of the output termination transconductance amplifier circuit [2] of digit-control resistance network divider [7], flip and flop generator [10] is order steady state trigger [11] and through rest-set flip-flop [12] respectively, triode [T2] is succeeded electrical equipment [Js], and monostable flipflop [11] connects rest-set flip-flop [12] respectively and connects another relay [Ja] through another triode [T1].
2. obtain the device of scoria flow-out signal in the casting steel with ladle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
1) mutual conductance amplifying circuit [2] comprises the voltage-controlled amplifier of being made up of amplifier [A1] and FET [T3, T4], the trsanscondutance amplifier that amplifier [A2, A3] and transistor [T5～T8] are formed, the difference amplifier that inverting amplifier that amplifier [A4] is formed and amplifier [A5] are formed;
2) peak-detector circuit [6]: comprise the voltage follower of forming by amplifier [A6], the frequency-selective amplifier that amplifier [A7] and inductance [L1], electric capacity [C1] are formed, the voltage follower that peak detector that diode [D2], electric capacity [C2], resistance [R2] are formed and amplifier [A8] are formed;
3) digit-control resistance network divider [7]: comprise the voltage comparator of forming by amplifier [A9], two-stage NAND gate [N1] and differential circuit, the rest-set flip-flop that nor gate [O1] is formed, controlled 's of forming of NAND gate [N2]/stop oscillator, a road of binary add counter [COUN1] and output thereof connects four two-way switch [SW1], and another Lu Jingsi NAND gate [N3] connects four two-way switch [SW2];
4) filter amplification circuit [8] comprises the in-phase amplifier of being made up of amplifier [A10], the limiting amplifier that two-stage low-pass filter amplifier that amplifier [A11], amplifier [A13] are formed and amplifier [A12] are formed;
5) voltage comparator circuit [9] comprises the voltage follower of being made up of amplifier [A14], the voltage comparator that amplifier [A15] is formed and two on-off circuits that transistor is formed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01139020 CN1128030C (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2001-11-29 | Device for obtaining slag flow-out signal in casting steel with ladle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01139020 CN1128030C (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2001-11-29 | Device for obtaining slag flow-out signal in casting steel with ladle |
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| CN1359772A CN1359772A (en) | 2002-07-24 |
| CN1128030C true CN1128030C (en) | 2003-11-19 |
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| CN 01139020 Expired - Fee Related CN1128030C (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2001-11-29 | Device for obtaining slag flow-out signal in casting steel with ladle |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7296613B2 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2007-11-20 | Wagstaff, Inc. | Mold table sensing and automation system |
| CN103945958B (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2016-01-20 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | The defect of the failure prediction detection method of slab, the manufacture method of slab, slab produces predicted detection device, possesses the continuous casting equipment that the defect of this slab produces predicted detection device |
| CN103506592B (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2015-08-26 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of continuous-casting steel pouring control method and device |
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