CN112800701B - Design method of reactor and reactor - Google Patents
Design method of reactor and reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112800701B CN112800701B CN202011432700.XA CN202011432700A CN112800701B CN 112800701 B CN112800701 B CN 112800701B CN 202011432700 A CN202011432700 A CN 202011432700A CN 112800701 B CN112800701 B CN 112800701B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F30/30—Circuit design
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
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- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/42—Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils
Abstract
The application discloses a design method of a reactor and the reactor, wherein the design method of the reactor comprises the steps of firstly determining basic parameters of a target circuit to be applied with the reactor to be designed, and then calculating the basic parameters in a preset calculation mode to obtain a first inductance of the reactor to be designed at a power frequency current zero crossing point and a second inductance of the reactor to be designed at a power frequency current peak value. And designing a reactor with an inductance value of a power frequency zero crossing point and an inductance value of a power frequency peak value according to the basic parameters. And if the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point of the reactor is larger than or equal to the value of the first inductance value and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value of the reactor is larger than or equal to the value of the second inductance value, determining that the reactor meets the design requirement. The technical problem that design accuracy is not high when the reactor is manufactured by adopting the high-frequency magnetic material is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of reactors, in particular to a design method of a reactor and the reactor.
Background
The reactor is also called an inductor, and when one conductor is electrified, a magnetic field is generated in a certain space occupied by the conductor, so that all the conductors capable of carrying current have a common sense of inductance.
When the reactor is applied to a target circuit, when magnetic materials with obvious direct current bias (such as iron silicon and iron silicon aluminum) are adopted, the problem of low design precision easily occurs when the reactor is applied to the target circuit due to the limitation of the design method of the existing reactor.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly aims to provide a design method of a reactor, which aims to solve the technical problem that the design precision is not high when the reactor is manufactured by adopting high-frequency magnetic materials.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a method for designing a reactor, the method for designing a reactor comprising:
determining basic parameters of a target circuit to which the reactor to be designed needs to be applied;
calculating the basic parameters in a preset calculation mode to obtain a first inductance value of the reactor to be designed at a power frequency current zero crossing point and a second inductance value of the reactor to be designed at a power frequency current peak value;
designing a reactor with an inductance value of a power frequency zero crossing point and an inductance value of a power frequency peak value according to the basic parameters;
and if the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point of the reactor is larger than or equal to the value of the first inductance value and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value of the reactor is larger than or equal to the value of the second inductance value, determining that the reactor meets the design requirement.
Optionally, the step of designing a reactor with the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value according to the basic parameter further includes:
and when the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point of the reactor is smaller than the value of the first inductance value and/or the inductance value of the power frequency peak value of the reactor is smaller than the value of the second inductance value, determining that the reactor does not meet the design requirement, and returning to execute the design of the reactor with the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value.
Optionally, the first inductance L min0 The calculation mode of (a) is as follows:
setting the ratio of the maximum peak value of the current to the peak value of the input current as lambda:
wherein I is pp ＝λ×I max ；
Wherein I is max For the maximum peak-to-peak value of the current of the target circuit, I pp For the peak value of the input current of the target circuit, V DC For the target circuit bus voltage, f SW Is the carrier frequency of the target circuit.
Optionally, the second inductance L min2 The calculation mode of (a) is as follows:
wherein V is in For the grid line voltage of the target circuit, I PP For the peak value of the input current of the target circuit, V DC For the target circuit bus voltage, f SW Is the carrier frequency of the target circuit.
Optionally, the target circuit is any one of an LCL circuit, a rectifying circuit or an inverter circuit, and the maximum peak-to-peak value of the current is the maximum peak-to-peak value of the reactor ripple current.
Optionally, the step of designing a reactor with an inductance value of a power frequency zero crossing point and an inductance value of a power frequency peak value according to the basic parameter includes:
designing a reactor with an inductance value of a power frequency zero crossing point being greater than or equal to the first inductance value according to the basic parameters;
determining the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity of the reactor according to the magnetic parameters of the reactor;
determining a permeability attenuation coefficient according to the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity;
and determining the inductance value of the power frequency peak value according to the magnetic parameter, the power frequency peak value magnetic field intensity and the magnetic permeability attenuation coefficient.
Optionally, the step of returning to the execution to design a reactor having an inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and an inductance value of the power frequency peak value includes:
changing magnetic parameters of the reactor;
and re-determining the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point according to the magnetic parameters of the reactor after changing the magnetic parameters:
changing magnetic parameters of the reactor;
the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point is redetermined according to the magnetic parameters of the reactor after the magnetic parameters are changed;
determining the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity of the reactor according to the magnetic parameters of the reactor after changing the magnetic parameters;
determining a permeability attenuation coefficient according to the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity;
and determining the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value according to the magnetic parameter, the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity and the magnetic permeability attenuation coefficient.
Optionally, the power frequency peak magnetic field strength is determined according to the following formula:
wherein H is the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity of the reactor, N is the number of turns of the reactor, I PP And l is the magnetic path length of the reactor, and pi is a calculation constant.
Optionally, the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value are determined according to the following formula:
wherein L is min00 Is the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point, L min22 The inductance value of the power frequency peak value is that N is the number of turns of the reactor, I PP For the input current peak value of the target circuit, i is the magnetic path length of the reactor, pi is a calculation constant,z is the attenuation coefficient of magnetic conductivity, and Ae is the magnetic sectional area of the reactor.
Optionally, the step of determining the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value according to the magnetic parameter of the reactor further includes:
and determining the magnetic loss and the line loss of the reactor according to the magnetic parameters and the input current peak value of the target circuit.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application also provides a reactor, which is designed by adopting the design method of the reactor, and the reactor is provided with an iron core, wherein the iron core is two cubes which are oppositely arranged and two cylinders which respectively connect the two cubes.
The design method of the reactor is used for designing a reactor, the design method of the reactor firstly determines basic parameters of a target circuit to be applied with the reactor to be designed, then calculates the basic parameters in a preset calculation mode to obtain a first inductance value of the reactor to be designed at a power frequency current zero crossing point and a second inductance value of the reactor to be designed at a power frequency current peak value, and then designs the reactor with the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value according to the basic parameters. And if the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point of the reactor is larger than or equal to the value of the first inductance value and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value of the reactor is larger than or equal to the value of the second inductance value, determining that the reactor meets the design requirement. In the scheme, the first inductance of the power frequency current zero-crossing point of the target circuit and the second inductance of the power frequency current peak value are calculated separately, the reactor is designed repeatedly and the inductance of the power frequency zero-crossing point of the reactor and the inductance of the power frequency peak value of the reactor are calculated, and are compared with the first inductance and the second inductance respectively, so that whether the reactor meets the design requirement of the target circuit can be judged. By the aid of the scheme, the technical problem that design accuracy is low when the reactor is made of the high-frequency magnetic material is solved, and therefore safety of a circuit with the reactor can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a design method of a reactor according to the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a design method of a reactor according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a time-power frequency current curve of an embodiment of a method for designing a reactor according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the magnetic field strength versus permeability decay factor for one embodiment of the reactor design method of the present application;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a design method of a reactor according to the present application;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing carrier frequency magnetic flux density versus carrier frequency core loss ratio according to an embodiment of a method for designing a reactor according to the present application;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a design method of a reactor according to the present application;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a design method of a reactor according to the present application;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a design method of a reactor according to the present application;
fig. 10 is a graph of time-frequency current for a reactor of the present application.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
Technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and if descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are provided in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying that the number of indicated technical features is indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
The application provides a design method of a reactor, which aims to solve the technical problem of low design precision when the reactor is manufactured by adopting high-frequency magnetic materials. In the technical scheme of the application, the magnetic materials with obvious direct current bias (such as iron silicon and iron silicon aluminum) are equivalent to the high-frequency magnetic materials (such as iron silicon and iron silicon aluminum).
In the exemplary technique, the reactor is generally implemented using three design methods, in which a designer first sets a target ripple current, and then obtains a reactor inductance according to equation 1.
Wherein I is pp For the peak value of the input current of the target circuit, V BUS For the target circuit bus voltage, f SW carrier frequency Is the carrier frequency of the target circuit.
In the design method 1, however, there is a risk that the ripple wave is large at the time of the power frequency current peak, because: the equation 2 can be simply deduced, and the equation 1 obtains the sensing requirement of the target ripple current when the power frequency current is in the zero crossing point moment.
Wherein V is ripple voltage, and L is inductance. In the design process, the inductance requirement is the largest in the full power frequency period, and the inductance requirement is linearly reduced along with the trend of the power frequency voltage to the peak value, but the inductance required for fixing the ripple current and the inductance required for the magnetic material under the corresponding field intensity are simultaneously reduced along with the rise of the power frequency transient current by considering the nonlinear attenuation curve in the direct current bias characteristics of the magnetic materials such as the iron silicon and the like, and the inductance required for reducing the inductance can be larger than Yu Wenbo current in the process is completely dependent on the curve characteristics of the selected magnetic material. Once the curve characteristic of the magnetic material cannot meet the required inductance of the ripple current, the ripple current exceeds the design requirement.
In the second design method, the direct current bias characteristic of the magnetic material is considered, and after the direct current bias field intensity is obtained according to the power frequency current peak value, the magnetic conductivity coefficient of the used magnetic material under the field intensity is obtained. The inductance obtained in the method 1 is divided by the magnetic permeability coefficient to obtain the design inductance of the reactor.
The second design method can obtain the inductance required for meeting the design ripple current, but the inductance margin is large, and unnecessary waste is caused in the aspects of volume, cost and the like.
In a third design method, for the ripple current at the power frequency peak current, the ripple current at the corresponding peak value is derived based on equation 2, see equation 3:
wherein V is in For the grid line voltage, I PP To input the current peak value, V BUS For bus voltage, f Carrier frequency Is the carrier frequency. And obtaining a corresponding magnetic permeability coefficient according to the power frequency current peak value, and dividing the inductance obtained by the formula 3 by the magnetic permeability coefficient to obtain the designed inductance of the reactor. Although the ripple wave at the power frequency current peak value can be ensured by the method, the ripple wave size of the zero crossing point is determined by the actually selected magnetic material characteristics. The situation that the zero-crossing carrier frequency inductance margin is larger or the ripple wave is larger can occur in a large probability.
The three methods finally result in larger inductance margin or larger ripple wave, and the magnetic material is always optimized and solved by changing the magnetic material (the type of the magnetic material is unchanged and only different magnetic conductivities are changed) in the design. This also results in the industry having "using iron-silicon based magnetic materials, the maximum ripple current occurring at the peak. "one category" of parlance.
In the application, the design method of the reactor comprises the following steps:
s1, determining basic parameters of a target circuit to which a reactor to be designed needs to be applied;
the basic parameters are determined by a target circuit of the reactor to be designed according to the requirement, and the basic parameters of the target circuit comprise and are not limited to the voltage of a power network line, the voltage of a bus, rated power, power frequency, carrier frequency, efficiency and power factor. It should be noted that, if the reactor to be designed needs to be applied to the rectifying circuit, the target circuit is the rectifying circuit, and the value of the basic parameter is determined by the specific circuit of the rectifying circuit.
S2, calculating the basic parameters in a preset calculation mode to obtain a first inductance value of the reactor to be designed at a power frequency current zero crossing point and a second inductance value of the reactor to be designed at a power frequency current peak value;
the preset calculation mode is customized by a user or simulation is performed by simulation software according to a certain calculation mode. At this time, the first inductance of the reactor to be designed at the power frequency current zero-crossing point is actually the minimum inductance of the reactor to be designed (the reactor to be designed) at the power frequency current zero-crossing point in the target circuit, and the second inductance of the reactor to be designed at the power frequency current peak value is actually the minimum inductance of the reactor to be designed (the reactor to be designed) at the power frequency current peak value in the target circuit. The minimum inductance of the power frequency current zero crossing point and the minimum inductance of the power frequency current peak value are limited in a preset calculation mode, and the ratio of the maximum peak value of the ripple current to the input current peak value can be limited under a certain ratio.
S3, designing a reactor with an inductance value of a power frequency zero crossing point and an inductance value of a power frequency peak value according to the basic parameters;
since the basic parameter is a circuit parameter, the reactor cannot be directly obtained, and therefore, it is necessary to design a reactor in advance with reference to the basic parameter. This process may be implemented by a calculator matching the values. If a parameter library of different reactors is established, the reactors with proper parameters are matched when the basic parameters are known. At the moment, the inductance value of the reactor at the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value can be directly calculated and obtained after the relevant magnetic parameters are determined according to the design processes of magnetic material matching, coil turns matching and the like.
And S4, if the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point of the reactor is larger than or equal to the value of the first inductance value, and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value of the reactor is larger than or equal to the value of the second inductance value, determining that the reactor meets the design requirement.
In the scheme, the first inductance of the power frequency current zero crossing point of the target circuit and the second inductance of the power frequency current peak value are calculated separately, the reactor is designed repeatedly and the inductance of the power frequency zero crossing point of the reactor and the inductance of the power frequency peak value of the reactor are calculated, and are compared with the first inductance and the second inductance respectively, so that whether the reactor meets the design requirement of the target circuit can be judged. Therefore, the technical problem that the design accuracy is not high when the reactor is made of high-frequency magnetic materials is solved, and the safety of a circuit with the reactor is further improved.
The following are examples of the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods in the exemplary technique compared with the design method of the present application
Table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the table, the design method of the application not only controls the inductance of ripple wave at zero crossing point and peak value within a certain range without bigger condition, but also reduces the volume, cost and loss of the reactor, and also relatively balances each point ripple wave in the power frequency period.
The theoretical basis of the application is illustrated by taking an LCL circuit as an example, wherein the magnetic material of the reactor adopts iron silicon as a reactor iron core, the minimum inductance value required by each working point is obtained in a calculation mode by analyzing the detailed working condition of the reactor at each working point, and the magnetic conductivity direct current bias curve of the iron silicon magnetic material is respectively compared with the inductance requirement of each working condition, so that the most economical and reasonable iron silicon reactor meeting each working condition of the reactor is designed. The circuit diagram of the LCL circuit is implemented with reference to fig. 2, and a time-power frequency current curve of the reactor L1 therein is shown in fig. 3:
1. power frequency current zero crossing point
The transient value of the power frequency current is 0, and the transient value comprises three points a, e and i shown in figure 3.
According to the modulation principle, under the condition that the phase of the power frequency current is basically consistent with the phase of the alternating voltage, the filter inductor L1 bears the maximum voltage differenceThe ripple current is therefore maximized. At this time, the dc bias current received by the ferromagnetic core of the reactor was 0A. Wherein V is BUS Is the bus voltage.
2. Power frequency current peak
The transient value of the power frequency current is I max or-I max Comprising points c and g shown in fig. 3.
Characteristics A: according to the modulation principle, under the condition that the phase of the power frequency current is basically consistent with the phase of the alternating voltage, the filter inductor L1 bears the minimum voltage differenceThe ripple current is minimal. Wherein V is BUS Is the bus voltage.
Characteristics B: the DC bias current obtained by the ferromagnetic core of the reactor is the maximum value I max 。
3. Between the zero-crossing point and the peak value of the power frequency current
The transient value of the power frequency current is sin (omega multiplied by t) multiplied by I max Or-sin (omega×t) ×I max Comprising two points b, d, f, h shown in fig. 3.
According to equation 4, the carrier frequency ripple current varies linearly with the transient input voltage V.
The DC bias current obtained by the ferromagnetic core of the reactor shows sinusoidal regular change along with the transient input voltage.
According to the DC bias curve characteristics of the ferromagnetic materials shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 10, the magnetic permeability sequentially experiences a low rate of change as the magnetic field strength increases linearly>Inflection point 1>High rate of change>Inflection point 2>Low change rate, so long as the power frequency is maximum current I max And the corresponding magnetic field intensity is smaller than the inflection point 2, and the actual effective inductance of any point between the power frequency current zero-crossing point and the peak value is larger than the linear change value of the inductance corresponding to the power frequency current zero-crossing point and the peak value point. Namely:
therefore, only the inductance of the power frequency current zero crossing point and the inductance L of the power frequency current peak value are needed Power frequency peak point The ripple requirement is met, and the sensing quantity of the area between the ripple requirement and the sensing quantity of the area can meet the ripple current requirement at the corresponding moment. Wherein H is Point b For the magnetic field intensity corresponding to the power frequency current at the point b, H Inflection point 2 For the magnetic field intensity corresponding to the power frequency current with the inflection point of 2, H Maximum value Is the power frequency current peak valueWhen the magnetic field intensity corresponds to the power frequency current. L (L) Point b The inductance value is the inductance value of the power frequency current b point.
There is a formula in figure 4 for a,
wherein a, d, c, d can be realized by the values as exemplified in table 4 or fig. 4, H is the magnetic field strength.
| μ | a | b | c | d |
| 26 | 98.2839 | 474.1071 | 2.0630 | 1.2678 |
| 40 | 98.8454 | 252.2772 | 1.9015 | 0.8192 |
| 60 | 94.4753 | 146.0936 | 2.1489 | 4.8885 |
| 75 | 99.2911 | 106.2414 | 1.7476 | 1.5656 |
| 90 | 99.6613 | 85.3248 | 1.7475 | 1.3639 |
TABLE 4 Table 4
The dashed line shown in fig. 4 is used to cooperatively understand that when the maximum magnetic field strength is smaller than the inflection point 2, the permeability attenuation coefficient (Y-axis) is always much larger than the straight line between the zero crossing point of the power frequency current and the maximum field strength (i.e. based on the 1, in order to maintain the current ripple unchanged, the change trend of the inductance L along with the bearing of the inductance), and the x-coordinate of fig. 4 is the logarithmic axis, but the relationship is clear. Fig. 4 illustrates an example of a commercially available NPF series ferromagnetic material, and shows that due to the curve characteristic of the magnetic material, the permeability in the left region of the inflection point 2 is necessarily equal to or greater than the permeability of a straight line between the direct bias field strength (power frequency current zero crossing point) and the maximum field strength (power frequency current peak point).
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the step of designing a reactor with an inductance value of a power frequency zero crossing point and an inductance value of a power frequency peak value according to the basic parameters further includes:
and S6, if the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point of the reactor is smaller than the value of the first inductance value and/or the inductance value of the power frequency peak value of the reactor is smaller than the value of the second inductance value, determining that the reactor does not meet the design requirement, and returning to execute the design of the reactor with the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value.
In the above embodiment, if the inductance value of the power frequency zero-crossing point of the reactor is smaller than the value of the first inductance value and the inductance value of the power frequency peak of the reactor is smaller than the value of the second inductance value, both conditions need to be satisfied simultaneously or any one of them, if the inductance value of the former group of any one group is larger than or equal to the inductance value of the latter group, for example, the inductance value of the power frequency peak of the reactor is smaller than the value of the second inductance value, it indicates that the inductance value of the power frequency peak of the designed reactor exceeds the design requirement, and if the inductance value of the power frequency zero-crossing point of the reactor is smaller than the value of the first inductance value, it indicates that the inductance value of the power frequency zero-crossing point of the designed reactor exceeds the design requirement, and the above cases need to redesign the reactor.
Optionally, the target circuit is any one of an LCL circuit, a rectifying circuit or an inverter circuit, and the maximum peak-to-peak value of the current is the maximum peak-to-peak value of the reactor ripple current.
In an embodiment, the first inductance L min0 The calculation mode of (a) is as follows:
setting the ratio of the maximum peak value of the current to the peak value of the input current as lambda:
wherein I is pp ＝λ×I max ；
Wherein I is max For the maximum peak-to-peak value of the current of the target circuit, I pp For the peak value of the input current of the target circuit, V DC For the target circuit bus voltage, f SW Is the carrier frequency of the target circuit.
In the present application, the target circuit is taken as the LCL circuit to describe the value process of the first inductance, and the basic parameters of the target circuit are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
Based on the above parameters, the effective value I of the current is input at this time IN ：
Peak value of input current I IN_PEAK ：
At this time, according to the calculation method of the first inductance, the ratio of the maximum peak-to-peak current value of the rectifying side reactor to the peak current value of the input current is set as lambda n ＝23％：
The maximum peak-to-peak value I of the current of the rectifying side reactor L1_rip_pp The method comprises the following steps:
I L1_rip_pp ＝λ n ×I IN_PEAK ＝23.399A
from this, the maximum effective value I of the ripple current of the rectifying side reactor L1 is obtained L1_pp The method comprises the following steps:
at this time, 2 sets of formulas exist according to different reactor magnetic materials:
formula a: at the zero crossing point of the power frequency current, the inductance of the reactor is as follows:
in an embodiment, the second inductance L min2 The calculation mode of (a) is as follows:
wherein V is in For the target circuitGrid line voltage, I PP For the peak value of the input current of the target circuit, V DC For the target circuit bus voltage, f SW Is the carrier frequency of the target circuit.
The second inductance is the minimum inductance of the power frequency current peak value, namely the inductance of the reactor under the action of the maximum bias current is:
according to a calculation formula of the first inductance value and a calculation formula of the second inductance value, determining the inductance value of the rectifying side reactor:
L 1 (zero crossing point) ＝0.5mH
L 1 (Peak value) ＝0.16mH。
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the step of designing a reactor with an inductance value of a power frequency zero crossing point and an inductance value of a power frequency peak value according to the basic parameters includes:
s31, designing a reactor with an inductance value of a power frequency zero crossing point being greater than or equal to the first inductance value according to the basic parameters;
when the magnetic material and the parameters of the reactor are selected, the inductor value meeting the power frequency zero crossing point is larger than or equal to the first inductance value as a requirement, and when the magnetic parameters of the matched reactor meet the requirement of the first inductance value, the reactor meets the primary design requirement.
S32, determining the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity of the reactor according to the magnetic parameters of the reactor;
wherein H is the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity of the reactor, N is the number of turns of the reactor, I PP And l is the magnetic path length of the reactor, and pi is a calculation constant.
S33, determining a permeability attenuation coefficient according to the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity;
the above procedure can be obtained by a graph of magnetic field strength versus permeability decay coefficient as shown in fig. 4.
S34, determining the inductance value of the power frequency peak value according to the magnetic parameter, the power frequency peak value magnetic field intensity and the magnetic permeability attenuation coefficient.
Optionally, the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value are determined according to the following formula:
wherein Lmin 00 Is the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point, lmin 22 The inductance value of the power frequency peak value is that N is the number of turns of the reactor, I PP And l is the magnetic path length of the reactor, pi is a calculation constant, Z is a permeability attenuation coefficient and Ae is the magnetic cross section of the reactor.
Based on the above embodiment, obtain
The designed reactor needs to satisfy both equations 12 and 13 and design the parameters of the core accordingly. The design can lead the reactor with the ferromagnetic core to be suitable for higher carrier frequency application, and further deepens the high frequency and miniaturization of the reactor.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the step of returning to the execution of designing a reactor having an inductance value of a power frequency zero crossing and an inductance value of a power frequency peak value includes:
s61, changing magnetic parameters of the reactor;
at this time, the changing is based on the design process that is performed again when the magnetic parameter of the designed reactor meets the requirement of the first inductance but does not meet the requirement of the second inductance, and at this time, the changing is achieved by modifying the number of turns of the reactor, the magnetic core, etc., and it is noted that after changing the relevant parameter, the reactor may not meet the requirement of the first inductance nor the requirement of the second inductance. The trend of the change is not fixed.
S62, redetermining the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point according to the magnetic parameters of the reactor after changing the magnetic parameters;
wherein Lmin 00 The power frequency zero-crossing point is the inductance value of the power frequency zero-crossing point, N is the number of turns of the reactor, l is the magnetic path length of the reactor, pi is a calculation constant, Z is a permeability attenuation coefficient, and Ae is the magnetic cross section of the reactor. Mu is the magnetic permeability of the reactor.
S63, determining the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity of the reactor according to the magnetic parameters of the reactor after the magnetic parameters are changed;
optionally, the power frequency peak magnetic field strength is determined according to the following formula:
wherein H is the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity of the reactor, N is the number of turns of the reactor, I PP And l is the magnetic path length of the reactor, and pi is a calculation constant.
S64, determining a permeability attenuation coefficient according to the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity;
the above procedure can be obtained by a graph of magnetic field strength versus permeability decay coefficient as shown in fig. 4.
S65, determining the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value according to the magnetic parameter, the power frequency peak value magnetic field intensity and the magnetic permeability attenuation coefficient Z.
Optionally, the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value are determined according to the following formula:
wherein Lmin 00 Is the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point, lmin 22 The inductance value of the power frequency peak value is that N is the number of turns of the reactor, I PP And l is the magnetic path length of the reactor, pi is a calculation constant, Z is a permeability attenuation coefficient and Ae is the magnetic cross section of the reactor.
Based on the above embodiment, obtain/>
The designed reactor needs to satisfy both equations 12 and 13 and design the parameters of the core accordingly. The design can lead the reactor with the ferromagnetic core to be suitable for higher carrier frequency application, and further deepens the high frequency and miniaturization of the reactor.
How the design of the reactor is performed is described below with reference to electromagnetic parameters and structures of the reactor as shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 Table 3
Wherein, magnetic column cross-sectional area:
top plate tile cross section:
Sa 2 ＝h .bp ×W .bp ＝6.665cm 2
the smaller value of the two is selected as the effective sectional area of the magnetic core:
Ae 1 ＝6.158cm 2
setting a magnetic column gap:
C bp ＝22mm
magnetic path length:
LD 1 ＝2×(he .bp +W .bp +le .bp +C bp )＝23.1cm
static permeability:
/>
note that: non-standard units. L1 units: nH; LD1 units: cm; n1 units: a turn; ae1 units:
cm2; mu has no unit.
Note that: non-standard units. N1 units: a turn; IIN_PEAK units: a, A is as follows; LD1 units: cm;
h1 units: oe.
The permeability coefficient under the magnetic field strength is found according to the dc bias curve of fig. 4:
Kμ 1 ＝30％
verifying a target inductance corresponding to the peak current:
L min00 ＝L 1(102A) ＝Kμ 1 ×L 1(0A) ＝159.5μH
because of the inductance value L of the power frequency zero crossing point of the reactor 1(0A) L min00 Inductance value L larger than first inductance value of LCL circuit and power frequency peak value 1(102A) And the second inductance is larger than that of the LCL circuit, so that the reactor meets the design requirement.
Magnetic induction intensity:
B 1 ＝Kμ 1 ×μ 0 ×μ 1 ×H 1 ＝0.456T。
in an embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the step of determining the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value according to the magnetic parameter of the reactor further includes:
s5, determining the magnetic loss and the line loss of the reactor according to the magnetic parameters and the input current peak value of the target circuit.
Industrial frequency magnetic flux density:
carrier frequency magnetic flux density:
wherein the magnetic losses are as shown in FIG. 6, according to the formulas listed in FIGS. 6 and 6 aboveWorking out the power frequency and carrier frequency core loss rate:
wherein f is the current frequency, and the unit is kHZ, B m Is carrier frequency magnetic flux density, and has the unit of Kgauss and P CV The unit is mW/cm for carrier frequency iron loss rate 3
P Industrial frequency iron silicon loss ＝10.1687×B Industrial frequency 1 2.1605 ×f n +0.0245×(B Industrial frequency 1 ×f n ) 2 ＝13.652
P Carrier frequency iron silicon loss ＝10.1687×B Carrier frequency 1 2.1605 ×f SW +0.0245×(B Carrier frequency 1 ×f SW ) 2 ＝26.198
Iron loss ratio sum:
iron core volume V Iron silicon 1 ＝2×(L .bp ×h .bp ×W .bp +Sa 1 ×he .bp )＝168.215cm 3
Iron loss:
P single-phase iron silicon 1 ＝P Total 1 ×V Iron silicon 1 ＝6.703W
P Three-phase iron silicon 1 ＝3×P Single-phase iron silicon 1 ＝20.109W
Current density:
winding wire length:
L copper wire ＝π×(W Cu +le .bp )×N 1 ＝6.377m
Power frequency skin depth:
carrier frequency skin depth:
effective cross-sectional area of power frequency: s is S Rectifying side power frequency ＝W Cu ×H Cu ＝9.1mm 2
Carrier frequency effective cross-sectional area: s is S Rectifying side carrier frequency ＝W Cu ×H Cu ＝9.1mm 2
Effective impedance of power frequency:
carrier frequency effective impedance:
effective power frequency loss:
P rectifying side power frequency copper loss ＝3×I IN 2 ×R Rectifying side power frequency ＝190.409W
Carrier frequency effective loss:
P carrier frequency copper loss at rectifying side ＝3×I L1_rip_pp 2 ×R Rectifying side carrier frequency ＝1.679W
Line loss of rectifying side reactor:
P copper loss at rectifying side ＝(P Rectifying side power frequency copper loss +P Carrier frequency copper loss at rectifying side )＝192.088W
Rectifying side reactor loss totaling
P Rectifying side reactor ＝P Three-phase iron silicon 1 +P Copper loss at rectifying side ＝212.197W
The results were evaluated under the same electrical specifications using three methods in the exemplary technique:
if the first method is adopted:
the magnetic core type selection deviation is necessarily caused only by the condition that the static inductance is required to be larger than 0.427mH without considering the direct current bias influence caused by the peak current, so that the magnetic permeability at the peak current is seriously attenuated, and the ripple current at the peak is higher.
If the second method is adopted:
the inductance at the zero crossing point and the peak value is excessively large, and the volume and the cost of the reactor are increased.
If a third method is adopted:
the bias of the magnetic core type selection can be caused by the condition that the peak inductance is required to be larger than 0.16mH, so that the ripple current of the zero crossing point is higher or the inductance margin is overlarge.
The application also provides a reactor which is designed by adopting the design method of the reactor, and referring to table 3, the reactor is provided with an iron core, wherein the iron core is provided with two cubes which are oppositely arranged and two cylinders which respectively connect the two cubes.
It should be noted that, because the reactor of the present application includes all embodiments of the method for designing a reactor described above, the reactor of the present application has all the advantages of the method for designing a reactor described above, and will not be described herein.
The foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application is merely an optional embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the application, and all equivalent structural modifications made by the present application in the light of the present application, the description of which and the accompanying drawings, or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the application.
Claims (7)
1. A design method of a reactor for designing a reactor, the design method comprising:
determining basic parameters of a target circuit to which the reactor to be designed needs to be applied;
calculating the basic parameters in a preset calculation mode to obtain a first inductance value of the reactor to be designed at a power frequency current zero crossing point and a second inductance value of the reactor to be designed at a power frequency current peak value;
designing a reactor with an inductance value of a power frequency zero crossing point and an inductance value of a power frequency peak value according to the basic parameters;
if the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point of the reactor is larger than or equal to the value of the first inductance value, and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value of the reactor is larger than or equal to the value of the second inductance value, determining that the reactor meets the design requirement;
the step of designing a reactor with the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value according to the basic parameters further comprises the following steps:
when the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point of the reactor is smaller than the value of the first inductance value and/or the inductance value of the power frequency peak value of the reactor is smaller than the value of the second inductance value, determining that the reactor does not meet the design requirement, and returning to execute the design of the reactor with the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value;
the step of designing the reactor with the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value according to the basic parameters comprises the following steps:
designing a reactor with an inductance value of a power frequency zero crossing point being greater than or equal to the first inductance value according to the basic parameters;
determining the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity of the reactor according to the magnetic parameters of the reactor;
determining a permeability attenuation coefficient according to the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity;
determining an inductance value of a power frequency peak value according to the magnetic parameter, the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity and the magnetic permeability attenuation coefficient;
the step of executing the reactor with the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value comprises the following steps:
changing magnetic parameters of the reactor;
the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point is redetermined according to the magnetic parameters of the reactor after the magnetic parameters are changed;
determining the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity of the reactor according to the magnetic parameters of the reactor after changing the magnetic parameters;
determining a permeability attenuation coefficient according to the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity;
and determining and measuring the inductance value of the power frequency peak value according to the magnetic parameter, the power frequency peak value magnetic field intensity and the magnetic permeability attenuation coefficient.
2. The method for designing a reactor according to claim 1, wherein the first inductance L min0 The calculation mode of (a) is as follows:
setting the ratio of the maximum peak value of the current to the peak value of the input current as lambda:
wherein I is pp ＝λ×I max ；
Wherein I is max For the maximum peak-to-peak value of the current of the target circuit, I pp For the peak value of the input current of the target circuit, V DC For the target circuit bus voltage, f SW Is the carrier frequency of the target circuit.
3. The reactor design method according to claim 1, characterized in that the second inductance L min2 The calculation mode of (a) is as follows:
wherein V is in For the grid line voltage of the target circuit, I PP For the peak value of the input current of the target circuit, V DC For the target circuit bus voltage, f SW Is the carrier frequency of the target circuit.
4. A method of designing a reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the target circuit is any one of an LCL circuit, a rectifying circuit, and an inverter circuit, and the maximum peak-to-peak value of the current is a maximum peak-to-peak value of a ripple current of the reactor.
5. The reactor design method of claim 1, wherein the power frequency peak magnetic field strength is determined according to the following formula:
wherein H is the power frequency peak magnetic field intensity of the reactor, N is the number of turns of the reactor, I PP And l is the magnetic path length of the reactor, and pi is a calculation constant.
6. The reactor design method of claim 1, wherein the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point and the inductance value of the power frequency peak value are determined according to the following formula:
wherein L is min00 Is the inductance value of the power frequency zero crossing point, L min22 The inductance value of the power frequency peak value is that N is the number of turns of the reactor, I PP And l is the magnetic path length of the reactor, pi is a calculation constant, Z is a magnetic permeability attenuation coefficient, ae is the magnetic cross section area of the reactor, and mu is the magnetic permeability of the reactor.
7. A reactor, characterized in that it is designed by adopting the method for designing a reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and that the reactor has an iron core having two cubes disposed opposite to each other and two cylinders connecting the two cubes, respectively.
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