CN112798376A - Application of silicon-implanted body in distinguishing cigarette quality - Google Patents
Application of silicon-implanted body in distinguishing cigarette quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN112798376A CN112798376A CN202110067412.7A CN202110067412A CN112798376A CN 112798376 A CN112798376 A CN 112798376A CN 202110067412 A CN202110067412 A CN 202110067412A CN 112798376 A CN112798376 A CN 112798376A
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- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021486 amorphous silicon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004173 biogeochemical cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003571 electronic cigarette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008451 emotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/2813—Producing thin layers of samples on a substrate, e.g. smearing, spinning-on
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides application of a silicon-implanted body in distinguishing cigarette quality, and belongs to the technical field of cigarette quality distinguishing. The cake-shaped silicon-implanted body provided by the invention can distinguish the cigarette quality. The high-grade tobacco can detect the round cake-shaped silicon-planted body under the 100-time and 400-time microscopes, and the middle-grade tobacco and the low-grade tobacco can not detect the round cake-shaped silicon-planted body under the 100-time and 400-time microscopes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cigarette quality differentiation, in particular to application of a silicon implant in cigarette quality differentiation.
Background
The tobacco and the tobacco products thereof are mainly used for evaluating the sensory quality of cigarette products through the sensory evaluation of cigarette experts. However, there are a number of disadvantages to this fully manual-dependent sensory assessment. The assessment result is easily influenced by factors such as expert knowledge structure, emotion and surrounding environment, is often ambiguous and inaccurate, and needs a lot of time and financial resources. And cigarette sensory evaluation has a certain negative effect on the physical health of cigarette experts. Meanwhile, smokers and ordinary people have no professional knowledge, and the quality of cigarettes is difficult to directly evaluate through sensory evaluation.
The silicon-implanted body is an amorphous silicon dioxide mineral which develops in the cell tissues or among the cells of higher plants, and has the characteristics of small size, high yield, wide distribution, high temperature resistance, decomposition resistance, in-situ deposition, clear classification meaning, strong element wrapping capacity and the like. The silicon-planted body can provide key clues in aspects of ancient climate, ancient ecology, human activities and the like for research of sedimentary strata and archaeological sites lacking large fossil heritage, and can make up the defect of identifying gramineous plants by sporopollen form particularly through identifying different subfamilies, families, genera and even first-class species of the gramineous silicon-planted body. For over 30 years, silicon-on-insulator has been widely used in the fields of ancient climate, ancient ecology, environmental archaeology, agricultural archaeology, biogeochemical cycle and the like. However, there is no report in the prior art that the silicon implant is used to distinguish the quality of cigarettes.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to an application of a silicon-on-disc body in distinguishing the quality of cigarettes.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides application of a cake-shaped silicon implant in distinguishing cigarette quality.
Preferably, the application comprises the following steps:
1) oxidizing the tobacco shreds of the cigarette to obtain oxides;
2) preparing the oxide obtained in the step 1) into a slide;
3) carrying out microscopic observation on the slide obtained in the step 2), wherein when the round cake-shaped silicon implant is observed, the cigarette is high-grade cigarette;
and when the cake-shaped silicon-implanted body cannot be observed, the cigarette is medium-grade cigarette or low-grade cigarette.
Preferably, the number of cigarettes in the step 1) is more than 5.
Preferably, the reagent used in the oxidation of step 1) comprises concentrated nitric acid.
Preferably, the reagent used for the oxidation further comprises perchloric acid.
Preferably, the reagent used in the tableting of step 2) comprises a neutral gum.
Preferably, the step 3) is performed by microscopic observation by using a microscope, and the observation time is more than 100 times.
The invention provides application of a silicon implant in distinguishing cigarette quality. The cake-shaped silicon-implanted body provided by the invention can distinguish the cigarette quality.
The results of the embodiments of the present invention show that: the high-grade tobacco can detect the round cake-shaped silicon-planted body under the 100-time and 400-time microscopes, and the middle-grade tobacco and the low-grade tobacco can not detect the round cake-shaped silicon-planted body under the 100-time and 400-time microscopes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microscopic result (100 times) of the cigarette of example 3;
FIG. 2 is a microscopic result (100 times) of the cigarette of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a microscopic result (100 times) of the cigarette of example 2;
FIG. 4 is a view showing a pie-shaped silicon-on-insulator (400 times microscope) of the high-grade tobacco of example 3, with red lines representing 25 μm;
FIG. 5 shows microscopic results (100 times) of the cigarette of example 4;
figure 6 is a micrograph (100 x) of the cigarette of example 5.
Detailed Description
The invention provides application of a cake-shaped silicon implant in distinguishing cigarette quality. In the present invention, the cigarette preferably refers to a common cigarette, and does not include electronic cigarettes, smokeless tobacco products (buccal cigarettes, snuff and chewing cigarettes) and other tobacco products (hookahs and Chinese herbal medicine-containing cigarette products). In the present invention, the cigarette is preferably commercially available.
In the present invention, the application preferably comprises the steps of:
1) oxidizing the tobacco shreds of the cigarette to obtain oxides;
2) preparing the oxide obtained in the step 1) into a slide;
3) carrying out microscopic observation on the slide obtained in the step 2), wherein when the round cake-shaped silicon implant is observed, the cigarette is high-grade cigarette;
and when the cake-shaped silicon-implanted body cannot be observed, the cigarette is medium-grade cigarette or low-grade cigarette.
The high-grade cigarette refers to a high-grade brand cigarette or a high-price cigarette; low-grade cigarette refers to a low-price cigarette; the middle-grade cigarette refers to a cigarette with the grade between that of high-grade cigarette and that of low-grade cigarette.
The invention oxidizes the tobacco shred of the cigarette to obtain the oxide. In the present invention, the number of cigarettes is preferably 5 or more. In the invention, if the number of cigarettes is too small, the extracted silicon-implanted bodies are too few to distinguish, and if the number of cigarettes is too large, waste is caused. In the invention, the reagent used for oxidation preferably comprises concentrated nitric acid, and the method for oxidizing the cut tobacco by the concentrated nitric acid is not particularly limited, and a conventional method for oxidizing the cut tobacco by the concentrated nitric acid can be adopted. When a small amount of a substance extremely difficult to oxidize is present after the oxidation with concentrated nitric acid, the oxidation is further preferably performed with perchloric acid. The conditions for the oxidation of perchloric acid in the present invention are not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can operate according to the conventional techniques. In the present invention, the obtained oxide is preferably washed with distilled water and absolute ethanol in this order and then tabletted. In the present invention, the agent for tableting preferably includes a neutral gum, and the method of tableting is not particularly limited in the present invention and may be performed by a person skilled in the art according to a conventional procedure. In the present invention, microscopic observation is preferably performed using a microscope, and the observation magnification is preferably 100 times or more, more preferably 400 times or more.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following detailed description of the invention is given in conjunction with examples, which should not be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Low-grade cigarettes: brand JINSHENG, common cigarette.
Taking 5 cigarettes, removing the filter tip and the cigarette paper from each cigarette, and leaving the tobacco shreds.
Putting tobacco shred into 100mL beaker, adding 40mL concentrated HNO3Standing for 48 hr, heating on electric heating plate, and repeatedly adding concentrated HNO3Completely oxidatively decomposing organic matter into soluble compound, adding small amount of perchloric acid HClO into small amount of substance extremely difficult to oxidize4Until the solution is colorless or clear, the sample is oxidized into powder. After cooling the sample, it was centrifuged with distilled water (5000 r. min)-110min) 3 times, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifugally cleaning for 2 times, finally leaving turbid matters at the bottom of the test tube, flaking the turbid matters by neutral gum, and placing the prepared slide glass under a microscope for observation.
Example 2
Middle-grade cigarettes: brand JINSHENG, common cigarette.
Taking 5 cigarettes, removing the filter tip and the cigarette paper from each cigarette, and leaving the tobacco shreds.
Putting tobacco shred into 100mL beaker, adding 40mL concentrated HNO3Standing for 48 hr, heating on electric heating plate, and repeatedly adding concentrated HNO3Completely oxidatively decomposing organic matter into soluble compound, adding small amount of perchloric acid HClO into small amount of substance extremely difficult to oxidize4Until the solution is colorless or clear, the sample is oxidized into powder. After cooling the sample, it was centrifuged with distilled water (5000 r. min)-110min) 3 times, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifugally cleaning for 2 times, finally leaving turbid matters at the bottom of the test tube, flaking the turbid matters by neutral gum, and placing the prepared slide glass under a microscope for observation.
Example 3
High-grade cigarettes: brand JINSHENG, common cigarette.
Taking 5 cigarettes, removing the filter tip and the cigarette paper from each cigarette, and leaving the tobacco shreds.
Putting tobacco shred into 100mL beaker, adding 40mL concentrated HNO3After standing for 48 hours, add on the electric hot plateHot, repeated addition of concentrated HNO3Completely oxidatively decomposing organic matter into soluble compound, adding small amount of perchloric acid HClO into small amount of substance extremely difficult to oxidize4Until the solution is colorless or clear, the sample is oxidized into powder. After cooling the sample, it was centrifuged with distilled water (5000 r. min)-110min) 3 times, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifugally cleaning for 2 times, finally leaving the turbid substance at the bottom of the test tube, and flaking the turbid substance by using neutral gum. The prepared slide glass was observed under a microscope.
The results of examples 1 to 3 are as follows:
under the observation of a microscope (100 times), the cut tobacco silicon-planting body of the high-grade cigarette in example 3 has a plurality of round cakes (figure 1), and the cut tobacco silicon-planting body of the low-grade cigarette in example 1 and example 2 has no round cakes (figures 2-3), which shows that whether the cut tobacco silicon-planting body is round cakes or not can be used for distinguishing the high-grade cigarettes.
The type of the tobacco shred silicon-implanted body is observed under a microscope (100 times), and the tobacco shred silicon-implanted body round cake-shaped silicon-implanted body of the high-grade cigarette is found to account for 51.4 percent, and the specific result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 tobacco cut filler type results
The high-grade tobacco cake-shaped silicon-planted body is observed under a microscope (400 times) to be round, and the result is shown in figure 4.
Example 4
Middle-grade cigarettes: brand FURONGWANG, common cigarette.
Taking 5 cigarettes, removing the filter tip and the cigarette paper from each cigarette, and leaving the tobacco shreds.
Putting tobacco shred into 100mL beaker, adding 40mL concentrated HNO3Standing for 48 hr, heating on electric heating plate, and repeatedly adding concentrated HNO3Completely oxidatively decompose the organic matter into soluble matterThe acidic compound is prepared by adding small amount of perchloric acid HClO to a small amount of substance which is extremely difficult to oxidize4Until the solution is colorless or clear, the sample is oxidized into powder. After cooling the sample, it was centrifuged with distilled water (5000 r. min)-110min) 3 times, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifugally cleaning for 2 times, finally leaving turbid matters at the bottom of the test tube, flaking the turbid matters by neutral gum, and placing the prepared slide glass under a microscope for observation. Under microscope (100 times), the cut tobacco silicon body of the middle-grade cigarette has no round cake shape as shown in figure 5.
Example 5
High-grade cigarettes: brand chungwa, plain tobacco rod.
Taking 5 cigarettes, removing the filter tip and the cigarette paper from each cigarette, and leaving the tobacco shreds.
Putting tobacco shred into 100mL beaker, adding 40mL concentrated HNO3Standing for 48 hr, heating on electric heating plate, and repeatedly adding concentrated HNO3Completely oxidatively decomposing organic matter into soluble compound, adding small amount of perchloric acid HClO into small amount of substance extremely difficult to oxidize4Until the solution is colorless or clear, the sample is oxidized into powder. After cooling the sample, it was centrifuged with distilled water (5000 r. min)-110min) 3 times, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifugally cleaning for 2 times, finally leaving turbid matters at the bottom of the test tube, flaking the turbid matters by neutral gum, and placing the prepared slide glass under a microscope for observation. Under microscope (100 times), the cut tobacco silicon body of the high-grade cigarette is observed to have a plurality of round cakes as shown in figure 6.
The type of the tobacco shred silicon-implanted body is observed under a microscope (100 times), and the tobacco shred silicon-implanted body round cake-shaped silicon-implanted body of the high-grade cigarette is found to account for 50.7 percent, and the specific result is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 cut tobacco silicon type results
| Type of silicon-on-insulator | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Sheet shape | 46.9％ | 28.1％ |
| Conduit shape | 39.4％ | 13.7％ |
| Block shape | 9.2％ | 4.1％ |
| Rod shape | 3.4％ | 2.7％ |
| Thorn-shaped bar shape | 0.0％ | 0.0％ |
| Pointed shape | 0.9％ | 0.0％ |
| Tooth profile | 0.2％ | 0.0％ |
| Round cake shape | 0.0％ | 50.7％ |
| Sector shape | 0.0％ | 0.3％ |
| Others | 0.0％ | 0.4％ |
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The application of the round cake-shaped silicon-implanted body in distinguishing the quality of cigarettes.
2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
1) oxidizing the tobacco shreds of the cigarette to obtain oxides;
2) preparing the oxide obtained in the step 1) into a slide;
3) carrying out microscopic observation on the slide obtained in the step 2), wherein when the round cake-shaped silicon implant is observed, the cigarette is high-grade cigarette;
and when the cake-shaped silicon-implanted body cannot be observed, the cigarette is medium-grade cigarette or low-grade cigarette.
3. Use according to claim 2, wherein the number of cigarettes of step 1) is above 5.
4. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that the reagent used for the oxidation in step 1) comprises concentrated nitric acid.
5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the reagent used for oxidation further comprises perchloric acid.
6. Use according to claim 2, wherein the reagents used in step 2) tableting comprise neutral gums.
7. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that step 3) is carried out by microscopic observation using a microscope, the observation times being greater than 100 times.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113336233A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-03 | 江西省矿产资源保障服务中心 | Preparation method of high-purity nano quartz powder |
| CN113353914A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-07 | 江西省矿产资源保障服务中心 | Method for preparing mesoporous carbon by using novel minerals as raw materials |
| CN113387366A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-14 | 江西省矿产资源保障服务中心 | Method for preparing mesoporous silicon by using novel minerals as raw materials |
-
2021
- 2021-01-19 CN CN202110067412.7A patent/CN112798376A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 李仁成 等: "植硅体现代过程研究进展", 《地球科学进展》 * |
| 高桂在 等: "植硅体形态的研究进展", 《微体古生物学报》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113336233A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-03 | 江西省矿产资源保障服务中心 | Preparation method of high-purity nano quartz powder |
| CN113353914A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-07 | 江西省矿产资源保障服务中心 | Method for preparing mesoporous carbon by using novel minerals as raw materials |
| CN113387366A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-14 | 江西省矿产资源保障服务中心 | Method for preparing mesoporous silicon by using novel minerals as raw materials |
| CN113336233B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2022-05-13 | 江西省矿产资源保障服务中心 | Preparation method of high-purity nano quartz powder |
| CN113387366B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2022-05-24 | 江西省矿产资源保障服务中心 | Method for preparing mesoporous silicon by using minerals as raw materials |
| CN113353914B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2022-05-24 | 江西省矿产资源保障服务中心 | Method for preparing mesoporous carbon by using minerals as raw materials |
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Application publication date: 20210514 |