CN112798266B - Axial pressure detection method applied to hoisting of bearing part - Google Patents
Axial pressure detection method applied to hoisting of bearing part Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of pole axle load detection, in particular to an axle load detection method applied to hoisting of a bearing part. The method comprises the following steps: step S1, constructing a foundation; step S2, assembling the holding pole; step S3, pre-installing the wire pulling system, the traction system and the bearing system; step S4, installing a wire drawing system, a traction system and a bearing system; step S5, debugging a sensor system; and step S6, monitoring the axial pressure. The invention can better realize the detection of the axial pressure of the holding pole in the actual construction process, thereby better ensuring the construction safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pole axle load detection, in particular to an axle load detection method applied to hoisting of a bearing part.
Background
The tower assembling construction is an important link for the construction of overhead transmission lines, and the holding pole is one of important devices for the tower assembling construction. The holding pole has the advantages of strong terrain adaptability, high construction efficiency, low comprehensive cost and the like, and is widely applied to the erection construction of the iron tower, so that the safety of the construction of the holding pole tower is very important.
As shown in fig. 1, the inner suspension holding pole is a common holding pole, which is mainly of a metal lattice structure and has a holding pole body, wherein a holding pole head is arranged at the upper end of the holding pole body, and a holding pole tail is arranged at the lower end of the holding pole body. Wherein, the holding pole body is formed by connecting a plurality of holding pole sections (2, 4) in sequence; the outline of the transverse base surface of each holding rod section is in a cuboid shape, and the adjacent holding rod sections are connected at 4 corners through connecting pieces such as bolts. The pole head is provided with a pull wire system and a traction system, the pull wire system is used for fixing the upper end of the pole, and the traction system is used for realizing the hoisting function; the bracing wire system generally comprises 4 bracing wires, and the 4 bracing wires fix the holding pole head at intervals of 90 degrees; the pull wires are divided into an outer pull wire and an inner pull wire according to different arrangement modes of the pull wires, the pull wires of the outer pull wires are fixed on the ground outside the iron tower through ground anchors, and the pull wires of the inner pull wires are fixed at main material nodes at the upper end of the assembled tower body; at present, the external stay wire type is commonly used, and the internal stay wire type is generally applied to tower positions with difficulty in external stay wire; the traction system comprises a traction tackle pulley set arranged at the position of the holding pole, a traction line is arranged at the position of the traction tackle pulley set, and the traction line is used for hoisting the object under the traction of the grinding machine on the ground. Wherein, the holding pole tail is provided with a bearing system 5, and the bearing system 5 is used for realizing the fixation of the lower end of the holding pole; the bearing system 5 typically comprises 4 bearing lines, which hold the mast tail at 90 ° intervals at the tower.
At present, safety accidents caused by failure of the holding pole occur sometimes, wherein the collapse instability is one of main failure modes of the holding pole, and the main reason of the collapse instability of the holding pole is that the bearing pressure (namely the axial pressure) of the axis direction of the holding pole in the hoisting process of tower materials exceeds the yield strength limit of the holding pole, so that the holding pole loses the bearing capacity. Therefore, the yield strength (also called axial pressure) of the holding pole is detected, and the method has important engineering significance for improving the safety of tower assembling construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for detecting the axial pressure applied to hoisting a load-bearing part, which can overcome certain defect or defects in the prior art.
The invention discloses a shaft pressure detection method for hoisting a bearing part, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, constructing foundation
The method comprises the following steps that corresponding anchor piles are arranged at a tower position, and a plurality of anchor piles are arranged and are respectively matched with a wire pulling system and a traction system;
step S2, pole holding assembly
In the step, the assembly of the holding pole is completed, a sensor system is arranged between certain adjacent holding pole sections of the holding pole, the sensor system comprises 4 pulling and pressing sensors, and the 4 pulling and pressing sensors are respectively and correspondingly arranged at four corners of the holding pole;
step S3, pre-installation of wire pulling system, traction system and supporting system
In the step, the pre-installation of the wire pulling system, the traction system and the bearing system is completed; the pull wire system comprises 4 pull wires, and each pull wire is provided with a tension sensor;
step S4, installation of a wire pulling system, a traction system and a bearing system
In the step, the fixing of the bracing wire system and the bearing system to the holding pole is completed, and the arrangement of the traction system is completed;
step S5, debugging sensor system
In the step, calculating the error between the theoretical value of the pole holding axial pressure and the reading value of the sensor system under different working conditions, and if the error is in a reasonable range, completing the debugging of the sensor system; if the error exceeds a reasonable range, adjusting the positions of the 4 tension and compression sensors in the length direction of the holding pole until the error is within the reasonable range;
step S6, monitoring axial pressure
In the step, the reading value of the sensor system is read in real time, so that the shaft pressure of the holding pole is monitored in real time in the construction process.
Through the steps S1-S6, the axial pressure of the holding pole can be preferably monitored in real time in actual construction, and accidents caused by the fact that the real-time axial pressure of the holding pole exceeds the yield strength of the holding pole can be preferably prevented.
Preferably, in step S5, the theoretical axial pressure value N of the holding pole is calculated by the formula,
T＝G/cosβ；
the traction line comprises a jack rope section, a steering rope section and a winching rope section, wherein the jack rope section is a section of the traction line between the hoisting tackle and the bearing tackle, the steering rope section is a section of the traction line between the bearing tackle and the steering tackle, and the winching rope section is a section of the traction line between the steering tackle and the winching;
wherein T is the resultant force borne by the lifting rope section, G is the weight of the lifted material, and beta is the included angle between the lifting rope section and the vertical direction;
wherein, FPulling-closing deviceThe resultant force of the stay wire at the stay wire system to the holding pole is LThe total length of the holding pole, alpha is an included angle between the holding pole and the vertical direction, G 'is the dead weight of the holding pole, n is the number of strands of a pulley set formed by a bearing pulley and a hoisting pulley, and L'1The horizontal distance between the tail end of the holding pole and the steering rope section is shown, and theta is an included angle between the steering rope section and the holding pole;
wherein gamma is FPulling and closing deviceAnd the included angle between the holding pole and the holding pole.
In the invention, the axial pressure born by the holding pole mainly comes from the weight of a hoisted object, the pulling force of a pull wire and the traction force of a winching, the component force of the weight of the hoisted object in the axial direction of the holding pole can be better obtained by calculating T cos (alpha + beta), and the component force is calculated
The component force of the traction force of the winching mill in the axial direction of the holding rod can be obtained better, and F is calculatedPulling and closing devicecos gamma can better obtain the component force of the pulling wire in the axial direction of the holding pole, so that the theoretical axial pressure of the holding pole can be better obtained.
Preferably, in step S5, the calculation formula of the reading value N' of the axle pressure of the holding pole passing through the sensor system is as follows,
wherein m is the total number of the tension and compression sensors, SiThe reading value of the ith tension and compression sensor is obtained.
By the above, the reading value of the sensor system can be preferably acquired.
Preferably, in step S5, a plumb line is set at the pole, a bottom end of the plumb line extends to the ground, and an angle α between the pole and the vertical direction is obtained by reading a horizontal distance between the bottom end of the plumb line and the pole. Therefore, the inclination angle of the holding pole can be acquired better.
Preferably, in step S5, a plumb line is set at the carriage, a bottom end of the plumb line extends to the ground, and an included angle β between the rope segment and the vertical direction is obtained by reading a distance between the bottom end of the plumb line and the hoisted material. Therefore, the included angle between the lifting rope section and the vertical direction can be acquired better.
Preferably, in step S5, the reading value N ' and the theoretical axial pressure value N of the sensor system of each group are obtained by obtaining the reading error of each group through the formula (N-N ')/N ', when the included angle between the holding pole and the vertical direction is the same and the weight of the lifted material is different, and when the included angle between the holding pole and the vertical direction is the same and the included angle between the holding pole and the vertical direction is different. Therefore, the error values under different working conditions can be obtained better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional inner suspension holding rod;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of an inner suspension arm in embodiment 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic force diagram of the inner suspension holding rod in embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the examples are illustrative of the invention and not limiting.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the invention is described by taking a commonly used external pull type internal suspension holding rod as an example, and it can be understood that the implementation method of the internal pull type internal suspension holding rod is similar to that of the present application.
The embodiment provides a shaft pressure detection method applied to hoisting of a bearing part, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, constructing foundation
The method comprises the following steps that corresponding anchor piles are arranged at a tower position, and a plurality of anchor piles are arranged and are respectively matched with a wire pulling system and a traction system;
after the anchor pile is arranged, the anti-pulling strength test needs to be carried out on the anchor pile, and the anti-pulling strength can be tested by adding a pulling force exceeding the construction requirement and keeping for a certain time.
Step S2, pole holding assembly
In the step, the assembly of the holding pole is completed, a sensor system is arranged between certain adjacent holding pole sections of the holding pole, the sensor system comprises 4 pulling and pressing sensors, and the 4 pulling and pressing sensors are respectively and correspondingly arranged at four corners of the holding pole;
in this embodiment, the sensor system includes 4 pull pressure sensors, a processing module and a communication module, and the processing module is used for algebraically calculating the detection values of the 4 pull pressure sensors and sending the detection values to the upper computer through the communication module. Wherein, the adjacent armful of pole internode that sets up to draw and press the sensor only draws through these 4 and presses sensor lug connection to can realize the transmission of axle load better.
In this embodiment, the assembly of the holding pole includes the assembly of the holding pole body, the holding pole head and the holding pole tail, and also includes the installation of the related components of the pull line system, the traction system and the bearing system.
Step S3 Pre-installation of a Pull wire System, traction System and racking System
In the step, the pre-installation of the wire pulling system, the traction system and the bearing system is completed; the pull wire system comprises 4 pull wires, and each pull wire is provided with a tension sensor;
in step S3 of this embodiment, the pre-installation of the guy wire system is completed, that is, the connection of 4 guy wires between the corresponding anchor pile and the pole holding head is completed; pre-installing a traction system, namely fixing a winching mill and a corresponding anchor pile, and installing a traction line, a corresponding pulley block and a winching mill; and for the pre-installation of the bearing system, the connection between the bearing line and the tower body is completed.
Step S4, installation of a wire pulling system, a traction system and a bearing system
In the step, the fixing of the bracing wire system and the bearing system to the holding pole is completed, and the arrangement of the traction system is completed;
referring to fig. 2, step S4 is to complete the tensioning of the pulling system, the traction system and the supporting system. Wherein, the pull wire 16 at the pull wire system, the pull wire 13 at the pull system and the bearing wire 14 at the bearing system are all in a tensioning state; the lower end of each stay wire is fixedly arranged at the corresponding anchor pile, the upper end of each stay wire is arranged at the corresponding station of the holding rod head, and a tension sensor 18 is arranged at each stay wire; the lower end of each supporting line 14 is arranged at the tail of the holding rod, and the upper end of each supporting line 14 is arranged at the tower body; the traction line 13 is wound on the corresponding pulley block, one end of the traction line 13 is used for hoisting materials, the other end of the traction line 13 is dragged by the grinding mill 12, and the grinding mill 12 is also fixed through the corresponding anchor pile. It will be appreciated that the tackle set of the traction system includes a load-bearing tackle at the embracing rod head, a steering tackle at the ground end and a hoist tackle at the hoist end of the traction line.
Step S5, debugging sensor system
In the step, calculating the error between the theoretical value of the axial pressure of the holding pole and the reading value of the sensor system under different working conditions, and completing the debugging of the sensor system if the error is within a reasonable range; if the error exceeds a reasonable range, adjusting the positions of the 4 tension and compression sensors in the length direction of the holding pole until the error is within the reasonable range;
step S6, monitoring axial pressure
In the step, the reading value of the sensor system is read in real time, so that the shaft pressure of the holding pole is monitored in real time in the construction process.
Through the steps S1-S6, the axial pressure of the holding pole can be preferably monitored in real time in actual construction, and accidents caused by the fact that the real-time axial pressure of the holding pole exceeds the yield strength of the holding pole can be preferably prevented.
In step S5, the theoretical value N of the axial pressure of the holding pole is calculated as,
T＝G/cosβ；
the traction line comprises a jack rope section, a steering rope section and a winching rope section, wherein the jack rope section is a section of the traction line between the hoisting tackle and the bearing tackle, the steering rope section is a section of the traction line between the bearing tackle and the steering tackle, and the winching rope section is a section of the traction line between the steering tackle and the winching;
wherein T is the resultant force borne by the lifting rope section, G is the weight of the lifted material, and beta is the included angle between the lifting rope section and the vertical direction; wherein the weight G of the hoisted material can be a known amount.
Wherein, FPulling and closing deviceThe resultant force of the stay wire at the stay wire system to the holding pole, L is the total length of the holding pole, alpha is the included angle between the holding pole and the vertical direction, G 'is the dead weight of the holding pole, n is the number of strands of a pulley set consisting of a bearing pulley and a hoisting pulley, and L'1The horizontal distance between the tail end of the holding pole and the steering rope section is shown, and theta is an included angle between the steering rope section and the holding pole; wherein L, G 'and n are both known quantities, L'1Can be acquired by measurement.
Wherein gamma is FPulling and closing deviceAnd the included angle between the holding pole and the holding pole.
Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, the axial pressure applied to the holding pole mainly comes from the weight of the hoisted material, the pulling force of the pulling wire and the pulling force of the grinder 12, the component force of the weight of the hoisted material in the axial direction of the holding pole can be better obtained by calculating Tcos (α + β), and the component force can be obtained by calculating Tcos (α + β)
The component force of the traction force of the winching 12 in the axial direction of the holding pole can be preferably obtained, and F is calculatedPulling-closing devicecos gamma can preferably obtain the component force of the pulling wire in the axial direction of the holding pole, so that the theoretical axial pressure of the holding pole can be preferably obtained.
In addition, as the resultant force of the pulling force of the pull wire and the traction force of the winching 12 and the resultant force of the weight of the hoisted material and the self weight of the holding pole form stress balance, F can be obtained better through the lever principlePulling and closing deviceThe size of (2).
In the embodiment, the hoisting tackle and the bearing tackle can form a 1-1 tackle group, so n in the embodiment is 2.
Because of the characteristics of the inner suspension holding rod, only 2 pull wires are stressed in the hoisting process, and gamma can be preferably calculated by calculating the included angle between each stressed pull wire and the holding rod. And the included angle between each stressed stay wire and the holding pole can be calculated through the cosine or sine theorem of the triangle.
And theta can be obtained by calculation according to the total length L of the holding pole and the vertical distance between the tail end of the holding pole and the steering rope section.
In step S5, the calculation formula of the reading value N' of the axle pressure of the holding pole passing through the sensor system is as follows,
wherein m is the total number of the tension and compression sensors, SiThe reading value of the ith tension and compression sensor is obtained.
In this example, m is 4.
In step S5, a plumb line is set at the pole, the bottom end of the plumb line extends to the ground, and an included angle α between the pole and the vertical direction is obtained by reading a horizontal distance between the bottom end of the plumb line and the pole. Therefore, the inclination angle of the holding pole can be acquired better.
In step S5, a plumb line is set at the carriage, the bottom end of the plumb line extends to the ground, and an included angle β between the rope portion and the vertical direction is obtained by reading the distance between the bottom end of the plumb line and the hoisted material. Thereby can realize acquireing the contained angle of jack rope section and vertical direction better.
In step S5, acquiring a reading value N ' and an axial pressure theoretical value N of each group of sensor systems, where the reading values are the same as the values of the hung materials and the values of the hung materials are different, and the reading errors are acquired through a formula (N-N ')/N '. Therefore, the error values under different working conditions can be obtained better.
In step S5, the error values under different operating conditions are controlled to be within ± 2%. Thereby, the reading value N' of the sensor system can better reflect the actual axial pressure of the holding pole.
Through the scheme in this embodiment, can be better in the course of working of embracing the pole, monitor the axle load of embracing the pole in real time to can avoid embracing the unexpected emergence that pole axle load exceeds its yield strength and lead to because of embracing better.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A shaft pressure detection method for hoisting a bearing part comprises the following steps:
step S1, constructing foundation
The method comprises the following steps that corresponding anchor piles are arranged at a tower position, and a plurality of anchor piles are arranged and are respectively matched with a wire pulling system and a traction system;
step S2, pole holding assembly
In the step, the assembly of the holding pole is completed, a sensor system is arranged between certain adjacent holding pole sections of the holding pole, the sensor system comprises 4 pulling and pressing sensors, and the 4 pulling and pressing sensors are respectively and correspondingly arranged at four corners of the holding pole;
step S3 Pre-installation of a Pull wire System, traction System and racking System
In the step, the pre-installation of the wire pulling system, the traction system and the bearing system is completed; the pull wire system comprises 4 pull wires, and each pull wire is provided with a tension sensor;
step S4, installation of a wire pulling system, a traction system and a bearing system
In the step, the fixing of the bracing wire system and the bearing system to the holding pole is completed, and the arrangement of the traction system is completed;
step S5, debugging sensor system
In the step, calculating the error between the theoretical value of the axial pressure of the holding pole and the reading value of the sensor system under different working conditions, and completing the debugging of the sensor system if the error is within a reasonable range; if the error exceeds a reasonable range, adjusting the positions of the 4 tension and compression sensors in the length direction of the holding pole until the error is within the reasonable range;
step S6, monitoring axial pressure
Reading the reading value of the sensor system in real time to realize real-time monitoring of the axial pressure of the holding pole in the construction process;
in step S5, the theoretical value N of the axial pressure of the holding pole is calculated as,
T＝G/cosβ；
the traction line comprises a jack rope section, a steering rope section and a winching rope section, wherein the jack rope section is a section of the traction line between the hoisting tackle and the bearing tackle, the steering rope section is a section of the traction line between the bearing tackle and the steering tackle, and the winching rope section is a section of the traction line between the steering tackle and the winching;
wherein T is the resultant force borne by the lifting rope section, G is the weight of the lifted material, and beta is the included angle between the lifting rope section and the vertical direction;
wherein, FPulling-closing deviceThe resultant force of the stay wire at the stay wire system to the holding pole, L is the total length of the holding pole, alpha is the included angle between the holding pole and the vertical direction, G 'is the dead weight of the holding pole, n is the number of strands of a pulley set consisting of a bearing pulley and a hoisting pulley, and L'1The horizontal distance between the tail end of the holding pole and the steering rope section is shown, and theta is an included angle between the steering rope section and the holding pole;
wherein gamma is FPulling and closing deviceAnd the included angle between the holding pole and the holding pole.
2. The axial compression detection method for hoisting the bearing part according to claim 1, wherein the axial compression detection method comprises the following steps: in step S5, the calculation formula of the reading value N' of the axle pressure of the holding pole passing through the sensor system is as follows,
wherein m is the total number of the tension and compression sensors, SiThe reading value of the ith tension and compression sensor is obtained.
3. The axial compression detection method for hoisting the bearing part according to claim 2, wherein the axial compression detection method comprises the following steps: in step S5, a plumb line is set at the pole, the bottom end of the plumb line extends to the ground, and an included angle α between the pole and the vertical direction is obtained by reading a horizontal distance between the bottom end of the plumb line and the pole.
4. The axial compression detection method for hoisting the bearing part according to claim 3, wherein the axial compression detection method comprises the following steps: in step S5, a plumb line is set at the carriage, the bottom end of the plumb line extends to the ground, and an included angle β between the rope portion and the vertical direction is obtained by reading the distance between the bottom end of the plumb line and the hoisted material.
5. The axial compression detection method for hoisting the bearing part according to claim 4, wherein the axial compression detection method comprises the following steps: in step S5, acquiring a reading value N ' and an axial pressure theoretical value N of each group of sensor systems, where the reading values are the same as the values of the hung materials and the values of the hung materials are different, and the reading errors are acquired through a formula (N-N ')/N '.
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