CN112796355A - 波浪能自发电船式自主挖掘机 - Google Patents

波浪能自发电船式自主挖掘机 Download PDF

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CN112796355A
CN112796355A CN202110117992.6A CN202110117992A CN112796355A CN 112796355 A CN112796355 A CN 112796355A CN 202110117992 A CN202110117992 A CN 202110117992A CN 112796355 A CN112796355 A CN 112796355A
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wave energy
bucket
cylinder
speed
boat
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魏祥庆
田洪云
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Shandong Lingong Construction Machinery Co Ltd
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Shandong Lingong Construction Machinery Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/32—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working downwardly and towards the machine, e.g. with backhoes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/06—Floating substructures as supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1805—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem
    • F03B13/181—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for limited rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/20—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" wherein both members, i.e. wom and rem are movable relative to the sea bed or shore
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种波浪能自发电船式自主挖掘机，属于工程机械领域。包括机身、工作装置、发电系统、浮动系统，所述工作装置包括快换机具、连杆、斗杆、铲斗油缸、斗杆油缸、动臂、动臂油缸，所述发电系统包括增速齿轮箱、动臂销轴、离合器、发电机和蓄电池，所述增速齿轮箱通过离合器与随动臂转动的动臂销轴连接，所述增速齿轮箱与发电机连接，所述发电机电连接机身上的蓄电池；所述快换机具与连杆和斗杆铰接，所述快换机具为阻尼板或浮球或铲斗。本发明通过快换机具，实现挖掘行走、波浪能发电2种稳定状态，充能时近海或近岸自动补充电力，工作时可以自主控制，减少对环境的污染。

Description

波浪能自发电船式自主挖掘机
技术领域
本发明属于一种工程机械，具体地说，尤其涉及一种波浪能自发电船式自主挖掘机。
背景技术
随着经济不断发展，社会不断进步，远海岛屿开发成为热点。远海岛屿的战略地位及经济地位越来越被重视，然而，在远海岛屿开发中，由于岛屿离岸遥远，导致挖掘机等工程机械补给周期长，费用高。使用广泛存在且易得的波浪能自发电船式挖掘机可以极大降低开发成本，对远海岛屿开发具有深远意义。近年来，随着各国越来越重视海洋能源，波浪能的开发与利用尤显重要，其研究不断深入，并不断取得突破性成果，其发电技术越来越成熟，商业化道路进一步拓宽。通常的远海岛屿开发中，填陆地或岛屿海岸非常泥泞，工作环境相对于工作人员来说很危险，并且普通挖掘机以柴油内燃机为动力源，依赖化石能源，并对环境造成极大污染。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种波浪能自发电船式自主挖掘机，以克服现有技术中挖掘机依赖化石能源，并对环境造成极大污染的缺陷。
本发明是采用以下技术方案实现的：
一种波浪能自发电船式自主挖掘机，包括机身、工作装置、发电系统、浮动系统，所述工作装置包括快换机具、连杆、斗杆、铲斗油缸、斗杆油缸、动臂、动臂油缸，所述连杆、斗杆、动臂依次铰接，所述铲斗油缸铰接在连杆和斗杆之间，所述斗杆油缸铰接在斗杆和动臂之间，所述动臂油缸铰接在机身和动臂之间，所述发电系统包括增速齿轮箱、动臂销轴、离合器、发电机和蓄电池，所述增速齿轮箱通过离合器与随动臂转动的动臂销轴连接，所述增速齿轮箱与发电机连接，所述发电机电连接机身上的蓄电池；所述快换机具与连杆和斗杆铰接，所述快换机具为阻尼板或浮球或铲斗。
优选地，所述浮动系统包括船式履带盒、气囊、收放单元、空气滤清器、空气压缩机，所述空气滤清器与空气压缩机连接，所述空气压缩机与气囊连接，所述收放单元和气囊设于船式履带盒上。
优选地，所述船式履带盒包括内壳和外壳，所述内壳与外壳之间设有连接装置和填充材料。
优选地，所述阻尼板内部中空，并且开有泄放孔。
优选地，所述浮球内可进行充放气。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明通过快换机具，实现挖掘行走、波浪能发电2种稳定状态，充能时近海或近岸自动补充电力，工作时可以自主控制。
2、本发明通过浮动系统的设计等，可以根据发电模式不同，自动调节自身浮力。
3、本发明通过船型履带及自主控制系统设计等，可以实现泥泞危险环境的无人化作业，节省人力，避免工作人员暴露在危险环境中。
4、本发明通过波浪能获得电能，属于清洁能源，减少对环境的污染。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是本发明海基波浪能发电模式时的结构示意图。
图3是本发明岸基波浪能发电模式时的结构示意图。
图4是本发明工作状态时结构示意图。
图5是本发明的浮动系统的结构示意图。
图中：1、机身；2、工作装置；21、快换机具；211、阻尼板；212、浮球；213、铲斗；22、连杆；23、斗杆油缸；24、斗杆；25、铲斗油缸；26、动臂；27、动臂油缸；3、发电系统；31、增速齿轮箱；32、动臂销轴；33、离合器；34、发电机；35、蓄电池；4、浮动系统；41、船式履带盒；42、气囊；43、收放单元；44、空气滤清器；45、空气压缩机。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1所示，本发明所述的波浪能自发电船式自主挖掘机，包括机身1、工作装置2、发电系统3、浮动系统4，工作装置2包括快换机具21、连杆22、斗杆油缸23、斗杆24、铲斗油缸25、动臂26、动臂油缸27，连杆22、斗杆24、动臂26依次铰接，铲斗油缸25铰接在连杆22和斗杆24之间，斗杆油缸23铰接在斗杆24和动臂26之间，动臂油缸27铰接在机身1和动臂26之间，发电系统3包括增速齿轮箱31、动臂销轴32、离合器33、发电机34和蓄电池35，增速齿轮箱31通过离合器33与随动臂26转动的动臂销轴32连接，增速齿轮箱31与发电机34连接，发电机34电连接机身1上的蓄电池35；快换机具21与连杆22和斗杆24铰接，快换机具21为阻尼板211或浮球212或铲斗213。
优选地，浮动系统4包括船式履带盒41、气囊42、收放单元43、空气滤清器44、空气压缩机45，空气滤清器44与空气压缩机45连接，空气压缩机45与气囊42连接，收放单元43和气囊42设于船式履带盒41上。
优选地，船式履带盒41包括内壳和外壳，内壳与外壳之间设有连接装置和填充材料，填充材料为浮力中性，船式履带盒41采用双层壳设计保证防水及浮力效果。
优选地，阻尼板211内部中空，并且开有泄放孔。阻尼板211可以折叠自如，在阻尼板211完全展开置于海水中可以通过泄放孔充水，增大自重，增大发电所需阻尼；发电完毕后，离开水面，可以泄放海水，折叠保存。
优选地，为了方便收纳，浮球212可进行充放气。
本发明的波浪能发电状态有两种：一是海基波浪能发电模式，二是岸基波浪能发电模式，动臂26驱动发电系统3为蓄电池35充电。在自主挖掘机上设置波浪能发电系统3和浮动系统4，就地捕获波浪能发电，为蓄电池35充能，实现能源的自给自足。
海基波浪能发电模式时，浮动系统4释放船式履带盒41两侧气囊42并充气，增加整机浮力，以平衡自重。将可折叠阻尼板211固定在连杆22和斗杆24上，阻尼板211完全展开置于海水静水区以产生足够的阻尼使机体可随波浪运动；铲斗油缸25和斗杆油缸23内保持压力，使斗杆24和连杆22稳定在固定位置，以此，连杆22、斗杆24和动臂26形成力臂，动臂油缸27泄压；动臂销轴32随动臂26一起运动，动臂销轴32连接增速齿轮箱31，动臂销轴32与增速齿轮箱31之间装有离合器33，此状态下离合器33啮合，动臂销轴32驱动增速齿轮箱31，增速齿轮箱31与发电机34相连接，发电机34产生电能储存在蓄电池35中。蓄电池35充能完毕后，浮动系统4自动释放气囊42内气体，并自动收回气囊42。
岸基波浪能发电模式时，可充气式浮球212充气，并固定在斗杆24上，斗杆油缸23内保持压力，使斗杆24稳定在固定位置，以此，斗杆24和动臂26形成力臂，动臂油缸27泄压。浮球212接触岸边海浪，机身静止在岸上，动臂销轴32随动臂26一起运动，动臂销轴32连接增速齿轮箱31，动臂销轴32与增速齿轮箱31之间装有离合器33，此状态下离合器33啮合，动臂销轴32驱动增速齿轮箱31，增速齿轮箱31与发电机34相连接，发电机34产生电能储存在蓄电池35中。两种发电模式共用一套发电系统。
本发明装配铲斗时进入工作状态，铲斗213装配在连杆22和斗杆24上，动臂销轴32与增速齿轮箱31之间的离合器33处于分离状态，结合自主控制系统、船式履带，用于完成普通无人船式挖掘机的工作内容。本发明挖掘机在电量过低时，自动执行快换机具21更换程序，根据海基或岸基环境，到达预设位置，进入波浪发电状态。
以上实现结构合理，节省人力，让工作人员无需在危险环境工作，兼具波浪能发电、自主工作的新能源船式挖掘机。

Claims (5)

1.一种波浪能自发电船式自主挖掘机，包括机身(1)、工作装置(2)、发电系统(3)、浮动系统(4)，所述工作装置(2)包括快换机具(21)、连杆(22)、斗杆油缸(23)、斗杆(24)、铲斗油缸(25)、动臂(26)、动臂油缸(27)，所述连杆(22)、斗杆(24)、动臂(26)依次铰接，所述铲斗油缸(25)铰接在连杆(22)和斗杆(24)之间，所述斗杆油缸(23)铰接在斗杆(24)和动臂(26)之间，所述动臂油缸(27)铰接在机身(1)和动臂(26)之间，其特征在于：所述发电系统(3)包括增速齿轮箱(31)、动臂销轴(32)、离合器(33)、发电机(34)和蓄电池(35)，所述增速齿轮箱(31)通过离合器(33)与随动臂(26)转动的动臂销轴(32)连接，所述增速齿轮箱(31)与发电机(34)连接，所述发电机(34)电连接机身(1)上的蓄电池(35)；所述快换机具(21)与连杆(22)和斗杆(24)铰接，所述快换机具(21)为阻尼板(211)或浮球(212)或铲斗(213)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的波浪能自发电船式自主挖掘机，其特征在于：所述浮动系统(4)包括船式履带盒(41)、气囊(42)、收放单元(43)、空气滤清器(44)、空气压缩机(45)，所述空气滤清器(44)与空气压缩机(45)连接，所述空气压缩机(45)与气囊(42)连接，所述收放单元(43)和气囊(42)设于船式履带盒(41)上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的波浪能自发电船式自主挖掘机，其特征在于：所述船式履带盒(41)包括内壳和外壳，所述内壳与外壳之间设有连接装置和填充材料。
4.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的波浪能自发电船式自主挖掘机，其特征在于：所述阻尼板(211)内部中空，并且开有泄放孔。
5.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的波浪能自发电船式自主挖掘机，其特征在于：所述浮球(212)内可进行充放气。
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