CN112795726B - Ladle refining furnace and dephosphorization method thereof - Google Patents

Ladle refining furnace and dephosphorization method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112795726B
CN112795726B CN202011561748.0A CN202011561748A CN112795726B CN 112795726 B CN112795726 B CN 112795726B CN 202011561748 A CN202011561748 A CN 202011561748A CN 112795726 B CN112795726 B CN 112795726B
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argon blowing
blowing pipe
plate
argon
slag
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CN112795726A (en
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胡英超
栾吉哲
张欣杰
陈保梁
王守明
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Avic Shangda Superalloy Materials Co ltd
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AVIC Shangda Super Alloys Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0087—Treatment of slags covering the steel bath, e.g. for separating slag from the molten metal

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a ladle refining furnace, which comprises a furnace body, wherein an argon blowing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, a slag raking mechanism is arranged at the top of the furnace body, the argon blowing mechanism comprises a first argon blowing pipe arranged at the center of the bottom of the ladle refining furnace and second argon blowing pipes annularly arranged around the first argon blowing pipe, the first argon blowing pipe is arranged along the axial direction of the furnace body, the included angle between the second argon blowing pipe and the first argon blowing pipe is 25 degrees, and flow regulating valves are respectively arranged on the first argon blowing pipe and the second argon blowing pipe; the slag removing mechanism comprises a movable support, a telescopic oil cylinder is mounted on the movable support, the piston end of the telescopic oil cylinder faces downwards, a rotating motor is mounted at the piston end of the telescopic oil cylinder, a mounting plate is mounted on an output shaft of the rotating motor, a plurality of V-shaped slag removing plates are annularly and axially connected to the bottom surface of the mounting plate, each V-shaped slag removing plate is connected with one slag removing oil cylinder, and the slag removing oil cylinders are mounted on the mounting plate. The invention can improve the defects of the prior art and improve the dephosphorization efficiency of the ladle refining furnace.

Description

Ladle refining furnace and dephosphorization method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to smelting equipment, in particular to a ladle refining furnace and a dephosphorization method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of the military industry in China, the demand for high-end materials such as ultrahigh-strength steel, high-temperature alloy and the like is increasingly increased, most of the high-end materials are smelted by a vacuum induction furnace, the vacuum induction furnace has no dephosphorization capability, and the high-purity smelting of products can be realized only by depending on high-purity industrial pure iron in the production of some high-end ultrahigh-strength steel, and the main technical difficulty of the high-purity industrial pure iron is the control of ultralow phosphorus content, so the smelting of the high-purity industrial pure iron becomes particularly critical.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ladle refining furnace and a dephosphorization method thereof, which can solve the defects of the prior art and improve the dephosphorization efficiency of the ladle refining furnace.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
A ladle refining furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein an argon blowing mechanism is installed at the bottom of the furnace body, a slag raking mechanism is installed at the top of the furnace body, the argon blowing mechanism comprises a first argon blowing pipe installed at the center of the bottom of the ladle refining furnace and second argon blowing pipes annularly arranged around the first argon blowing pipe, the first argon blowing pipe is arranged along the axial direction of the furnace body, the included angle between the second argon blowing pipe and the first argon blowing pipe is 25 degrees, and flow regulating valves are respectively installed on the first argon blowing pipe and the second argon blowing pipe; the slag removing mechanism comprises a movable support, a telescopic oil cylinder is mounted on the movable support, the piston end of the telescopic oil cylinder faces downwards, a rotating motor is mounted at the piston end of the telescopic oil cylinder, a mounting plate is mounted on an output shaft of the rotating motor, a plurality of V-shaped slag removing plates are annularly and axially connected to the bottom surface of the mounting plate, each V-shaped slag removing plate is connected with one slag removing oil cylinder, and the slag removing oil cylinders are mounted on the mounting plate.
Preferably, a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the side face, facing the bottom of the furnace body, of the second argon blowing pipe, the air outlet holes are uniformly arranged along the axis of the second argon blowing pipe, and the sum of the areas of all the air outlet holes is smaller than the radial sectional area of the second argon blowing pipe.
Preferably, a spiral flow guide plate is arranged in the second argon blowing pipe, and the spiral flow guide plate is positioned between the air outlet hole closest to the outlet of the second argon blowing pipe and the outlet of the second argon blowing pipe.
Preferably, a plurality of through holes are symmetrically formed in the V-shaped slag-off plate, and a screen plate is fixed in each through hole.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the outer side end of the through hole is larger than that of the inner side end of the through hole, and a diversion trench communicated with the inner wall of the V-shaped slag removing plate is arranged at the inner side end of the through hole.
The dephosphorization method of the ladle refining furnace comprises the following steps:
A. adding lime according to the addition amount of 50-65 kg of steel per ton, and simultaneously introducing argon into the furnace body by using a first argon blowing pipe and a second argon blowing pipe, wherein the argon flow is 200-300 Nm/h; unfolding the V-shaped slag removing plate, and starting a rotating motor to stir molten steel by the V-shaped slag removing plate;
then closing the second argon blowing pipe, controlling the argon flow to be 100-150 Nm/h, gradually reducing the rotating speed of the rotating motor, simultaneously folding the V-shaped slag removing plates, completely folding the V-shaped slag removing plates when the rotating motor stops rotating, and then lifting the V-shaped slag removing plates to remove slag;
B. adding lime according to the addition amount of 65-70 kg of steel per ton, adding fluorite according to the addition amount of 2-3 kg of steel per ton, and introducing argon into the furnace body by using a first argon blowing pipe and a second argon blowing pipe, wherein the argon flow is 200-300 Nm/h; unfolding the V-shaped slag removing plate, and starting a rotating motor to stir molten steel by the V-shaped slag removing plate;
then closing the second argon blowing pipe, controlling the argon flow to be 100-150 Nm/h, gradually reducing the rotating speed of the rotating motor, simultaneously folding the V-shaped slag removing plates, completely folding the V-shaped slag removing plates when the rotating motor stops rotating, and then lifting the V-shaped slag removing plates to remove slag;
C. adding lime according to the addition amount of 20-25 kg of steel per ton, and simultaneously introducing argon into the furnace body by using a first argon blowing pipe and a second argon blowing pipe, wherein the argon flow is 100-200 Nm/h; unfolding the V-shaped slag removing plate, and starting a rotating motor to stir molten steel by the V-shaped slag removing plate;
and then closing the first argon blowing pipe and the second argon blowing pipe, stopping the rotation of the rotating motor, folding the V-shaped slag-off plate, and lifting the V-shaped slag-off plate to discharge slag.
Adopt the beneficial effect that above-mentioned technical scheme brought to lie in: the invention adopts a dephosphorization process of three times of slagging-off, and effectively stirs the molten steel by utilizing the second argon blowing pipe and the slagging-off plate in the slagging process, so that the slag is fully contacted with the molten steel, and simultaneously, sufficient lime is added to ensure that the slag can effectively cover the surface of the molten steel to isolate the external air in the stirring process; and after slagging is finished, the slag removing plates are folded, and the slag is driven to be rapidly collected in the slag removing plates by utilizing the rotating inertia of the molten steel, so that slag removal is finally realized. The second argon blowing pipe is provided with a downward air outlet hole, so that the circulating speed of molten steel in the vertical direction can be improved. The spiral guide plate can enable the air flow discharged from the second argon blowing pipe to generate self-rotation, so that the diffusion range of the discharged air of the second argon blowing pipe is improved. The slag skimming plate is arranged in a V shape, so that slag is collected conveniently during slag removal, and the circular flow of molten steel inside and outside the V-shaped slag skimming plate can be realized by using the through holes during molten steel stirring, so that the contact reaction efficiency of the slag and the molten steel is improved. The specially designed through hole structure can form a multidirectional flowing trend on the inner side of the V-shaped slag-raking plate after the molten steel flows into the through hole, so that the flowing uniformity of the molten steel on the inner side of the V-shaped slag-raking plate is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of a second argon blowing tube in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a V-shaped slag-off plate in one embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a furnace body; 2. a first argon blowing tube; 3. a second argon blowing tube; 4. a flow regulating valve; 5. a movable support; 6. a telescopic oil cylinder; 7. a rotating electric machine; 8. mounting a plate; 9. a V-shaped slag removing plate; 10. a slag skimming oil cylinder; 11. an air outlet; 12. a spiral deflector; 13. a through hole; 14. a screen plate; 15. and a diversion trench.
Detailed Description
The standard parts used in the invention can be purchased from the market, the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description and the description of the attached drawings, and the specific connection mode of each part adopts the conventional means of mature bolts, rivets, welding, sticking and the like in the prior art, and the detailed description is not repeated.
Referring to fig. 1-3, one embodiment of the invention comprises a furnace body 1, an argon blowing mechanism is installed at the bottom of the furnace body 1, a slag raking mechanism is installed at the top of the furnace body 1, the argon blowing mechanism comprises a first argon blowing pipe 2 installed at the center of the bottom of a ladle refining furnace and second argon blowing pipes 3 annularly arranged around the first argon blowing pipe 2, the first argon blowing pipe 2 is arranged along the axial direction of the furnace body 1, the included angle between the second argon blowing pipe 3 and the first argon blowing pipe 2 is 25 degrees, and flow regulating valves 4 are respectively installed on the first argon blowing pipe 2 and the second argon blowing pipe 3; the slag raking mechanism comprises a movable support 5, a telescopic oil cylinder 6 is mounted on the movable support 5, the piston end of the telescopic oil cylinder 6 faces downwards, a rotating motor 7 is mounted at the piston end of the telescopic oil cylinder 6, a mounting plate 8 is mounted on an output shaft of the rotating motor 7, a plurality of V-shaped slag raking plates 9 are annularly and axially connected to the bottom surface of the mounting plate 8, each V-shaped slag raking plate 9 is connected with one slag raking oil cylinder 10, and the slag raking oil cylinders 10 are mounted on the mounting plate 8. The second argon blowing pipe 3 is provided with a plurality of air outlets 11 on the side facing the bottom of the furnace body 1, the air outlets 11 are uniformly arranged along the axis of the second argon blowing pipe 3, and the sum of the areas of all the air outlets 11 is smaller than the radial sectional area of the second argon blowing pipe 3. The spiral guide plate 12 is arranged in the second argon blowing pipe 3, and the spiral guide plate 12 is positioned between the air outlet 11 which is closest to the outlet of the second argon blowing pipe 3 and the outlet of the second argon blowing pipe 3. A plurality of through holes 13 are symmetrically arranged on the V-shaped slag-off plate 9, and a screen plate 14 is fixed in the through holes 13. The inner diameter of the outer side end of the through hole 13 is larger than that of the inner side end of the through hole, and a diversion trench 15 communicated with the inner wall of the V-shaped slag-raking plate 9 is arranged at the inner side end of the through hole 13.
The dephosphorization method of the ladle refining furnace comprises the following steps:
A. lime is added according to the addition amount of 60kg of steel per ton, and meanwhile argon is introduced into the furnace body 1 through the first argon blowing pipe 2 and the second argon blowing pipe 3, wherein the argon flow is 270Nm for carrying out cultivation/h; unfolding the V-shaped slag-off plate 9, and starting the rotating motor 7 to stir the molten steel by the V-shaped slag-off plate 9;
then closing the second argon blowing pipe 3, controlling the argon gas flow to be 120 Nm/h, gradually reducing the rotating speed of the rotating motor 7, folding the V-shaped slag skimming plate 9, completely folding the V-shaped slag skimming plate 9 when the rotating motor 7 stops rotating, and then lifting the V-shaped slag skimming plate 9 to carry out slag removal;
B. lime is added according to the addition amount of 70kg per ton of steel, fluorite is added according to the addition amount of 2kg per ton of steel, meanwhile, argon is introduced into the furnace body 1 through the first argon blowing pipe 2 and the second argon blowing pipe 3, and the argon flow is 300 Nm/h for carrying out the cultivation; unfolding the V-shaped slag-off plate 9, and starting the rotating motor 7 to stir the molten steel by the V-shaped slag-off plate 9;
then closing the second argon blowing pipe 3, controlling the argon gas flow to be 150 Nm/h, gradually reducing the rotating speed of the rotating motor 7, folding the V-shaped slag skimming plate 9, completely folding the V-shaped slag skimming plate 9 when the rotating motor 7 stops rotating, and then lifting the V-shaped slag skimming plate 9 to carry out slag removal;
C. lime is added according to the addition amount of 20kg of steel per ton, and meanwhile argon is introduced into the furnace body 1 through the first argon blowing pipe 2 and the second argon blowing pipe 3, wherein the argon flow is 110 Nm/h; unfolding the V-shaped slag-off plate 9, and starting the rotating motor 7 to stir the molten steel by the V-shaped slag-off plate 9;
then the first argon blowing pipe 2 and the second argon blowing pipe 3 are closed, the rotating motor 7 is stopped to rotate, then the V-shaped slag skimming plate 9 is folded, and the V-shaped slag skimming plate 9 is lifted to remove slag.
The invention can finally obtain the ultra-low phosphorus molten steel with the content less than or equal to 0.001 percent.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (2)

1. The utility model provides a ladle refining furnace, includes furnace body (1), and argon blowing mechanism is installed to furnace body (1) bottom, and slag raking mechanism, its characterized in that are installed at furnace body (1) top: the argon blowing mechanism comprises a first argon blowing pipe (2) arranged at the center of the bottom of the ladle refining furnace and second argon blowing pipes (3) annularly arranged around the first argon blowing pipe (2), the first argon blowing pipe (2) is arranged along the axial direction of the furnace body (1), the included angle between the second argon blowing pipe (3) and the first argon blowing pipe (2) is 25 degrees, and the first argon blowing pipe (2) and the second argon blowing pipe (3) are respectively provided with a flow regulating valve (4); the slag raking mechanism comprises a movable support (5), a telescopic oil cylinder (6) is mounted on the movable support (5), the piston end of the telescopic oil cylinder (6) faces downwards, a rotating motor (7) is mounted at the piston end of the telescopic oil cylinder (6), a mounting plate (8) is mounted on an output shaft of the rotating motor (7), a plurality of V-shaped slag raking plates (9) are annularly and axially connected to the bottom surface of the mounting plate (8), each V-shaped slag raking plate (9) is connected with one slag raking oil cylinder (10), and the slag raking oil cylinders (10) are mounted on the mounting plate (8); a plurality of air outlet holes (11) are formed in the side surface, facing the bottom of the furnace body (1), of the second argon blowing pipe (3), the air outlet holes (11) are uniformly arranged along the axis of the second argon blowing pipe (3), and the sum of the areas of all the air outlet holes (11) is smaller than the radial sectional area of the second argon blowing pipe (3); a spiral guide plate (12) is arranged in the second argon blowing pipe (3), and the spiral guide plate (12) is positioned between an air outlet (11) nearest to the outlet of the second argon blowing pipe (3) and the outlet of the second argon blowing pipe (3); a plurality of through holes (13) are symmetrically arranged on the V-shaped slag-off plate (9), and a screen plate (14) is fixed in each through hole (13); the inner diameter of the outer side end of the through hole (13) is larger than that of the inner side end of the through hole, and a diversion trench (15) communicated with the inner wall of the V-shaped slag scraping plate (9) is arranged at the inner side end of the through hole (13).
2. The dephosphorization method of the ladle refining furnace according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
A. adding lime according to the addition amount of 50-65 kg of steel per ton, and simultaneously introducing argon into the furnace body (1) by using the first argon blowing pipe (2) and the second argon blowing pipe (3), wherein the argon flow is 200-300 Nm/h; unfolding the V-shaped slag-off plate (9), and starting the rotating motor (7) to stir the molten steel by the V-shaped slag-off plate (9);
then closing the second argon blowing pipe (3), controlling the argon flow to be 100-150 Nm/h, gradually reducing the rotating speed of the rotating motor (7), folding the V-shaped slag-off plate (9), completely folding the V-shaped slag-off plate (9) when the rotating motor (7) stops rotating, and then lifting the V-shaped slag-off plate (9) to carry out slag discharge;
B. adding lime according to the addition amount of 65-70 kg of steel per ton, adding fluorite according to the addition amount of 2-3 kg of steel per ton, and simultaneously introducing argon into the furnace body (1) by using the first argon blowing pipe (2) and the second argon blowing pipe (3), wherein the argon flow is 200-300 Nm/h; unfolding the V-shaped slag-off plate (9), and starting the rotating motor (7) to stir the molten steel by the V-shaped slag-off plate (9);
then closing the second argon blowing pipe (3), controlling the argon flow to be 100-150 Nm/h, gradually reducing the rotating speed of the rotating motor (7), folding the V-shaped slag-off plate (9), completely folding the V-shaped slag-off plate (9) when the rotating motor (7) stops rotating, and then lifting the V-shaped slag-off plate (9) to carry out slag discharge;
C. adding lime according to the addition amount of 20-25 kg of steel per ton, and simultaneously introducing argon into the furnace body (1) by using the first argon blowing pipe (2) and the second argon blowing pipe (3), wherein the argon flow is 100-200 Nm/h; unfolding the V-shaped slag-off plate (9), and starting the rotating motor (7) to stir the molten steel by the V-shaped slag-off plate (9);
then the first argon blowing pipe (2) and the second argon blowing pipe (3) are closed, the rotating motor (7) is stopped from rotating, then the V-shaped slag skimming plate (9) is folded, and the V-shaped slag skimming plate (9) is lifted to remove slag.
CN202011561748.0A 2020-12-25 2020-12-25 Ladle refining furnace and dephosphorization method thereof Active CN112795726B (en)

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CN112795726B true CN112795726B (en) 2022-08-02

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Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106011381B (en) * 2016-07-22 2018-04-24 唐山正丰钢铁有限公司 A kind of molten steel extra furnace dephosphorization production technology
CN107739778B (en) * 2017-11-27 2019-03-22 中航上大高温合金材料有限公司 A kind of steel ladle bottom argon blowing device and its refining stirring means
CN110387454A (en) * 2018-04-20 2019-10-29 沈阳人和机械制造有限公司 The control system and method for steel ladle bottom argon blowing

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Address after: 054800 No.16, Huagong Avenue, Qinghe County, Xingtai City, Hebei Province

Patentee after: AVIC Shangda superalloy materials Co.,Ltd.

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