Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a dual-resistance tubular gasifier, which can increase disturbance of gas flow in the gasifier, enhance the degree of reaction in a reaction chamber, improve the efficiency of the gasifier, and ensure efficient and stable operation of the gasifier.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a double-resistance tubular gasifier, which comprises a gasifier body, wherein a combustion reaction chamber is arranged in the gasifier body, a reaction chamber necking is arranged above the combustion reaction chamber, a gasification furnace slag necking is arranged below the combustion reaction chamber, a plurality of reaction chamber burners are arranged in the combustion reaction chamber, and the reaction chamber burners are connected with a dry coal powder system, a water vapor system and an oxygen system; a first resistance pipe is arranged above the necking of the reaction chamber, a second resistance pipe is arranged above the first resistance pipe, and two ends of the first resistance pipe and the second resistance pipe are respectively connected with the high-pressure steam system and the reaction chamber burner; a chilling gas nozzle is arranged above the gasification furnace body and connected with a chilling gas system.
Preferably, the combustion reaction chamber comprises an exothermic reaction chamber and an endothermic reaction chamber, the endothermic reaction chamber is arranged above the exothermic reaction chamber, an endothermic reaction chamber throat is arranged at the upper part of the endothermic reaction chamber, and an exothermic reaction chamber throat is arranged between the endothermic reaction chamber and the exothermic reaction chamber; a plurality of exothermic reaction chamber burners are arranged in the exothermic reaction chamber, and a plurality of endothermic reaction chamber burners are arranged in the endothermic reaction chamber; the first resistance pipe is connected with the endothermic reaction chamber burner, and the second resistance pipe is connected with the exothermic reaction chamber burner; the endothermic reaction chamber burner is connected with a dry pulverized coal system and a water vapor system, and the exothermic reaction chamber burner is connected with a dry pulverized coal system, a water vapor system and an oxygen system.
Further preferably, a steam shunt device is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the first resistance pipe and the heat-absorbing reaction chamber burner, and the steam shunt device is connected with the heat-releasing reaction chamber burner.
Further preferably, the steam diverging device comprises a controller and 2 regulating valves, wherein 1 regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the first resistance pipe and the endothermic reaction chamber burner, another regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the second resistance pipe and the exothermic reaction chamber burner, and the controller is respectively connected with the 2 regulating valves.
Further preferably, a first flowmeter is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the first resistance pipe and the endothermic reaction chamber burner, a second flowmeter is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the second resistance pipe and the exothermic reaction chamber burner, and the first flowmeter and the second flowmeter are respectively connected with the controller.
Further preferably, the first resistance tube and the second resistance tube are serpentine coils arranged in the same plane.
Further preferably, the first resistance pipe and the second resistance pipe are flat pipes.
Further preferably, the first resistance tube and the second resistance tube are perpendicular to each other.
Further preferably, the distance between the first resistance pipe and the second resistance pipe is smaller than 1/5 of the total height of the gasification furnace body.
Further preferably, the distance between the second resistance pipe and the chilling gas nozzle is greater than 1/10 of the total height of the gasifier body; the position of the chilling gas nozzle is lower than the waste boiler inlet, and the distance between the chilling gas nozzle and the waste boiler inlet in the vertical direction is 1/10 the total height of the gasifier body; the distance between the first resistance pipe and the necking of the reaction chamber is 1/10 of the total height of the gasification furnace body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention discloses a double-resistance pipe type gasification furnace, wherein a first resistance pipe and a second resistance pipe are arranged above the gasification furnace, and the disturbance of airflow in the gasification furnace can be increased by adopting a double-layer resistance pipe form. And meanwhile, the heated superheated steam in the first resistance pipe and the second resistance pipe is sprayed into the combustion reaction chamber through the reaction chamber burner, so that on one hand, the sensible heat of the synthesis gas is absorbed, the physical temperature of the synthesis gas is reduced, on the other hand, the second-stage reaction k (chemical reaction rate constant) value is increased, and the endothermic reaction of coal and water vapor is enhanced. The invention can increase the disturbance of the air flow in the gasification furnace, enhance the reaction degree in the reaction chamber, improve the efficiency of the gasification furnace and ensure the efficient and stable operation of the gasification furnace.
Further, for the two-chamber type gasification furnace, the gasification furnace slag necking can slow down the flow speed of slag, and increase the heat exchange of the slag and the reaction of carbon in liquid slag. The necking of the exothermic reaction chamber can increase the slag hanging rate of the exothermic reaction chamber of the gasification furnace. The necking of the endothermic reaction chamber can increase the mixing of the gases in the endothermic reaction chamber to increase the reaction rate.
Furthermore, because the difference of the steam flow needed by the exothermic reaction chamber and the endothermic reaction chamber is large, a steam splitter is arranged to split part of the superheated steam generated by the first resistance pipe into the exothermic reaction chamber.
Furthermore, the flow of the water vapor in the two connecting pipelines can be monitored in real time through the first flowmeter and the second flowmeter, and the water vapor is reasonably distributed after being calculated through the controller, so that the utilization rate of the superheated water vapor is improved.
Furthermore, the superheated steam generator adopts the snake-shaped bent pipe arranged in the same plane, so that the heat exchange efficiency is high.
Furthermore, first resistance pipe and second resistance pipe are flat pipes, increase the resistance when improving the heated area.
Furthermore, the first resistance pipe and the second resistance pipe are perpendicular to each other, and the disturbance effect is improved.
Further, the interval between first resistance pipe and the second resistance pipe is less than the total high 1/5 of gasifier body, and the interval is too big, influences the heating effect.
Further, the distance between the second resistance pipe and the chilling gas nozzle is larger than 1/10 of the total height of the gasification furnace body; the position of the chilling gas nozzle is lower than the waste boiler inlet, and the distance between the chilling gas nozzle and the waste boiler inlet in the vertical direction is 1/10 the total height of the gasifier body; on the one hand, the influence of the cold gas on the heating effect of the second resistance pipe is avoided, and on the other hand, the cold gas and the coal gas can be fully mixed and then enter the waste boiler. The distance between the first resistance pipe and the necking of the reaction chamber is 1/10 the total height of the gasification furnace body, and the influence on the arrangement of the necking and the furnace body water wall is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are included to illustrate and not to limit the invention:
the double-resistance tubular gasifier comprises a gasifier body, wherein a combustion reaction chamber is arranged in the gasifier body, a reaction chamber throat is arranged above the combustion reaction chamber, a gasifier slag throat 5 is arranged below the combustion reaction chamber, a plurality of reaction chamber burners are arranged in the combustion reaction chamber, and the reaction chamber burners are connected with a dry coal powder system, a water vapor system and an oxygen system; a first resistance pipe 3 is arranged above the necking of the reaction chamber, a second resistance pipe 4 is arranged above the first resistance pipe 3, and two ends of the first resistance pipe 3 and two ends of the second resistance pipe 4 are respectively connected with the high-pressure steam system and the burner of the reaction chamber; a chilling gas nozzle is arranged above the gasification furnace body and connected with a chilling gas system.
Referring to fig. 1, for the dual-chamber gasification furnace, the combustion reaction chamber includes an exothermic reaction chamber 8 and an endothermic reaction chamber 9, the endothermic reaction chamber 9 is disposed above the exothermic reaction chamber 8, an endothermic reaction chamber throat 7 is disposed at the upper portion of the endothermic reaction chamber 9, and an exothermic reaction chamber throat 6 is disposed between the endothermic reaction chamber 9 and the exothermic reaction chamber 8; a plurality of exothermic reaction chamber burners 1 are arranged in the exothermic reaction chamber 8, and a plurality of endothermic reaction chamber burners 2 are arranged in the endothermic reaction chamber 9; the first resistance pipe 3 is connected with the endothermic reaction chamber burner 2, and the second resistance pipe 4 is connected with the exothermic reaction chamber burner 1; the endothermic reaction chamber burner 2 is connected with a dry pulverized coal system and a water vapor system, and the exothermic reaction chamber burner 1 is connected with a dry pulverized coal system, a water vapor system and an oxygen system.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a steam shunt device 10 is disposed on the connection pipeline between the first resistance pipe 3 and the endothermic reaction chamber burner 2, and the steam shunt device 10 is connected with the exothermic reaction chamber burner 1. Preferably, the steam flow dividing device 10 includes a controller and 2 regulating valves, wherein 1 regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the first resistance pipe 3 and the endothermic reaction chamber burner 2, another regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the second resistance pipe 4 and the exothermic reaction chamber burner 1, and the controller is respectively connected with the 2 regulating valves. Preferably, a first flowmeter is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the first resistance pipe 3 and the endothermic reaction chamber burner 2, a second flowmeter is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the second resistance pipe 4 and the exothermic reaction chamber burner 1, and the first flowmeter and the second flowmeter are respectively connected with the controller.
First resistance pipe 3 and second resistance pipe 4 are when setting up, and the structural feature includes: like fig. 2, fig. 3, first resistance pipe 3 and second resistance pipe 4 are the snakelike coil pipe of arranging in the coplanar, and first resistance pipe 3 and second resistance pipe 4 are flat pipes, and first resistance pipe 3 and second resistance pipe 4 mutually perpendicular. The position points comprise: the distance between the first resistance pipe 3 and the second resistance pipe 4 is less than 1/5 of the total height of the gasification furnace body. The distance between the second resistance pipe 4 and the chilling gas nozzle is greater than 1/10 of the total height of the gasifier body; the position of the chilling gas nozzle is lower than the waste boiler inlet, and the distance between the chilling gas nozzle and the waste boiler inlet in the vertical direction is 1/10 the total height of the gasifier body; the distance between the first resistance pipe 3 and the reaction chamber necking is 1/10 of the total height of the gasification furnace body.
The effects of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to a specific embodiment:
the detailed parameters of the gasification furnace are as follows:
the low-grade calorific value of the coal powder received by the two-section dry coal powder pressurized gasifier of 2000t/d is 14.92 MJ/kg.
Through simulation and experiment, the feed of the gasification furnace is as follows:
4 exothermic reaction chamber burners 1 are arranged in the exothermic reaction chamber 8, wherein 18854kg/h of dry pulverized coal is added, 15200kg/h of oxygen is added, and 1638kg/h of water vapor is added;
2 endothermic reaction chamber burners are arranged in the endothermic reaction chamber 9, 5938kg/h of dry coal powder is added for each burner, and 1697kg/h of superheated steam is added for each burner.
The first resistance pipe 3 is arranged 1 m above the necking 7 of the endothermic reaction chamber in the form of a coil pipe; the second resistance tube 4 is arranged 1 meter above the first resistance tube 3 in a coil form in a direction perpendicular to the first resistance tube 3. The superheated steam flow that first resistance pipe 3 produced is 32097kg/h, satisfies the gasifier needs, and efficient resistance pipe gasifier, great improvement gasifier carbon conversion rate, cold coal gas efficiency reach more than 84%, and great reduction circulation chilling tolerance.
The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and although some terms are used in the present invention, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for convenience in describing and explaining the nature of the invention and are to be construed as any additional limitation which is not in accordance with the spirit of the invention. The foregoing is merely an illustration of the present invention for the purpose of providing an easy understanding and is not intended to limit the present invention to the particular embodiments disclosed herein, and any technical extensions or innovations made herein are protected by the present invention.