CN112795294A - Water-based paint, preparation method thereof, spraying method and product - Google Patents
Water-based paint, preparation method thereof, spraying method and product Download PDFInfo
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- CN112795294A CN112795294A CN202110020213.0A CN202110020213A CN112795294A CN 112795294 A CN112795294 A CN 112795294A CN 202110020213 A CN202110020213 A CN 202110020213A CN 112795294 A CN112795294 A CN 112795294A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
- B05D3/0406—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being air
- B05D3/0426—Cooling with air
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
- B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4063—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/62 with other macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/62—Polymers of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08G18/6216—Polymers of alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or of derivatives thereof
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a water-based paint, a preparation method thereof, a spraying method and a product, wherein the water-based paint comprises the following components: a primer composition and a curing composition, wherein the primer composition comprises: water-based hydroxypropyl resin, water-based saturated polyester resin, water, cosolvent and auxiliary agent; the curing composition comprises: an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a solvent; the coated film after spraying has smooth surface and no pockmark and other problems.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of coatings, and particularly relates to a water-based coating, a preparation method thereof, a spraying method and a product.
Background
With the development of the artificial intelligence society, the requirements of people on intelligent consumer products such as mobile phones, notebooks, intelligent homes and the like are continuously improved, and particularly, the requirements on appearance decoration of the intelligent consumer products are higher, and the requirements are closely related to the coating of the products, namely the sprayed coating.
At present, the coating mainly comprises a water-based coating and a solvent-based coating, and the water-based coating gradually replaces the solvent-based coating along with the increasing requirement of people on environmental protection, but a coating film formed by the water-based coating by adopting a thermal spraying technology usually has the problems of 'hard spots' and the like, so that a pitted surface is formed, the appearance of a product is poor, and the user experience is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a water-based paint, a preparation method thereof, a spraying method thereof, and a product, so as to solve the technical problems that a coating film formed after thermal spraying of the paint has "pock marks" and the like.
To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present application provides an aqueous coating material comprising: the primer composition comprises water-based hydroxypropyl resin, water-based saturated polyester resin, water, a cosolvent and an auxiliary agent. A curing composition comprising an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a solvent. Wherein the solid content of the primer composition is 25-40%, and the water-based hydroxypropyl resin is a water-based acrylate dispersion or a water-based polyurethane dispersion.
Optionally, the primer composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 25-45 parts of water-based hydroxypropyl resin, 1-10 parts of water-based saturated polyester resin, 5-15 parts of water, 2-20 parts of cosolvent, 1-15 parts of assistant and 5-40 parts of color paste.
Optionally, the glass transition temperature of the water-based hydroxypropyl resin is 5-40 ℃.
Optionally, the cosolvent comprises a first cosolvent and a second cosolvent, the first cosolvent is an alcohol or alcohol ether solvent with a relative volatilization rate of more than or equal to 4 and capable of forming an azeotropic solvent with water, and the second cosolvent is a solvent with a relative volatilization rate of less than or equal to 1, based on the volatilization rate of 100 of butyl acetate.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the first cosolvent to the second cosolvent is 1-10: 1 to 10
Optionally, the auxiliary agent comprises a first wetting agent, a second wetting agent and a third wetting agent, wherein the first wetting agent is a polyether modified siloxane wetting agent capable of reducing the surface tension of the water-based paint, the second wetting agent is a polyether modified siloxane wetting agent capable of improving the atomization effect of the water-based paint during spraying, and the third wetting agent is a non-silicon wetting agent.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the first wetting agent to the second wetting agent to the third wetting agent is 0.1-2: 0.1-2: 0.1 to 2.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a water-based paint, comprising the steps of: preparing a raw material according to the components contained in the aqueous coating material of any one of the above; mixing water and a cosolvent to prepare a first mixed solution; adding the first mixed solution into water-based hydroxypropyl resin and water-based saturated polyester resin, and mixing to obtain a second mixed solution; adding an auxiliary agent and color paste into the second mixed solution, and mixing to obtain a primer composition; the aliphatic polyisocyanate and the solvent are mixed to prepare a cured composition.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for spraying an aqueous coating material, comprising the steps of:
sequentially adjusting the viscosity of the water-based paint by water and filtering; the temperature of the base material is adjusted to be less than or equal to 60 ℃, and the spraying air pressure of the water-based paint is adjusted to be 3kgf/cm2～4kgf/cm2Spraying the base material for the first time and cooling the base material, and adjusting the spraying pressure of the water-based paint to be 2kgf/cm2～3kgf/cm2Carrying out secondary spraying treatment on the base material; and baking for 15-25 min at 70-80 ℃ after the second spraying treatment to obtain the product.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an article comprising: a substrate; and a coating layer formed on at least a part of the surface of the base material by spraying using the above-mentioned spraying method.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the following beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment of the application, the solid content in the water-based paint is controlled to be 25-40%, the proper coating thickness can be controlled, the phenomenon that the coating thickness is too high or too low can not be caused, and the coating formed after thermal spraying is smooth in surface and free of the problems of pockmarks and the like. The water-based hydroxypropyl resin and the water-based saturated polyester tree are jointly used as film forming substances, and the characteristics of slow drying of the water-based hydroxypropyl resin and no drying of the water-based saturated polyester resin can be utilized, so that a sprayed wet film has good fluidity and leveling property, and a good appearance effect is provided for a dried film.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description describes embodiments of the present application, which are exemplary and intended to be illustrative of the application and are not to be construed as limiting the application.
Optional components not contemplated by the present invention are not contemplated to be excluded from the composition where the composition is described as including or comprising specific components, and the composition is contemplated to be comprised or consisting of the components involved, or optional process steps not contemplated by the present invention are contemplated to be excluded from the method where the method is described as including or comprising specific process steps, and the method is contemplated to be comprised or consisting of the process steps involved. The terms "comprise," "include," "contain," and variations thereof, when appearing in the specification and claims, are not to be construed in a limiting sense. In the context of the present application, "aqueous hydroxypropyl resin in the form of an aqueous dispersion" means that the aqueous hydroxypropyl resin may be uniformly dispersed in water in any proportion, with or without the aid of a cosolvent, to form a homogeneous stable solution. In the context of the present application, the term "solids content" refers to the weight percentage of non-volatile components in the system.
As used herein, the term "basecoat" refers to a coating composition that may be applied to a substrate and dried, crosslinked, or otherwise hardened to form a non-tacky continuous film with sufficient adhesion to the substrate surface. As used herein, the term "topcoat" refers to a coating composition that can be overlaid onto a basecoat layer and dried, crosslinked, or otherwise hardened to form a decorative or protective outermost finish layer.
For the sake of brevity, only some numerical ranges are explicitly disclosed herein. However, any lower limit may be combined with any upper limit to form ranges not explicitly recited; and any lower limit may be combined with any other lower limit to form a range not explicitly recited, and similarly any upper limit may be combined with any other upper limit to form a range not explicitly recited. Also, although not explicitly recited, each point or individual value between endpoints of a range is encompassed within the range. Thus, each point or individual value can form a range not explicitly recited as its own lower or upper limit in combination with any other point or individual value or in combination with other lower or upper limits.
The embodiment of the application provides a water-based paint, a preparation method thereof, a spraying method and a product.
In a first aspect, embodiments herein provide a water-borne coating that may include a primer composition that may include: the primer composition comprises water-based hydroxypropyl resin, water-based saturated polyester resin, water, a cosolvent and an auxiliary agent, wherein the solid content of the primer composition is controlled to be 25-40%.
The aqueous coating may further include a curing composition, which may include an aliphatic polyisocyanate, which means an aliphatic polyisocyanate compound, an aliphatic polyisocyanate oligomer or a component thereof containing two or more isocyanate functional groups (NCO) capable of undergoing a chain extension and crosslinking reaction with active hydrogen to form a three-dimensional network structure, and a solvent, which may be at least one of Propylene Glycol Diacetate (PGDA) and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PMA). Aliphatic polyisocyanate is used as a curing agent of the water-based paint, can form a coating with good adhesive force with water-based hydroxypropyl resin and water-based saturated polyester resin, and can be combined with active hydrogen in a base material and/or a base coating film to carry out network crosslinking in the curing process to form a compact coating.
As an example of a suitable aliphatic polyisocyanate, an aliphatic polyisocyanate compound such as Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) or the like can be used. As an example of a suitable aliphatic polyisocyanate, commercially available BAYERBayhydur 3100 or the like can be used.
When the solid content is lower than 25%, in order to achieve the required film thickness, under the condition of increasing the thickness of a wet film, a fat edge is easily caused; when the solid content is higher than 40%, the required dry film thickness can be achieved by spraying a thinner wet film, but because the surface temperature of the substrate is higher, the cosolvent and the water in the water-based paint are easy to evaporate, the formed wet film is drier, and the wet film cannot flow, so that the surface of the finally formed coating film is rough. According to the embodiment of the application, the solid content in the water-based paint is controlled to be 25-40%, the proper coating thickness can be controlled, the phenomenon that the coating thickness is too high or too low can not be caused, and the coating formed after thermal spraying is smooth in surface and free of the problems of pockmarks and the like.
In order to further improve the performance of the coating film, the water-based hydroxypropyl resin is selected, and as an example of the proper water-based hydroxypropyl resin, the glass transition temperature Tg of the water-based hydroxypropyl resin is 5-40 ℃; when the paint liquid prepared from the water-based hydroxypropyl resin is sprayed on a hotter base material, the Tg point is low, the surface drying speed is slow, and the paint liquid can be quickly dissolved in a corresponding mixed solvent in the presence of a small amount of water and a cosolvent, shows certain fluidity, enhances the film forming continuity of a coating film on the base material, and can provide certain hardness after being cured and dried. As an example of a suitable aqueous hydroxypropyl resin, an aqueous acrylate dispersion or an aqueous polyurethane dispersion may be selected.
As an example of a suitable water-based saturated polyester resin, since the water-based saturated polyester resin has a good leveling property, when a solvent and water are volatilized, the water-based saturated polyester resin is not physically dried and still has good fluidity, and the fluidity is good in the presence of a small amount of water and a cosolvent; however, if only the water-based saturated polyester resin is used as the film-forming resin, the hardness of the cured coating film is low; the water-based saturated polyester resin and the water-based hydroxypropyl resin are used as film forming substances together, and the hardness of a coating film formed by the water-based hydroxypropyl resin is increased, so that the defect of insufficient hardness of the water-based saturated polyester resin can be overcome; and the water-based hydroxypropyl resin and the water-based saturated polyester resin can be interacted to form a three-dimensional network structure, so that a coating film with a stable structure is formed. As examples of suitable aqueous saturated polyester resins, commercially available Worle chemical Worle Pol 1181/03 or Worle Pol 1241 or the like may be used.
The water-based hydroxypropyl resin and the water-based saturated polyester tree are jointly used as film forming substances, and the characteristics of slow drying of the water-based hydroxypropyl resin and no drying of the water-based saturated polyester resin can be utilized, so that a sprayed wet film has good fluidity and leveling property, and a good appearance effect is provided for a dried film.
In the selection of the cosolvent, the cosolvent can be selected from a plurality of solvents, for example, the cosolvent can include a first cosolvent and a second cosolvent, based on the butyl acetate volatilization rate 100, the first cosolvent is an alcohol or alcohol ether solvent which has a relative volatilization rate of not less than 4 and can form an azeotropic solvent with water, and the second cosolvent is a solvent having a relative volatilization rate of not more than 1.
As examples of suitable first co-solvents, the first co-solvent may be one or more of butanol, isopropanol, propylene glycol methyl ether PM, dipropylene glycol methyl ether DPM; the first cosolvent and water can form an azeotropic solvent, and when the first cosolvent and water are sprayed to the surface of a hot substrate, a large amount of heat can be quickly taken away by utilizing the higher specific heat capacity of water, so that the surface temperature of the substrate is reduced.
As examples of suitable second co-solvents, the second co-solvent may be one or more of dipropylene glycol butyl ether, DPnB, vinylpyrrolidone, NEEP, propylene glycol phenyl ether, PPH; the second cosolvent has relatively low volatilization rate and high boiling point, so that when the second cosolvent is sprayed on the surface of a hot base material, the volatilization amount of the second cosolvent is relatively small, and a large amount of the second cosolvent can be used for dissolving water-based hydroxypropyl resin and water-based saturated polyester resin to provide fluidity for the resin.
Controlling the mass ratio of the first cosolvent to the second cosolvent to be 1-10: 1 to 10. The first cosolvent and the second cosolvent have synergistic effect, can dissolve the resin while taking away heat, and provide fluidity, leveling property and film forming continuity for the resin.
In the selection of the auxiliary agent, the auxiliary agent can comprise a wetting agent, a leveling agent, a matting agent and an aqueous thickener.
It is to be understood that the wetting agent can be a plurality, for example, the wetting agent can include a first wetting agent, a second wetting agent, and a third wetting agent; wherein the first wetting agent is polyether modified siloxane, and commercially available diutan chemical can be used
Wet 270、
At least one of Twin 4100, BYK-346 and BYK-348, the wetting agent can strongly reduce the surface tension and has better wetting effect, and the coating film still has better wetting effect even if diluted to a very low concentration by water. The second wetting agent is a polyether modified siloxane, commercially available diutan chemistry can be used
Wet 240 and/or
Wet 245, the wetting agent can improve the atomization effect of the coating during spraying, has better coating film spreading effect during thin coating, and is beneficial to spreading during thin coating and forming a continuous Wet film. The third wetting agent is a non-silicon based wetting agent, and commercially available diutan chemistry can be used
Wet 500、
At least one of Wet 505 and Surfynol 104E, such wetting agent can improve the quick wetting property of the coating film, and can cooperate with the first wetting agent and the second wetting agent to perform quick wetting leveling of the coating film.
Controlling the mass ratio of the first wetting agent to the second wetting agent to the third wetting agent to be 0.1-2: 0.1-2: 0.1 to 2. The first wetting agent, the second wetting agent and the third wetting agent are in proportion, so that the surface tension of the coating film can be reduced strongly, the second wetting agent enables the paint liquid to have a better atomization effect when spraying, and a continuous coating film is easy to form when fine paint mist is sprayed on the surface of a base material. When the coating is thinly coated, the coating can be quickly spread on the surface of a base material, the leveling time of the coating is shortened, and a better appearance can be formed after curing.
As an example of a suitable leveling agent, the leveling agent may be of the silicone type, and commercially available digao chemistry may be used
Glide 450、
Glide 425 and
at least one of the Glide 406 does not affect the recoating of the coating film and has better leveling property.
As an example of color paste, the color paste can be selected from aqueous titanium white paste, the solid content of the color paste is 70%, and at least one of commercially available DuPont R706, DuPont R902 and New Ford NTR-606 titanium white can be used, so that the color paste has better whiteness and hiding power.
As an example of a suitable matting agent, at least one of commercially available Tosoh E-1011, Grace SYLOID C803 and Texaco ACEMATT OK520 may be used, and has a matting effect.
As an example of a suitable aqueous thickener, at least one of commercially available humble rheeolate 299, basf rheeol HS1332 and minling TAFIGEL PUR62, which is a medium-low shear thickener, may be used, and may play a thickening role.
In some embodiments, the components in the water-based paint are as follows in parts by mass: the primer composition comprises 25-45 parts of water-based hydroxypropyl resin, 1-10 parts of water-based saturated polyester resin, 5-15 parts of water, 2-20 parts of cosolvent, 1-15 parts of assistant and 5-40 parts of color paste; 10-15 parts of a curing composition, wherein the mass ratio of the aliphatic polyisocyanate to the solvent is 70-85: 15 to 30.
As one example of a suitable water-based paint, the water-based paint comprises a primer composition and a curing composition, wherein the primer composition comprises 25 parts of water-based hydroxypropyl resin, 10 parts of water-based saturated polyester resin, 10 parts of water, 15 parts of cosolvent, 10 parts of auxiliary agent and 20 parts of color paste; 14 parts of a curing composition, wherein the curing composition comprises aliphatic polyisocyanate and propylene glycol diacetate, and the mass ratio of the aliphatic polyisocyanate to the propylene glycol diacetate is 80: 20.
as a second example of a suitable water-based paint, the water-based paint comprises a primer composition and a curing composition, wherein the primer composition comprises 45 parts of water-based hydroxypropyl resin, 1 part of water-based saturated polyester resin, 15 parts of water, 20 parts of cosolvent, 8 parts of auxiliary agent and 30 parts of color paste; 14 parts of a curing composition, wherein the curing composition comprises aliphatic polyisocyanate and propylene glycol diacetate, and the mass ratio of the aliphatic polyisocyanate to the propylene glycol diacetate is 80: 20.
as a third example of a suitable water-based paint, the water-based paint comprises a primer composition and a curing composition, wherein the primer composition comprises 30 parts of water-based hydroxypropyl resin, 5 parts of water-based saturated polyester resin, 6 parts of water, 10 parts of cosolvent, 9 parts of auxiliary agent and 32 parts of color paste; 14 parts of a curing composition, wherein the curing composition comprises aliphatic polyisocyanate and propylene glycol diacetate, and the mass ratio of the aliphatic polyisocyanate to the propylene glycol diacetate is 80: 20.
fourth, as an example of a suitable water-based paint, the water-based paint comprises a primer composition and a curing composition, wherein the primer composition comprises 36 parts of water-based hydroxypropyl resin, 3 parts of water-based saturated polyester resin, 16.3 parts of water, 11 parts of cosolvent, 12 parts of assistant and 33.7 parts of color paste; 14 parts of a curing composition, wherein the curing composition comprises aliphatic polyisocyanate and propylene glycol diacetate, and the mass ratio of the aliphatic polyisocyanate to the propylene glycol diacetate is 80: 20.
the water can be deionized water, purified water and the like which can not interfere with the reaction of other components of the coating.
As an example of the embodiment of the application, the water-based paint comprises the following components in parts by mass:
the primer composition comprises: 25-45 parts of water-based hydroxypropyl resin, 1-10 parts of water-based saturated polyester resin, 5-15 parts of deionized water, 1-10 parts of a first cosolvent, 1-10 parts of a second cosolvent, 0.1-2 parts of a defoaming agent, 0.1-2 parts of a first wetting agent, 0.1-2 parts of a third wetting agent, 0.1-1 part of a flatting agent, 15-35 parts of water-based titanium white slurry (the solid content is 70%), 1-4 parts of matting powder and 0.1-2 parts of a water-based thickener; 10-15 parts of a curing composition, wherein the mass ratio of aliphatic polyisocyanate to propylene glycol diacetate is 80: 20.
as a specific example of the embodiment of the present application, the water-based paint comprises the following components in parts by mass:
the primer composition comprises: 36 parts of water-based hydroxypropyl resin, 3 parts of water-based saturated polyester resin, 16.3 parts of deionized water, 5 parts of a first cosolvent, 6 parts of a second cosolvent, 0.5 part of a defoaming agent, 0.7 part of a first wetting agent, 0.5 part of a third wetting agent, 0.5 part of a leveling agent, 27 parts of water-based titanium white slurry (with the solid content of 70%), 3 parts of matting powder and 1 part of a water-based thickening agent. 14 parts of a curing composition, wherein the mass ratio of aliphatic polyisocyanate to propylene glycol diacetate is 80: 20.
as a specific example of the embodiment of the present application, the water-based paint comprises the following components in parts by mass:
the primer composition comprises: 30 parts of water-based hydroxypropyl resin, 3 parts of water-based saturated polyester resin, 26.3 parts of deionized water, 5 parts of a first cosolvent, 6 parts of a second cosolvent, 0.5 part of a defoaming agent, 0.7 part of a first wetting agent, 0.5 part of a third wetting agent, 0.5 part of a leveling agent, 23 parts of water-based titanium white slurry (the solid content is 70%), 3 parts of matting powder and 1 part of a water-based thickening agent. 12 parts of a curing composition, wherein the mass ratio of aliphatic polyisocyanate to propylene glycol diacetate is 80: 20.
as a specific example of the embodiment of the present application, the water-based paint comprises the following components in parts by mass:
the primer composition comprises: 40 parts of water-based hydroxypropyl resin, 3 parts of water-based saturated polyester resin, 10.3 parts of deionized water, 5 parts of a first cosolvent, 6 parts of a second cosolvent, 0.5 part of a defoaming agent, 0.7 part of a first wetting agent, 0.5 part of a third wetting agent, 0.5 part of a leveling agent, 29 parts of water-based titanium white slurry (with the solid content of 70%), 3 parts of matting powder and 1 part of a water-based thickening agent.
15 parts of a curing composition, wherein the mass ratio of aliphatic polyisocyanate to propylene glycol diacetate is 80: 20.
the embodiment of the application controls the types of the resin and the auxiliary agent in the formula and the solid content of the water-based paint, the surface temperature of the base material is quickly reduced by utilizing the principles of evaporation heat absorption and azeotropic solvent, meanwhile, the slow-drying solvent has good solubility to the resin, so that the coating film has certain fluidity, the water-based resin with good fluidity is selected, and the prepared coating film also has good fluidity.
According to the embodiment of the application, the components are controlled in types and contents, so that the components have a synergistic interaction effect, and the stability and the good dispersibility of the coating are achieved.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing a water-based paint, comprising the steps of:
s01, preparing raw materials according to the components and the content thereof contained in the water-based paint of the embodiment;
s02, mixing water and a cosolvent to prepare a first mixed solution;
s03, adding the first mixed solution into water-based hydroxypropyl resin and water-based saturated polyester resin, and mixing to obtain a second mixed solution;
s04, adding an auxiliary agent and color paste into the second mixed solution, and mixing to obtain a primer composition;
s05, mixing the aliphatic polyisocyanate and the solvent to obtain a cured composition.
Specifically, in the step of preparing the first mixed solution in step S02, the mixing treatment is to disperse water and the cosolvent at 300-500 r/min for 2-3 min; preferably, the mixing treatment can be carried out by dispersing at 400r/min for 2.5 min.
Specifically, in the step of preparing the second mixed solution in the step S03, the mixing treatment is to add the first mixed solution into the mixed solution of the water-based hydroxypropyl resin and the water-based saturated polyester, and disperse the mixed solution at 800 to 1000r/min for 10 to 15min to perform mixing treatment; preferably, the mixing treatment can be carried out by dispersing at 900r/min for 12 min.
Specifically, in the step of preparing the primer composition in the step S04, the mixing treatment is to add the auxiliary agent and the color paste into the second mixed solution, and disperse the mixture for 15-20 min at 1000-1500 r/min for mixing treatment; preferably, the mixing treatment can be carried out by dispersing at 1250r/min for 18 min.
Specifically, the mixing treatment in step S05 is a step of curing the composition. The mixing treatment is to disperse the aliphatic polyisocyanate and the solvent for 15-20 min at 500-1000 r/min for mixing treatment; preferably, the mixing treatment can be carried out by dispersing at 800r/min for 16 min.
The applicant finds that for the coating modes of two-coating and multi-coating, a Spindle wire is mostly adopted, spraying and baking are finished on the wire, the temperature is 40-60 ℃ when the coating flows out of a Spindle wire drying room to a paint spraying room, and the temperature is as high as 60 ℃ or above for heavy metal base materials; the baked substrate is easily caused to start the next spraying without being cooled to the room temperature, so that after the corresponding coating paint liquid is sprayed to the substrate with higher temperature, moisture and solvent in the paint liquid are instantly volatilized to form uneven and irregular solid particles, so that pits are formed on the surface, the appearance is rough, and the higher the spraying temperature is, the rougher the surface appearance is.
As the thickness of the coating film of the intelligent consumer product is usually lower, such as 5-25 μm, the hot spraying method is more likely to cause the formation of pitted surface, which causes poor appearance. In order to solve the above problems, the applicant proposed a spray coating method based on the above adjustment of the formulation of the aqueous coating.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a spraying method, including the following steps:
s10, sequentially adjusting the viscosity of the water-based paint with water and filtering;
s20, adjusting the temperature of the base material to be less than or equal to 60 ℃,
s30, adjusting the spraying air pressure of the water paint to 3kgf/cm2～4kgf/cm2Spraying the base material for the first time and cooling the base material, and adjusting the spraying pressure of the water-based paint to be 2kgf/cm2～3kgf/cm2And carrying out secondary spraying treatment on the base material.
Specifically, the specific number of the spray guns can be determined according to actual production requirements, 8 spray guns are adopted in the general spraying process, and the spraying air pressure of the first spray gun to the second spray gun can be adjusted to be 3kgf/cm2～4kgf/cm2The spraying treatment and the cooling treatment are carried out on the base material for the first time, and in the spraying treatment process for the first time, the spraying flow can be reduced through the actual spraying process, and the cooling treatment on the base material can be better realized through the atmospheric pressure small flow. The spraying air pressure of the other spray guns is 2kgf/cm2～3kgf/cm2And carrying out secondary spraying treatment on the base material.
Of course, the spraying pressure of the first to third spray guns can be adjusted to 3kgf/cm2～4kgf/cm2And carrying out primary spraying treatment on the base material and cooling treatment. The spraying air pressure of the other spray guns is 2kgf/cm2～3kgf/cm2And carrying out secondary spraying treatment on the base material.
The spraying air pressure of the first to fourth spray guns can also be adjusted to carry out the first spraying treatment on the base material and carry out cooling treatment. The spraying air pressure of the other spray guns is 2kgf/cm2～3kgf/cm2And carrying out secondary spraying treatment on the base material.
And S40, baking for 15-25 min at 70-80 ℃ after the second spraying treatment to obtain the product.
Specifically, the filtering means in step S10 may be normal pressure filtering or the like to remove insoluble substances, and the mesh number of the filter cloth may be set to 150-300 mesh.
During construction, Spindle line spraying equipment can be utilized, high-pressure dust removal equipment is adopted, air pressure is adjusted, the base material is physically cooled for the first time, the surface temperature of the base material is guaranteed to be less than or equal to 60 ℃, and the temperature of the base material can be reduced by 5-10 ℃; the principle of evaporation and heat absorption is utilized during spraying, the spraying flow and the air pressure of the spray gun are adjusted, the substrate is cooled for the second time, and finally the temperature of the substrate is reduced to the normal temperature, so that the paint film has a good leveling property, and a product with a good appearance is produced. The number of the general linear spray guns is 8, the first two to four spray guns can adopt an atmospheric pressure small flow spraying method to quickly reduce the surface temperature of the base material, and after the temperature of the base material is reduced, the rest spray guns adopt medium air pressure large flow spraying to provide the required dry film thickness and the corresponding surface leveling effect.
Optionally, during spraying, the water-based paint is adjusted to have viscosity of 8.5-14 s, and is used for reducing surface temperature and assisting leveling, paint film edge fatting is easily caused when the viscosity is too low, and the surface appearance is rough when the viscosity is too high.
According to the embodiment of the application, the paint film with good appearance is prepared by controlling the types of the resin and the auxiliary agent in the formula and the solid content of the paint, adjusting the construction process on the basis of the original equipment according to the line construction equipment of a mould factory and adjusting the formula and construction. The surface temperature of the base material is quickly reduced by utilizing the principles of evaporation heat absorption and azeotropic solvent, meanwhile, the paint film has certain fluidity by utilizing the good solubility of the slow-drying solvent to the resin, and the prepared paint film also has good fluidity by selecting the water-based resin with good fluidity. During construction, the spindle line body spraying equipment is utilized, the dust removal equipment is adopted firstly, the physical cooling of the base material is carried out for the first time, the spraying flow of the spray gun is utilized again, the cooling of the base material is carried out for the second time, and finally the temperature of the base material is reduced to the normal temperature, so that the paint film has a good leveling characteristic, and a product with a good appearance is produced. According to the embodiment of the application, the adjusted formula of the water-based paint and the corresponding thermal spraying process are cooperated to play a role, so that the problem that the surface of a product after being off-line has more pits under the condition of a low dry film thickness when the water-based paint is thermally sprayed on a spindle line at present can be solved.
The coating film prepared by the water-based coating in the embodiment has better fluidity, and the water-based coating is coated on a substrate to obtain a product with good appearance. The substrate may be a wooden substrate, a plastic substrate, or a metal substrate, such as a housing of a mobile phone, a notebook, a smart home, or the like, as the substrate.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an article comprising:
a substrate; and a coating layer applied on at least a part of the surface of the substrate, wherein the coating layer can be obtained by the water-based paint prepared by the preparation method of the first aspect, the coating layer can also be obtained by the water-based paint prepared by the preparation method of the second aspect, and the coating layer can also be formed by spraying by the spraying method of the third aspect.
The aqueous coating can be applied to the substrate by a process that includes spraying (e.g., air assisted, airless). In one embodiment of the present application, the aqueous coating is applied by spraying, can be applied in a variety of wet film thicknesses, and can be cured by allowing the sprayed coating to air dry or by accelerating the cure using various drying devices, such as ovens, well known to those skilled in the art.
The present application is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
the components and the parts by mass of the examples 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 4 are shown in table 1, wherein the curing composition is aliphatic polyisocyanate, and the mass ratio of the curing composition is bayer Bayhydur 3100: PGDA 80: 20.
table 1: components and parts by mass tables of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4
In examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4, the pigment ratio in the formula was controlled at 1/1, and the corresponding formula was adjusted to prepare aqueous coatings with different solid contents.
The concrete construction processes of the embodiments 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 and 3 to 4 are as follows:
adding the curing composition and water into the primer composition in the prepared water-based paint according to parts by mass, uniformly stirring, adjusting the spraying viscosity to 8.5-10 s, filtering with 150-300-mesh filter cloth, and spraying on a machine. Before spraying the spindle wire body, the air pressure of the dust removal equipment is set according to the temperature of the base material flowing out of the oven (for example, when the temperature of the base material is less than 40 ℃, the air pressure can not be started), the base material is physically cooled for the first time, when the base material flows into the spraying room, the spraying flow of the spray guns is adjusted for 2-4 times before, the physical cooling is performed for the second time on the base material, the spraying flow of the rest spray guns is adjusted to control the surface leveling effect of the dry film thickness of the paint film under 25-30 mu m, the paint film is baked for 20min at 80 ℃, and the surface effect of the dried paint film is checked. The results are shown in Table 2.
Comparative example 2 is a conventional construction using the formulation of example 3, the specific conventional construction process is as follows:
adding a curing agent and water into the primer composition in the prepared water-based paint according to parts by weight, uniformly stirring, adjusting the spraying viscosity to 8.5-10 s, filtering with 150-300-mesh filter cloth, and spraying on a machine. During spraying, the dust collecting equipment who does not utilize the line body carries out physics cooling to the substrate, when the substrate flows into and spouts the room, does not set up the spray gun deliberately, and every spray gun all is according to normal atmospheric pressure 2 ~ 3kgf/cm2Spraying at a flow rate, controlling the thickness of a dry film of the paint film to be 25-30 mu m, baking at 80 ℃ for 20min, and checking the surface effect of the dried paint film. The results are shown in Table 2.
The water-based paint spraying base material is an intelligent household metal base material (the thickness of the metal base material is about 1cm) covered with a primer, the temperature of the surface base material is 60-80 ℃ when the water-based paint flows to a spraying room from an oven, and the water-based paint can be cooled to the room temperature only by carrying out physical cooling twice. The viscosity is 8.5-10 s, which is the viscosity data measured by a 25 ℃ Caien 3# cup.
Table 2: physical property test results of the coatings of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-4
When the solid content is lower than 25%, the temperature of the base material is reduced to room temperature, and the thickness of the wet film is further increased to reach the required film thickness, so that the edge manuring is easily caused. When the solid content of the coating is higher and is more than 40 percent, the required dry film thickness is achieved by spraying a thinner wet film, the formed wet film is drier due to the evaporation of the solvent and water caused by the higher temperature of the base material, and the paint film cannot flow, so that the surface is rough.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method has the advantages that only the water-based hydroxypropyl resin is adopted, the water-based saturated polyester resin with a good leveling effect is not adopted, only the first wetting agent and the third wetting agent are adopted, the film forming effect is poor, and the surface of the formed paint film is rough. The solid content was higher than in examples 1 to 4. When the solid content of the paint liquid is higher, the sprayed thinner wet film reaches the required dry film thickness, the temperature of the base material is higher, the solvent and the water are evaporated, the formed wet film is drier, the wet film cannot flow when being thinner, and the formed paint film is drier after drying.
Comparative example 2, although the coating was prepared according to the formulation of example 3, according to the conventional construction process, since the substrate in the drying room flowed into the spray room with a high temperature due to the first physical cooling without using a wire-based dust removal device, the spraying was started, and when the spraying was performed according to the conventional spraying process, the spraying flow and the air pressure of each spray gun were approximately the same, and when several spray gun paint liquids were sprayed onto the substrate, the paint film dried faster due to the high substrate temperature, and could not be leveled to form a continuous paint film. After the temperature is reduced after the spraying, because the solvent amount in the paint liquid sprayed by the later spray guns can not dissolve the dried paint film forming matter formed after the former spray guns are sprayed, and finally, a continuous paint film can not be formed, the dried paint film is rough.
Comparative example 3, the first cosolvent is not adopted, only the second cosolvent is adopted, although the second cosolvent can form an azeotropic solvent with water, so that the temperature of the base material can be rapidly reduced to room temperature, the second cosolvent has a large volatilization amount after forming the azeotropic solvent with water, and a small amount of solvent is remained in a paint film leveling section, so that the solvent amount required by paint film leveling is not enough to dissolve a film-forming substance, and a wet film cannot achieve a good leveling effect, so that the surface effect is rough.
Comparative example 4, do not adopt the second cosolvent, only adopt the first cosolvent, because during earlier stage spraying, the substrate temperature is higher, the substrate cooling relies on the evaporation of moisture, and the specific heat of water is higher, volatilize and need absorb more heat, can't make the substrate rapid cooling in short time, although remaining high boiling point solvent can dissolve the film forming material, nevertheless because the substrate temperature drops slowly, it is few to flow horizontal section water and solvent residue, the wet film can not flow the levelling fast, finally cause the paint film appearance after the drying to be coarse.
In examples 1 to 4, the surface of the paint film becomes smoother as the solid content increases; however, as the solids content continues to increase, the smoothness of the paint film surface also tends to decrease. The paint film of the embodiment 3 has the best effect and is the best embodiment.
In conclusion, the formulation of example 3 has a suitable solid content, and the characteristics of rapid evaporation of the cosolvent to lower the substrate temperature and dissolve the film-forming material are fully utilized, and the coating with a fine and smooth appearance is prepared by mixing the components in a better proportion and utilizing the given thermal spraying process principle.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An aqueous coating, comprising:
the primer composition comprises water-based hydroxypropyl resin, water-based saturated polyester resin, water, a cosolvent and an auxiliary agent,
a curing composition comprising an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a solvent;
the solid content of the primer composition is 25-40%, and the water-based hydroxypropyl resin is a water-based acrylate dispersion or a water-based polyurethane dispersion.
2. The water-based paint according to claim 1, wherein the primer composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 25-45 parts of water-based hydroxypropyl resin, 1-10 parts of water-based saturated polyester resin, 5-15 parts of water, 2-20 parts of cosolvent, 1-15 parts of assistant and 5-40 parts of color paste.
3. The water-based paint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the glass transition temperature of the water-based hydroxypropyl resin is 5-40 ℃.
4. The water-based paint as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the cosolvent comprises a first cosolvent and a second cosolvent, based on the butyl acetate volatilization rate 100, the first cosolvent is an alcohol or alcohol ether solvent with a relative volatilization rate of not less than 4 and capable of forming an azeotropic solvent with water, and the second cosolvent is a solvent with a relative volatilization rate of not more than 1.
5. The water-based paint according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the first cosolvent to the second cosolvent is 1-10: 1 to 10.
6. The water-based paint according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises a first wetting agent, a second wetting agent and a third wetting agent, wherein the first wetting agent is a polyether modified siloxane wetting agent capable of reducing the surface tension of the water-based paint, the second wetting agent is a polyether modified siloxane wetting agent capable of improving the atomization effect of the water-based paint when the water-based paint is sprayed, and the third wetting agent is a non-silicon wetting agent.
7. The water-based paint according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the first wetting agent, the second wetting agent and the third wetting agent is 0.1-2: 0.1-2: 0.1 to 2.
8. The preparation method of the water-based paint is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a raw material for the components contained in the water-based paint according to any one of claims 1 to 7;
mixing water and a cosolvent to prepare a first mixed solution;
adding the first mixed solution into water-based hydroxypropyl resin and water-based saturated polyester resin, and mixing to obtain a second mixed solution;
adding an auxiliary agent and color paste into the second mixed solution, and mixing to obtain a primer composition;
the aliphatic polyisocyanate and the solvent are mixed to prepare a cured composition.
9. A spraying method of water paint is characterized by comprising the following steps:
sequentially adjusting the viscosity of the water-based paint according to the claims 1-7 with water and filtering;
the temperature of the base material is regulated to be less than or equal to 60 ℃,
the spraying pressure of the water-based paint was adjusted to 3kgf/cm2～4kgf/cm2Spraying the base material for the first time and cooling the base material, and adjusting the spraying pressure of the water-based paint to be 2kgf/cm2～3kgf/cm2Carrying out secondary spraying treatment on the base material;
and baking for 15-25 min at 70-80 ℃ after the second spraying treatment to obtain the product.
10. An article, comprising:
a substrate;
and a coating layer formed on at least a part of the surface of the substrate by spraying using the spraying method according to claim 9.
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| CN116478585A (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2023-07-25 | 湖南松井新材料股份有限公司 | Easily-stripped paint and preparation method and application thereof |
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| US5548016A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1996-08-20 | Tremco, Inc. | Water-borne flexible parts primer |
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