CN112794671A - Preparation process of concrete admixture - Google Patents
Preparation process of concrete admixture Download PDFInfo
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- CN112794671A CN112794671A CN202110187308.1A CN202110187308A CN112794671A CN 112794671 A CN112794671 A CN 112794671A CN 202110187308 A CN202110187308 A CN 202110187308A CN 112794671 A CN112794671 A CN 112794671A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process of a concrete admixture, which has the technical scheme that: the method comprises the following steps: s11, preparing raw materials: preparing the following components by weight: 1-5 parts of superplasticizer, 2-10 parts of surfactant, 0.8-3 parts of ammonium salt, 2-8 parts of polyalcohol amine, 1-5 parts of allyl polyoxyethylene ether, 0.01-0.2 part of initiator, 0.8-1 part of retarder, 0.01-2 parts of defoaming agent and 2-15 parts of tetrapropenyl sodium benzenesulfonate; s12, water bath reaction: placing polyalcohol amine, allyl polyoxyethylene ether, sodium tetrapropenylbenzenesulfonate and ammonium salt in a water bath pot in sequence, then raising the temperature of the water bath pot to 60-85 ℃, adding an initiator, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3-6 hours to obtain a mixed solution; the contact property of the concrete and the sprayed surface is improved, the problem of serious resilience when the concrete is sprayed is solved, the coagulation and solidification of the sprayed concrete are accelerated, and the strength of the concrete is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and particularly relates to a preparation process of a concrete admixture.
Background
The concrete admixture is a chemical substance which is added in the process of stirring the concrete and accounts for less than 5 percent of the mass of the cement, can obviously improve the performance of the concrete, and has the characteristics of less investment, quick response and obvious technical and economic benefits when the admixture is added into the concrete. With the continuous progress of scientific technology, the additive has been used more and more, and the additive has become the 5 th important component of concrete besides 4 basic components.
Reference is made to a Chinese patent with publication number CN111871312A, which discloses a production process of a concrete admixture, mainly comprising the following processing steps: the inspection blowing, begin the stirring, collect and get the material, the processing equipment that uses in the above-mentioned concrete admixture production technology course of working includes the base, the upper end of base is fixed with agitator tank and motor, the lateral wall of agitator tank runs through and has seted up the discharge gate, the top of agitator tank runs through to be inserted and is equipped with the inlet pipe, the output shaft of motor runs through the lateral wall of agitator tank and is fixed with the (mixing) shaft that is located agitator tank inside.
Above-mentioned patent has the (mixing) shaft pivoted while will drive the auger pivot and rotate to make the auger pivot lean on the agitator tank to the raw materials transport of discharge gate one end to conveyer trough one end, make the inside raw materials of agitator tank realize lateral shifting, thereby make the inside raw materials homoenergetic of agitator tank and the stirring that obtains the puddler handle, the stirring dead angle can not appear, make the inside raw materials of agitator tank obtain abundant stirring hybrid processing's advantage, but it also has the defect, if: when the admixture prepared by the process is used, the phenomenon of serious water bleeding during the curing of concrete can be caused, and the cured concrete has low uniformity level, low strength and serious injection resilience.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation process of a concrete admixture, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of a concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
s11, preparing raw materials: preparing the following components by weight: 1-5 parts of superplasticizer, 2-10 parts of surfactant, 0.8-3 parts of ammonium salt, 2-8 parts of polyalcohol amine, 1-5 parts of allyl polyoxyethylene ether, 0.01-0.2 part of initiator, 0.8-1 part of retarder, 0.01-2 parts of defoaming agent and 2-15 parts of tetrapropenyl sodium benzenesulfonate;
s12, water bath reaction: placing polyalcohol amine, allyl polyoxyethylene ether, sodium tetrapropenylbenzenesulfonate and ammonium salt in a water bath pot in sequence, then raising the temperature of the water bath pot to 60-85 ℃, adding an initiator, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3-6 hours to obtain a mixed solution;
s13, mixing reaction: and (3) sequentially injecting the mixed solution prepared in the step (S12), the superplasticizer, the surfactant and the retarder into a reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 10-15min, adding the defoaming agent, and stirring for 30-55min to obtain the concrete admixture.
Preferably, the superplasticizer comprises one or more of sodium lignosulfonate superplasticizer, naphthalene-series high-efficiency superplasticizer, aliphatic high-efficiency superplasticizer, amino high-efficiency superplasticizer and polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency superplasticizer.
Preferably, the polyalcohol amine is formed by fully mixing a diethylene glycol solution, a glycerol solution, a dimeric glycerol solution, a trimeric glycerol solution, a triethanolamine solution and a sodium fatty acid solution, and the mass ratio of the diethylene glycol solution, the glycerol solution, the dimeric glycerol solution, the trimeric glycerol solution, the triethanolamine solution and the sodium fatty acid solution is 1:2:1:1:1.5: 2.
Preferably, the surfactant comprises a tackifier comprising one or more of an aliphatic resin, a cycloaliphatic petroleum resin, a rosin, a hydrogenated rosin resin, and a terpene resin.
Preferably, the ammonium salt comprises one or more of ammonium nitrate, ammonium acetate, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride.
Preferably, the preparation process of the superplasticizer is as follows:
s21, preparing an allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution with the concentration of 40% of allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and a mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution comprises an acrylic acid solution and a methacrylamide solution, and then putting the allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and the mixed solution into a reaction kettle to be fully mixed to obtain a solution A;
s22, transferring the solution A into a reaction device, adding a chain transfer agent and an oxidant, controlling the temperature of a reaction kettle to be kept at 50-120 ℃, keeping the temperature for reaction for 2-5h, maintaining the pressure, cooling to room temperature, adjusting the pH value by using alkali liquor, and diluting by using water to obtain the superplasticizer.
Preferably, the oxidant is formed by fully mixing hydrogen peroxide and ammonium persulfate according to the mass ratio of 1:1, the alkali liquor is formed by mixing a sodium hydroxide solution and a sodium carbonate solution according to the mass ratio of 1:2, the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 35%, and the mass concentration of the sodium carbonate is 45%.
Preferably, the preparation process of the initiator is as follows:
s31, preparing raw materials: preparing the following components by weight: 10-25 parts of benzoic acid solution, 8-25 parts of isobutyric acid solution, 2-5 parts of carbon tetrachloride, 1-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 0.1-0.6 part of metal catalyst and 0.1-0.8 part of phase transfer catalyst;
s32, mixed liquefaction: sequentially adding a benzoic acid solution and an isobutyric acid solution into a reaction kettle, raising the internal temperature of the reaction kettle to 80-120 ℃, controlling the stirring speed of the reaction kettle to be 300-600r/min to prepare a mixed solution, then taking nitrogen as a carrier for the mixed solution, dropwise passing the mixed solution through a catalytic reactor at a rate of 25mL/min for high-temperature reaction, and obtaining a primary product after the reaction is finished;
s33, alkaline hydrolysis reaction by using chloride: and (3) simultaneously putting the initial product prepared by the S32, carbon tetrachloride, sodium hydroxide and a phase transfer catalyst into reaction equipment, and then carrying out chlorination and alkaline hydrolysis reaction to obtain the initiator.
Preferably, the catalyst comprises tetrabutylammonium bromide and the metal catalyst comprises ferric chloride.
Preferably, the reaction equation in the preparation process of the initiator comprises:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the preparation process of the concrete admixture, the tetrapropenyl sodium benzenesulfonate can effectively improve the wettability of cement particles and an adhesion surface, can accelerate the fusion of concrete and the admixture, can also enable concrete slurry to be easily combined with a spraying surface, can effectively improve the viscosity degree of the concrete, and can prevent the phenomena of bleeding, segregation, layering and the like, the proportion of a superplasticizer can play a good role in keeping moisture, and the aggregate particles of the concrete are wrapped and connected in a chemical gel group by the matching use of allyl polyoxyethylene ether and polyvinyl alcohol, so that the concrete is more uniform after being condensed, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the concrete is greatly improved while the rebound rate of the concrete is kept; the ammonium salt aqueous solution is weakly acidic and has a dissolving effect on lime and calcium sulphoaluminate precipitated on the surfaces of cement particles, so that the reaction of cement and water is not hindered, the reaction of cement and water is accelerated, and the hydration speed of cement is improved; the amino in the polyalcohol amine can reduce the frictional resistance of an aqueous solution, is beneficial to spraying, optimizes the cement hydration process and improves the cement strength, so that the invention can achieve the effects of improving the contact property of concrete and a spraying surface, eliminating the problem of serious rebound when the concrete is sprayed, accelerating the coagulation and solidification of the sprayed concrete and improving the concrete strength.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a superplasticizer process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a process diagram of the initiator of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation process of a concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
s11, preparing raw materials: preparing the following components by weight: 5 parts of superplasticizer, 2 parts of surfactant, 3 parts of ammonium salt, 8 parts of polyalcohol amine, 4 parts of allyl polyoxyethylene ether, 0.1 part of initiator, 0.8 part of retarder, 0.8 part of defoamer and 8 parts of tetrapropenyl sodium benzenesulfonate;
s12, water bath reaction: placing polyalcohol amine, allyl polyoxyethylene ether, sodium tetrapropenylbenzenesulfonate and ammonium salt in a water bath pot in sequence, then raising the temperature of the water bath pot to 85 ℃, adding an initiator, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 6 hours to obtain a mixed solution;
s13, mixing reaction: and (3) sequentially injecting the mixed solution prepared in the step (S12), the superplasticizer, the surfactant and the retarder into a reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 10min, adding the defoaming agent, and stirring for 55min to obtain the concrete admixture.
In this embodiment, the superplasticizer preferably comprises a polycarboxylic acid high efficiency superplasticizer.
In this embodiment, preferably, the polyalcohol amine is formed by fully mixing a diethylene glycol solution, a glycerol solution, a dimeric glycerol solution, a trimeric glycerol solution, a triethanolamine solution and a sodium fatty acid solution, and the mass ratio of the diethylene glycol solution, the glycerol solution, the dimeric glycerol solution, the trimeric glycerol solution, the triethanolamine solution and the sodium fatty acid solution is 1:2:1:1:1.5: 2.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the surfactant includes a tackifier, and the tackifier includes an aliphatic resin.
In this embodiment, preferably, the ammonium salt includes ammonium nitrate.
In this embodiment, preferably, the preparation process of the superplasticizer is as follows:
s21, preparing an allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution with the concentration of 40% of allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and a mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution comprises an acrylic acid solution and a methacrylamide solution, and then putting the allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and the mixed solution into a reaction kettle to be fully mixed to obtain a solution A;
s22, transferring the solution A into a reaction device, adding a chain transfer agent and an oxidant, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to be 120 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, maintaining the pressure, cooling to room temperature, adjusting the pH value by using alkali liquor, and diluting by using water to obtain the superplasticizer.
In this embodiment, preferably, the oxidizing agent is formed by fully mixing hydrogen peroxide and ammonium persulfate according to a mass ratio of 1:1, the alkali solution is formed by mixing a sodium hydroxide solution and a sodium carbonate solution according to a mass ratio of 1:2, the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 35%, and the mass concentration of the sodium carbonate is 45%.
In this embodiment, the preparation process of the initiator is preferably as follows:
s31, preparing raw materials: preparing the following components by weight: 25 parts of benzoic acid solution, 25 parts of isobutyric acid solution, 5 parts of carbon tetrachloride, 3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 0.6 part of metal catalyst and 0.8 part of phase transfer catalyst;
s32, mixed liquefaction: sequentially adding a benzoic acid solution and an isobutyric acid solution into a reaction kettle, raising the internal temperature of the reaction kettle to 120 ℃, controlling the stirring speed of the reaction kettle to be 600r/min to prepare a mixed solution, taking nitrogen as a carrier for the mixed solution, dropwise adding the mixed solution at 25mL/min into a catalytic reactor to perform high-temperature reaction, and obtaining a primary product after the reaction is finished;
s33, alkaline hydrolysis reaction by using chloride: and (3) simultaneously putting the initial product prepared by the S32, carbon tetrachloride, sodium hydroxide and a phase transfer catalyst into reaction equipment, and then carrying out chlorination and alkaline hydrolysis reaction to obtain the initiator.
In this embodiment, preferably, the catalyst comprises tetrabutylammonium bromide and the metal catalyst comprises ferric chloride.
In this embodiment, preferably, the reaction equation in the preparation process of the initiator includes:
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the preparation process of the concrete admixture, the tetrapropenyl sodium benzenesulfonate can effectively improve the wettability of cement particles and an adhesion surface, can accelerate the fusion of concrete and the admixture, can also enable concrete slurry to be easily combined with a spraying surface, can effectively improve the viscosity degree of the concrete, and can prevent the phenomena of bleeding, segregation, layering and the like, the proportion of a superplasticizer can play a good role in keeping moisture, and the aggregate particles of the concrete are wrapped and connected in a chemical gel group by the matching use of allyl polyoxyethylene ether and polyvinyl alcohol, so that the concrete is more uniform after being condensed, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the concrete is greatly improved while the rebound rate of the concrete is kept; the ammonium salt aqueous solution is weakly acidic and has a dissolving effect on lime and calcium sulphoaluminate precipitated on the surfaces of cement particles, so that the reaction of cement and water is not hindered, the reaction of cement and water is accelerated, and the hydration speed of cement is improved; the amino in the polyalcohol amine can reduce the frictional resistance of an aqueous solution, is beneficial to spraying, optimizes the cement hydration process and improves the cement strength, so that the invention can achieve the effects of improving the contact property of concrete and a spraying surface, eliminating the problem of serious rebound when the concrete is sprayed, accelerating the coagulation and solidification of the sprayed concrete and improving the concrete strength.
Example 2
A preparation process of a concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
s11, preparing raw materials: preparing the following components by weight: 5 parts of superplasticizer, 10 parts of surfactant, 3 parts of ammonium salt, 8 parts of polyalcohol amine, 5 parts of allyl polyoxyethylene ether, 0.2 part of initiator, 1 part of retarder, 2 parts of defoaming agent and 15 parts of tetrapropenyl sodium benzenesulfonate;
s12, water bath reaction: placing polyalcohol amine, allyl polyoxyethylene ether, sodium tetrapropenylbenzenesulfonate and ammonium salt in a water bath pot in sequence, then raising the temperature of the water bath pot to 85 ℃, adding an initiator, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3-6 hours to obtain a mixed solution;
s13, mixing reaction: and (3) sequentially injecting the mixed solution prepared in the step (S12), the superplasticizer, the surfactant and the retarder into a reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 10min, adding the defoaming agent, and stirring for 30min to obtain the concrete admixture.
In this embodiment, the superplasticizer preferably comprises an aliphatic high-efficiency superplasticizer.
In this embodiment, preferably, the polyalcohol amine is formed by fully mixing a diethylene glycol solution, a glycerol solution, a dimeric glycerol solution, a trimeric glycerol solution, a triethanolamine solution and a sodium fatty acid solution, and the mass ratio of the diethylene glycol solution, the glycerol solution, the dimeric glycerol solution, the trimeric glycerol solution, the triethanolamine solution and the sodium fatty acid solution is 1:2:1:1:1.5: 2.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the surfactant includes a tackifier, and the tackifier includes one or more of an aliphatic resin, an alicyclic petroleum resin, a rosin, a hydrogenated rosin resin, and a terpene resin.
In this embodiment, preferably, the ammonium salt includes one or more of ammonium nitrate, ammonium acetate, ammonium phosphate, and ammonium chloride.
In this embodiment, preferably, the preparation process of the superplasticizer is as follows:
s21, preparing an allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution with the concentration of 40% of allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and a mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution comprises an acrylic acid solution and a methacrylamide solution, and then putting the allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and the mixed solution into a reaction kettle to be fully mixed to obtain a solution A;
s22, transferring the solution A into a reaction device, adding a chain transfer agent and an oxidant, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to be 120 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, maintaining the pressure, cooling to room temperature, adjusting the pH value by using alkali liquor, and diluting by using water to obtain the superplasticizer.
In this embodiment, preferably, the oxidizing agent is formed by fully mixing hydrogen peroxide and ammonium persulfate according to a mass ratio of 1:1, the alkali solution is formed by mixing a sodium hydroxide solution and a sodium carbonate solution according to a mass ratio of 1:2, the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 35%, and the mass concentration of the sodium carbonate is 45%.
Example 3
A preparation process of a concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
s11, preparing raw materials: preparing the following components by weight: 4 parts of superplasticizer, 6 parts of surfactant, 2 parts of ammonium salt, 4 parts of polyalcohol amine, 3 parts of allyl polyoxyethylene ether, 0.2 part of initiator, 0.9 part of retarder, 0.08 part of defoamer and 2-15 parts of tetrapropenyl sodium benzenesulfonate;
s12, water bath reaction: placing polyalcohol amine, allyl polyoxyethylene ether, sodium tetrapropenylbenzenesulfonate and ammonium salt in a water bath pot in sequence, then raising the temperature of the water bath pot to 60 ℃, adding an initiator, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3 hours to obtain a mixed solution;
s13, mixing reaction: and (3) sequentially injecting the mixed solution prepared in the step (S12), the superplasticizer, the surfactant and the retarder into a reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 10min, adding the defoaming agent, and stirring for 30min to obtain the concrete admixture.
In this embodiment, the superplasticizer preferably comprises a polycarboxylic acid high efficiency superplasticizer.
In this embodiment, preferably, the polyalcohol amine is formed by fully mixing a diethylene glycol solution, a glycerol solution, a dimeric glycerol solution, a trimeric glycerol solution, a triethanolamine solution and a sodium fatty acid solution, and the mass ratio of the diethylene glycol solution, the glycerol solution, the dimeric glycerol solution, the trimeric glycerol solution, the triethanolamine solution and the sodium fatty acid solution is 1:2:1:1: 2.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the surfactant includes a tackifier, and the tackifier includes one or more of an aliphatic resin, an alicyclic petroleum resin, a rosin, a hydrogenated rosin resin, and a terpene resin.
In this embodiment, preferably, the ammonium salt includes one or more of ammonium nitrate, ammonium acetate, ammonium phosphate, and ammonium chloride.
In this embodiment, preferably, the preparation process of the superplasticizer is as follows:
s21, preparing an allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution with the concentration of 40% of allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and a mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution comprises an acrylic acid solution and a methacrylamide solution, and then putting the allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and the mixed solution into a reaction kettle to be fully mixed to obtain a solution A;
s22, transferring the solution A into a reaction device, adding a chain transfer agent and an oxidant, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to be 80 ℃, keeping the temperature for reaction for 2.5 hours, maintaining the pressure, cooling to room temperature, adjusting the pH value by using alkali liquor, and diluting by using water to obtain the superplasticizer.
In this embodiment, preferably, the oxidizing agent is formed by fully mixing hydrogen peroxide and ammonium persulfate according to a mass ratio of 1:1, the alkali solution is formed by mixing a sodium hydroxide solution and a sodium carbonate solution according to a mass ratio of 1:2, the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 35%, and the mass concentration of the sodium carbonate is 45%.
Example 4
A preparation process of a concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
s11, preparing raw materials: preparing the following components by weight: 5 parts of superplasticizer, 10 parts of surfactant, 0.8 part of ammonium salt, 8 parts of polyalcohol amine, 2 parts of allyl polyoxyethylene ether, 0.02 part of initiator, 0.8 part of retarder, 0.01 part of defoamer and 8 parts of sodium tetrapropenylbenzenesulfonate;
s12, water bath reaction: placing polyalcohol amine, allyl polyoxyethylene ether, sodium tetrapropenylbenzenesulfonate and ammonium salt in a water bath pot in sequence, then raising the temperature of the water bath pot to 60 ℃, adding an initiator, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3 hours to obtain a mixed solution;
s13, mixing reaction: and (3) sequentially injecting the mixed solution prepared in the step (S12), the superplasticizer, the surfactant and the retarder into a reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 10min, adding the defoaming agent, and stirring for 30min to obtain the concrete admixture.
In this embodiment, preferably, the superplasticizer comprises a sodium lignosulfonate superplasticizer.
In this embodiment, preferably, the polyalcohol amine is formed by fully mixing a diethylene glycol solution, a glycerol solution, a dimeric glycerol solution, a trimeric glycerol solution, a triethanolamine solution and a sodium fatty acid solution, and the mass ratio of the diethylene glycol solution, the glycerol solution, the dimeric glycerol solution, the trimeric glycerol solution, the triethanolamine solution and the sodium fatty acid solution is 1:2:1:1:2: 2.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the surfactant includes a tackifier, and the tackifier includes one or more of an aliphatic resin, an alicyclic petroleum resin, a rosin, a hydrogenated rosin resin, and a terpene resin.
In this embodiment, preferably, the ammonium salt includes one or more of ammonium nitrate, ammonium acetate, ammonium phosphate, and ammonium chloride.
In this embodiment, preferably, the preparation process of the superplasticizer is as follows:
s21, preparing an allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution with the concentration of 40% of allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and a mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution comprises an acrylic acid solution and a methacrylamide solution, and then putting the allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and the mixed solution into a reaction kettle to be fully mixed to obtain a solution A;
s22, transferring the solution A into a reaction device, adding a chain transfer agent and an oxidant, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to be kept at 50 ℃, keeping the temperature for reaction for 2 hours, maintaining the pressure, cooling to room temperature, adjusting the pH value by using alkali liquor, and diluting by using water to obtain the superplasticizer.
In this embodiment, preferably, the oxidizing agent is formed by fully mixing hydrogen peroxide and ammonium persulfate according to a mass ratio of 1:1, the alkali solution is formed by mixing a sodium hydroxide solution and a sodium carbonate solution according to a mass ratio of 1:2, the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 35%, and the mass concentration of the sodium carbonate is 45%.
Example 5
A preparation process of a concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
s11, preparing raw materials: preparing the following components by weight: 1 part of superplasticizer, 2 parts of surfactant, 0.8 part of ammonium salt, 2 parts of polyalcohol amine, 1 part of allyl polyoxyethylene ether, 0.01 part of initiator, 0.8 part of retarder, 0.2 part of defoamer and 2 parts of sodium tetrapropenylbenzenesulfonate;
s12, water bath reaction: placing polyalcohol amine, allyl polyoxyethylene ether, sodium tetrapropenylbenzenesulfonate and ammonium salt in a water bath pot in sequence, then raising the temperature of the water bath pot to 85 ℃, adding an initiator, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3-6 hours to obtain a mixed solution;
s13, mixing reaction: and (3) sequentially injecting the mixed solution prepared in the step (S12), the superplasticizer, the surfactant and the retarder into a reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 10min, adding the defoaming agent, and stirring for 55min to obtain the concrete admixture.
In this embodiment, the superplasticizer preferably comprises a polycarboxylic acid high efficiency superplasticizer.
In this embodiment, preferably, the polyalcohol amine is formed by fully mixing a diethylene glycol solution, a glycerol solution, a dimeric glycerol solution, a trimeric glycerol solution, a triethanolamine solution and a sodium fatty acid solution, and the mass ratio of the diethylene glycol solution, the glycerol solution, the dimeric glycerol solution, the trimeric glycerol solution, the triethanolamine solution and the sodium fatty acid solution is 1:2:1:1: 2.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the surfactant includes a tackifier, and the tackifier includes one or more of an aliphatic resin, an alicyclic petroleum resin, a rosin, a hydrogenated rosin resin, and a terpene resin.
In this embodiment, preferably, the ammonium salt includes one or more of ammonium nitrate, ammonium acetate, ammonium phosphate, and ammonium chloride.
In this embodiment, preferably, the preparation process of the superplasticizer is as follows:
s21, preparing an allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution with the concentration of 40% of allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and a mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution comprises an acrylic acid solution and a methacrylamide solution, and then putting the allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and the mixed solution into a reaction kettle to be fully mixed to obtain a solution A;
s22, transferring the solution A into a reaction device, adding a chain transfer agent and an oxidant, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to be 120 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, maintaining the pressure, cooling to room temperature, adjusting the pH value by using alkali liquor, and diluting by using water to obtain the superplasticizer.
In this embodiment, preferably, the oxidizing agent is formed by fully mixing hydrogen peroxide and ammonium persulfate according to a mass ratio of 1:1, the alkali solution is formed by mixing a sodium hydroxide solution and a sodium carbonate solution according to a mass ratio of 1:2, the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 35%, and the mass concentration of the sodium carbonate is 45%.
The performance tests were carried out on the admixtures prepared in examples 1 to 5:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively taking the same volume of the admixture prepared in the examples 1 to 5 and the common admixture, respectively adding the obtained admixtures into the same batch of concrete after labeling, and finally respectively carrying out tests on the setting hardness, the spray resilience, the water separation property and the homogeneity of the concrete added with the admixture prepared in the examples 1 to 5 and the concrete added with the common admixture;
for comparison, the experimental results are shown in a table form, wherein all the performances in the table are replaced by numerical values, the maximum value is 100, wherein the higher the numerical values of the solidification hardness and the homogeneity are, the better the performances are represented, and the lower the numerical values of the spray resilience and the water separation property are, the better the performances are represented;
| 1. | 2. hardness of setting | 3. Rebound resilience of jet | 4. Water separating property | 5. Homogeneity and quality |
| 6. Example 1 | 7. 100 | 8. 10.9 | 9. 0.6 | 10. 100 |
| 11. Example 2 | 12. 98.9 | 13. 16.9 | 14. 2.5 | 15. 99.7 |
| 16. Example 3 | 17. 99.1 | 18. 15.8 | 19. 3.7 | 20. 99.2 |
| 21. Example 4 | 22. 97.2 | 23. 16.1 | 24. 1.2 | 25. 98.9 |
| 26. Example 5 | 27. 98.7 | 28. 15.6 | 29. 2.1 | 30. 98.7 |
| 31. Common additive | 32. 89.6 | 33. 66.7 | 34. 8.9 | 35. 88.2 |
As can be seen from the above table, the properties in example 1 are all the best, and the properties of the concrete added with the admixture of the present invention are superior to those of the concrete added with the common admixture.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation process of the concrete admixture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s11, preparing raw materials: preparing the following components by weight: 1-5 parts of superplasticizer, 2-10 parts of surfactant, 0.8-3 parts of ammonium salt, 2-8 parts of polyalcohol amine, 1-5 parts of allyl polyoxyethylene ether, 0.01-0.2 part of initiator, 0.8-1 part of retarder, 0.01-2 parts of defoaming agent and 2-15 parts of tetrapropenyl sodium benzenesulfonate;
s12, water bath reaction: placing polyalcohol amine, allyl polyoxyethylene ether, sodium tetrapropenylbenzenesulfonate and ammonium salt in a water bath pot in sequence, then raising the temperature of the water bath pot to 60-85 ℃, adding an initiator, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3-6 hours to obtain a mixed solution;
s13, mixing reaction: and (3) sequentially injecting the mixed solution prepared in the step (S12), the superplasticizer, the surfactant and the retarder into a reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 10-15min, adding the defoaming agent, and stirring for 30-55min to obtain the concrete admixture.
2. The process for preparing a concrete admixture according to claim 1, wherein: the superplasticizer comprises one or more of lignosulfonate sodium salt superplasticizer, naphthalene-series efficient superplasticizer, aliphatic efficient superplasticizer, amino efficient superplasticizer and polycarboxylic acid efficient superplasticizer.
3. The process for preparing a concrete admixture according to claim 1, wherein: the polyalcohol amine is formed by fully mixing a diethylene glycol solution, a glycerol solution, a dimeric glycerol solution, a trimeric glycerol solution, a triethanolamine solution and a sodium fatty acid solution, and the mass ratio of the diethylene glycol solution to the glycerol solution to the dimeric glycerol solution to the trimeric glycerol solution to the triethanolamine solution to the sodium fatty acid solution is 1:2:1:1:1.5: 2.
4. The process for preparing a concrete admixture according to claim 1, wherein: the surfactant comprises a tackifier comprising one or more of an aliphatic resin, a cycloaliphatic petroleum resin, a rosin, a hydrogenated rosin resin, and a terpene resin.
5. The process for preparing a concrete admixture according to claim 1, wherein: the ammonium salt comprises one or more of ammonium nitrate, ammonium acetate, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride.
6. The process for preparing a concrete admixture according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation process of the superplasticizer comprises the following steps:
s21, preparing an allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution with the concentration of 40% of allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and a mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution comprises an acrylic acid solution and a methacrylamide solution, and then putting the allyl polyoxyethylene ether solution and the mixed solution into a reaction kettle to be fully mixed to obtain a solution A;
s22, transferring the solution A into a reaction device, adding a chain transfer agent and an oxidant, controlling the temperature of a reaction kettle to be kept at 50-120 ℃, keeping the temperature for reaction for 2-5h, maintaining the pressure, cooling to room temperature, adjusting the pH value by using alkali liquor, and diluting by using water to obtain the superplasticizer.
7. The process for preparing a concrete admixture according to claim 6, wherein: the oxidant is formed by fully mixing hydrogen peroxide and ammonium persulfate according to the mass ratio of 1:1, the alkali liquor is formed by mixing a sodium hydroxide solution and a sodium carbonate solution according to the mass ratio of 1:2, the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 35%, and the mass concentration of the sodium carbonate is 45%.
8. The process for preparing a concrete admixture according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation process of the initiator comprises the following steps:
s31, preparing raw materials: preparing the following components by weight: 10-25 parts of benzoic acid solution, 8-25 parts of isobutyric acid solution, 2-5 parts of carbon tetrachloride, 1-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 0.1-0.6 part of metal catalyst and 0.1-0.8 part of phase transfer catalyst;
s32, mixed liquefaction: sequentially adding a benzoic acid solution and an isobutyric acid solution into a reaction kettle, raising the internal temperature of the reaction kettle to 80-120 ℃, controlling the stirring speed of the reaction kettle to be 300-600r/min to prepare a mixed solution, then taking nitrogen as a carrier for the mixed solution, dropwise passing the mixed solution through a catalytic reactor at a rate of 25mL/min for high-temperature reaction, and obtaining a primary product after the reaction is finished;
s33, alkaline hydrolysis reaction by using chloride: and (3) simultaneously putting the initial product prepared by the S32, carbon tetrachloride, sodium hydroxide and a phase transfer catalyst into reaction equipment, and then carrying out chlorination and alkaline hydrolysis reaction to obtain the initiator.
9. The process for preparing a concrete admixture according to claim 8, wherein: the catalyst comprises ammonium tetrabutylbromide and the metal catalyst comprises ferric chloride.
10. The process for preparing a concrete admixture according to claim 8, wherein: the reaction equation in the preparation process of the initiator comprises the following steps:
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