CN112793670A - A kind of reinforced pipe and the manufacturing method of reinforced pipe - Google Patents
A kind of reinforced pipe and the manufacturing method of reinforced pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN112793670A CN112793670A CN202110083061.9A CN202110083061A CN112793670A CN 112793670 A CN112793670 A CN 112793670A CN 202110083061 A CN202110083061 A CN 202110083061A CN 112793670 A CN112793670 A CN 112793670A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/04—Door pillars ; windshield pillars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
- B29C53/566—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally for making tubular articles followed by compression
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
- B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
- B62D29/043—Superstructures
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Abstract
为了解决现有A柱上边梁加强结构的重量较大的技术问题，本发明提出了一种加强管及加强管的制造方法。加强管为碳纤维复合管，加强管包括依次相连的第一段、第二段、第三段、第四段、第五段和第六段，第二段的厚度、第四段的厚度和第六段的厚度相等，第一段的厚度、第三段的厚度和第五段的厚度均大于第二段的厚度，加强管用于连接车辆侧围外板和车辆侧围内板。加强管通过变厚度三维编织工艺制作，充分利用三维编织碳纤维纤维缠绕技术的可设计性，在保证性能的同时做到极致轻量化，达到最优结构设计。在不同位置通过设计改变管梁料厚，主要承力及连接位置增加料厚，次承力位置降低料厚来达到与金属加强件同性能下更轻的质量。
In order to solve the technical problem of heavy weight of the existing A-pillar upper side beam reinforcement structure, the present invention provides a reinforcement tube and a manufacturing method of the reinforcement tube. The reinforcing tube is a carbon fiber composite tube, and the reinforcing tube includes the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth sections connected in sequence, the thickness of the second section, the thickness of the fourth section and the first section. The thickness of the six sections is equal, the thickness of the first section, the thickness of the third section and the thickness of the fifth section are all greater than the thickness of the second section, and the reinforcing pipe is used to connect the vehicle side wall outer panel and the vehicle side wall inner panel. The reinforcing tube is made by the variable-thickness three-dimensional weaving process, making full use of the designability of the three-dimensional braided carbon fiber winding technology, and achieving the ultimate lightweight and optimal structural design while ensuring performance. The material thickness of the tube beam is changed by design at different positions, the material thickness is increased at the main bearing and connecting positions, and the material thickness is reduced at the secondary bearing position to achieve a lighter weight with the same performance as the metal reinforcement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vehicle structures, in particular to a reinforced pipe and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The existing A-column roof side rail reinforcing scheme has uniform thickness of the whole tubular beam. Because the adopted cured resin has weak high-temperature resistance, the electrophoresis baking temperature and time of a coating workshop need to be adjusted, and the coating workshop needs to be reformed again, so that the method is not suitable for the production of an old production line; secondly, the wall thickness of the whole tubular beam is uniform, and the maximum weight reduction benefit is not obtained. A post reinforcement commonly used is high-strength steel, in order to satisfy collision safety requirement, needs to adopt the multilayer reinforcing plate, and weight is heavier, is unfavorable for the lightweight.
The existing A-column roof side rail reinforcing scheme does not have the optimal weight reduction structural design, and due to the fact that the vitrification conversion temperature of cured resin is low, normal volume production can be achieved only after adaptability transformation is carried out on a coating workshop, the existing A-column roof side rail reinforcing scheme is not suitable for production of an old production line, and production cost is high.
Therefore, a scheme is needed to be provided for solving the technical problem that the weight of the existing A-pillar roof side rail reinforcing structure is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a reinforced pipe and a manufacturing method of the reinforced pipe, and aims to solve the technical problem that the weight of an existing A-pillar roof side rail reinforced structure is large.
The invention provides a reinforced pipe, which is a carbon fiber composite pipe and comprises a first section, a second section, a third section, a fourth section, a fifth section and a sixth section which are sequentially connected, wherein the thickness of the second section, the thickness of the fourth section and the thickness of the sixth section are equal, the thickness of the first section, the thickness of the third section and the thickness of the fifth section are all larger than the thickness of the second section, and the reinforced pipe is used for connecting a vehicle side wall outer plate and a vehicle side wall inner plate.
The reinforced pipe provided by the invention is further improved in that the thickness of the first section is equal to that of the fifth section, and the thickness of the first section is less than or equal to that of the third section.
The further improvement of the reinforced pipe provided by the invention is that the thickness of the first section is equal to 4mm, the thickness of the second section is equal to 2.67mm, and the thickness of the third section is equal to 4 mm;
alternatively, the thickness of the first section is equal to 4mm, the thickness of the second section is equal to 2.67mm and the thickness of the third section is equal to 4.65 mm.
The further improvement of the reinforced pipe provided by the invention is that the length of the first section in the direction of the central line of the first section is more than or equal to 200mm, the length of the third section in the direction of the central line of the third section is 200 mm-400 mm, and the length of the fifth section in the direction of the central line of the fifth section is more than or equal to 150 mm.
The reinforced pipe provided by the invention is further improved in that the reinforced pipe further comprises five transition sections, and the five transition sections are respectively arranged between the first section and the second section, between the second section and the third section, between the third section and the fourth section, between the fourth section and the fifth section, and between the fifth section and the sixth section.
The reinforced pipe provided by the invention is further improved in that the length of the transition section in the direction of the central line of the transition section is more than or equal to 15 mm.
The reinforced pipe provided by the invention is further improved in that the first section and the fifth section respectively comprise 12 first carbon fiber layers, and the ply angles of the 12 first carbon fiber layers in the direction from outside to inside are respectively +45 degrees, -90 degrees, +45 degrees, -45 degrees, +45 degrees and-45 degrees;
the second section, the fourth section and the sixth section respectively comprise 8 second carbon fiber layers, and the ply angles of the 8 second carbon fiber layers in the direction from outside to inside are respectively +45 degrees, -45 degrees, 90 degrees, +45 degrees and-45 degrees;
the third section comprises 14 third carbon fiber layers, and the ply angles of the 14 third carbon fiber layers in the outside-in direction are respectively +45 degrees, -90 degrees, +45 degrees, -45 degrees and-45 degrees.
In a further improvement of the reinforced pipe provided by the present invention, a resin layer is provided between the inner surface of the first carbon fiber layer located inside, the outer surface of the first carbon fiber layer located outside, between the first carbon fiber layers adjacent in the outside-in direction, the inner surface of the second carbon fiber layer located inside, the outer surface of the second carbon fiber layer located outside, between the second carbon fiber layers adjacent in the outside-in direction, the inner surface of the third carbon fiber layer located inside, the outer surface of the third carbon fiber layer located outside, and between the third carbon fiber layers adjacent in the outside-in direction.
In the reinforced pipe provided by the invention, the thickness of each first carbon fiber layer, the thickness of each second carbon fiber layer and the thickness of each third carbon fiber layer are 0.3mm, and the thickness of each resin layer is 0.03 mm.
In addition, the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the reinforced pipe, which is used for the reinforced pipe and comprises the following steps:
determining structural parameters of the reinforced pipe;
adjusting the structure of the core mold according to the structural parameters;
carrying out three-dimensional weaving on the core mold by using carbon fibers according to the structural parameters to obtain a pre-woven piece;
taking out the core mold in the pre-woven piece and obtaining a prefabricated body;
placing the prefabricated body in a mould, and injecting epoxy resin into the mould;
carrying out pressurization, heat preservation and solidification treatment on the prefabricated body in the mold to obtain a solidified tube;
and trimming the curing tube to obtain the reinforced tube.
The reinforcing pipe is manufactured through a variable-thickness three-dimensional weaving process, the designability of a three-dimensional weaving carbon fiber winding technology is fully utilized, the efficient utilization of materials is achieved, the performance is guaranteed, meanwhile, the light weight is achieved, and the optimal structural design is achieved. The material thickness of the tubular beam is changed by design at different positions, the material thickness is increased at the main bearing and connecting positions, and the material thickness is reduced at the secondary bearing position to achieve lighter weight with the same performance as the metal reinforcement; the reinforced tube is cured by high Tg resin, so that the quality of the reinforced tube is not affected by the overall size after electrophoretic baking.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a reinforced pipe provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first stage in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second stage in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a third stage in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a manufacturing method of a reinforced pipe according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a reinforced pipe and a manufacturing method of the reinforced pipe, and aims to solve the technical problem that the weight of an existing A-pillar roof side rail reinforced structure is large.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, the reinforced pipe proposed in this embodiment 1 is a carbon fiber composite pipe, and includes a first section 11, a second section 12, a third section 13, a fourth section 14, a fifth section 15, and a sixth section 16 that are connected in sequence, where the thickness of the second section 12, the thickness of the fourth section 14, and the thickness of the sixth section 16 are equal, the thickness of the first section 11, the thickness of the third section 13, and the thickness of the fifth section 15 are all greater than the thickness of the second section 12, and the reinforced pipe is used to connect a vehicle side wall outer panel and a vehicle side wall inner panel. The third section 13 in this embodiment 1 is provided with a bend.
The reinforced pipe is carbon fiber composite pipe in this embodiment 1, compares the steel pipe among the prior art, and intensity is big and light in weight, solves the too big technical problem of current roof side rail additional strengthening weight, is favorable to the vehicle lightweight. In addition, the structure of the reinforced pipe in the embodiment 1 is simple, the connecting parts among the A-pillar inner plate, the A-pillar reinforced plate, the roof side rail inner plate, the B-pillar reinforced plate and the roof side rail reinforced plate are reduced, and the vehicle weight is further reduced.
In this embodiment 1, the thicknesses of different areas of the reinforced pipe are designed according to the structural requirements of different positions, so that the reinforced pipe is adapted to actual requirements, wherein the first section 11 is used for connecting an a-column inner plate and an a-column reinforcing plate, the second section 12, the third section 13 and the fourth section 14 are all used for being connected with the a-column inner plate, the fifth section 15 is used for connecting an upper boundary beam inner plate and a B-column reinforcing plate, and the sixth section 16 is used for connecting the upper boundary beam inner plate and the upper boundary beam reinforcing plate.
Further, the thickness of the first section 11 is equal to the thickness of the fifth section 15, and the thickness of the first section 11 is less than or equal to the thickness of the third section 13.
Furthermore, the thickness of the first section 11 is equal to 4mm, the thickness of the second section 12 is equal to 2.67mm, and the thickness of the third section 13 is equal to 4 mm;
alternatively, the thickness of the first section 11 is equal to 4mm, the thickness of the second section 12 is equal to 2.67mm and the thickness of the third section 13 is equal to 4.65 mm.
The reinforced pipe in the embodiment 1 is a variable thickness structure, and the material thickness is increased in the first section 11, the third section 13 and the fifth section 15; since the first section 11 and the fifth section 15 are respectively connected with the joints of the A-column reinforcing plate and the B-column reinforcing plate, the thickness of the first section 11 and the fifth section 15 needs to be increased; the third section 13 has a larger corner, so that the third section is easy to bend during collision, and the thickness of the material also needs to be increased; the second section 12, the fourth section 14 and the sixth section 16 are regions with small stress, which can reduce the thickness of the material, so that the present embodiment 1 realizes the equal strength design. The specific material thickness value can be adjusted according to experience and a collision analysis result.
The bearing condition and the connection condition of the reinforced pipe in the whole vehicle can be known as follows: the main thickness-influencing factors at the first section 11 are connection transition and sudden change I (the sudden change I is a sudden change form caused by material change), the main thickness-influencing factors at the third section 13 are sudden change II (the sudden change II is a sudden change form of stress of the part in the whole vehicle collision process), and the main thickness-influencing factors at the fifth section 15 are connection transition. The thickness of the first section 11, the third section 13 and the fifth section 15 can be designed to be 4mm, and the rest positions of the second section 12, the fourth section 14 and the sixth section 16 can be thinned to be 2.67 mm. It can be known from the analysis of the safety collision and the connection reliability of the whole vehicle that the positions of the reinforced pipe in the embodiment 1, which mainly need to be reinforced, are the first section 11, the third section 13 and the fifth section 15, and the wall thickness of the rest positions can be reduced, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing weight.
Furthermore, the length of the first section 11 in the direction of the center line of the first section 11 is greater than or equal to 200mm, the length of the third section 13 in the direction of the center line of the third section 13 ranges from 200mm to 400mm, and the length of the fifth section 15 in the direction of the center line of the fifth section 15 is greater than or equal to 150 mm. Specific parameter design can be carried out according to the stress condition and the connection condition of the reinforcing pipe in the whole vehicle.
Furthermore, five transition sections 17 are included, and the five transition sections 17 are respectively arranged between the first section 11 and the second section 12, between the second section 12 and the third section 13, between the third section 13 and the fourth section 14, between the fourth section 14 and the fifth section 15, and between the fifth section 15 and the sixth section 16.
Furthermore, the length of the transition section 17 in the direction of the center line of the transition section 17 is more than or equal to 15 mm. Specific parameter design can be carried out according to the stress condition and the connection condition of the reinforcing pipe in the whole vehicle.
Further, the reinforced pipe in this embodiment 1 is formed by three-dimensional weaving.
Further, when the thickness of the first section 11 is equal to 4mm, the thickness of the second section 12 is equal to 2.67mm, and the thickness of the third section 13 is equal to 4.65mm, specifically, each of the first section 11 and the fifth section 15 includes 12 first carbon fiber layers, and the ply angles of the 12 first carbon fiber layers in the outside-in direction are +45 °, -45 °, 90 °, +45 °, -45 °, +45 °, and-45 °; the second section 12, the fourth section 14 and the sixth section 16 respectively comprise 8 second carbon fiber layers, and the ply angles of the 8 second carbon fiber layers in the outside-in direction are respectively +45 degrees, -45 degrees, 90 degrees, +45 degrees and-45 degrees; the third section 13 includes 14 third carbon fiber layers, and the ply angles of the 14 third carbon fiber layers in the outside-in direction are +45 °, -45 °, 90 °, +45 °, and-45 °, respectively.
Furthermore, a resin layer is arranged on the inner surface of the first carbon fiber layer positioned on the inner side, the outer surface of the first carbon fiber layer positioned on the outer side, between the first carbon fiber layers adjacent to each other in the outside-in direction, the inner surface of the second carbon fiber layer positioned on the inner side, the outer surface of the second carbon fiber layer positioned on the outer side, between the second carbon fiber layers adjacent to each other in the outside-in direction, the inner surface of the third carbon fiber layer positioned on the inner side, the outer surface of the third carbon fiber layer positioned on the outer side, and between the third carbon fiber layers adjacent to each other in the outside-in direction.
Further, the thickness of each first carbon fiber layer, the thickness of each second carbon fiber layer and the thickness of each third carbon fiber layer were 0.3mm, and the thickness of each resin layer was 0.03 mm.
In this example 1, the total thickness of 14 carbon fibers is 4.2mm, the total thickness of 15 resin layers is about 0.45mm, and thus the thickness of the third segment 13 is about 4.65 mm; the total thickness of 12 layers of resin is 3.6mm and the total thickness of 13 layers of resin is about 0.39mm, whereby the thickness of the first section 11 is about 4 mm; the total thickness of 8 layers of carbon fibres is 2.4mm and the total thickness of 9 layers of resin is about 0.27mm, whereby the thickness of the second section 12 is about 2.67 mm.
The material of the resin layer in the embodiment 1 is high Tg (glass transition temperature) resin, specifically, Tg of the resin layer in the embodiment 1 is not less than 185 ℃; the reinforced pipe needs to be baked in the process of manufacturing the reinforced pipe, the baking temperature is high, and the high Tg resin can be used for avoiding softening and deformation in the baking process; therefore, the reinforcing pipe provided by the embodiment 1 can adapt to the working conditions of the traditional coating workshop in the manufacturing process, does not need to be adaptively modified or upgraded in the traditional coating workshop, and is beneficial to controlling the production cost.
The reinforcing pipe in this embodiment 1 is manufactured through a variable-thickness three-dimensional weaving process, the designability of a three-dimensional weaving carbon fiber winding technology is fully utilized, efficient material utilization is achieved, the performance is guaranteed, meanwhile, the light weight is achieved, and the optimal structural design is achieved. The material thickness of the tubular beam is changed by design at different positions, the material thickness is increased at the main bearing and connecting positions, and the material thickness is reduced at the secondary bearing position to achieve lighter weight with the same performance as the metal reinforcement; the reinforced tube in this embodiment 1 is cured with high Tg (glass transition temperature) resin, which can ensure that the overall size after electrophoretic baking does not deform to affect the quality.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment 2 provides a method for manufacturing a reinforced pipe in embodiment 1, including:
step S101: determining structural parameters of the reinforced pipe;
step S102: adjusting the structure of the core mold according to the structural parameters;
step S103: carrying out three-dimensional weaving on the core mold by using carbon fibers according to the structural parameters to obtain a pre-woven piece;
step S104: taking out the core mold in the pre-woven piece and obtaining a prefabricated body;
step S105: placing the prefabricated body in a mould, and injecting epoxy resin into the mould;
step S106: carrying out pressurization, heat preservation and solidification treatment on the prefabricated body in the mold to obtain a solidified tube;
step S107: and trimming the curing tube to obtain the reinforced tube.
In this embodiment 2, the structural parameters of the reinforced pipe include the thickness, length, number of carbon fiber layers, thickness of carbon fiber layers, number of resin layers, thickness of resin layers, and the like of each segment of the reinforced pipe.
In this example 2, the T700 grade carbon fiber is selected as the preform raw material (other grades of carbon fiber can be selected according to actual conditions) and the high Tg (glass transition temperature) resin is selected as the curing resin, the reference properties of which are shown in the following table, by taking the cost and performance into consideration.
In step S106, baking is required, the baking temperature is high, the high Tg resin can avoid softening and deformation during baking, specifically, Tg of the resin in this embodiment 2 is greater than or equal to 185 ℃; therefore, the manufacturing method of the embodiment 2 can be adapted to the working conditions of the traditional coating workshop, does not need to be adaptively modified or upgraded in the traditional coating workshop, and is beneficial to controlling the production cost.
In this embodiment 2, the core mold form can be a core mold form which is easy to demold, such as a sand core mold or an air bag mold, and the cross-sectional shape of the core mold is not limited to the illustrated form and can be adjusted according to the arrangement space and performance requirements; the pre-weaving of the variable-thickness reinforced pipe is completed by controlling the weaving parameters of the three-dimensional weaving machine; if a sand core mold is selected, the woven preform can be put into water to dissolve the sand core mold and obtain a preform for curing, and if an air bag mold is selected, the air bag mold can be directly taken out; putting the prefabricated body into a preheated HP-RTM mold, injecting high Tg epoxy resin, pressurizing, preserving heat and curing; obtaining a curing tube after curing is finished; and obtaining a finished product after post-treatment such as trimming.
The reinforcing pipe in this embodiment 2 is manufactured through a variable-thickness three-dimensional weaving process, the designability of a three-dimensional weaving carbon fiber winding technology is fully utilized, efficient material utilization is achieved, the performance is guaranteed, meanwhile, the light weight is achieved, and the optimal structural design is achieved. The material thickness of the tubular beam is changed by design at different positions, the material thickness is increased at the main bearing and connecting positions, and the material thickness is reduced at the secondary bearing position to achieve lighter weight with the same performance as the metal reinforcement; the reinforced tube in this embodiment 2 is cured with high Tg (glass transition temperature) resin, which can ensure that the overall size after electrophoretic baking does not deform to affect the quality.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20230054031A1 (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2023-02-23 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Shaft component and method for producing a shaft component |
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| CN107512315A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2017-12-26 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | The pillar construction of automobile |
| CN107512316A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-26 | 吉林大学 | A kind of segment type automobile B-column structure |
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| CN109050681A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2018-12-21 | 康得复合材料有限责任公司 | The roof side rail of D braided composites |
| CN109455230A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-12 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Side wall subassembly and vehicle that has it |
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| CN210149427U (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-03-17 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | A post reinforcement and A post |
| CN211032769U (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-07-17 | 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Carbon fiber and steel plate mixed material hydrogen energy automobile body roof beam structure |
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| US20230054031A1 (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2023-02-23 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Shaft component and method for producing a shaft component |
| US11840964B2 (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2023-12-12 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Shaft component and method for producing a shaft component |
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