CN112791496A - Filter machine - Google Patents
Filter machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112791496A CN112791496A CN202011640893.8A CN202011640893A CN112791496A CN 112791496 A CN112791496 A CN 112791496A CN 202011640893 A CN202011640893 A CN 202011640893A CN 112791496 A CN112791496 A CN 112791496A
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- vacuum
- solid
- pressure chamber
- filter
- filter cloth
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- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/056—Construction of filtering bands or supporting belts, e.g. devices for centering, mounting or sealing the filtering bands or the supporting belts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/04—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with filtering bands or the like supported on cylinders which are impervious for filtering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/44—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D33/46—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element
- B01D33/463—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/44—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D33/46—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element
- B01D33/466—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element scrapers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/70—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation having feed or discharge devices
- B01D33/76—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation having feed or discharge devices for discharging the filter cake, e.g. chutes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/80—Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/80—Accessories
- B01D33/801—Driving means, shaft packing systems or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/80—Accessories
- B01D33/802—Device for changing the inclination of the filtering element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/80—Accessories
- B01D33/804—Accessories integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration
- B01D33/808—Accessories integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration by pressure measuring
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a filter, which relates to the technical field of solid-liquid separation and comprises the following components: the pressure chamber is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet; the vacuum box is arranged in the inner cavity of the pressure chamber, and is provided with vacuum holes; the vacuum holes are covered by the filter cloth, and the vacuum holes of the vacuum box are isolated from the inner cavity of the pressure chamber by filtering of the filter cloth; the pressurized air source is communicated with the inner cavity of the pressure chamber; the vacuum pump is communicated with the vacuum box; the aggregate bin is communicated with the discharge hole; the buffer tank is communicated with an outlet of the aggregate bin; the upper valve is arranged between the buffer tank and the material collecting bin, and the lower valve is arranged at the outlet of the buffer tank. In the technical scheme, the pressure chamber provides a sealed pressurizing environment, so that the pressure chamber has a high-pressure effect, and the vacuum box has a negative-pressure vacuum effect. The pressure can be acted on the solid-liquid material by the pressurization of the pressure chamber, the liquid in the solid-liquid material can be pressed into the vacuum box by the vacuum negative pressure effect to be pumped away by the vacuum box, and the obvious solid-liquid separation effect is generated by the comprehensive action of vacuum and pressurization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid separation, in particular to a filter.
Background
In the fields of metallurgy, mining, chemical industry, environmental protection, food, pharmacy, paper making and the like, solid-liquid separation is often required to be carried out through a vacuum belt filter. The vacuum belt filter is a device for realizing solid-liquid separation by utilizing vacuum negative pressure, and can pump liquid in a solid-liquid mixture through the filter cloth under the vacuum negative pressure of-0.04 MPa to 0.07MPa, and solid particles are remained on the filter cloth, thereby realizing the solid-liquid separation. However, the existing vacuum belt filter only adopts a vacuum negative pressure mode to realize solid-liquid separation, so the solid-liquid separation effect is not ideal and the requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a filter to solve the technical problem that the solid-liquid separation effect cannot meet the requirement in the prior art.
The invention provides a filter, comprising:
the pressure chamber is provided with a feeding hole and a discharging hole;
the vacuum box is arranged in the inner cavity of the pressure chamber, and is provided with a vacuum hole;
the filter cloth covers the vacuum holes, and the vacuum holes of the vacuum box are isolated from the inner cavity of the pressure chamber through filtration of the filter cloth;
a pressurized gas source in communication with the inner cavity of the pressure chamber;
a vacuum pump in communication with the vacuum box;
the material collecting bin is communicated with the discharge hole;
the buffer tank is communicated with an outlet of the aggregate bin;
the upper valve is installed between the buffer tank and the material collecting bin, and the lower valve is installed at an outlet of the buffer tank.
Further, the filter also comprises:
the conveying device comprises a conveying belt, a driving wheel and a driven wheel;
the driving wheel and the driven wheel are located on two sides of the vacuum box, the conveying belt is wound on the driving wheel and the driven wheel, a through hole which is matched and communicated with the vacuum hole is formed in the conveying belt, and two sides of the conveying belt are attached to the filter cloth and the vacuum box respectively.
Further, the filter also comprises:
a plurality of tension wheels disposed around the conveyor belt in the interior cavity of the pressure chamber;
the filter cloth is wound on the plurality of tensioning wheels and rotates along with the rotation of the conveying belt.
Further, the filter also comprises:
the filter cloth is wound on the plurality of tensioning wheels and the discharging wheel, and the tangential direction formed by winding the filter cloth and the discharging wheel faces the discharging port;
the scraper is fixed in the inner cavity of the pressure chamber and faces the unloading wheel, and the scraper is abutted to the surface of the filter cloth.
Further, the filter also comprises:
the filter cloth is wound on the plurality of tension wheels and the deviation rectifying wheel;
the sensor is used for acquiring a deviation signal of the operation of the filter cloth;
and the driver is connected with the deviation rectifying wheel in a control way and is used for controlling the deviation rectifying wheel to move according to the deviation signal.
Further, the filter also comprises:
and one end of the liquid discharge tank is communicated with the vacuum box through a vacuum pipeline, and the other end of the liquid discharge tank is communicated with the vacuum pump.
Further, the filter also comprises:
a feeding bin;
the feeding bin is communicated with a feeding hole of the pressure chamber through the feeding pipe;
the delivery pump is arranged on the delivery pipe.
Further, the filter also comprises:
the sprayer is arranged in the inner cavity of the pressure chamber and faces the conveyor belt;
and the water tank is connected with the sprayer through a water pipe.
The invention also provides a filtering method, according to the filtering machine, the steps are as follows: feeding solid-liquid materials into the filter cloth from the feeding hole, and conveying the solid-liquid materials to the discharging hole by using the conveying device; in the process that the solid-liquid material moves to the discharge hole, continuously pressurizing the inner cavity of the pressure chamber by using the pressurized gas source, and further pressurizing and filtering the solid-liquid material; meanwhile, continuously applying negative pressure to the vacuum box by using the vacuum pump, and further carrying out vacuum filtration on the solid-liquid material; wherein the pressure in the pressure chamber is 0.01MPa-0.03 MPa;
after solid-liquid materials are filtered, opening the upper valve, closing the lower valve, and enabling the filtered residual part to enter a buffer tank; the upper valve is then closed and the lower valve is opened to allow the filtered residue to drain from the buffer tank.
The invention also provides a filtering method, according to the filtering machine, the steps are as follows: continuously applying negative pressure to the vacuum box by using the vacuum pump, and further carrying out vacuum filtration on the solid-liquid material;
the solid-liquid material is put into the filter cloth from the feeding hole, the solid-liquid material is conveyed to the discharging hole by the conveying device, when the filter cloth above the vacuum box is fully paved with the solid-liquid material, the conveying device stops conveying the solid-liquid material, the pressurizing air source is used for continuously pressurizing the inner cavity of the pressure chamber, and then the solid-liquid material is pressurized and filtered; wherein the pressure in the pressure chamber is 0.01MPa-2 MPa;
after solid-liquid materials are filtered, opening the upper valve, closing the lower valve, and enabling the filtered residual part to enter a buffer tank; the upper valve is then closed and the lower valve is opened to allow the filtered residue to drain from the buffer tank.
In the technical scheme, the pressure chamber provides a sealed pressurizing environment, the pressure source provides pressure to the inner cavity of the pressure chamber, so that the pressure chamber has a high-pressure effect, and meanwhile, the vacuum pump can vacuumize the vacuum box to enable the vacuum box to have a negative-pressure vacuum effect. At the moment, the solid-liquid material to be treated can enter the inner cavity of the pressure chamber from the feeding hole, the pressure can act on the solid-liquid material through the pressurization of the pressure chamber, meanwhile, the vacuum box can press the liquid in the solid-liquid material into the vacuum box through the vacuum negative pressure effect to be pumped away, and the remarkable solid-liquid separation effect is generated through the comprehensive effect of vacuum filtration and pressurization filtration, so that the existing requirements are met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. an air tube; 2. a discharge wheel; 3. filtering cloth; 4. a driving wheel; 5. a safety valve; 6. a deflation valve; 7. a pressure sensor; 8. a vacuum pressure gauge; 9. a pressure chamber; 10. a vacuum box; 11. an explosion-proof valve; 12. a first valve; 13. a flow distributor; 14. a driven wheel; 15. a delivery pipe; 16. a tension wheel; 17. a rear door; 18. a feeding bin; 19. a scraper; 20. a material collecting bin; 21. a front door; 22. a second valve; 23. a pressurized gas source; 24. an upper valve; 25. a buffer tank; 26. a lower valve; 27. a feeder; 28. a water accumulation plate; 29. a sprayer; 30. a conveyor belt; 31. a first drain valve; 32. a vacuum line; 33. a second drain valve; 34. a third drain valve; 35. a liquid discharge tank; 36. a deviation rectifying wheel; 37. a driver; 38. a vacuum pump; 39. a delivery pump; 40. a control cabinet; 41. and a third valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the filter provided by the embodiment includes a pressure chamber 9, wherein a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are formed on the pressure chamber 9; the filter also comprises a vacuum box 10, the vacuum box 10 is arranged in the inner cavity of the pressure chamber 9, and the vacuum box 10 is provided with vacuum holes; the filter also comprises a filter cloth 3, the filter cloth 3 covers the vacuum holes, and the vacuum holes of the vacuum box 10 are isolated from the inner cavity of the pressure chamber 9 by filtration of the filter cloth 3; the filter also comprises a pressurized gas source which is communicated with the inner cavity of the pressure chamber 9; the filter also comprises a vacuum pump 38, and the vacuum pump 38 is communicated with the vacuum box 10.
The filter adopts two matching modes of vacuum and pressurization, and realizes solid-liquid separation through the comprehensive action of vacuum filtration and pressurization filtration, wherein the pressure chamber 9 provides a sealed pressurization environment, the pressure air source 23 provides pressure for the inner cavity of the pressure chamber 9, so that the pressure chamber 9 has a high-pressure effect, and meanwhile, the vacuum pump 38 can vacuumize the vacuum box 10, so that the vacuum box 10 has a negative-pressure vacuum effect. At the moment, the solid-liquid material to be treated can enter the inner cavity of the pressure chamber 9 from the feeding hole, the pressure can act on the solid-liquid material through the pressurization of the pressure chamber 9, meanwhile, the vacuum box 10 can press the liquid in the solid-liquid material into the vacuum box 10 through the vacuum negative pressure effect to be pumped away, and the remarkable solid-liquid separation effect is generated through the comprehensive action of vacuum and pressurization.
The pressure chamber 9 is provided with a front door 21 and a rear door 17, the front door 21 and the rear door 17 can conveniently open or seal the pressure chamber 9, and the pressure chamber 9 can bear the pressure of more than 3 MPa. The pressure chamber 9 is also provided with a vacuum pressure gauge 8, a pressure sensor 7, an air release valve 6, a safety valve 5 and an explosion-proof valve 11. The pressure air source 23 is communicated with the inner cavity of the pressure chamber 9 through the air pipe 1, when the pressure air source 23 inputs pressure to the pressure chamber 9, the pressure air source 23 can enter the pressure chamber 9 along the air pipe 1, a gas environment with 2MPa pressure can be provided to the maximum, the air pipe 1 is provided with a second valve 22, and the on-off of the air pipe 1 can be controlled through the second valve 22.
When the filter is used for solid-liquid separation, two working modes can be adopted. The first is the continuous operation mode of the filter, i.e. the vacuum filtration and the pressure filtration are continuous, the pressure chamber works under relatively low filtration pressure, the pressure is generally not more than 0.03MPa, the solid-liquid material supply, the vacuum filtration and the pressure filtration are simultaneously and continuously carried out. The second mode is the periodic working mode of the filter, namely the vacuum filtration is continuous, the pressurizing chamber maintains the basic pressure all the time, generally not exceeding 0.03MPa, and the high-pressure state of the pressurizing chamber, the solid-liquid material supply and the filter cake removal are periodic. When the pressure filtration is carried out, the filter cloth 3 is in a static state, the filter cloth 3 moves when the pressure chamber is at the base pressure of 0.03MPa, a filter cake is removed, when the cleaning filter cloth 3 moves to the vacuum box 10 and is fully distributed on the upper part of the vacuum box 10, the material supply pump is started to supply materials, and when the materials reach the required thickness, the pressure chamber is further pressurized, so that the high-efficiency filtration is carried out. The high pressure of the periodic mode does not exceed 2 MPa. In use, for a filter cake requiring a lower water content, a higher pressure in the pressurization chamber can be used, and accordingly the filtration can be in a periodic mode.
Further, the filter also comprises a conveying device, wherein the conveying device comprises a conveying belt 30, a driving wheel 4 and a driven wheel 14; the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 14 are located on two sides of the vacuum box 10, the conveyor belt 30 is wound on the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 14, a through hole communicated with the vacuum hole in a matched mode is formed in the conveyor belt 30, and two sides of the conveyor belt 30 are attached to the filter cloth 3 and the vacuum box 10 respectively. The conveying device can convey the solid-liquid materials under the conditions of vacuum filtration and pressure filtration, so that the solid-liquid materials are conveyed to the discharge port through the feed port, and the solid-liquid materials are conveyed by matching with the vacuum filtration and the pressure filtration, so that the solid-liquid materials are conveyed to the discharge port in real time after being changed into filter cakes after solid-liquid separation and then are discharged.
The conveyer belt 30 is in a ring shape, and may be a rubber belt, and the conveyer belt 30 may be driven by the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 14 to rotate around the vacuum box 10 after being wound around the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 14. Moreover, the conveyor belt 30 is provided with water passing and air passing through holes, and the through holes are mutually connected with the vacuum holes on the vacuum box 10, so that liquid of solid-liquid materials can enter the vacuum box 10 through the through holes and the vacuum holes, and solid-liquid separation is realized. The running speed of the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 14 can be adjusted by a frequency converter so as to match vacuum filtration and pressure filtration.
Therefore, after entering the pressure chamber 9 at the feed inlet, the solid-liquid material can fall on the filter cloth 3 and the conveyor belt 30, and through the synchronous rotation of the conveyor belt 30 and the filter cloth 3, the solid-liquid material can be conveyed to the discharge port through the conveyor belt 30 to be discharged.
In this case, the filter further comprises a drain tank 35, one end of the drain tank 35 is communicated with the vacuum box 10 through a vacuum pipe 32, and the other end of the drain tank 35 is communicated with the vacuum pump 38. The liquid pumped from the solid-liquid material by vacuum filtration can enter the liquid discharge tank 35 through the vacuum pipeline 32, so that the liquid can be discharged from the vacuum box 10, and the vacuum box 10 can continue to work. The vacuum pipeline 32 is provided with a second drain valve 33, the outlet of the drain tank 35 is provided with a third drain valve 34, and the second drain valve 33 and the third drain valve 34 can control the on-off of the vacuum pipeline 32 and the drain tank 35.
Further, the filter also comprises a plurality of tension wheels 16, and a plurality of tension wheels 16 are arranged in the inner cavity of the pressure chamber 9 around the conveying belt 30; the filter cloth 3 is wound around the tension pulleys 16, and the filter cloth 3 rotates with the rotation of the conveyor belt 30. The tensioning wheel 16 can tension the filter cloth 3, so that the filter cloth 3 can be kept flat on the outer ring of the conveyor belt 30, and a part of the filter cloth 3 is always attached to the conveyor belt 30 and the vacuum box 10, so that the solid-liquid material separation operation is performed under the large cooperation of vacuum and pressure.
Further, the filter also comprises a discharging wheel 2, the filter cloth 3 is wound on the plurality of tensioning wheels 16 and the discharging wheel 2, and the tangential direction formed by winding the filter cloth 3 and the discharging wheel 2 faces the discharging port; and the scraper 19 is fixed in the inner cavity of the pressure chamber 9 and faces the unloading wheel 2, and the scraper 19 is abutted against the surface of the filter cloth 3. After the solid filter cake is separated and formed, the solid filter cake can be adhered to the filter cloth 3, at the moment, the discharging wheel 2 provides a direction running towards the discharging port, the scraper 19 is abutted to the filter cloth 3 to scrape the solid filter cake off the filter cloth 3, the solid filter cake is discharged to the discharging port along the discharging direction provided by the discharging wheel 2, and the solid is directly discharged.
Further, the filter also comprises a deviation rectifying wheel 36, and the filter cloth 3 is wound on the plurality of tension wheels 16 and the deviation rectifying wheel 36; the filter also comprises a sensor, and the sensor is used for acquiring a deviation signal of the operation of the filter cloth 3; the filter also comprises a driver 37, and the driver 37 is in control connection with the deviation rectifying wheel 36 and is used for controlling the deviation rectifying wheel 36 to move according to the deviation signal. According to the matching of the deviation rectifying wheel 36, the deviation rectification of the filter cloth 3 can be realized, so that the filter cloth 3 is driven according to the preset direction without deviation, the normal operation of the filter cloth 3 is ensured, and the reliability of the material operation and separation is ensured.
Further, the filter also comprises a feeding bin 18; the filter also comprises a material conveying pipe 15, and the material feeding bin 18 is communicated with a material inlet of the pressure chamber 9 through the material conveying pipe 15; the filter also comprises a material conveying pump 39, and the material conveying pump 39 is arranged on the material conveying pipe 15. The material delivery pump 39 can be a slurry pump or a slurry pump, and the pressure provided by the material delivery pump 39 needs to overcome the pressure of the pressure chamber 9, the gravity of the material, the resistance of the pipeline and the like, so as to supply solid-liquid materials at a proper flow rate. At this moment, the solid-liquid material can be put in from the feeding bin 18, then the solid-liquid material flows to the feeding hole along the feeding pipe 15 through the pumping action of the feeding pump 39, and enters the pressure chamber 9, and the solid-liquid material can be conveniently transported through the matching, so that the sealing of the pressure chamber 9 is ensured.
Further, the filter further comprises a flow distributor 13, the end of the conveying pipe 15 extends into the inner cavity of the pressure chamber 9 through the inlet, the flow distributor 13 is arranged at the end of the conveying pipe 15, and the flow distributor 13 faces the conveying belt 30. Therefore, the flow distributor 13 can disperse the solid-liquid material conveyed from the conveying pipe 15 to the pressure chamber 9, so that the solid-liquid material can be uniformly thrown onto the filter cloth 3, and the operations of vacuum filtration and pressure filtration are matched. Wherein, a first valve 12 is arranged on the feed delivery pipe 15 and is used for controlling the on-off of the feed delivery pipe 15. A third valve 41 is arranged between the material conveying pipe 15 and the material feeding bin 18, and the connection and disconnection between the material conveying pipe 15 and the material feeding bin 18 are controlled through the third valve 41.
Further, the filter also comprises a material collecting bin 20, and the material collecting bin 20 is communicated with the discharge hole; the filter also comprises a buffer tank 25, and the buffer tank 25 is communicated with the outlet of the aggregate bin 20. At the moment, after solid-liquid separation of solid-liquid materials, solid filter cakes can be collected through the material collecting bin 20 and then discharged from the discharge hole, and the cooperation can facilitate material discharge and ensure the sealing of the pressure chamber 9. The collection bin 20 can be seamlessly connected to the pressure chamber 9, for example, the collection bin 20 extends into the pressure chamber 9 and cooperates with a transmission device, so that the transmission device directly transfers the solids to the collection bin 20 for discharge.
The filter further comprises a feeder 27, the feeder 27 is assembled opposite to an outlet of the buffer tank 25, after the solid materials enter the buffer tank 25, the solid materials can be discharged from the buffer tank 25 and then continuously conveyed away through the feeder 27, so that automatic treatment is realized, the filter further comprises an upper valve 24, and the upper valve 24 is installed between the buffer tank 25 and the collecting bin 20; and/or a lower valve 26, wherein the lower valve 26 is arranged at the outlet of the buffer tank 25. The upper valve 24 and the lower valve 26 are respectively used for controlling the through end between the buffer tank 25 and the material collecting bin 20 and the on-off of the outlet of the buffer tank 25, and through the alternative switches of the upper valve 24 and the lower valve 26, the filtered materials can be moved into the air from a high-pressure environment, so that the filter can carry out unloading operation without stopping, and the influence on a high-pressure chamber is avoided.
Further, the filter also comprises a sprayer 29, the sprayer 29 is arranged in the inner cavity of the pressure chamber 9, and the sprayer 29 faces the conveyor belt 30; the filter also comprises a water tank which is connected with the sprayer 29 through a water pipe. The sprayer 29 can provide a cleaning pressure of 0.3MPa to 4MPa to clean the filter cloth 3, prevent particles formed by materials from blocking meshes of the filter cloth 3, and prolong the service life of the filter cloth 3. The filter also comprises a water accumulation disc 28, the water accumulation disc 28 is arranged below the sprayer 29, waste water can be collected through the water accumulation disc 28 at the moment, a first drain valve 31 is arranged on the water accumulation disc 28, the opening and closing of an outlet of the water accumulation disc 28 can be controlled through the first drain valve 31, and the collection and the discharge of the waste water on the water accumulation disc 28 are controlled.
Wherein, the filter can also be provided with a control cabinet 40, and the control cabinet 40 is utilized to control the work of the filter. Because the filter organically combines vacuum filtration and pressure filtration, and the pressure is far higher than that of the traditional vacuum negative pressure filtration, the filter has better solid-liquid separation effect, the water content of the formed filter cake is very low and can be controlled below 3 percent, so that the energy is saved in the subsequent drying process. In addition, the length and the size of the smaller equipment can be shortened by more than 30 percent compared with the vacuum filter, so that the occupied area of the equipment is smaller. The dehydration can be carried out using a protective gas to reduce the oxidation of the oxidizable material. The filter has a continuous working mode and a periodic working mode, and can be selected according to the requirements on the water content of a filter cake and the production efficiency, so that the adaptability of the equipment is stronger, the filter also has higher production continuity and higher production efficiency on the premise of ensuring better solid-liquid separation effect, and the comprehensive production advantage is more prominent.
The invention also provides a filtering method, according to the filtering machine, the steps are as follows: feeding solid-liquid materials into the filter cloth from the feeding hole, and conveying the solid-liquid materials to the discharging hole by using the conveying device; in the process that the solid-liquid material moves to the discharge hole, continuously pressurizing the inner cavity of the pressure chamber by using the pressurized gas source, and further pressurizing and filtering the solid-liquid material; meanwhile, continuously applying negative pressure to the vacuum box by using the vacuum pump, and further carrying out vacuum filtration on the solid-liquid material; wherein the pressure in the pressure chamber is 0.01MPa-0.03 MPa;
after solid-liquid materials are filtered, opening the upper valve, closing the lower valve, and enabling the filtered residual part to enter a buffer tank; the upper valve is then closed and the lower valve is opened to allow the filtered residue to drain from the buffer tank.
In the filtering method, the filter adopts a continuous working mode, namely, vacuum filtration and pressure filtration are continuous, the pressurizing chamber works under relatively low filtering pressure, the pressure is generally 0.01MPa-0.03MPa, and solid-liquid material supply, vacuum filtration and pressure filtration are simultaneously and continuously carried out.
The invention also provides a filtering method, according to the filtering machine, the steps are as follows: continuously applying negative pressure to the vacuum box by using the vacuum pump, and further carrying out vacuum filtration on the solid-liquid material;
the solid-liquid material is put into the filter cloth from the feeding hole, the solid-liquid material is conveyed to the discharging hole by the conveying device, when the filter cloth above the vacuum box is fully paved with the solid-liquid material, the conveying device stops conveying the solid-liquid material, the pressurizing air source is used for continuously pressurizing the inner cavity of the pressure chamber, and then the solid-liquid material is pressurized and filtered; wherein the pressure in the pressure chamber is 0.01MPa-2 MPa;
after solid-liquid materials are filtered, opening the upper valve, closing the lower valve, and enabling the filtered residual part to enter a buffer tank; the upper valve is then closed and the lower valve is opened to allow the filtered residue to drain from the buffer tank.
In the filtering method, the filtering machine adopts a periodic working mode, namely, the vacuum filtration is continuous, and at the moment, the high-pressure state of a pressurizing chamber, the supply of solid-liquid materials and the removal of filter cakes are periodic. When the cleaning filter cloth 3 moves to the vacuum box 10 and the solid-liquid material is fully distributed on the filter cloth 3 on the upper part of the vacuum box 10, the pressure air source pressurizes the pressurizing chamber to implement high-efficiency filtration. The high pressure in the periodic mode at this time is 0.01MPa to 2 MPa. In use, for a filter cake requiring a lower water content, a higher pressure in the pressurization chamber can be used, and accordingly the filtration can be in a periodic mode.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A filter, comprising:
the pressure chamber is provided with a feeding hole and a discharging hole;
the vacuum box is arranged in the inner cavity of the pressure chamber, and is provided with a vacuum hole;
the filter cloth covers the vacuum holes, and the vacuum holes of the vacuum box are isolated from the inner cavity of the pressure chamber through filtration of the filter cloth;
a pressurized gas source in communication with the inner cavity of the pressure chamber;
a vacuum pump in communication with the vacuum box;
the material collecting bin is communicated with the discharge hole;
the buffer tank is communicated with an outlet of the aggregate bin;
the upper valve is installed between the buffer tank and the material collecting bin, and the lower valve is installed at an outlet of the buffer tank.
2. The filter of claim 1, further comprising:
the conveying device comprises a conveying belt, a driving wheel and a driven wheel;
the driving wheel and the driven wheel are located on two sides of the vacuum box, the conveying belt is wound on the driving wheel and the driven wheel, a through hole which is matched and communicated with the vacuum hole is formed in the conveying belt, and two sides of the conveying belt are attached to the filter cloth and the vacuum box respectively.
3. The filter of claim 2, further comprising:
a plurality of tension wheels disposed around the conveyor belt in the interior cavity of the pressure chamber;
the filter cloth is wound on the plurality of tensioning wheels and rotates along with the rotation of the conveying belt.
4. The filter of claim 2, further comprising:
the filter cloth is wound on the plurality of tensioning wheels and the discharging wheel, and the tangential direction formed by winding the filter cloth and the discharging wheel faces the discharging port;
the scraper is fixed in the inner cavity of the pressure chamber and faces the unloading wheel, and the scraper is abutted to the surface of the filter cloth.
5. The filter of claim 2, further comprising:
the filter cloth is wound on the plurality of tension wheels and the deviation rectifying wheel;
the sensor is used for acquiring a deviation signal of the operation of the filter cloth;
and the driver is connected with the deviation rectifying wheel in a control way and is used for controlling the deviation rectifying wheel to move according to the deviation signal.
6. The filter of claim 1, further comprising:
and one end of the liquid discharge tank is communicated with the vacuum box through a vacuum pipeline, and the other end of the liquid discharge tank is communicated with the vacuum pump.
7. The filter according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising:
a feeding bin;
the feeding bin is communicated with a feeding hole of the pressure chamber through the feeding pipe;
the delivery pump is arranged on the delivery pipe.
8. The filter of any one of claims 2-5, further comprising:
the sprayer is arranged in the inner cavity of the pressure chamber and faces the conveyor belt;
and the water tank is connected with the sprayer through a water pipe.
9. A filtration process, characterized by the fact that the filter according to any of the claims from 2 to 4, comprises the following steps: feeding solid-liquid materials into the filter cloth from the feeding hole, and conveying the solid-liquid materials to the discharging hole by using the conveying device; in the process that the solid-liquid material moves to the discharge hole, continuously pressurizing the inner cavity of the pressure chamber by using the pressurized gas source, and further pressurizing and filtering the solid-liquid material; meanwhile, continuously applying negative pressure to the vacuum box by using the vacuum pump, and further carrying out vacuum filtration on the solid-liquid material; wherein the pressure in the pressure chamber is 0.01MPa-0.03 MPa;
after solid-liquid materials are filtered, opening the upper valve, closing the lower valve, and enabling the filtered residual part to enter a buffer tank; the upper valve is then closed and the lower valve is opened to allow the filtered residue to drain from the buffer tank.
10. A filtration process, characterized by the fact that the filter according to any of the claims from 2 to 4, comprises the following steps: continuously applying negative pressure to the vacuum box by using the vacuum pump, and further carrying out vacuum filtration on the solid-liquid material;
the solid-liquid material is put into the filter cloth from the feeding hole, the solid-liquid material is conveyed to the discharging hole by the conveying device, when the filter cloth above the vacuum box is fully paved with the solid-liquid material, the conveying device stops conveying the solid-liquid material, the pressurizing air source is used for continuously pressurizing the inner cavity of the pressure chamber, and then the solid-liquid material is pressurized and filtered; wherein the pressure in the pressure chamber is 0.01MPa-2 MPa;
after solid-liquid materials are filtered, opening the upper valve, closing the lower valve, and enabling the filtered residual part to enter a buffer tank; the upper valve is then closed and the lower valve is opened to allow the filtered residue to drain from the buffer tank.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011640893.8A CN112791496A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Filter machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011640893.8A CN112791496A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Filter machine |
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| CN112791496A true CN112791496A (en) | 2021-05-14 |
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Inventor after: An Ning Inventor after: Lin Xiuhai Inventor after: Wu Chuang Inventor after: Bian Juanjie Inventor after: Zhu Xuexin Inventor after: Wang Zhigang Inventor after: Hu Qiang Inventor after: He Huijun Inventor after: Liu Jian Inventor after: Wen Yumiao Inventor after: He Bao Inventor after: Liu Xixue Inventor before: Hu Qiang Inventor before: Lin Xiuhai Inventor before: Wu Chuang Inventor before: Bian Juanjie Inventor before: Zhu Xuexin Inventor before: Wang Zhigang Inventor before: An Ning Inventor before: He Huijun Inventor before: Liu Jian Inventor before: Wen Yumiao Inventor before: He Bao Inventor before: Liu Xixue |
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Application publication date: 20210514 |